Swing demonstration device

Abstract

The utility model belongs to the technical field of science and education experiments, and particularly relates to a swing demonstration device which comprises a connecting base, a closed container assembly and a cooling assembly. The closed container assembly comprises a plurality of communicating guide pipes and two closed containers, the two closed containers are communicated through the communicating guide pipes to form a vacuum closed cavity structure, low-boiling-point working fluid is stored in the closed cavity structure, and the communicating guide pipes are rotationally connected with the connecting base. The communicating guide pipe alternately enters the two sealed containers to swing through the change of the flowing direction of the working fluid; the cooling assembly is provided with two low-temperature output ends, the two low-temperature output ends are in one-to-one correspondence with the two sealed containers, the low-temperature output ends are higher than the sealed containers, and the two low-temperature output ends alternately make contact with the corresponding sealed containers for cooling through swinging of the communicating guide pipes. The process of converting the low temperature difference energy into the mechanical energy can be simply and conveniently demonstrated through the experimental device, so that students can more clearly master and understand the physical principle.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model belongs to the technical field of science and education experiments, and particularly relates to a swing demonstration device. Background Art

[0002] Science and education experiments, short for science education experiments, are activities that combine scientific knowledge with educational practice. They aim to improve participants' scientific literacy and foster innovation and practical skills through experimentation, observation, and inquiry. They encompass multiple disciplines, including natural sciences like physics, chemistry, biology, and geography, as well as modern science and technology like computer science. Through hands-on demonstrations, science and education experiments can enhance knowledge acquisition and understanding, helping participants gain a deeper understanding of scientific concepts and principles. They can also cultivate skills and enhance experimental techniques. They can also foster data collection, analysis, and processing capabilities, enhance scientific thinking, and stimulate creativity and innovative thinking, encouraging participants to try new experimental methods and explore new scientific phenomena.

[0003] Using the saturated vapor pressure difference to convert low-level thermal energy in the environment into oscillating mechanical energy is a common experiment in physics. However, there is a relative lack of simple demonstration devices for such experiments. Most students are limited to theoretical concepts and find it difficult to clearly grasp and understand the physical principles involved. Summary of the Invention

[0004] In order to solve the problems existing in the prior art, the purpose of the present invention is to provide a swing demonstration device, which can enable students to more clearly grasp and understand the physical principle of using the saturated vapor pressure difference to simply convert low-level thermal energy in the environment into swinging mechanical energy through the combination of the demonstration process of the experimental device and the theoretical concept.

[0005] The technical solution of the utility model is:

[0006] A swing demonstration device, comprising:

[0007] Connect the base;

[0008] A sealed container assembly comprising two sealed containers and a plurality of communicating conduits, wherein the two sealed containers are connected via the plurality of communicating conduits to form a vacuum sealed chamber structure, wherein a low-boiling-point working fluid is stored in the sealed chamber structure, and wherein the communicating conduits are rotatably connected to the connecting base, and the communicating conduits alternately enter the two sealed containers by changing the flow direction of the working fluid, thereby swinging on the connecting base;

[0009] The cooling assembly has two low-temperature output ends with the same height, two low-temperature output ends correspond to two sealed containers, and the low-temperature output end is higher than the sealed container, and the two sealed containers are alternately contacted with the corresponding two low-temperature output ends through the swing of the communication conduit to realize the temperature difference between the two sealed containers.

[0010] Preferably, the cooling assembly comprises:

[0011] The water storage container stores a cooling liquid inside;

[0012] The fixed skeleton is fixed at the lower end of the water storage container, and the upper end is higher than the connection end of the communication conduit and the connection base;

[0013] Two shaping rods correspond to two sealed containers, and two shaping rods are fixed on the upper end of the fixed skeleton;

[0014] Two capillary liquid absorption layers correspond to two shaping rods, the upper end of the capillary liquid absorption layer is fixed on the shaping rod, and the lower end is attached to the fixed skeleton and extends into the water storage container to contact with the cooling liquid, and the capillary liquid absorption layer is used for contacting the corresponding sealed container.

[0015] Preferably, the sealed container is a pipe body with closed two ends.

[0016] Preferably, the shape of the capillary liquid absorption layer is matched with the external contour of the sealed container, and the capillary liquid absorption layer is completely attached when contacting with the sealed container.

[0017] Preferably, the capillary liquid absorption layer is a porous thin layer of water-absorbing cotton cloth.

[0018] Preferably, the distance from the connection end of the communication conduit and the connection base to the two sealed containers is the same.

[0019] Preferably, the external part of the capillary liquid absorption layer is provided with a heat insulation structure, and the heat insulation structure comprises:

[0020] The heat insulation sealed pipe is arranged along the height direction of the fixed skeleton and is fixed, and the lower end of the capillary liquid absorption layer is inserted into the heat insulation sealed pipe;

[0021] The sunshade plate is fixedly connected to the shaping rod and is used for shading the upper end of the capillary liquid absorption layer.

[0022] Preferably, the working liquid is dichloromethane, or ethanol, or methanol, or an ethanol aqueous solution, or a mixed solution of multiple low-boiling-point liquids.

[0023] Preferably, the sealed container is a thin-walled heat-conducting material.

[0024] Preferably, the outer side wall of the water storage container is coated with a heat insulation and cooling coating.

[0025] Compared with the prior art, the swing demonstration device has the following beneficial effects:

[0026] In the ambient temperature, the two low-temperature output ends in the cooling assembly are alternately contacted with the corresponding sealed containers, the heat on the sealed container contacted with the low-temperature output end is replaced, so that the surface temperature is reduced, thereby causing the pre-cooling rapid condensation of the saturation vapor pressure above the internal working liquid to drop, and the other sealed container is affected by the ambient temperature, such as sunlight and other factors, so that the temperature remains unchanged or increases, and the working liquid with low boiling point in the internal working liquid is quickly heated, so that the saturation vapor pressure above the working liquid is increased, thereby the two sealed containers generate a difference in the saturation vapor pressure through the temperature difference, that is, the saturation vapor pressure above the working liquid in the sealed container not cooled is greater than that in the sealed container cooled, so that in the vacuum sealed cavity structure formed by the two sealed containers and the connecting conduit, the working liquid with high saturation vapor pressure flows to the side with low saturation vapor pressure, and since the sealed container contacted with the low-temperature output end is at a high position, and the other sealed container is at a low position, the working liquid flows from the low position to the high position, and when the working liquid in the high position reaches a certain gravity, the high position sealed container swings down under the action of the gravitational potential energy, and the low position sealed container rises to contact with the corresponding low-temperature output end, so that the vapor pressure in the two sealed containers alternately changes, the connecting conduit reciprocates, and through the combination of the demonstration process and the theoretical concept of the experimental device, students can more clearly master and understand the physical principles. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0027] Figure 1 It is a structure front view schematic diagram in the utility model;

[0028] Figure 2 It is a A-A sectional view schematic diagram in the utility model;

[0029] Figure 3 It is a sealed container assembly front view schematic diagram in the utility model;

[0030] Figure 4 It is a sealed container assembly top view schematic diagram in the utility model;

[0031] Figure 5 It is a sealed container assembly structure front view schematic diagram of embodiment two in the utility model;

[0032] Figure 6 It is a schematic diagram of the whole structure of embodiment two in the utility model.

[0033] Explanation of reference signs:

[0034] 1, connecting base; 11, rack; 12, rotating part; 13, rotating shaft; 14, connecting member; 2, closed container assembly; 21, communication conduit; 22, sealed container; 23, working liquid; 3, cooling assembly; 31, water storage container; 32, fixed framework; 33, shaping rod; 34, capillary liquid absorption layer; 35, cooling liquid; 4, heat insulation sealed tube. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0035] In order to make the purpose, technical scheme and advantages of the utility model more clear, the following will be further described in detail in combination with the drawings and examples. It should be understood that the specific examples described herein are only used to explain the utility model, and are not used to limit the utility model.

[0036] Based on the examples in the utility model, all other examples obtained by those skilled in the art without creative labor belong to the protection scope of the utility model.

[0037] In addition, the technical schemes of various examples of the utility model can be combined with each other, but it must be based on that a person skilled in the art can realize, when the combination of technical schemes appears mutual contradiction or cannot be realized, it should be considered that the combination of technical schemes does not exist, and is not within the protection scope required by the utility model.

[0038] Referring to Figures 1 to 6 As shown in the figure, in order to make students more clearly master and understand the physical principle of converting low-level heat energy in the environment into swinging mechanical energy by using saturated vapor pressure difference through the combination of the demonstration process of the experimental device and the theoretical concept. The embodiment provides a swinging demonstration device, which comprises a connecting base 1, a closed container assembly 2 and a cooling assembly 3. Among them:

[0039] The connection base 1 includes a frame 11 and a rotating portion 12. The rotating portion 12 is rotatably connected to the frame 11 via a rotating shaft 13. The frame 11, serving as the integral support for the experimental device, possesses a certain weight to ensure the overall stability of the device. A connecting member 14 is fixed to the rotating portion 12. The sealed container assembly 2 includes multiple connecting conduits 21 and two sealed containers 22. The two sealed containers 22 are connected by the multiple connecting conduits 21 to form a vacuum-enclosed chamber structure. The multiple connecting conduits 21 are rotatably connected to the connection base 1 via the same rotating shaft. The closed chamber structure contains a low-boiling-point working fluid 23. The volume occupied by the working fluid 23 is smaller than the volume of any sealed container 22, ensuring that a certain amount of space remains above the working fluid 23 after it flows into the corresponding sealed container 22. The connecting conduits 21 are fixed to the rotating portion 12 via the connecting member 14, achieving a rotational connection with the frame 11. In actual use, the connecting conduits 21 alternately enter the two sealed containers 22 as the working fluid 23 changes its flow direction. And in order to improve the flow effect of the working fluid 23, as shown in the attached Figure 5 As shown, both ends of the connecting conduit 21 are provided with a curved portion extending to the sealed container 22, and the bending directions of the two curved portions are the same and both face the lower side of the sealed container 22. After the working fluid 23 enters different sealed containers 22, the sealed container 22 where the working fluid 23 is located moves downward due to the action of gravity, thereby realizing a certain range of swing of the connecting conduit 21 on the frame 11 through the alternating flow of the working fluid 23 in the two sealed containers 22; and in order to make the closed cavity structure match the saturated vapor pressure difference of the low boiling point characteristics of the working fluid 23 between the two sealed containers 22, the cooling component 3 is designed to have two low-temperature output ends, the two low-temperature output ends are located on the same side of the rotating shaft 13, the two low-temperature output ends correspond to the two sealed containers 22 one by one, and the low-temperature output ends are higher than the corresponding sealed containers 22. The two low-temperature output ends alternately contact with the corresponding sealed containers 22 through the swing of the connecting conduit 21 to implement cooling, thereby realizing a temperature difference between the two sealed containers 22.

[0040] See also Figure 2 and Figure 6As shown, further, in order to improve the experimental demonstration effect, the connecting conduit 21 is made to swing back and forth. The cooling component 3 includes a water storage container 31, a fixed frame 32, two shaping rods 33, and two capillary liquid absorption layers 34. The water storage container 31 stores a cooling liquid 35, preferably water at room temperature or liquid water below room temperature. The lower end of the fixed frame 32 is fixed to the water storage container 31, and the upper end is higher than the rotating shaft 13 and fixed to the two shaping rods 33. The two shaping rods 33 correspond one-to-one with the two sealed containers 22. The two capillary liquid absorption layers 34 correspond one-to-one with the two shaping rods 33. The upper end of the capillary liquid absorption layer 34 is fixed to the shaping rod 33, and the lower end is in contact with the fixed frame 32 and extends into the water storage container 31 to contact the cooling liquid 35. The capillary liquid absorption layer 34 is used to contact and cool the corresponding sealed container 22. Specifically, at the same ambient temperature, after the working fluid 23 is in one of the sealed containers 22, the sealed container 22 is transferred to the lower side of the other sealed container 22 under the action of gravity. At this time, the sealed container 22 at the higher position contacts the capillary liquid absorption layer 34 on the corresponding shaping rod 33. Since the capillary liquid absorption layer 34 can absorb the cooling liquid 35 in the water storage container 31, the capillary liquid absorption layer 34 will cool the sealed container 22, causing the saturated vapor pressure above the working fluid 23 inside it to drop. At this time, the saturated vapor pressure of the space above the working fluid 23 in the lower sealed container 22 is greater than the saturated vapor pressure of the higher sealed container 22, so that after absorbing the ambient temperature, the working fluid 23 in the lower sealed container 22 will flow into the higher sealed container 22 through the connecting conduit 21 under the action of the saturated vapor pressure. After the working fluid 23 in the higher sealed container 22 reaches a certain amount, it will rotate downward under the action of gravity, thereby causing the lower sealed container 22 to rise. The above process is repeated to achieve the reciprocating swing of the connecting conduit 21.

[0041] See also Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, to ensure a stable difference in saturated vapor pressure between the two sealed containers 22, the connecting conduit 21 is configured to oscillate continuously and stably. The sealed containers 22 are tubular bodies closed at both ends, and the shape of the capillary layer 34 matches the outer contour of the sealed containers 22, completely conforming to the contact surface between the capillary layer 34 and the sealed containers 22. By increasing the contact surface between the capillary layer 34 and the sealed containers 22, the cooling of the corresponding sealed containers 22 is further accelerated and the cooling effect is enhanced, thereby ensuring a stable temperature difference between the two sealed containers 22.

[0042] Furthermore, in order to ensure that the difference in saturated vapor pressure between the two sealed containers 22 is stable, the capillary liquid absorption layer 34 is designed to be a porous thin layer of absorbent cotton cloth, which can improve the liquid absorption effect of the capillary liquid absorption layer 34 and maintain the stability of cooling the sealed containers 22.

[0043] See alsoFigure 2 As shown, further, in order to improve the demonstration effect, the distance between the connecting end of the connecting conduit 21 and the connecting base 1 and the two sealed containers 22 is the same, that is, the distance between the rotating shaft 13 and the two sealed containers 22 is the same, that is, the two are symmetrically arranged about the axis of the rotating shaft 13, and the corresponding two forming rods 33 are also symmetrically arranged to ensure better cooperation with the sealed container 22. Therefore, by utilizing the symmetrical arrangement, the swing angle of the connecting conduit 21 during the test process can be effectively increased, and the weight potential energy of the rising working fluid 23 can be effectively converted into kinetic energy.

[0044] See also Figure 2 As shown, further, in order to ensure that the difference in saturated vapor pressure between the two sealed containers 22 is stable, an insulation structure is provided on the outside of the capillary absorption layer 34, and the insulation structure includes an insulation sealing tube 4 and a sunshade. The insulation sealing tube 4 is arranged along the height direction of the fixed frame 32 and the two are fixed. The lower end of the capillary absorption layer 34 is inserted into the insulation sealing tube 4; the sunshade (not shown in the figure) is fixed to the shaping rod 33 and is used to shade the upper end of the capillary absorption layer 34. The insulation sealing tube 4 and the sunshade are preferably made of glass fiber, asbestos, rock wool, silicate, etc. The use of the insulation sealing tube 4 and the sunshade can prevent the capillary absorption layer 34 from being irradiated and heated by external heat sources (such as sunlight), so that the surface temperature of the capillary absorption layer 34 remains relatively low.

[0045] Furthermore, in order to ensure that the difference in saturated vapor pressure between the two sealed containers 22 is large and the continuity of the swing of the connecting conduit 21 is ensured, the working fluid 23 is preferably dichloromethane, or ethanol, or methanol, or ethanol-water solution, or a mixed solution of multiple low-boiling-point liquids. For the mixed solution of low-boiling-point liquids, a small amount of low-boiling-point working fluid 23 having a density less than that of water and being insoluble in water can be combined with water, such as a small amount of ether solution and a large amount of water, or a small amount of butane and a large amount of water. This can greatly reduce the amount of low-boiling-point solution used, making it more economical and safer. When in use, when the sealed container is in an environment with an increased temperature, the working fluid 23 boils, which can quickly increase the saturated vapor pressure in the corresponding sealed container, thereby increasing the saturated vapor pressure difference between the two sealed containers and making the swing of the connecting conduit 21 more stable.

[0046] Furthermore, in order to ensure that the difference in saturated vapor pressure between the two sealed containers 22 is stable, the sealed container 22 is designed to be made of thin-walled heat-conducting material or a heat absorbing plate is added on the side of the sealed container 22 opposite to the shaping rod 33 to absorb energy from the external heat source.

[0047] Further, in order to ensure the difference of saturated vapor pressure between the two sealed containers 22 is stable, the outer side wall of the water storage container 31 can also be coated with a heat insulation cooling coating. The heat insulation cooling coating reflects sunlight and reduces surface temperature, which can reflect most of the sunlight and reduce the heat absorbed by the surface. For example, the heat insulation cooling coating can use a type of ZS-221 sun-proof heat insulation nano reflective coating.

[0048] Specifically, the working principle of the device is as follows:

[0049] When the lower end of the capillary liquid absorption layer 34 extends into the cooling liquid 35 in the water storage container 31, the part of the capillary liquid absorption layer 34 located on the shaped rod 33 is continuously wetted, and the upper surface thereof is exposed to the environment for natural evaporation. After the natural evaporation removes part of the heat, the surface temperature is lower than the ambient temperature. When the first sealed container 22 rotates to the lowest position under the gravity of the working liquid 23, the second sealed container 22 rotates to the highest position. At this time, the upper surface of the second sealed container 22 is in contact with and covered by the surface of the corresponding capillary liquid absorption layer 34. The temperature above the shell of the second sealed container 22 in contact with the surface of the capillary liquid absorption layer 34 decreases, resulting in a decrease in the saturated vapor pressure of the working liquid 23 inside the second sealed container 22. The saturated vapor pressure above the working liquid 23 in the first sealed container 22 in the environment is relatively high. At the same time, the first sealed container 22 in the environment is heated by solar energy or other external heat sources, and the working liquid 23 inside the first sealed container 22 boils, causing the saturated vapor pressure above the working liquid to rise rapidly. Under the action of the saturated vapor pressure difference, the working liquid 23 in the first sealed container 22 at the low position is introduced into the second sealed container 22 at the high position through the communication conduit 21. When the amount of working liquid 23 in the second sealed container 22 at the high position increases, the gravitational potential energy increases to a certain value, and the gravitational potential energy drives the second sealed container 22 to swing downward by a certain angle and then stop. The above process is repeated in sequence, so as to realize the reciprocating swing demonstration of the sealed container assembly 2 by utilizing the change of the saturated vapor pressure in the two sealed containers 22. Through the combination of the demonstration process of the experimental device and the theoretical concept, students can more clearly master and understand the physical principles involved.

[0050] In addition, the principle can also be used to connect conventional mechanical conversion devices or components at both ends of the rotating shaft 13, such as connecting one-way bearings, ratchet pawl structures to output single-direction intermittent rotation, drive small and micro experimental products to rotate and work, and also such as providing power for small and micro power toys and handicrafts through the kinetic energy of the back-and-forth swing of the sealed container 22. Multiple combinations can be applied, and relatively large power can be output. For example: the power of the alternating swing of the sealed container 22 can drive the compression rod of a toy compression pump through a connecting rod, and in a normal temperature environment, it can demonstrate that water at a low position is lifted to a high position through the compression pump, and it can demonstrate the piezoelectric effect by using the impulsive force of the downward swing of the sealed container 22 acting on a piezoelectric ceramic, and it can drive a lucky cat to swing without consuming electric energy, and it only needs to consume the natural evaporation of water.

[0051] Obviously, those skilled in the art can make various modifications and changes to the present application without departing from the spirit and scope of the present application. Thus, if these modifications and changes of the present application belong to the scope of the claims of the present application and its equivalent technologies, the present application also intends to include these modifications and changes.

Claims

1. A swing demonstration device, characterized in that: include: Connecting base (1); A sealed container assembly (2) comprises two sealed containers (22) and a plurality of communication conduits (21), wherein the two sealed containers (22) are connected via the plurality of communication conduits (21) to form a vacuum sealed cavity structure, wherein a low-boiling-point working fluid (23) is stored in the sealed cavity structure, and the communication conduits (21) are rotatably connected to the connection base (1), and the communication conduits (21) alternately enter the two sealed containers (22) by changing the flow direction of the working fluid (23), thereby swinging on the connection base (1); A cooling component (3) has two low-temperature output ends at the same height, the two low-temperature output ends corresponding to two sealed containers (22) one by one, and the low-temperature output ends are higher than the sealed containers (22). The two sealed containers (22) alternately contact with the corresponding two low-temperature output ends for cooling through the swing of the connecting conduit (21), thereby generating a temperature difference between the two sealed containers (22).

2. A swing demonstration device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The cooling component (3) comprises: A water storage container (31) storing a cooling liquid (35) therein; A fixed frame (32), the lower end of which is fixed to the water storage container (31), and the upper end of which is higher than the connection end between the connecting conduit (21) and the connection base (1); Two shaping rods (33) corresponding to the two sealed containers (22) one by one, and the two shaping rods (33) are fixed to the upper end of the fixed frame (32); Two capillary liquid absorption layers (34) correspond to the two shaping rods (33) one by one. The upper ends of the capillary liquid absorption layers (34) are fixed on the shaping rods (33), and the lower ends are attached to the fixed frame (32) and extend into the water storage container (31) to contact with the cooling liquid (35). The capillary liquid absorption layers (34) are used to contact and cool the corresponding sealed container (22).

3. A swing demonstration device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The sealed container (22) is a tube with both ends closed.

4. A swing demonstration device according to claim 2, characterized in that: The shape of the capillary liquid absorption layer (34) is adapted to the outer contour of the sealed container (22), and the capillary liquid absorption layer (34) is completely fitted to the sealed container (22) when in contact.

5. A swing demonstration device according to claim 2, characterized in that: The capillary liquid absorption layer (34) is a porous thin layer of water-absorbing cotton cloth.

6. A swing demonstration device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The distances between the connecting end of the connecting conduit (21) and the connecting base (1) and the two sealed containers (22) are the same.

7. A swing demonstration device according to claim 1, characterized in that: A heat insulation structure is provided outside the capillary liquid absorption layer (34), and the heat insulation structure comprises: A heat-insulating sealed tube (4) is arranged along the height direction of the fixed frame (32) and the two are fixed, and the lower end of the capillary liquid absorption layer (34) is inserted into the heat-insulating sealed tube (4); A sunshade is fixedly connected to the shaping rod (33) and is used to shade the upper end of the capillary liquid absorption layer (34).

8. The swing demonstration device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The working liquid (23) is dichloromethane, or ethanol, or methanol, or ethanol water solution, or a mixed solution of multiple low-boiling point liquids.

9. The swing demonstration device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The sealed container (22) is made of a thin-walled heat-conducting material.

10. The swing demonstration device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The outer side wall of the water storage container (31) is coated with a heat-insulating and cooling coating.

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