Polishing device and additive manufacturing equipment

Abstract

The utility model belongs to the field of additive manufacturing, and relates to a polishing device and additive manufacturing equipment, the polishing device comprises a connecting plate, a floating mechanism and a polishing mechanism; the polishing mechanism is arranged on the connecting plate through the floating mechanism; the floating mechanism drives the polishing mechanism to move in the axial direction of the floating mechanism. The utility model provides the polishing device which is convenient to remove and can ensure smooth printing and the additive manufacturing equipment.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The utility model belongs to the field of additive manufacturing, and relates to a polishing device and additive manufacturing equipment, in particular to a polishing device and additive manufacturing equipment for arc forming oxide layers. BACKGROUND

[0002] Wire Arc Additive Manfacture (WAAM) is a process of forming a three-dimensional entity part by using an electric arc as a forming heat source, melting a metal wire, and accumulating each layer according to a set forming path. During the arc forming process, some formed materials are prone to form an oxide layer with high hardness and insulation on the surface of the part, which affects the subsequent arc striking. For example, the Cr-containing oxide layer formed on the surface of the part after the melting and solidification of the chromium (Cr) with a high content in stainless steel has high hardness and insulation, and isolates the positive and negative poles of the power supply, resulting in arc striking failure. In order to remove the above-mentioned oxide layer, manual polishing, welding wire friction arc striking, and constant force polishing can be used. However, manual polishing and welding wire friction arc striking require a lot of manpower and material resources, and constant force polishing requires a matching sensor and other equipment, which is high in cost. SUMMARY

[0003] In order to solve the above technical problems in the background art, the utility model provides a polishing device and additive manufacturing equipment with simple structure and low cost.

[0004] In order to achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the utility model adopts the following technical scheme:

[0005] A polishing device, characterized in that: the polishing device comprises a connecting plate, a floating mechanism, and a polishing mechanism; the polishing mechanism is arranged on the connecting plate through the floating mechanism; the floating mechanism drives the polishing mechanism to move along the axial direction of the floating mechanism.

[0006] The floating mechanism comprises a sliding shaft, an upper floating spring, and a lower floating spring; the sliding shaft is arranged on the connecting plate; the upper floating spring, the polishing mechanism, and the lower floating spring are arranged in sequence from top to bottom on the sliding shaft and move along the axial direction of the sliding shaft; preferably, the spring coefficient of the lower floating spring is greater than the spring coefficient of the upper floating spring.

[0007] The floating mechanism further comprises an upper spring fixing plate and a lower spring fixing plate; the upper floating spring is arranged on the sliding shaft through the upper spring fixing plate; the lower floating spring is arranged on the sliding shaft through the lower spring fixing plate; the sliding shaft is connected with the connecting plate through the lower spring fixing plate.

[0008] The floating mechanism further comprises an adjusting screw and a spring adjusting plate; the spring adjusting plate is arranged between the upper spring fixing plate and the upper floating spring; the adjusting screw penetrates the upper spring fixing plate along the axial direction of the sliding shaft and is pressed on the spring adjusting plate.

[0009] The floating mechanism further comprises a sliding bushing sleeved on the sliding shaft; the spring adjusting plate is movably arranged on the sliding shaft through the sliding bushing and moves along the axial direction of the sliding shaft.

[0010] The floating mechanism further comprises a stroke cylinder; the connecting plate is connected with the lower spring fixing plate through the stroke cylinder; the axial direction of the stroke cylinder is parallel to the axial direction of the sliding shaft; the stroke cylinder drives the sliding shaft to move along the axial direction of the stroke cylinder through the lower spring fixing plate.

[0011] The polishing mechanism comprises a motor, a polishing head, a clamping sleeve, a linear bearing and a motor connecting piece; the upper floating spring, the linear bearing and the lower floating spring are sequentially arranged on the sliding shaft from top to bottom and move along the axial direction of the sliding shaft; the motor is arranged on the linear bearing through the motor connecting piece; the polishing head is arranged on the motor through the clamping sleeve; the motor drives the polishing head to rotate around the axial direction of the polishing head.

[0012] The motor connecting piece comprises a motor mounting plate and a motor holding seat; the motor holding seat surrounds the motor and moves along the axial direction of the motor; the motor holding seat is arranged on the linear bearing through the motor mounting plate.

[0013] An additive manufacturing equipment based on the polishing device, characterized in that: the additive manufacturing equipment comprises a robot, a welding gun and the polishing device; the welding gun and the polishing device are adjustably arranged on the robot; when the additive manufacturing equipment works, the polishing point of the polishing device is the same as the arc starting point of the welding gun.

[0014] The polishing device has the advantages that:

[0015] The polishing device comprises a connecting plate, a floating mechanism and a polishing mechanism; the polishing mechanism is arranged on the connecting plate through the floating mechanism; the floating mechanism drives the polishing mechanism to move along the axial direction of the floating mechanism. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0016] Figure 1 is the overall structure schematic view of the polishing device provided by the utility model;

[0017] Figure 2 is the front view structure schematic view of the polishing device provided by the utility model;

[0018] Figure 3 is a schematic view of the additive manufacturing equipment provided by the utility model in use;

[0019] Figure 4 is a schematic view of the utility model with the frame normal method polishing;

[0020] Figure 5 is a schematic view of the utility model with the annular area method polishing;

[0021] Among them:

[0022] 1-connection plate;2-traveling cylinder;3-temperature sensor;4-upper spring fixing plate;5-sliding bushing;6-spring adjusting plate;7-motor holder;8-motor;9-upper floating spring;10-motor mounting plate;11-lower floating spring;12-lower spring fixing plate;13-jacket;14-polishing head;15-sliding shaft;16-linear bearing;17-robot;18-welding gun;19-pieces to be processed;20-to;21-to be arc starting point;22-adjusting screw. Specific implementation

[0023] Referring to Figure 1 and Figure 2 , the utility model provides a kind of polishing device, including connection plate 1, floating mechanism and polishing mechanism;Polishing mechanism is set on connection plate 1 by floating mechanism;Floating mechanism drives polishing mechanism to move along the axial direction where floating mechanism is located.The utility model provides Z axis floating to polishing mechanism by floating mechanism, improves the working range of polishing mechanism, improves work efficiency.The polishing device provided by the utility model can be polished to object surface by the floating of Z axis, especially to the arc starting point formed by electric arc, especially to the arc starting point formed by electric arc, and forms active type polishing mechanism.In addition, it can also be combined with force sensor and PLC control device, and form active type polishing mechanism.Whether passive type polishing mechanism or active type polishing mechanism, the core content of the polishing device provided by the utility model is unchanged.

[0024] Referring to Figure 1 and Figure 2The utility model provides a floating mechanism, including sliding shaft 15, upper floating spring 9 and lower floating spring 11, sliding shaft 15 sets up on connecting plate 1, upper floating spring 9, polishing mechanism and lower floating spring 11 are sequentially arranged on sliding shaft 15 from top to bottom and move along the axial movement of sliding shaft 15, preferably, the spring coefficient of lower floating spring 11 is greater than the spring coefficient of upper floating spring 9.

[0025] In order to firmly fix upper floating spring 9 and lower floating spring 11 on sliding shaft 15, and also limit upper floating spring 9 and lower floating spring 11, the floating mechanism further comprises upper spring fixing plate 4 and lower spring fixing plate 12; upper floating spring 9 is arranged on sliding shaft 15 through upper spring fixing plate 4; lower floating spring 11 is arranged on sliding shaft 15 through lower spring fixing plate 12; sliding shaft 15 is connected with connecting plate 1 through lower spring fixing plate 12.

[0026] In order to adjust the relative position between upper floating spring 9 and lower floating spring 11, or adjust the downward (i.e. close to lower floating spring 11) elastic force provided by upper floating spring 9 to polishing mechanism, referring to Figure 1 The floating mechanism further comprises adjusting screw 22 and spring adjusting plate 6; spring adjusting plate 6 is arranged between upper spring fixing plate 4 and upper floating spring 9; adjusting screw 22 penetrates through upper spring fixing plate 4 along the axial direction of sliding shaft 15 and presses on spring adjusting plate 6. When adjusting screw 22 is screwed, adjusting screw 22 drives spring adjusting plate 6 to press upper floating spring 9 to move downward (i.e. close to lower floating spring 11) along the axial direction of sliding shaft 15. The relative position with lower floating spring 11 or the pre-tightening force is adjusted. Through the arrangement of upper and lower floating springs, the floating allowance and polishing force range can be adjusted to ensure the polishing effect. Figure 1In order to facilitate the downward movement of the spring adjustment plate 6 along the axial direction of the sliding shaft 15, the floating mechanism provided by the present invention also includes a sliding bushing 5 mounted on the sliding shaft 15; the spring adjustment plate 6 is movably arranged on the sliding shaft 15 through the sliding bushing 5 and moves along the axial direction of the sliding shaft 15.

[0027] See also Figure 1 as well as Figure 2 The floating mechanism provided by the present invention also includes a stroke cylinder 2; the connecting plate 1 is connected to the lower spring fixing plate 12 via the stroke cylinder 2; the axial direction of the stroke cylinder 2 is parallel to the axial direction of the sliding shaft 15; the stroke cylinder 2 drives the sliding shaft 15 to move along the axial direction of the stroke cylinder 2 via the lower spring fixing plate 12. Because the axial direction of the stroke cylinder 2 is parallel to the axial direction of the sliding shaft 15, when the free end of the stroke cylinder 2 (connected to the lower spring fixing plate 12) is extended, the grinding mechanism is driven to move along the axial direction of the stroke cylinder 2 via the lower spring fixing plate 12 and the sliding shaft 15. For example, the movement mode can be fine-tuning or floating, realizing the second movement adjustment of the grinding mechanism along the Z axis.

[0028] See also Figure 1 as well as Figure 2 The grinding mechanism used in the present invention includes a motor 8, a grinding head 14, a sleeve 13, a linear bearing 16 and a motor connector; the upper floating spring 9, the linear bearing 16 and the lower floating spring 11 are sequentially arranged on the sliding shaft 15 from top to bottom and move along the axial direction of the sliding shaft 15; the motor 8 is arranged on the linear bearing 16 through the motor connector; the grinding head 14 is arranged on the motor 8 through the sleeve 13; the motor 8 drives the grinding head 14 to rotate around the axis of the grinding head 14. The motor 8 can be a pneumatic motor with higher stability, no heat and no burnout. It should also be noted that the present invention does not limit the material and type of the grinding head 14. For example, the grinding head 14 can be a diamond grinding head, an alloy grinding head, a ceramic grinding head, etc.; the grinding head 14 can also be a grinding wheel grinding head, an electroplated grinding head, etc. If the grinding head 14 is a grinding wheel grinding head, the grinding area of ​​the side grinding is large and the life of the grinding head is longer.

[0029] Exemplarily, the motor connector includes a motor mounting plate 10 and a motor holder 7. The motor holder 7 surrounds the motor 8 and moves axially along the motor 8. The motor holder 7 is mounted on a linear bearing 16 via the motor mounting plate 10. Because the motor holder 7 can move axially along the motor 8, adjusting the relative position of the motor holder 7 can achieve a third movement adjustment of the grinding mechanism, particularly the grinding head 14, along the Z-axis.

[0030] The polishing device polishes the oxide layer through the floating mechanism and the electric polishing mechanism, has simple structure and convenient operation, does not need to use the pressure detection device with high cost, and does not need to invest large manpower or frequently replace the conductive nozzle, so that the cost can be effectively reduced. Meanwhile, after the oxide layer is removed, the subsequent arc starting failure can be avoided, and the printing efficiency is improved.

[0031] Based on the foregoing, see Figure 3 The utility model discloses still provide a kind of additive manufacturing equipment based on the polishing device formed, and the additive manufacturing equipment includes robot 17, welding torch 18 and as previously described polishing device;Welding torch 18 and polishing device can be adjusted and are arranged on robot 17;Additive manufacturing equipment when working, the polishing point 20 of polishing device and the arc starting point 21 of welding torch 18 are identical.Exemplarily, robot 17 can be existing conventional six-axis robot or mechanical arm.In use, especially before welding torch 18 carries out arc starting, first polish (motor 8 drives polishing head 14 to rotate at polishing point 20, realizes the polishing of polishing point 20) at arc starting point 21 by polishing device, because of the use of floating mechanism, when polishing head 14 and polishing point 20 contact and generate certain interference, at this time, motor floats upwards, under the limit or constraint of floating mechanism, prompting motor 8 is always in a balanced position, can facilitate the up-and-down floating of polishing head 14, can effectively improve the working efficiency of polishing head 14, complete the removal or polishing of oxide layer, after removing the oxide layer on the surface of arc starting point 21, switch the position of welding torch 18 and polishing device, and arc starting is carried out on arc starting point 21, and corresponding additive manufacturing is completed.

[0032] The utility model in specific polishing, the polishing mode is completed based on as previously described polishing device or based on as previously described additive manufacturing equipment is completed;Specifically including the following steps:

[0033] 1) before arc starting forming, based on arc starting point 21 determines polishing area, and polishing area covers arc starting point 21;Wherein, the way of determining polishing area based on arc starting point 21 in step 1) includes normal method or ring method;Normal method is that polishing head 14 of polishing device is moved to the area outside the part 19 or base material from arc starting point 21 along normal direction and determines as polishing area;Ring method is that the area with arc starting point 21 as center and 1.5-2.5 times length of polishing head 14 diameter as radius determines as polishing area.

[0034] 2) polishing area is polished using polishing device, because arc starting point 21 is generally undulating, to improve polishing arc starting rate, therefore, the utility model is polished when, adopt as follows:

[0035] When normal method is used to determine polishing area, step 2) is specifically polished: seeFigure 4 The polishing head 14 of the polishing device is moved from the to-be-arc-starting point 21 to outside the workpiece 19 or the base material along the normal direction to complete polishing, a larger polishing area is formed, and the arc-starting rate is improved; in particular, the polishing head 14 is moved to outside the workpiece 19 or the base material along the normal direction at a gradually reduced Z-axis height to complete polishing.

[0036] When the to-be-polished area is determined by the ring method, the polishing in step 2 is specifically as follows: Figure 5 The polishing device is used to move along the point in the to-be-polished area, and the polishing is completed after the to-be-polished area is traversed, so that the arc-starting area is covered and the arc-starting rate is improved.

[0037] It should be noted that the polishing process provided by the utility model is completed based on the additive manufacturing equipment as shown in Figure 3 Before step 1), the polishing process further includes the following steps:

[0038] 0) The additive manufacturing equipment is preset, and the specific implementation manner of the preset is as follows:

[0039] 0.1) A rectangular coordinate system is constructed with the plane perpendicular to the welding gun as the X-Y plane;

[0040] 0.2) The to-be-arc-starting point 21 of the welding gun 18 is calibrated in the rectangular coordinate system;

[0041] 0.3) The robot 17 is moved in the X-Y plane, so that the polishing head 14 of the polishing device is aligned with the to-be-arc-starting point 21;

[0042] 0.4) The height of the polishing device is adjusted along the Z axis, so that the polishing head 14 is in contact with the to-be-arc-starting point 21, and the position of the polishing head 14 in the X-Y plane is calibrated; preferably, the polishing head 14 is in contact with the to-be-arc-starting point 21 and a compression amount of 5-20 mm is generated when the polishing head 14 is aligned with the to-be-arc-starting point 21;

[0043] 0.5) The calibration of the polishing head 14 is completed according to the positional relationship of the polishing head 14 before and after calibration, and the preset of the additive manufacturing equipment is completed.

Claims

1. A grinding device, characterized in that: The grinding device comprises a connecting plate (1), a floating mechanism, and a grinding mechanism; the grinding mechanism is arranged on the connecting plate (1) via the floating mechanism; the floating mechanism drives the grinding mechanism to move along the axial direction of the floating mechanism; The floating mechanism comprises a sliding shaft (15), an upper floating spring (9) and a lower floating spring (11); the sliding shaft (15) is arranged on the connecting plate (1); the upper floating spring (9), the grinding mechanism and the lower floating spring (11) are arranged on the sliding shaft (15) in sequence from top to bottom and move along the axial direction of the sliding shaft (15).

2. The grinding device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The spring coefficient of the lower floating spring (11) is greater than the spring coefficient of the upper floating spring (9).

3. The grinding device according to claim 2, characterized in that: The floating mechanism further comprises an upper spring fixing plate (4) and a lower spring fixing plate (12); the upper floating spring (9) is arranged on the sliding shaft (15) via the upper spring fixing plate (4); the lower floating spring (11) is arranged on the sliding shaft (15) via the lower spring fixing plate (12); and the sliding shaft (15) is connected to the connecting plate (1) via the lower spring fixing plate (12).

4. The grinding device according to claim 3, characterized in that: The floating mechanism further comprises an adjusting screw (22) and a spring adjusting plate (6); the spring adjusting plate (6) is placed between the upper spring fixing plate (4) and the upper floating spring (9); the adjusting screw (22) penetrates the upper spring fixing plate (4) along the axial direction of the sliding shaft (15) and is pressed onto the spring adjusting plate (6).

5. The grinding device according to claim 4, characterized in that: The floating mechanism further comprises a sliding bushing (5) sleeved on the sliding shaft (15); the spring adjustment plate (6) is movably arranged on the sliding shaft (15) through the sliding bushing (5) and moves along the axial direction of the sliding shaft (15).

6. The grinding device according to claim 5, characterized in that: The floating mechanism also includes a stroke cylinder (2); the connecting plate (1) is connected to the lower spring fixing plate (12) via the stroke cylinder (2); the axial direction of the stroke cylinder (2) is parallel to the axial direction of the sliding shaft (15); the stroke cylinder (2) drives the sliding shaft (15) to move along the axial direction of the stroke cylinder (2) via the lower spring fixing plate (12).

7. The grinding device according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that: The grinding mechanism includes a motor (8), a grinding head (14), a sleeve (13), a linear bearing (16) and a motor connector; the upper floating spring (9), the linear bearing (16) and the lower floating spring (11) are arranged on the sliding shaft (15) in sequence from top to bottom and move along the axial direction of the sliding shaft (15); the motor (8) is arranged on the linear bearing (16) through the motor connector; the grinding head (14) is arranged on the motor (8) through the sleeve (13); the motor (8) drives the grinding head (14) to rotate around the axial direction of the grinding head (14).

8. The grinding device according to claim 7, characterized in that: The motor connecting member includes a motor mounting plate (10) and a motor holder (7); the motor holder (7) surrounds the motor (8) and moves along the axial direction of the motor (8); the motor holder (7) is arranged on a linear bearing (16) through the motor mounting plate (10).

9. An additive manufacturing device based on the grinding device according to any one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that: The additive manufacturing equipment includes a robot (17), a welding gun (18) and a grinding device as described in any one of claims 1 to 8; the welding gun (18) and the grinding device can be adjustably arranged on the robot (17); when the additive manufacturing equipment is working, the point to be ground (20) of the grinding device is the same as the point to be struck (21) of the welding gun (18).

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