Ultrasonic turning tool and ultrasonic machining equipment comprising same

Abstract

The utility model relates to an ultrasonic turning tool and ultrasonic machining equipment thereof. The ultrasonic turning tool comprises a tool, an amplitude-change pole and a transducer which are sequentially connected from the tip end to the near end, the transducer comprises a plurality of piezoelectric ceramic components and a plurality of electrode plates which are arranged in the longitudinal direction of the transducer, and the piezoelectric ceramic components correspond to the electrode plates in a one-to-one mode. Wherein the plurality of piezoelectric ceramic components and the excitation power supply at least comprise two groups of the following elements: the first group is configured in a way that the first piezoelectric ceramic component drives the amplitude-change pole to do linear motion along the longitudinal direction under the excitation of the corresponding excitation end on the excitation power supply; the second group is configured to enable the amplitude-change pole to perform bending vibration in the longitudinal direction through the second piezoelectric ceramic component; the third group is configured in a way that the third piezoelectric ceramic component promotes the amplitude-change pole to perform torsional motion in the longitudinal direction; the phase difference of any two of the first phase, the second phase and the third phase ranges from 0 degree to 180 degrees. The ultrasonic machining equipment comprises the ultrasonic turning tool.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of machine tools, in particular to an ultrasonic turning tool and an ultrasonic machining device comprising the same. BACKGROUND

[0002] The ultrasonic cutting tool is currently widely used in the 3C industry, aerospace industry, stainless steel rapid cutting (such as turning), composite material, high-temperature alloy and other material cutting tasks, because if the traditional turning machining process is used to machine these materials, it will cause the process to be complicated, low work efficiency and other problems. The existing ultrasonic turning tool generally vibrates in a single direction, which may require multiple transducers, which may interfere with the machine tool, and cannot maximize the best surface quality and the longest tool life. In contrast, using ultrasonic elliptical vibration to machine the above-mentioned materials can solve the problems of workpiece surface quality, tool life, CT (machining), cutting heat accumulation and other problems in the turning process. CONTENT OF THE UTILITY MODEL

[0003] In order to overcome the problems of the prior art, the first aspect of the present application proposes an ultrasonic turning tool, comprising a tool, a horn and a transducer connected in order from the tip end to the proximal end, the transducer comprising a plurality of piezoelectric ceramic members arranged along its longitudinal direction and a plurality of electrode sheets, wherein the piezoelectric ceramic members and the electrode sheets form a one-to-one correspondence relationship, and in each pair, each electrode sheet is arranged at the proximal end of each piezoelectric ceramic member; the electrode sheet comprises odd-numbered electrode sheets and even-numbered electrode sheets arranged in order from the tip end to the proximal end, wherein the even-numbered electrode sheets are configured to be connected in parallel and then electrically connected to the negative port of an excitation power supply, the odd-numbered electrode sheets are configured to be electrically connected to the corresponding excitation end of the excitation power supply, and wherein a plurality of piezoelectric ceramic members and the excitation power supply are configured to be composed of a combination of at least two groups of the following elements:

[0004] The first piezoelectric ceramic member and the first excitation end having a first phase are configured such that the first piezoelectric ceramic member causes the vibration type of the horn to be longitudinal vibration under the excitation of the first excitation end;

[0005] The second piezoelectric ceramic member and the second excitation end having a second phase are configured such that the second piezoelectric ceramic member causes the vibration type of the horn to be bending vibration under the excitation of the second excitation end;

[0006] The third piezoelectric ceramic member and the third excitation end having a third phase are configured such that the third piezoelectric ceramic member causes the vibration type of the horn to be torsional vibration under the excitation of the third excitation end; and

[0007] Any two of the first phase, the second phase and the third phase have a phase difference ranging from 0° to 180°.

[0008] In one embodiment, the first piezoelectric ceramic member, the second piezoelectric ceramic member and the third piezoelectric ceramic member are all circular rings, and the first piezoelectric ceramic member and the second piezoelectric ceramic member are single circular rings.

[0009] In another embodiment, the electrode sheet has 6 or more even-numbered electrode sheets, and when the first, second or third piezoelectric ceramic member applied is more than 4 even-numbered blocks, the odd-numbered electrode sheets paired with them are configured in parallel and connected with the corresponding first, second or third excitation end; the piezoelectric ceramic members on both sides of any odd-numbered electrode sheet are the same kind of the first, second or third piezoelectric ceramic member, and the piezoelectric ceramic members on both sides of any even-numbered electrode sheet are the same kind or different kind of the first, second or third piezoelectric ceramic member.

[0010] In still another embodiment, the first polarization direction of the first piezoelectric ceramic member is arranged to point to the tip or the proximal end along the longitudinal direction.

[0011] In still another embodiment, the second piezoelectric ceramic member has a first part and a second part divided along its radial direction, and the first part and the second part of adjacent two second piezoelectric ceramic members are arranged opposite to each other; and

[0012] The second polarization direction of the second piezoelectric ceramic member is arranged to point to the tip or the proximal end along the longitudinal direction, and the polarization directions of the first part and the second part are opposite.

[0013] In still another embodiment, the third piezoelectric ceramic member is an integral ring-shaped piezoelectric ceramic member composed of a plurality of fan-shaped piezoelectric ceramic pieces, the fan-shaped piezoelectric ceramic pieces are polarized along the circumferential direction, and the polarization directions of each of the fan-shaped piezoelectric ceramic pieces are the same, so that the third polarization direction of the third piezoelectric ceramic member is arranged to have a clockwise direction or a counterclockwise direction along its circumferential direction.

[0014] In still another embodiment, the transducer has a transducer shell, the tip end of the transducer shell is connected with the amplitude transformer through a flange, and the proximal end of the transducer shell is provided with a wire channel connected with a sealing joint and provided for a wire to pass through.

[0015] In addition, the second aspect of the present application proposes an ultrasonic machining device, comprising a clamping device, a driving device and an ultrasonic turning tool according to the first aspect, the clamping device is configured to clamp the ultrasonic turning tool, and the driving device is configured to drive the ultrasonic turning tool to move.

[0016] Through the above configuration, the ultrasonic turning tool can cut the workpiece along the preset trace (for example, an elliptical trace), reduce the contact time between the tool tip and the workpiece, thereby avoiding the accumulation of chips and reducing the heat generated by cutting, thereby prolonging the tool life of the ultrasonic turning tool. On the other hand, the ultrasonic turning tool machines the surface of the workpiece along the preset trace, avoiding the accumulation of chip heat, which means that the machining speed and even the work efficiency of the ultrasonic turning tool can be improved, and the cutting pattern is more uniform than that in a single direction, thereby reducing the generation of chip lumps and improving the surface quality of the processed workpiece. In addition, the ultrasonic turning tool of the present application is only provided with a single transducer, which reduces the size of the ultrasonic turning tool, and the single transducer is convenient to install on the cutter head, so as to install a wireless transmission device on the side surface to realize automatic tool changing of the automatic ultrasonic turning tool, so that the ultrasonic machining equipment can be applied to various working task scenes. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0017] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application, the drawings needed in the embodiment description will be briefly introduced. Obviously, the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present application, and other drawings can be obtained by those skilled in the art without creative labor.

[0018] Figure 1a and 1b respectively show the perspective view and the exploded view of the ultrasonic turning tool according to the embodiments of the present application;

[0019] Figure 2 show the perspective view of the first piezoelectric ceramic component according to the embodiments of the present application; Figure 1b show the partial perspective view of the transducer, wherein the transducer shell is moved away for clear display;

[0020] Figure 3 show the perspective view of the first piezoelectric ceramic component according to the embodiments of the present application;

[0021] Figure 4 show the perspective view of the second piezoelectric ceramic component according to the embodiments of the present application; and

[0022] Figure 5 show the perspective view of the third piezoelectric ceramic component according to the embodiments of the present application.

[0023] LIST OF REFERENCE NUMERALS:

[0024] 100 - ultrasonic tool; 101 - tool; 102 - horn; 103 - hermetic joint; 110 - transducer; 111 - transducer housing; 112 - piezoelectric ceramic member; 112a - first piezoelectric ceramic member; 112b - second piezoelectric ceramic member; 112b-1 - first part; 112b-2 - second part; 112c - third piezoelectric ceramic member; 112c' - sector piezoelectric ceramic sheet; 113 - electrode sheet; L - longitudinal direction; E1 - first electric field; P1 - first polarization direction; P2 - second polarization direction; P3 - third polarization direction; P4 - fourth polarization direction. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0025] In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present application clearer, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application will be described clearly and completely below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present application. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present application, rather than all the embodiments. Based on the embodiments in the present application, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative work fall within the scope of protection of the present application.

[0026] In the description of the present application, it should be understood that the orientation or positional relationship indicated by the terms "X-axis", "Y-axis", "Z-axis", "vertical", "parallel", "up", "down", "front", "back", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer" and the like is based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings, and is only for the convenience of describing the present application and simplifying the description, and does not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a particular orientation, be constructed and operated in a particular orientation, and therefore cannot be understood as a limitation on the present application. In addition, the terms "first", "second" are only for the purpose of description, and cannot be understood as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of the technical features indicated. Therefore, the features defined as "first", "second" can explicitly or implicitly include one or more of the features. In the description of the present application, unless otherwise specified, the meaning of "a plurality of" is two or more.

[0027] In the description of the present application, it should be noted that, unless otherwise specified and limited, the terms "mounting", "connecting", "connection" should be understood broadly, for example, it can be fixed connection, or detachable connection, or integrally connected; it can be mechanical connection, or electrical connection; it can be directly connected, or indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, or the communication inside two elements. For those of ordinary skill in the art, the specific meaning of the above terms in the present application can be understood according to the specific circumstances.

[0028] Reference Figure 1a and 1b, which respectively show a perspective view and an exploded view of an ultrasonic turning tool according to an embodiment of the present application. The ultrasonic turning tool 100 comprises a tool 101, a horn 102, and a transducer 110, connected sequentially from the distal end to the proximal end. The transducer 110 comprises several piezoelectric ceramic components 112, several electrode pads 113, and a transducer housing 111.

[0029] Further, refer to Figure 2 , which shows Figure 1b A partial perspective view of the transducer 110 shown. In some embodiments, the transducer housing 111 can be directly clamped by a clamp on a machine tool. In other embodiments, the outer side of the transducer housing 111 is provided with a clamping portion (not shown) protruding from its outer side wall so that it can be clamped by a clamping device of an ultrasonic machining device. In this embodiment, the proximal end of the horn is provided with a flange, and accordingly, the tip of the transducer housing 111 is configured to complement the shape of the flange of the horn so that the transducer housing 111 and the horn are connected to each other. Preferably, the proximal end of the transducer housing 111 is provided with an opening (not shown), and the sealing joint 103 is connected to the opening, thereby forming a wire channel for wiring. Additionally or alternatively, the outer side wall of the transducer housing 111 can also be provided with another wire channel (not shown) for connecting to a wireless transmission device so that the wireless transmission device transmits electrical energy to the electrode sheet 113 in the transducer.

[0030] Continue to refer to Figure 2The transducer housing 111 cooperates with the flange of the horn 102 and the sealing joint 103, and by means of the corresponding sealing ring, encapsulates a plurality of piezoelectric ceramic members 112 and a plurality of electrode tabs 113, one-to-one. In one embodiment provided in the present application, there are eight piezoelectric ceramic members 112 and eight electrode tabs 113 respectively located at the proximal end of each piezoelectric ceramic member 112, arranged between the sealing joint 103 and the flange in the longitudinal direction L of the ultrasonic tool bit 100. In order to ensure that the ultrasonic tool bit 100 can run along a predetermined trace (for example, an elliptical trace) to perform cutting on a workpiece, it is required that the combination of the plurality of piezoelectric ceramic members 112 and the plurality of electrode tabs 113 can enable the tool 101 and the horn 102 to move in more than one dimension. For ease of description, the plurality of piezoelectric ceramic members 112 and the plurality of electrode tabs 113 are arranged in the longitudinal direction L from the tip end to the proximal end, and thus in order (in the longitudinal direction) are the first piezoelectric ceramic member 112, the first electrode tab 113, the second piezoelectric ceramic member 112, the second electrode tab 113, the third piezoelectric ceramic member 112, the third electrode tab 113, the fourth piezoelectric ceramic member 112, the fourth electrode tab 113, the fifth piezoelectric ceramic member 112, the fifth electrode tab 113, the sixth piezoelectric ceramic member 112, the sixth electrode tab 113, the seventh piezoelectric ceramic member 112, the seventh electrode tab 113, the eighth piezoelectric ceramic member 112, and the eighth electrode tab 113.

[0031] In order to apply an electric field to the piezoelectric ceramic members on both sides of the electrode tabs 113, all the electrode tabs 113 are electrically connected to the excitation power supply so as to exhibit the required polarity when the excitation power supply is operated to a specific electrical phase. In the present embodiment, all the even-numbered electrode tabs, i.e. (in the longitudinal direction) the second, fourth, sixth and eighth electrode tabs 113, are connected in parallel to ground or to the negative port of the excitation power supply, while the odd-numbered electrode tabs, i.e. (in the longitudinal direction) the first, third, fifth and seventh electrode tabs 113, are electrically connected to the corresponding excitation ports of the excitation power supply.

[0032] In the embodiments provided in the present application, the transducer 110 further comprises a screw rod, the electrode pieces 113 and the piezoelectric ceramic members 112 are arranged on the screw rod in the transducer 110 in a spaced manner, the last piezoelectric ceramic member 112 close to the proximal end directly abuts the screw cap on the screw rod, and the tip of the screw rod is connected to the proximal end of the amplitude horn 102. When the transducer 110 is connected to the ultrasonic generator as the excitation power supply, the screw rod, the amplitude horn 102 and the transducer shell 111 can all be grounded or have a low voltage difference, thereby avoiding the risk of electric shock when the user touches the turning tool. On the basis of the foregoing, the electrode piece 113 can also be arranged at the tip of the transducer, that is, the electrode piece 113 is arranged between the piezoelectric ceramic member 112 closest to the tip and the amplitude horn 102, and then the even-numbered and odd-numbered orders mentioned in the present application are directly exchanged, so that the electrode pieces of the odd-numbered orders are connected in parallel and then electrically connected to the negative port of the excitation power supply or grounded, and the electrode pieces of the even-numbered orders are electrically connected to the corresponding excitation end of the excitation power supply, so as to realize the vibration type of the piezoelectric ceramic member in the present application to promote the vibration of the amplitude horn, which is at least two of longitudinal vibration, bending vibration or torsional vibration.

[0033] It can be envisaged that, in order to realize the movement of the turning tool 101 and the amplitude horn 102 in more than one dimension, the combination of the piezoelectric ceramic members 112 applied and the corresponding excitation end of the excitation power supply for supplying power to the electrode pieces 113 is naturally more than one. In the present embodiment, the first piezoelectric ceramic member 112a, the second piezoelectric ceramic member 112b and the third piezoelectric ceramic member 112c are all circular rings, and the first piezoelectric ceramic member 112a and the second piezoelectric ceramic member 112b are single circular rings (integrally formed circular rings).

[0034] In order to realize the vibration of the ultrasonic turning tool 100 in the longitudinal direction L (hereinafter referred to as "longitudinal vibration"), as shown in FIG. 2, the first piezoelectric ceramic member 112a and the second piezoelectric ceramic member 112b are connected in parallel to the positive port of the excitation power supply, and the third piezoelectric ceramic member 112c is connected to the negative port of the excitation power supply. Figure 3In the embodiment shown, one of the piezoelectric ceramic members 112a is provided. The first polarization direction P1 of the first piezoelectric ceramic member 112a is arranged to point towards the tip or the proximal end in the longitudinal direction L. As described above, each electrode sheet 113 is arranged at the proximal end of each piezoelectric ceramic member 112, i.e. sandwiched between two electrode sheets 113 (in the order of the longitudinal direction) except for the first piezoelectric ceramic member 112a. For example, in particular, the first piezoelectric ceramic member 112a has the first polarization direction P1 pointing from the proximal end to the tip, at which the two electrode sheets 113 located at the tip and the proximal end of the first piezoelectric ceramic member 112a are necessarily an odd-numbered electrode sheet and an even-numbered electrode sheet, wherein the odd-numbered electrode sheet is electrically connected to the corresponding first excitation section having the first phase. The two electrode sheets 113 are supplied with an external excitation power source and, by the supply of the first excitation section, a first electric field E1 pointing from the proximal end to the tip is applied between them. The first polarization direction P1 is the same as the direction of the first electric field E1, so that the first piezoelectric ceramic member 112a exhibits elongation in the longitudinal direction L.

[0035] The external excitation power source can be arranged as a variable power source, and the excitation provided by the first excitation section is also variable. After a specified duration, for example, a half cycle, the two electrode sheets 113 apply another electric field (not shown) between them, pointing from the tip to the proximal end. The first polarization direction P1 is opposite to the direction of the other electric field, so that the first piezoelectric ceramic member 112a exhibits contraction in the longitudinal direction L. Therefore, under the excitation of the variable first excitation section, the first piezoelectric ceramic member 112a exhibits deformation in the longitudinal direction L, thereby causing the ultrasonic turning tool 100 to move in the longitudinal direction L.

[0036] Similarly, the first polarization direction P1 of the first piezoelectric ceramic member 112a can be arranged in reverse, provided that the first phase of the first excitation section is adjusted accordingly.

[0037] In order to achieve the vibration of the ultrasonic turning tool 100 in the plane of the longitudinal direction L (hereinafter referred to as "bending vibration"), as shown in FIG. 2, the first polarization direction P1 of the first piezoelectric ceramic member 112a is arranged to point towards the proximal end in the longitudinal direction L. The two electrode sheets 113 are supplied with an external excitation power source and, by the supply of the first excitation section, a first electric field E1 pointing from the tip to the proximal end is applied between them. The first polarization direction P1 is opposite to the direction of the first electric field E1, so that the first piezoelectric ceramic member 112a exhibits elongation in the longitudinal direction L. Figure 4As shown, the second piezoelectric ceramic member 112b is provided. The second piezoelectric ceramic member 112b has a first portion 112b-1 and a second portion 112b-2 divided along a radial direction thereof, the first portion 112b-1 has a second polarization direction P2 arranged to point to a tip end or a proximal end along the longitudinal direction L, and the second portion 112b-2 has a third polarization direction P3 parallel to and opposite to the second polarization direction P2; and the two portions 112b-1, 112b-2 are not silver plated, thus the two portions 112b-1, 112b-2 are not electrically conductive to each other after the polarization treatment of the second piezoelectric ceramic member 112b. For example, specifically, the second polarization direction P2 points to the tip end along the longitudinal direction L, the third polarization direction P3 points to the proximal end along the longitudinal direction L, and the two electrode tabs 113 located at the two ends of the second piezoelectric ceramic member 112b must be an odd-numbered electrode tab and an even-numbered electrode tab, wherein the odd-numbered electrode tab is electrically connected to the corresponding second excitation end, and has a second phase. The two electrode tabs 113 are powered by an external excitation power supply, and a first electric field E1 pointing from the proximal end to the tip end is applied between the two electrode tabs 113 through the second excitation end. The second polarization direction P2 is the same as the direction of the first electric field E1, and the third polarization direction P3 is opposite to the direction of the first electric field E1, so that the second piezoelectric ceramic member 112b exhibits that the first portion 112b-1 is elongated along the longitudinal direction L and the second portion 112b-2 is contracted along the longitudinal direction L. In other words, the second piezoelectric ceramic member 112b exhibits longitudinal flexure, specifically flexure to the side where the second portion 112b-2 is contracting.

[0038] Similarly, the external excitation power supply can be set as a variable power supply, and the excitation provided by the second excitation end is also variable. After a specified duration, for example, a half cycle, the two electrode tabs 113 apply another electric field (not shown) between them, which points from the tip end to the proximal end. The second polarization direction P2 is opposite to the direction of the other electric field, and the third polarization direction P3 is the same as the direction of the first electric field E1, so that the second piezoelectric ceramic member 112b exhibits that the first portion 112b-1 is contracted along the longitudinal direction L and the second portion 112b-2 is elongated along the longitudinal direction L. In other words, the second piezoelectric ceramic member 112b exhibits longitudinal flexure, specifically flexure to the side where the first portion 112b-1 is contracting. Therefore, under the excitation of the variable second excitation end, the second piezoelectric ceramic member 112b exhibits longitudinal flexure based on the orientation of the second piezoelectric ceramic member 112b, thereby causing the ultrasonic turning tool 100, in particular the tool 101, to be offset relative to the longitudinal direction L.

[0039] In order to realize the vibration of the ultrasonic turning tool 100 around the longitudinal direction L (hereinafter referred to as "torsional vibration"), as shown in FIG. 1, the second piezoelectric ceramic member 112b is provided. Figure 5As shown, a third piezoelectric ceramic member 112c is provided. Accordingly, the third piezoelectric ceramic member 112c is circumferentially divided into a plurality of piezoelectric ceramic sectors 112c', each of which has the same polarization direction, such that when these piezoelectric ceramic sectors 112c' constitute a complete, circular ring-shaped third piezoelectric ceramic member 112c, it has a fourth polarization direction P4, which has a clockwise orientation or an anticlockwise orientation along its circumference. For example, in particular, the third piezoelectric ceramic member 112c has a clockwise orientation of the fourth polarization direction P4, at this time, the two electrode pieces 113 located at the tip end and the proximal end of the third piezoelectric ceramic member 112c must be one odd-numbered electrode piece and one even-numbered electrode piece, wherein the odd-numbered electrode piece is electrically connected to the corresponding third excitation end, which has a third phase. The external excitation power supply is powered to the two electrode pieces 113 through the third excitation end, and between them, a first electric field E1 is applied from the proximal end to the tip end, that is, in time. The cooperation of the fourth polarization direction P4 and the first electric field E1 causes each piezoelectric ceramic sector 112c' to be subjected to a clockwise shear force in the shear piezoelectric strain d 15 mode, so that the tip end portion of each piezoelectric ceramic sector 112c' and even the entire third piezoelectric ceramic member 112c is subjected to a clockwise shift relative to the proximal end portion.

[0040] Similarly, the external excitation power supply can be set as a variable power supply, and then the excitation provided by the third excitation end is also variable. After a specified time, for example, half a cycle, the two electrode pieces 113 between them apply another electric field (not shown) from the tip end to the proximal end, that is, in time. The cooperation of the fourth polarization direction P4 and the other electric field causes each piezoelectric ceramic sector 112c' to be subjected to an anticlockwise shear force in the shear piezoelectric strain d 15 mode, so that the tip end portion of each piezoelectric ceramic sector 112c' and even the entire third piezoelectric ceramic member 112c is subjected to an anticlockwise shift relative to the proximal end portion. Therefore, under the excitation of the variable third excitation end, the third piezoelectric ceramic member 112c exhibits a twist around the longitudinal direction L, thereby causing the ultrasonic turning tool 100 to twist around the longitudinal direction L.

[0041] Likewise, the third polarization direction P3 of the third piezoelectric ceramic member 112c can be reversely arranged, as long as the third phase of the third excitation end is adjusted accordingly.

[0042] As mentioned above, the first, second and third excitation terminals have respective phases, i.e. first, second and third phases, respectively. Preferably, the first phase has a phase difference of 0-180° with the second phase, the first phase has a phase difference of 0-180° with the third phase, and the second phase has a phase difference of 0-180° with the third phase. In particular, the phase difference between each two phases is set according to the desired ultrasonic tool path.

[0043] In general, the combination of the first piezoelectric ceramic member 112a and the first excitation terminal of the excitation power supply realizes a longitudinal vibration, the combination of the second piezoelectric ceramic member 112b and the second excitation terminal of the excitation power supply realizes a bending vibration, and the combination of the third piezoelectric ceramic member 112c and the third excitation terminal of the excitation power supply realizes a torsional vibration. In order to ensure that the ultrasonic tool 100 is free from the accumulation of chips caused by fixed and reciprocating tool paths, the ultrasonic tool 100 can preferably move in at least two dimensions, in other words, the transducer 110 can select at least two groups from the above-mentioned three groups of combinations of the piezoelectric ceramic members 112 and the corresponding excitation terminals of the excitation power supply.

[0044] Further, the ultrasonic tool 100 can also move in three dimensions, in other words, the transducer 110 can select all of the above-mentioned three groups of combinations of the piezoelectric ceramic members 112 and the corresponding excitation terminals of the excitation power supply.

[0045] It is noted that, based on the configuration that the even-numbered electrode pieces are grounded while the odd-numbered electrode pieces are electrically connected to the corresponding excitation terminals of the excitation power supply, it can be inferred that the piezoelectric ceramic members 112 located at both ends of any odd-numbered electrode piece are of the same type of piezoelectric ceramic member, i.e., both are the first piezoelectric ceramic members 112a, both are the second piezoelectric ceramic members 112b, or both are the third piezoelectric ceramic members 112c. It is further noted that the two piezoelectric ceramic members 112 need only be arranged with opposite polarization directions. Conversely, the piezoelectric ceramic members 112 located at both ends of any even-numbered electrode piece can be of the same type or different types of piezoelectric ceramic members. For example, arranged at both ends of the first electrode piece 113 (in the order along the longitudinal direction) are two first piezoelectric ceramic members 112a arranged in opposite directions; arranged at both ends of the fifth electrode piece 113 are two second piezoelectric ceramic members 112b arranged in opposite directions; arranged at both ends of the seventh electrode piece 113 are two third piezoelectric ceramic members 112c arranged in opposite directions. On the other hand, for example, arranged at both ends of the fourth electrode piece 113 are two second piezoelectric ceramic members 112b arranged in opposite directions, which means that the fourth piezoelectric ceramic member 112 and the fifth piezoelectric ceramic member 112 are both second piezoelectric ceramic members 112b, and further, since the piezoelectric ceramic members 112 located at both ends of any odd-numbered electrode piece are of the same type of piezoelectric ceramic member, it can be inferred that the third piezoelectric ceramic member 112 adjacent to the third electrode piece 113 and the sixth piezoelectric ceramic member 112 adjacent to the fifth electrode piece 113 are also both second piezoelectric ceramic members 112b; however, arranged at both ends of the second electrode piece 113 are the second piezoelectric ceramic member 112 and the third piezoelectric ceramic member 112, respectively, wherein the second piezoelectric ceramic member 112 is essentially a first piezoelectric ceramic member 112a, and the third piezoelectric ceramic member 112 is essentially a second piezoelectric ceramic member 112b.

[0046] In addition, the first portion of the second piezoelectric ceramic member 112b on one side of the odd-numbered electrode piece is arranged opposite the second portion of the second piezoelectric ceramic member 112b on the other side, and the polarization directions are opposite, so that the transducer can generate elongation and shortening vibrations on both sides of the same side in the axial direction, and the vibration type of the amplitude rod is bending vibration.

[0047] Of course, in the transducer 110, the piezoelectric ceramic members 112 and the corresponding excitation terminals of the excitation power supply are combined, at least two groups need to be selected, and the longitudinal arrangement of each selected group relative to each other is also arbitrary, and is not limited to the number, selected combination and arrangement described in the above embodiments.

[0048] The clamping device of the ultrasonic machining apparatus clamps the clamping portion of the transducer housing 111 after the ultrasonic turning tool 100, in particular the transducer 110 thereof, is configured with the corresponding piezoelectric ceramic member 112 in combination with the electrode sheet 113 as required. At the same time, the driving device of the ultrasonic machining apparatus is operatively connected to the transducer 110, for example by means of the sealing joint 103, so as to provide the piezoelectric ceramic member 112 and the electrode sheet 113 with electric energy having corresponding electric phases. In this way, the ultrasonic turning tool 100 is operated on the ultrasonic machining apparatus in a preset trace line, so as to machine the workpiece as required.

[0049] It should be understood that the above-mentioned figures and the specific embodiments described in the detailed description are only exemplary embodiments of the present application, and are not exhaustive of the possible embodiments of the present application. Those skilled in the art can make various modifications to the above-mentioned specific embodiments within the scope of protection of the present application without departing from the spirit of the present application.

Claims

1. An ultrasonic tool bit comprising a tool, a horn, and a transducer connected in order from a tip end to a proximal end, characterized in that, The transducer comprises a plurality of piezoelectric ceramic members arranged along a longitudinal direction thereof and a plurality of electrode pieces, wherein the piezoelectric ceramic members and the electrode pieces form a one-to-one corresponding relationship, and in each pair, each of the electrode pieces is arranged at a proximal end of each of the piezoelectric ceramic members; the electrode pieces comprise odd-numbered electrode pieces and even-numbered electrode pieces arranged in order from a tip end to a proximal end, wherein the even-numbered electrode pieces are configured to be connected in parallel and then electrically connected to a negative port of an excitation power supply, the odd-numbered electrode pieces are configured to be electrically connected to corresponding excitation terminals of the excitation power supply, and wherein the plurality of piezoelectric ceramic members and the excitation power supply are configured to be composed of a combination of at least two groups of the following elements: a first piezoelectric ceramic member and a first excitation terminal having a first phase, which are configured to cause the first piezoelectric ceramic member to promote the vibration type of the variable amplitude rod to be longitudinal vibration under the excitation of the first excitation terminal; a second piezoelectric ceramic member and a second excitation terminal having a second phase, which are configured to cause the second piezoelectric ceramic member to promote the vibration type of the variable amplitude rod to be bending vibration under the excitation of the second excitation terminal; a third piezoelectric ceramic member and a third excitation terminal having a third phase, which are configured to cause the third piezoelectric ceramic member to promote the vibration type of the variable amplitude rod to be torsional vibration under the excitation of the third excitation terminal; and any two of the first phase, the second phase and the third phase have a phase difference in the range of 0° to 180°.

2. The ultrasonic tool according to claim 1, wherein The first piezoelectric ceramic member, the second piezoelectric ceramic member and the third piezoelectric ceramic member are all circular rings, and the first piezoelectric ceramic member and the second piezoelectric ceramic member are single circular rings.

3. The ultrasonic tool according to claim 1, wherein The electrode pieces have 6 or more even-numbered electrode pieces, and when the first, second or third piezoelectric ceramic member applied is more than 4 even-numbered pieces, the odd-numbered electrode pieces paired therewith are configured to be connected in parallel and electrically connected to the corresponding first, second or third excitation terminal; the piezoelectric ceramic members on both sides of any odd-numbered electrode piece are the same kind of the first, second or third piezoelectric ceramic member, and the piezoelectric ceramic members on both sides of any even-numbered electrode piece are the same kind or different kind of the first, second or third piezoelectric ceramic member.

4. The ultrasonic tool according to claim 1, wherein The first polarization direction of the first piezoelectric ceramic member is arranged to point to the tip end or the proximal end along the longitudinal direction.

5. The ultrasonic tool according to claim 1, wherein The second piezoelectric ceramic member has a first part and a second part divided in the radial direction thereof, and the first part and the second part of adjacent two second piezoelectric ceramic members are arranged to face each other; and The second polarization direction of the second piezoelectric ceramic member is arranged to point to the tip end or the proximal end along the longitudinal direction, and the polarization directions of the first part and the second part are opposite.

6. The ultrasonic tool according to claim 1, wherein The third piezoelectric ceramic member is a whole ring piezoelectric ceramic member composed of a plurality of sector piezoelectric ceramic pieces, the sector piezoelectric ceramic pieces are polarized in the circumferential direction, the polarization directions of each of the sector piezoelectric ceramic pieces are the same, so that the third polarization direction of the third piezoelectric ceramic member is arranged to have a clockwise direction or an anticlockwise direction along the circumferential direction thereof.

7. The ultrasonic tool according to claim 1, wherein The transducer has a transducer shell, a tip end of the transducer shell is connected with the amplitude transformer through a flange, and a proximal end of the transducer shell is provided with a wire channel connected with a sealing joint and through which a wire is arranged.

8. An ultrasonic machining apparatus comprising a clamping device, a drive device and an ultrasonic turning tool according to any one of claims 1-7, characterized in that, The clamping device is configured to clamp the ultrasonic turning tool, and the driving device is configured to drive the ultrasonic turning tool to move.

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