Stability monitoring device for mountain tunnel surrounding rock

Abstract

The utility model discloses a stability monitoring device for surrounding rock of a mountain tunnel, which comprises a pair of monitoring and adjusting mechanisms arranged in the surrounding rock of the tunnel at intervals along the direction of the mountain tunnel, and the monitoring and adjusting mechanisms comprise monitoring mechanisms used for monitoring whether the surrounding rock of the tunnel shifts or not, the adjusting mechanism is arranged between the monitoring mechanism and the tunnel surrounding rock and used for adjusting the positions of the monitoring mechanism in the horizontal direction and the vertical direction; the monitoring mechanism comprises at least one pair of laser positioning assemblies used for monitoring whether tunnel surrounding rock shifts or not. Each laser positioning assembly comprises a laser transmitter and a laser receiver. The adjusting mechanism comprises a first sliding assembly, a first limiting assembly, a second sliding assembly, a second limiting assembly, a connecting assembly and a third limiting assembly. By adopting the technical scheme of the utility model, the monitoring range of the stability of the surrounding rock of the mountain tunnel can be widened.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model relates to the technical field of mountain tunnel surrounding rock stability monitoring, in particular to a mountain tunnel surrounding rock stability monitoring device. Background Art

[0002] During mountain tunnel excavation, the stress balance (i.e., internal interaction forces) in the surrounding rock above the tunnel walls is disrupted. Because the surrounding rock is soft and has a high water content, it easily breaks apart and falls, causing the excavated section of the tunnel to collapse.

[0003] Currently, during tunnel excavation, initial support is immediately provided to the excavated section. Secondly, a surrounding rock stability monitoring device is installed in the excavated section to immediately issue an alarm if the surrounding rock becomes slightly loose, ensuring the safety of construction workers.

[0004] In the prior art, the utility model patent with publication number CN214533073U discloses a "device for monitoring the stability of tunnel surrounding rock". Specifically, a fiber optic strain sensor is installed on the inner wall of the tunnel, and the sensor is used to monitor the deformation of the tunnel surrounding rock and issue an alarm when the surrounding rock undergoes slight deformation.

[0005] However, since the length of the excavated mountain tunnel may be long, the optical fiber strain sensor can only monitor the stability of the surrounding rock near it (i.e., the optical fiber strain sensor), that is, the monitoring range is too narrow.

[0006] Therefore, there is an urgent need for a stability monitoring device for mountain tunnel surrounding rock, which can broaden the monitoring range of mountain tunnel surrounding rock stability. Utility Model Content

[0007] In order to solve the above technical problems, the utility model provides a stability monitoring device for mountain tunnel surrounding rock, which can broaden the monitoring range of mountain tunnel surrounding rock stability.

[0008] The utility model provides a stability monitoring device for surrounding rock of a mountain tunnel, characterized by comprising: a pair of monitoring and adjusting mechanisms arranged in the tunnel surrounding rock at intervals along the direction of the mountain tunnel, the monitoring and adjusting mechanisms comprising a monitoring mechanism for monitoring whether the tunnel surrounding rock has shifted, and an adjusting mechanism arranged between the monitoring mechanism and the tunnel surrounding rock for adjusting the horizontal and vertical positions of the monitoring mechanism;

[0009] The monitoring mechanism includes at least one pair of laser positioning components for monitoring whether the tunnel surrounding rock has shifted, and the laser positioning components include a laser transmitter and a laser receiver;

[0010] The adjustment mechanism includes a first sliding assembly arranged above the laser positioning assembly for adjusting the horizontal position of the laser positioning assembly, a first limiting assembly arranged at one end of the first sliding assembly for limiting the horizontal position of the laser positioning assembly, a second sliding assembly arranged above the first sliding assembly for adjusting the vertical position of the laser positioning assembly, a second limiting assembly arranged on the outer wall of the second sliding assembly for limiting the vertical position of the laser positioning assembly, a connecting assembly fixedly arranged above the second sliding assembly for abutting the inner wall of the mountain tunnel, and a third limiting assembly arranged in the laser positioning assembly and the first sliding assembly for limiting the direction angle of the laser positioning assembly in the horizontal plane.

[0011] The above-mentioned stability monitoring device for surrounding rock of a mountain tunnel is characterized in that: the first sliding assembly includes a first sliding block fixedly arranged above the laser positioning assembly, a first sliding rod fixedly passed through the first sliding block, and a first sliding groove adapted to the first sliding rod for sliding the first sliding block.

[0012] The above-mentioned stability monitoring device for surrounding rock of a mountain tunnel is characterized in that: the second sliding assembly includes a movable plate fixedly arranged above the first sliding groove, a movable sleeve fixedly arranged above the movable plate, an external thread is arranged on the outer wall of the end of the movable sleeve that contacts the movable plate, a movable ring is passed through the outer wall of the movable sleeve, and the movable ring and the movable sleeve are connected by the external thread.

[0013] The above-mentioned stability monitoring device for surrounding rock of a mountain tunnel is characterized in that: the first limiting component is a first limiting nut, an external thread is provided on the outer surface of the first sliding rod, and the first limiting nut is connected to the first sliding rod through the external thread.

[0014] The above-mentioned stability monitoring device for surrounding rock of mountain tunnel is characterized in that: the second limiting assembly includes a limiting rod arranged below the movable ring for limiting the vertical position of the movable ring, and the outer wall surface of the movable sleeve is provided with a guide groove for guiding the moving direction of the limiting rod.

[0015] The above-mentioned stability monitoring device for surrounding rock of a mountain tunnel is characterized in that: the connecting assembly includes a sliding rod inserted into the movable sleeve, a connecting plate fixedly arranged above the sliding rod, three first openings equally divided by 120° are arranged on the connecting plate, a first connecting rod is arranged in the first opening, and a second limiting nut for limiting the vertical position of the first connecting rod is arranged under the connecting plate.

[0016] The above-mentioned stability monitoring device for surrounding rock of mountain tunnels is characterized in that: the third limiting component includes a screw arranged in the internal cavity of the laser positioning component and threadedly connected to the laser positioning component, three second openings are opened at 120° in the area where the laser positioning component overlaps with the first sliding block, a first limiting ball is placed on the upper surface of the screw, a second limiting ball for limiting the horizontal angle of the laser positioning component is placed in the second opening, and a third limiting nut is arranged on the lower surface of the laser positioning component for limiting the vertical position of the screw.

[0017] The above-mentioned stability monitoring device for mountain tunnel surrounding rock is characterized in that it also includes a pair of sound and light alarms fixedly arranged on the upper surface of the movable plate and electrically connected to the laser positioning assembly for alarming when the tunnel surrounding rock is displaced.

[0018] The above-mentioned stability monitoring device for surrounding rock of a mountain tunnel is characterized by: further comprising a pair of cylindrical scales fixedly arranged on the upper surface of the movable plate for measuring the displacement of the tunnel surrounding rock when the surrounding rock shifts.

[0019] The above-mentioned stability monitoring device for surrounding rock of a mountain tunnel is characterized in that it also includes a level bubble fixedly arranged on the side wall of the connecting plate for determining whether the connecting plate is in a horizontal state.

[0020] The beneficial effect reasoning analysis is as follows:

[0021] In the prior art, due to the long length of mountain tunnels, optical fiber strain sensors are installed in the excavated part of the tunnel. Although they can monitor the stability of the tunnel surrounding rock nearby, their monitoring distance is short and the monitoring range is too narrow.

[0022] In the technical solution of the present invention, at least one pair of laser positioning components are arranged at intervals in the excavated part of the tunnel. For example, a laser transmitter and a laser receiver can be respectively arranged at the tunnel entrance and the junction of the excavated part and the unexcavated part. When the tunnel continues to be excavated, the laser positioning component can monitor the stability of the tunnel surrounding rock from the tunnel entrance to the above-mentioned junction. That is, not only the stability of the tunnel surrounding rock can be monitored, but also the monitoring range of the tunnel surrounding rock stability is broadened.

[0023] The installation of a pair of laser positioning assemblies in the tunnel broadens the monitoring range of tunnel surrounding rock stability, avoiding the existing technology that relies solely on optical fiber strain sensing to monitor tunnel surrounding rock stability, which makes the monitoring range of tunnel surrounding rock stability too narrow.

[0024] Therefore, the use of the stability monitoring device for surrounding rock of a mountain tunnel of the present invention can greatly broaden the monitoring range of the stability of the surrounding rock of the tunnel. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0025] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the structure of a monitoring and adjustment mechanism in a stability monitoring device for surrounding rock of a mountain tunnel;

[0026] Figure 2 for Figure 1 A schematic structural diagram of the first sliding assembly, the first limiting assembly and the laser positioning assembly;

[0027] Figure 3 for Figure 2 A longitudinal section of the first sliding block and part of the laser positioning assembly reveals a longitudinal section of the third position limiting assembly;

[0028] Figure 4 for Figure 3 Schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the laser receiver;

[0029] Description of reference numerals:

[0030] Laser transmitter 1; laser receiver 2; first sliding block 3; first sliding rod 4;

[0031] First sliding groove 5; moving plate 6; moving sleeve 7; moving ring 8;

[0032] First limiting nut 9; limiting rod 10; guide groove 11; sliding rod 12;

[0033] Connecting plate 13; first opening 14; first connecting rod 15; second limiting nut 16;

[0034] Screw 17; second opening 18; first limiting ball 19; second limiting ball 20;

[0035] a third limiting nut 21 ; an audible and visual alarm 22 ; a cylindrical scale 23 ; and a level bubble 24 . DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0036] The present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the embodiments and accompanying drawings. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are intended only to illustrate the relevant utility model and are not intended to limit the scope of the utility model. It should also be noted that, for ease of description, only the portions relevant to the utility model are shown in the accompanying drawings.

[0037] It should be noted that, in the absence of conflict, the embodiments of the present invention, that is, the features of the embodiments, can be combined with each other. The present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the embodiments and in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.

[0038] In the prior art, due to the long length of mountain tunnels, optical fiber strain sensors can only monitor the stability of the surrounding rock in the vicinity, that is, the monitoring range is too narrow.

[0039] Based on this, the utility model provides a kind of stability monitoring device for mountain tunnel surrounding rock, can widen the monitoring range of mountain tunnel surrounding rock stability.

[0040] Figure 1 A kind of structure schematic view of monitoring adjustment mechanism in stability monitoring device for mountain tunnel surrounding rock, Figure 2 For Figure 1 structure schematic view of first sliding assembly, first limiting component and laser positioning assembly in it, Figure 3 For Figure 2 longitudinal section view of longitudinal section first sliding block and part laser positioning assembly rear third limiting component is revealed, Figure 4 For Figure 3 stereoscopic structure schematic view of laser receiver in it.

[0041] Reference Figure 1 , the utility model provides a kind of stability monitoring device for mountain tunnel surrounding rock, it includes: a pair of monitoring adjustment mechanism is arranged in tunnel surrounding rock along mountain tunnel direction interval, monitoring adjustment mechanism includes the monitoring mechanism for monitoring whether the displacement of tunnel surrounding rock occurs, adjusting mechanism for adjusting the position of monitoring mechanism in horizontal direction and vertical direction between monitoring mechanism and tunnel surrounding rock is arranged;

[0042] monitoring mechanism includes at least a pair of laser positioning assembly for monitoring whether the displacement of tunnel surrounding rock occurs, and laser positioning assembly includes laser emitter 1 and laser receiver 2;

[0043] adjusting mechanism includes the first sliding assembly for adjusting the position of laser positioning assembly in horizontal direction being arranged above laser positioning assembly, the first limiting component for limiting the position of laser positioning assembly in horizontal direction is arranged in one end of first sliding assembly, the second sliding assembly for adjusting the position of laser positioning assembly in vertical direction is arranged above first sliding assembly, the second limiting component for limiting the position of laser positioning assembly in vertical direction is arranged in the outer wall of second sliding assembly, the connecting component for abutting mountain tunnel inner wall is fixedly arranged above second sliding assembly, and the third limiting component for limiting the direction angle of laser positioning assembly in horizontal plane is arranged in laser positioning assembly and first sliding assembly.

[0044] Reference Figure 1 , the utility model provides stability monitoring device includes a pair of monitoring adjustment mechanism (i.e. two monitoring adjustment mechanisms are arranged interval along mountain tunnel already excavated part).

[0045] Continue to refer to Figure 1One monitoring and adjustment mechanism (for example, installed in the excavated portion of a mountain tunnel) includes at least one pair of laser positioning assemblies, each of which includes a laser transmitter 1 and a laser receiver 2. Similarly, another monitoring and adjustment mechanism (for example, installed at the entrance of the excavated portion of a mountain tunnel) also includes at least one pair of laser positioning assemblies, each of which also includes a laser transmitter 1 and a laser receiver 2.

[0046] It should be noted that the laser transmitter 1 in the monitoring and adjustment mechanism inside the cave and the laser receiver 2 in the monitoring and adjustment mechanism at the cave entrance work together, and the laser receiver 2 in the monitoring and adjustment mechanism inside the cave and the laser transmitter 1 in the monitoring and adjustment mechanism at the cave entrance work together.

[0047] For example, after the stability monitoring device is installed on the surrounding rock of the tunnel wall, the laser transmitter 1 inside the tunnel and the laser receiver 2 at the tunnel entrance are in an aligned state, that is, the laser transmitter 1 inside the tunnel emits laser and the laser receiver 2 at the tunnel entrance receives the above laser.

[0048] It is understood that if the surrounding rock is stable (i.e., not deflected), the laser receiver 2 at the cave entrance can always receive the laser light emitted by the laser transmitter 1 inside the cave. If the surrounding rock is unstable (i.e., deflected), the laser receiver 2 at the cave entrance cannot receive the laser light emitted by the laser transmitter 1 inside the cave.

[0049] Alternatively, all monitoring and adjustment mechanisms inside the cave may be equipped with laser transmitters 1, and all monitoring and adjustment mechanisms at the cave entrance may be equipped with laser receivers 2. Alternatively, all monitoring and adjustment mechanisms inside the cave may be equipped with laser receivers 2, and all monitoring and adjustment mechanisms at the cave entrance may be equipped with laser transmitters 1.

[0050] Multiple pairs of laser positioning components are installed correspondingly on the monitoring and adjustment mechanisms inside the cave and on both sides of the cave entrance, which can more sensitively monitor the stability of the surrounding rock. For example, when the surrounding rock is unstable, any pair of the multiple pairs of laser positioning components can detect it.

[0051] The first sliding assembly is used to move the laser positioning assembly to a certain position in the horizontal direction, and the second sliding assembly is used to move the laser positioning assembly to a certain position in the vertical direction.

[0052] Combine Figure 3 and Figure 4 , the laser positioning assembly can rotate circumferentially around the first sliding block 3 (ie, rotate circumferentially in a horizontal plane).

[0053] The first limiting assembly is used to fix the laser positioning assembly at a certain position in the horizontal direction mentioned above, the second limiting assembly is used to fix the laser positioning assembly at a certain position in the vertical direction mentioned above, and the third limiting assembly is used to limit the direction angle of the laser positioning assembly in the horizontal plane (that is, to fix the orientation of the laser positioning assembly in a certain direction in the horizontal plane to prevent the laser positioning assembly from circumferential rotation).

[0054] The beneficial effect reasoning analysis is as follows:

[0055] In the prior art, due to the long length of mountain tunnels, optical fiber strain sensors are installed in the excavated part of the tunnel. Although they can monitor the stability of the tunnel surrounding rock nearby, their monitoring distance is short and the monitoring range is too narrow.

[0056] In the technical solution of the present invention, at least one pair of laser positioning components (i.e., a laser transmitter 1 and a laser receiver 2) are arranged at intervals in the excavated part of the tunnel. For example, the laser transmitter 1 and the laser receiver 2 can be respectively arranged at the tunnel entrance and the junction of the excavated part and the unexcavated part. When the tunnel continues to be excavated, the laser positioning components can monitor the stability of the tunnel surrounding rock from the tunnel entrance to the above-mentioned junction. That is, not only can the stability of the tunnel surrounding rock be monitored, but the monitoring range of the tunnel surrounding rock stability is also broadened.

[0057] The installation of a pair of laser positioning assemblies in the tunnel broadens the monitoring range of tunnel surrounding rock stability, avoiding the existing technology that relies solely on optical fiber strain sensing to monitor tunnel surrounding rock stability, which makes the monitoring range of tunnel surrounding rock stability too narrow.

[0058] Therefore, the use of the stability monitoring device for surrounding rock of a mountain tunnel of the present invention can greatly broaden the monitoring range of the stability of the surrounding rock of the tunnel.

[0059] In the above-mentioned embodiment, a stability monitoring device for surrounding rock of a mountain tunnel is introduced. In another embodiment of the present utility model, the specific structure of the first sliding assembly is introduced.

[0060] Combine Figure 1 and Figure 2 The first sliding assembly includes a first sliding block 3 fixedly arranged above the laser positioning assembly, a first sliding rod 4 fixedly passed through the first sliding block 3, and a first sliding groove 5 adapted to the first sliding rod 4 for sliding the first sliding block 3.

[0061] In a specific implementation, the first sliding rod 4 fixedly provided on the first sliding block 3 is slid along the first sliding groove 5 to change the horizontal position of the laser positioning assembly (eg, the laser transmitter 1 or the laser receiver 2 ).

[0062] In the embodiment described above, the specific structure of the first sliding assembly is introduced. In another embodiment of the present invention, the specific structure of the second sliding assembly is introduced.

[0063] Combine Figure 1 and Figure 2 The second sliding assembly includes a moving plate 6 fixedly arranged above the first sliding groove 5, a moving sleeve 7 fixedly arranged above the moving plate 6, an external thread is arranged on the outer wall of the end of the moving sleeve 7 that contacts the moving plate 6, a moving ring 8 is passed through the outer wall of the moving sleeve 7, and the moving ring 8 and the moving sleeve 7 are connected by an external thread.

[0064] In a specific implementation, when the moving ring 8 is rotated (for example, clockwise), the moving ring 8 moves downward, and the moving sleeve 7 and the moving plate 6 fixedly connected to the moving sleeve 7 move upward relative to the moving ring 8, thereby changing the vertical position of the laser positioning assembly (for example, the laser transmitter 1 and the laser receiver 2).

[0065] In the embodiment described above, the specific structure of the second sliding assembly is introduced. In another embodiment of the present invention, the specific type of the first limiting assembly is introduced.

[0066] For example, the first limiting component is a first limiting nut 9 , an external thread is provided on the outer surface of the first sliding rod 4 , and the first limiting nut 9 is fixedly connected to the first sliding rod 4 via the external thread.

[0067] In a specific implementation, when the first sliding block 3 moves to a suitable position in the horizontal direction, the first limiting nut 9 can be threadedly fixedly connected to the first sliding rod 9 with an external thread, thereby limiting the horizontal position of the first sliding block 9 and, at the same time, synchronously limiting the horizontal position of the laser positioning component (for example, the laser transmitter 1 or the laser receiver 2).

[0068] In the embodiment described above, the specific type of the first position-limiting assembly is introduced. In another embodiment of the present invention, the specific structure of the second position-limiting assembly is introduced.

[0069] See also Figure 1 The second limiting assembly includes a limiting rod 10 arranged below the moving ring 8 for limiting the vertical position of the moving ring 8, and a guide groove 11 is provided on the outer wall surface of the moving sleeve 7 for guiding the moving direction of the limiting rod 10.

[0070] In a specific implementation, when the movable ring 8 is rotated (e.g., clockwise), the movable ring 8 moves downward. The limiting rod 11 disposed below the movable ring 8 will simultaneously move downward along the guide groove 11 under the action of the movable ring 8. It is precisely because of the provision of the limiting rod 11 that the movable ring 8 will not continue to move downward due to the action of gravity after stopping rotation, thereby fixing the movable ring 8 in a certain vertical position. The movable sleeve 7 and the movable plate 6 fixedly connected to the movable sleeve 7 move upward relative to the movable ring 8, shifting the movable plate 6 and simultaneously changing the vertical position of the laser positioning assembly fixedly connected to the movable plate 6.

[0071] In the embodiment described above, the specific structure of the second limiting assembly is introduced. In another embodiment of the present invention, the specific structure of the connecting assembly is introduced.

[0072] Combine Figure 1 The connecting assembly includes a sliding rod 12 passing through the movable sleeve 7, a connecting plate 13 fixedly arranged above the sliding rod 12, three first openings 14 equally divided by 120° are provided on the connecting plate 13, a first connecting rod 15 is provided in the first opening 14, and a second limiting nut 16 for limiting the vertical position of the first connecting rod 15 is provided below the connecting plate 13.

[0073] In a specific implementation, the first connecting rod 15 is inserted into the surrounding rock of the tunnel, and then the second limiting nut 16 is tightened to achieve the installation of the stability monitoring device.

[0074] In the embodiment described above, the specific structure of the connecting assembly is introduced. In another embodiment of the present invention, the specific structure of the third limiting assembly is introduced.

[0075] Combine Figures 1 to 4 The third limiting component includes a screw 17 arranged in the internal cavity of the laser positioning component and threadedly connected to the laser positioning component. Three second openings 18 are opened at 120° in the area where the laser positioning component overlaps with the first sliding block 3. A first limiting ball 19 is placed on the upper surface of the screw 17, and a second limiting ball 20 for limiting the horizontal angle of the laser positioning component is placed in the second opening 18, as well as a third limiting nut 21 arranged on the lower surface of the laser positioning component for limiting the vertical position of the screw 17.

[0076] In a specific implementation, the laser positioning assembly (for example, the laser emitter 1 or the laser receiver 2) is rotated circumferentially so that the laser emitter 1 and the laser receiver 2 are aligned, and then the screw 17 is pushed upward from the bottom. The first limiting ball 19 will fit tightly with the three second limiting balls 20 circumferentially, and the third limiting nut 21 provided on the lower surface of the laser positioning assembly is tightened to limit the direction of the laser positioning assembly to a certain position or direction in the horizontal plane.

[0077] In the foregoing embodiment, the specific structure of the third limiting assembly is introduced. In another embodiment of the utility model, the assembly for alarming when the tunnel surrounding rock is displaced is introduced.

[0078] Referring to Figure 1 Further comprising a pair of sound-light alarms 22 fixedly arranged on the upper surface of the moving plate 6 and electrically connected with the laser positioning assembly, for alarming when the tunnel surrounding rock is displaced.

[0079] In the specific implementation, when the tunnel surrounding rock is displaced, the laser receiver 2 cannot receive the laser emitted by the laser positioner 1, and the sound-light alarm 22 electrically connected with the laser receiver 2 can emit an alarm sound and turn on the alarm light, reminding the construction personnel that the surrounding rock is displaced, so as to ensure safety and evacuate in time.

[0080] In the foregoing embodiment, the assembly for alarming when the tunnel surrounding rock is displaced is introduced. In another embodiment of the utility model, the displacement measurement assembly when the tunnel surrounding rock is displaced is introduced.

[0081] Referring to Figure 1 Further comprising a pair of cylindrical scales 23 fixedly arranged on the upper surface of the moving plate 6, for measuring the displacement of the tunnel surrounding rock when the surrounding rock is displaced.

[0082] In the specific implementation, when the cylindrical scale 23 is installed into the tunnel surrounding rock, the three-dimensional coordinate positions (for example, x1, y1, z1) of the cylindrical scale 23 are measured by the measuring equipment (for example, a total station) arranged at the tunnel portal. After the sound-light alarm 22 alarms, the three-dimensional coordinate positions (for example, x2, y2, z2) of the two cylindrical scales 23 are measured again by the total station. The three-dimensional coordinate difference (Δx, Δy, Δz) between the above two times is the displacement data.

[0083] It can be understood that in the scheme provided by the utility model, a pair of cylindrical scales 23 are arranged, so there are two displacement data. That is, the number of displacement data corresponds to the number of cylindrical scales 23 arranged.

[0084] In the foregoing embodiment, the displacement measurement assembly when the tunnel surrounding rock is displaced is introduced. In another embodiment of the utility model, the measurement assembly for measuring whether the connecting plate is installed horizontally is introduced.

[0085] Referring to Figure 1 Further comprising a bubble level 24 fixedly arranged on the side wall of the connecting plate 13, for determining whether the connecting plate 13 is in a horizontal state.

[0086] In the specific implementation, when the connecting plate 13 is horizontal, the bubble in the bubble level 24 will be in the center of the container, otherwise, it will be inclined to one end.

[0087] The above is only the preferred embodiment of the present application, and does not limit the present application. Any simple modification, change, and equivalent structural change of the above embodiment according to the technical essence of the present application are still within the protection scope of the present application.

Claims

1. A stability monitoring device for surrounding rock of a mountain tunnel, characterized by: include: A pair of monitoring and adjustment mechanisms are arranged in the tunnel surrounding rock at intervals along the direction of the mountain tunnel, the monitoring and adjustment mechanisms comprising a monitoring mechanism for monitoring whether the tunnel surrounding rock has shifted, and an adjustment mechanism arranged between the monitoring mechanism and the tunnel surrounding rock for adjusting the horizontal and vertical positions of the monitoring mechanism; The monitoring mechanism comprises at least one pair of laser positioning components for monitoring whether the tunnel surrounding rock has shifted, the laser positioning components comprising a laser transmitter (1) and a laser receiver (2); The adjustment mechanism includes a first sliding assembly arranged above the laser positioning assembly for adjusting the horizontal position of the laser positioning assembly, a first limiting assembly arranged at one end of the first sliding assembly for limiting the horizontal position of the laser positioning assembly, a second sliding assembly arranged above the first sliding assembly for adjusting the vertical position of the laser positioning assembly, a second limiting assembly arranged on the outer wall of the second sliding assembly for limiting the vertical position of the laser positioning assembly, a connecting assembly fixedly arranged above the second sliding assembly for abutting the inner wall of the mountain tunnel, and a third limiting assembly arranged in the laser positioning assembly and the first sliding assembly for limiting the direction angle of the laser positioning assembly in the horizontal plane.

2. The stability monitoring device for surrounding rock of a mountain tunnel according to claim 1, characterized in that: The first sliding assembly comprises a first sliding block (3) fixedly arranged above the laser positioning assembly, a first sliding rod (4) fixedly arranged through the first sliding block (3), and a first sliding groove (5) adapted to the first sliding rod (4) for sliding the first sliding block (3).

3. The stability monitoring device for surrounding rock of a mountain tunnel according to claim 2, characterized in that: The second sliding assembly comprises a moving plate (6) fixedly arranged above the first sliding groove (5), a moving sleeve (7) fixedly arranged above the moving plate (6), an outer wall of the moving sleeve (7) at one end in contact with the moving plate (6) is provided with an external thread, a moving ring (8) is passed through the outer wall of the moving sleeve (7), and the moving ring (8) and the moving sleeve (7) are connected via the external thread.

4. The stability monitoring device for surrounding rock of a mountain tunnel according to claim 2, characterized in that: The first limiting component is a first limiting nut (9), an external thread is provided on the outer surface of the first sliding rod (4), and the first limiting nut (9) and the first sliding rod (4) are fixedly connected via the external thread.

5. The stability monitoring device for surrounding rock of a mountain tunnel according to claim 3, characterized in that: The second limiting assembly comprises a limiting rod (10) arranged below the moving ring (8) for limiting the vertical position of the moving ring (8), and a guide groove (11) is provided on the outer wall surface of the moving sleeve (7) for guiding the moving direction of the limiting rod (10).

6. The stability monitoring device for surrounding rock of a mountain tunnel according to claim 3, characterized in that: The connecting assembly comprises a sliding rod (12) passing through the movable sleeve (7), a connecting plate (13) fixedly arranged above the sliding rod (12), three first openings (14) equally divided by 120 degrees are arranged on the connecting plate (13), a first connecting rod (15) is arranged in the first opening (14), and a second limiting nut (16) for limiting the vertical position of the first connecting rod (15) is arranged below the connecting plate (13).

7. The stability monitoring device for surrounding rock of a mountain tunnel according to claim 2, characterized in that: The third limiting component includes a screw (17) arranged in the internal cavity of the laser positioning component and threadedly connected to the laser positioning component, three second openings (18) are opened at 120 degrees in the area where the laser positioning component overlaps with the first sliding block (3), a first limiting ball (19) is placed on the upper surface of the screw (17), a second limiting ball (20) for limiting the horizontal angle of the laser positioning component is placed in the second opening (18), and a third limiting nut (21) is arranged on the lower surface of the laser positioning component for limiting the vertical position of the screw (17).

8. The stability monitoring device for surrounding rock of a mountain tunnel according to claim 3, characterized in that: It also includes a pair of sound and light alarms (22) fixedly arranged on the upper surface of the movable plate (6) and electrically connected to the laser positioning assembly for alarming when the tunnel surrounding rock is displaced.

9. The stability monitoring device for surrounding rock of a mountain tunnel according to claim 3, characterized in that: It also includes a pair of cylindrical scales (23) fixedly arranged on the upper surface of the movable plate (6) and used to measure the displacement of the tunnel surrounding rock when the surrounding rock is displaced.

10. The stability monitoring device for surrounding rock of a mountain tunnel according to claim 6, characterized in that: It also includes a level bubble (24) fixedly arranged on the side wall of the connecting plate (13) for determining whether the connecting plate (13) is in a horizontal state.

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