Liquid cooling converter
By introducing a liquid-cooled radiator and a through-type heat exchanger assembly into the liquid-cooled converter, combined with a fan and air duct, the heat dissipation problem of the liquid-cooled string converter at high power density is solved, achieving efficient heat dissipation and cost reduction.
Patent Information
- Application Number
- CN202422785307.9
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Utility models(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2024-11-14
- Publication Date
- 2025-10-10
- Estimated Expiration
- 2034-11-14
AI Technical Summary
Existing liquid-cooled string converters have insufficient heat dissipation efficiency at high power density, and their internal component layout design has problems with safety, manufacturability, and testability.
A liquid-cooled converter was designed, which uses a liquid-cooled radiator and a heat exchanger assembly running through the first and second layers, combined with a fan and air duct to achieve efficient internal heat dissipation and optimize the internal component layout to reduce costs and losses.
It achieves efficient and rapid heat dissipation, lowers the average temperature inside the cabinet, reduces design costs and losses, and improves the manufacturability and testability of the system.
Smart Images
Figure CN223428762U_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] The utility model relates to the technical field of converters, in particular to a liquid-cooled converter. Background Art
[0002] In the new energy photovoltaic and energy storage sectors, string inverters have become a staple product due to their numerous system advantages. In recent years, as battery capacity has increased and system costs have decreased, string inverter power has continued to rise. However, due to maintenance and installation requirements, the size and weight of string inverters cannot be significantly increased, resulting in increasingly higher power density. In energy storage systems, in particular, energy storage batteries are now liquid-cooled, and string inverters also use liquid cooling, achieving higher power density than air-cooled systems.
[0003] In liquid-cooled string converters, power semiconductors dissipate heat via a liquid cooling plate, achieving higher heat dissipation efficiency than air cooling. However, due to its high power density, the converter's internal losses are higher, making efficient heat dissipation a key issue. As can be seen, addressing the heat dissipation issue requires addressing the sources of heat loss and efficient heat dissipation methods. Furthermore, consideration must be given to safety regulations, manufacturability, and testability requirements for the layout of components within the cabinet. A comprehensive and optimal solution is urgently needed. Utility Model Content
[0004] The technical problem to be solved by the utility model is to provide a liquid-cooled converter with compact structure, high heat dissipation efficiency and low operating cost in view of the deficiencies in the prior art.
[0005] In order to solve the above technical problems, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is:
[0006] A liquid-cooled converter includes a cabinet, the interior of the cabinet is divided into a first layer and a second layer from bottom to top in the vertical direction, the components arranged on the first layer include: an inductor, a power board, a DC filter board and a pre-charging circuit board, the DC filter board and the inductor are respectively located on opposite sides of the power board, and the DC filter board and the pre-charging circuit board are located on the same side of the power board, the components arranged on the second layer include: an AC output board, a BMS board and a control power board, the AC output board and the BMS board are respectively located on opposite sides of the control power board, and the BMS board is located above the DC filter board, a capacitor plate is provided on the rear side wall of the cabinet in the vertical direction, a liquid-cooled radiator and a heat exchanger assembly are provided in the cabinet, the heat exchanger assembly runs through the first and second layers, the inductor and the power board are placed on the liquid-cooled radiator, and the liquid-cooled radiator is connected to the heat exchanger assembly to achieve heat dissipation and cooling inside the cabinet.
[0007] As a further improvement of the present invention, the heat exchanger assembly includes a heat exchanger, a first fan, a first air duct and a second air duct, and the heat exchanger is installed on a liquid-cooled radiator; the first fan is arranged in a corner inside the cabinet and is raised between the first layer and the second layer, the first air duct is arranged between the inductor and the power board, and the second air duct is arranged between the AC output board and the control power board. Both ends of the first air duct and the second air duct are respectively connected to the first fan and the heat exchanger; the cold air blown out by the first fan is concentratedly blown through the inductor and the AC output board through the first air duct and the second air duct, and the hot air formed enters the heat exchanger, so that the internal circulation loss heat in the cabinet is taken away by the heat exchanger.
[0008] As a further improvement of the present invention, the heat exchanger assembly also includes a second fan, a third air duct and a fourth air duct. The second fan is arranged at another corner inside the cabinet opposite to the first fan, and is raised between the first and second layers; the third air duct and the fourth air duct are both arranged on one side of the cabinet, and the capacitor plate is located in the third air duct and the fourth air duct; both ends of the third air duct and the fourth air duct are respectively connected to the heat exchanger and the second fan; the second fan draws cold air from the heat exchanger outlet through the third air duct and the fourth air duct, and blows it toward the DC filter board, the pre-charging circuit board and the BMS board to achieve internal circulation.
[0009] As a further improvement of the present invention, the side of the AC output board close to the capacitor board is the input end, and the side of the AC output board close to the first fan is the output end. The input end is connected to the inductor, and the output end is connected to the output plug of the cabinet through a copper busbar.
[0010] As a further improvement of the present invention, the heat exchanger is welded to the liquid cooling radiator or connected via a pipeline.
[0011] As a further improvement of the present invention, the heat exchanger is bonded to the liquid-cooled radiator, and the bonding material is made of a heat-conducting material.
[0012] Compared with the prior art, the advantages of the present invention are:
[0013] The liquid-cooled converter of the present invention is provided with a liquid-cooled radiator and a heat exchanger assembly in the cabinet. The heat exchanger assembly runs through the first layer and the second layer. The inductor and the power board are placed on the liquid-cooled radiator. The liquid-cooled radiator is connected to the air-cooled heat dissipation assembly. The high temperature and large loss heat inside the converter is efficiently and quickly exchanged through the heat exchanger, thereby removing the loss inside the cabinet to the greatest extent and achieving a lower average temperature inside the cabinet. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
[0014] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the layout principle of the first layer of the liquid-cooled converter in a specific embodiment of the present utility model;
[0015] Figure 2 The layout principle schematic view of the second layer of the liquid-cooled converter in the embodiment of the utility model is shown in the figure.
[0016] Legend: 100, cabinet body; 1, heat exchanger; 2, inductor; 3, first fan; 4, first air duct; 5, power board; 6, direct current filter board; 7, pre-charge circuit board; 8, second fan; 9, capacitor board; 10, second air duct; 11, alternating current output board; 12, BMS board; 13, control power board; 14, third air duct; 15, fourth air duct. DETAILED DESCRIPTION
[0017] The utility model will be further described below in combination with the drawings and specific preferred embodiments, but it does not limit the protection scope of the utility model.
[0018] In the description of the utility model, it is understood that the orientation or positional relationship indicated by the terms "side", "center", "longitudinal", "transverse", "length", "width", "thickness", "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", "clockwise", "counterclockwise", "axial", "radial", "circumferential" and the like is based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings, and is only for the convenience of describing the utility model and simplifying the description, and therefore cannot be understood as indicating or implying that the indicated device or element must have a particular orientation, be constructed and operated in a particular orientation, and therefore cannot be understood as limiting the utility model.
[0019] In addition, the terms "first" and "second" are only for the purpose of description, and cannot be understood as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of indicated technical features, so that the features with "first" and "second" can explicitly or implicitly include one or more features, and in the description of the utility model, the meaning of "multiple" is two or more, unless otherwise specifically limited.
[0020] Embodiment
[0021] As Figure 1 and Figure 2As shown, the liquid-cooled converter of the present invention includes a cabinet 100, the interior of which is vertically divided into a first layer and a second layer from bottom to top. The components arranged on the first layer include: an inductor 2, a power board 5, a DC filter board 6, and a pre-charge circuit board 7. The DC filter board 6 and the multiple inductors 2 are respectively located on opposite sides of the power board 5, and the DC filter board 6 and the pre-charge circuit board 7 are located on the same side of the power board 5. The components arranged on the second layer include: an AC output board 11, a BMS board 12, and a control power board 13. The AC output board 11 and the BMS board 12 are respectively located on opposite sides of the control power board 13, and the BMS board 12 is located above the DC filter board 6. A capacitor plate 9 is provided on the rear side wall of the cabinet 100 in the vertical direction. A liquid-cooled radiator (not shown in the figure) and a heat exchanger assembly are provided inside the cabinet 100. The heat exchanger assembly runs between the first layer and the second layer. The inductor 2 and the power board 5 are placed on the liquid-cooled radiator. The liquid-cooled radiator is connected to the heat exchanger assembly to achieve heat dissipation and cooling inside the cabinet 100.
[0022] In this embodiment, a liquid-cooled radiator and a heat exchanger assembly are provided in the cabinet 100, the heat exchanger assembly runs through the first layer and the second layer, the inductor 2 and the power board 5 are placed on the liquid-cooled radiator, and the liquid-cooled radiator is connected to the heat exchanger assembly, so that the high temperature and high loss heat inside the converter can be efficiently and quickly exchanged through the heat exchanger, thereby removing the loss inside the cabinet to the greatest extent and achieving a lower average temperature inside the cabinet.
[0023] like Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, the heat exchanger assembly includes a heat exchanger 1, a first fan 3, a first air duct 4, and a second air duct 10. The heat exchanger 1 is installed on a liquid-cooled radiator. The first fan 3 is set in a corner inside the cabinet 100 and is raised between the first and second layers. The first air duct 4 is set between the inductor 2 and the power board 5. The second air duct 10 is set between the AC output board 11 and the control power board 13. Both ends of the first air duct 4 and the second air duct 10 are connected to the first fan 3 and the heat exchanger 1 respectively. The cold air blown out by the first fan 3 is concentrated through the first air duct 4 and the second air duct 10 to blow through the inductor 2 and the AC output board 11, which are components with high heat and temperature rise. The hot air generated enters the heat exchanger 1, so that the internal circulation heat loss in the cabinet 100 is carried away by the heat exchanger 1.
[0024] It can be understood that when the inductor 2 has a large loss, it is placed on a liquid cooling radiator to dissipate heat. If the inductor 2 has a small loss, the first fan 3 can be used for air cooling to reduce the area of the liquid cooling radiator.
[0025] like Figure 1 and Figure 2As shown, the heat exchanger assembly also includes a second fan 8, a third air duct 14 and a fourth air duct 15. The second fan 8 is arranged at another corner inside the cabinet 100 opposite to the first fan 3, and is raised to between the first and second layers. The third air duct 14 and the fourth air duct 15 are both arranged on one side of the cabinet 100. The third air duct 14 is located below the fourth air duct 15, and the capacitor plate 9 is located in the third air duct 14 and the fourth air duct 15. Both ends of the third air duct 14 and both ends of the fourth air duct 15 are respectively connected to the heat exchanger 1 and the second fan 8; the second fan 8 draws cold air from the outlet of the heat exchanger 1 through the third air duct 14 and the fourth air duct 15, and blows it to the DC filter board 6, the pre-charging circuit board 7 and the BMS board 12 to achieve internal circulation. In this embodiment, the four air ducts can be formed by setting partitions.
[0026] In this embodiment, the cooled circulating air blown out by the heat exchanger 1 is blown through the capacitor plate 9 through the third air duct 14 and the fourth air duct 15. The circulating air at this time is the circulating air with the lowest temperature in the cabinet. The capacitor plate 9 can achieve higher current capacity at a lower application environment temperature, thereby reducing the use of electrolytic capacitors and achieving the effect of reducing the design cost of the system.
[0027] In this embodiment, the side of the AC output board 11 close to the capacitor board 9 is the input end, and the side of the AC output board 11 close to the first fan 3 is the output end. The input end is connected to the inductor 2, and the wiring is convenient and the distance is short. The output end is connected to the output plug of the cabinet 100 through a copper busbar, and there is no long output cable, which reduces costs and internal circulation losses.
[0028] In this embodiment, the heat exchanger 1 is welded to the liquid-cooled radiator, and both utilize a liquid cooling medium for heat dissipation. In other embodiments, the heat exchanger 1 and the liquid-cooled radiator may be connected by a pipe, or the heat exchanger 1 may be in the form of a finned heat exchanger bonded to the liquid-cooled radiator with thermal grease.
[0029] In this embodiment, power components such as a liquid-cooled radiator, an inductor 2, a power board 5, a DC filter board 6, and a pre-charge circuit board 7 are arranged on the lower layer of the cabinet. There are few control signals. In the second layer, the output end of the AC output board 11 is directly connected to the front outlet of the cabinet, eliminating the internal routing of the AC outlet, eliminating the cost of the original cables, eliminating the loss of the original cables, reducing the cost of the entire cabinet, and reducing the loss inside the cabinet. The control power board 13 is located in the middle of the second layer, and the signal interfaces of the control power board 13 and other boards can be evenly arranged around the board as needed. The relative positions of the key boards (power board, AC output board, control power board) in the liquid-cooled converter of this embodiment are consistent with those of the air-cooled side. When developing an air-cooled platform converter, the relevant boards can be reused to avoid repeated development. The liquid-cooled radiator of this embodiment has more advantages than the existing technical solutions in terms of efficient heat dissipation, production and manufacturing, and overall system power density.
[0030] The above description is merely a preferred embodiment of the present invention. The scope of protection of the present invention is not limited to the above embodiment. All technical solutions based on the concept of the present invention are within the scope of protection of the present invention. It should be noted that for those skilled in the art, certain improvements and modifications that do not depart from the principles of the present invention should also be considered within the scope of protection of the present invention.
Claims
1. A liquid-cooled converter, characterized in that: The invention comprises a cabinet (100), wherein the interior of the cabinet (100) is divided into a first layer and a second layer from bottom to top in a vertical direction, wherein the components arranged on the first layer include: an inductor (2), a power board (5), a DC filter board (6) and a pre-charge circuit board (7), wherein the DC filter board (6) and the inductor (2) are respectively located on opposite sides of the power board (5), and the DC filter board (6) and the pre-charge circuit board (7) are located on the same side of the power board (5), and wherein the components arranged on the second layer include: an AC output board (11), a BMS board (12) and a control power board ( 13), the AC output board (11) and the BMS board (12) are respectively located on opposite sides of the control power board (13), the BMS board (12) is located above the DC filter board (6), a capacitor board (9) is provided on the rear side wall of the cabinet (100) in a vertical direction, a liquid cooling radiator and a heat exchanger assembly are provided in the cabinet (100), the heat exchanger assembly runs between the first layer and the second layer, the inductor (2) and the power board (5) are placed on the liquid cooling radiator, and the liquid cooling radiator is connected to the heat exchanger assembly to achieve heat dissipation and cooling inside the cabinet (100).
2. The liquid-cooled converter according to claim 1, characterized in that: The heat exchanger assembly comprises a heat exchanger (1), a first fan (3), a first air duct (4) and a second air duct (10), wherein the heat exchanger (1) is mounted on a liquid cooling radiator; the first fan (3) is arranged at a corner inside the cabinet (100) and is raised between the first layer and the second layer; the first air duct (4) is arranged between the inductor (2) and the power board (5); the second air duct (10) is arranged between the AC output board (11) and the control power board (13); both ends of the first air duct (4) and the second air duct (10) are respectively connected to the first fan (3) and the heat exchanger (1); the cold air blown out by the first fan (3) is concentratedly blown through the inductor (2) and the AC output board (11) via the first air duct (4) and the second air duct (10), and the hot air formed enters the heat exchanger (1), so that the internal circulation loss heat in the cabinet (100) is taken away through the heat exchanger (1).
3. The liquid-cooled converter according to claim 2, characterized in that: The heat exchanger assembly further comprises a second fan (8), a third air duct (14) and a fourth air duct (15); the second fan (8) is arranged at another corner inside the cabinet (100) opposite to the first fan (3) and is elevated to between the first and second layers; the third air duct (14) and the fourth air duct (15) are both arranged on one side of the cabinet (100), and the capacitor plate (9) is located in the third air duct (14) and the fourth air duct (15); both ends of the third air duct (14) and the fourth air duct (15) are respectively connected to the heat exchanger (1) and the second fan (8); the second fan (8) draws cold air from the outlet of the heat exchanger (1) through the third air duct (14) and the fourth air duct (15), and blows the cold air toward the DC filter board (6), the pre-charge circuit board (7) and the BMS board (12) to achieve internal circulation.
4. The liquid-cooled converter according to claim 3, characterized in that: The side of the AC output board (11) close to the capacitor board (9) is the input end, and the side of the AC output board (11) close to the first fan (3) is the output end. The input end is connected to the inductor (2), and the output end is connected to the output plug of the cabinet (100) through a copper busbar.
5. The liquid-cooled converter according to any one of claims 2 to 4, characterized in that: The heat exchanger (1) is welded to the liquid cooling radiator or connected via a pipeline.
6. The liquid-cooled converter according to any one of claims 2 to 4, characterized in that: The heat exchanger (1) is bonded to the liquid cooling radiator, and the bonding material is made of a heat-conducting material.