Split type intake manifold structure

Abstract

The split type air inlet manifold structure comprises a body composed of an upper split type manifold, a lower split type manifold and a front split type manifold, a pressure stabilizing cavity is formed in the body, a throttle valve flange and a throttle valve air inlet are arranged on the front split type manifold, and a pressure stabilizing cavity is formed in the pressure stabilizing cavity. The upper split manifold, the lower split manifold and the front split manifold are detachably connected with one another. Compared with an up-and-down split type structure in the prior art, due to the three-block split type space, the structure is more reasonable, the three fixed structures which are connected in pairs are more stable, one of the fixed structures, such as a front split type manifold, can be singly detached after being damaged, the interior of the pressure stabilizing cavity can be maintained, or one of the fixed structures can be singly replaced, and the maintenance cost is reduced. The maintenance cost is reduced while the maintenance is convenient.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The utility model relates to the technical field of automobile engine accessories, and particularly relates to a split intake manifold structure. BACKGROUND

[0002] The intake manifold refers to the intake pipeline from the carburetor or throttle body to the intake port of the cylinder head. Its function is to distribute air and fuel mixture from the carburetor or throttle body to each cylinder intake port. It is called "manifold" because after the air enters the throttle, it passes through the manifold buffer, and the air flow channel is "divided" here, corresponding to the number of engine cylinders, such as four-cylinder engine with four channels, five-cylinder engine with five channels, and the air and fuel mixture or clean air is distributed as evenly as possible to each cylinder. The water cooler refers to a radiator that can maintain a silent state during heat absorption and dissipation, with little noise and very fast heat dissipation. It can also achieve heat dissipation while running, and has strong adaptability to the surrounding temperature environment. It has good adaptability whether it is cold or hot.

[0003] The existing intake manifold is usually manually installed by workers using tools to install multiple bolts in the corresponding bolt holes and then connected and assembled with the corresponding equipment. In order to facilitate installation and future cleaning and maintenance, and to leave space for further modification, some intake manifolds are in an upper and lower split body type, and the upper and lower parts of the upper and lower split body type intake manifold need to be assembled before being installed on the corresponding equipment. During assembly, multiple bolts are connected and installed in the corresponding bolt holes on the upper and lower intake manifolds by manual installation by workers to complete the overall assembly.

[0004] The utility model discloses a kind of upper and lower split body type intake manifold, and its upper and lower split body structure is the intake manifold structure that is currently more common, however it is just simple upper and lower split body structure, and the gas distribution passage of its bottom and lower split body manifold are also integrally formed structure, cannot meet the future modularization damage replacement needs.

[0005] The utility model discloses a kind of electronic control fuel injection intake systems, and its oil rail structure is installed and connected by fixed part and the installation site of lower end of gas distribution passage, and its structure exists receiving point itself is smaller, and it needs multiple sites to install, high cost, and inconvenient to install.

[0006] Therefore, it is necessary to improve the existing intake manifold structure. UTILITY MODEL CONTENTS

[0007] The utility model aims at solving one of the technical problems in the prior art.

[0008] The application provides a split intake manifold structure, characterized by comprising a body composed of an upper split manifold, a lower split manifold and a front split manifold, a pressure stabilizing cavity is formed in the body, a throttle flange and a throttle intake port are arranged on the front split manifold, and the upper split manifold, the lower split manifold and the front split manifold are detachably connected with each other.

[0009] Preferably, a plurality of gas distribution port openings are arranged on the left and right sides of the lower split manifold along the front-rear direction, a plurality of gas distribution pipes are detachably connected to the outside of the gas distribution port openings, and a whole cylinder cover joint flange is detachably connected to the end of the gas distribution pipe away from the lower split manifold on the same side, and a gas outlet opening corresponding to the gas distribution pipe is arranged on the cylinder cover joint flange.

[0010] Preferably, a plurality of fixing blocks with mounting round holes are arranged on the lower edge of the upper split manifold, the upper edge of the lower split manifold, the rear edge of the front split manifold, the front edge of the upper split manifold and the front edge of the lower split manifold in sequence and at intervals along the circumferential direction, the fixing blocks on the lower edge of the upper split manifold and the upper edge of the lower split manifold correspond to each other, the fixing blocks on the rear edge of the front split manifold correspond to the front edge of the upper split manifold and the front edge of the lower split manifold, and the mounting of the upper split manifold, the lower split manifold and the front split manifold is realized by bolts and nuts.

[0011] Preferably, the structure further comprises two oil rails which are detachably connected to the left and right sides of the lower split manifold.

[0012] Preferably, the oil rails are detachably connected to the lower split manifold through Y-shaped connectors, the upper two ends of the Y-shaped connector are respectively provided with upper connector holes corresponding to the two mounting round holes, the lower end of the Y-shaped connector is provided with a lower connector hole, and the oil rail is provided with a fixing hole matched therewith.

[0013] Preferably, the middle part of the Y-shaped connector is arranged in a bent shape, that is, the two upper connector holes are vertically directed, while the lower connector hole is horizontally directed, and the front-rear width of the lower end of the Y-shaped connector is more than twice the front-rear width of the upper end.

[0014] Preferably, the lower end of the Y-shaped connector is provided with two lower connector holes which are arranged at the same horizontal height and spaced apart in the front-rear direction.

[0015] Preferably, the gas distribution port expansion is in a circular ring shape, the inner diameter of the upper end is greater than that of the lower end, an external thread is arranged on the outer side of the lower end, an internal thread is arranged at the gas distribution port opening, and the gas distribution port expansion is detachably mounted on the lower split manifold through the structure of the external thread matched with the internal thread.

[0016] Preferably, a plurality of gas distribution port expansions are detachably arranged in the lower split manifold corresponding to the plurality of gas distribution port openings.

[0017] Preferably, the lower manifold lower surface is provided with a plurality of threaded mounting holes around the gas passage port, and the cylinder head joint flange upper surface is provided with a plurality of threaded mounting holes around the gas outlet port, the upper and lower ports of the gas passage pipe are respectively provided with a plurality of round holes, and the upper and lower ends of the gas passage pipe are fixedly installed with the cylinder head joint flange and the lower manifold by sequentially penetrating the round holes and the threaded mounting holes through a plurality of bolts.

[0018] Compared with the upper and lower split structure in the prior art, the body is composed of the upper split manifold, the lower split manifold and the front split manifold, the upper split manifold, the lower split manifold and the front split manifold are detachably connected, the three-piece split space structure is more reasonable, the fixing structure of the three pieces connected in pairs is more stable, and after damage, one of the three pieces, such as the front split manifold, can be single-detached, so that the interior of the pressure stabilizing cavity can be repaired, or one of the three pieces can be single-replaced, so that the maintenance is convenient and the maintenance cost is reduced.

[0019] The beneficial effects of the utility model will be described in detail in the embodiments, so that the beneficial effects are more obvious. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0020] Figure 1 It is a side view schematic diagram of the specific structure of the embodiment of the application.

[0021] Figure 2 It is a side view schematic diagram of the specific structure of the embodiment of the application.

[0022] Figure 3 It is a side view schematic diagram of the specific structure of the embodiment of the application.

[0023] Figure 4 It is a side view schematic diagram of the specific structure of the embodiment of the application.

[0024] Figure 5 It is a three-dimensional schematic diagram of the specific structure of the lower split manifold in the embodiment of the application.

[0025] Figure 6 It is a side view schematic diagram of the specific structure of the embodiment of the application.

[0026] Figure 7 It is a front view schematic diagram of the specific structure of the embodiment of the application.

[0027] Figure 8 It is an explosion schematic diagram of the specific structure of the oil rail and the Y-shaped connecting piece in the embodiment of the application.

[0028] Figure 9This is a schematic bottom view of the specific structure of the oil rail and the Y-shaped connector in the embodiment of the present application.

[0029] Figure 10 This is a three-dimensional schematic diagram of the specific structure of the air duct pipe and the cylinder head combined flange in the embodiment of the present application. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0030] The following will be combined with the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present application to clearly describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application. Obviously, the embodiments described are part of the embodiments of the present application, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments in the present application, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field are within the scope of protection of this application.

[0031] The terms "first," "second," and the like in the specification and claims of this application are used to distinguish similar objects, and are not used to describe a specific order or precedence. It should be understood that the terms used in this manner are interchangeable where appropriate, so that the embodiments of this application can be implemented in an order other than that illustrated or described herein, and that the objects distinguished by "first," "second," and the like are generally of the same type, and do not limit the number of objects; for example, the first object can be one or more. In addition, the term "and / or" in the specification and claims refers to at least one of the connected objects, and the character " / " generally indicates that the objects connected are in an "or" relationship.

[0032] The embodiments of the present application are described in detail below through specific embodiments and their application scenarios in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.

[0033] Example 1:

[0034] like Figures 1-10 As shown, in a specific embodiment of the present utility model, the intake manifold body 1 of this embodiment is composed of three detachably connected parts: an upper split manifold 101, a lower split manifold 102, and a front split manifold 103. A pressure stabilizing chamber 2 is formed inside the body 1; a throttle flange 3 and a throttle air inlet 4 are fixedly provided on the front split manifold 103 for docking with the engine throttle.

[0035] At the same time, the lower edge of the upper split manifold 101, the upper edge of the lower split manifold 102, the rear edge of the front split manifold 103, the front edge of the upper split manifold 101, and the front edge of the lower split manifold 102 are all provided with fixed blocks 100 with mounting circular holes at intervals along the circumferential direction, and the lower edge of the upper split manifold 101 and the fixed blocks 100 on the upper edge of the lower split manifold 102 correspond one-to-one, and the rear edge of the front split manifold 103 corresponds to the fixed blocks 100 of "the front edge of the upper split manifold 101 + the front edge of the lower split manifold 102".

[0036] Further, a plurality of gas distribution port 5 are arranged on the left and right sides of the lower split manifold 102 along the front-rear direction, and a detachable gas distribution pipe 6 is connected to the outside of the gas distribution port 5; the gas distribution pipe 6 on the same side is detachably connected to a whole cylinder cover combined flange 7 away from one end of the lower split manifold 102, and a gas outlet 11 corresponding to the gas distribution pipe 6 is arranged on the cylinder cover combined flange 7; a gas distribution port expander 10 is detachably arranged in the lower split manifold 102 corresponding to the gas distribution port 5; and two oil rails 8 are detachably connected to the lower split manifold 102 through a Y-shaped connecting piece 9.

[0037] Embodiment 2

[0038] The difference between the embodiment 1 and the embodiment 2 is that, in addition to the structural features of the preceding embodiments, in the specific embodiment of the utility model, the assembly of the three-section body 1 is as follows:

[0039] Firstly, the upper split manifold 101 and the lower split manifold 102 are connected: the fixed blocks 100 at the lower edge of the upper split manifold 101 and the fixed blocks 100 at the upper edge of the lower split manifold 102 are aligned to ensure that the mounting holes of the two are coaxial; the bolts are sequentially inserted through the aligned mounting holes of the fixed blocks 100, and the nuts are pre-tightened (not tightened, and the subsequent adjustment space is reserved).

[0040] Secondly, the front split manifold 103 is installed: the fixed blocks 100 at the rear edge of the front split manifold 103 are combined and aligned with the fixed blocks 100 at the front edge of the upper split manifold 101 and the front edge of the lower split manifold 102, at this time, the inner side of the front split manifold 103 is attached to the front end faces of the upper and lower split manifolds to jointly form the pressure stabilizing cavity 2; the bolts are inserted through the mounting holes of the fixed blocks 100 of the upper and lower split manifolds and the front split manifold 103, and after the nuts are sleeved, the fixed bolts of the front split manifold 103 are first tightened, and then the fixed bolts of the upper split manifold 101 and the lower split manifold 102 are sequentially tightened to complete the assembly of the body 1.

[0041] Embodiment 3

[0042] The difference between the embodiment 2 and the embodiment 3 is that, in the specific embodiment of the utility model, the gas distribution port expander 10 is installed first: the gas distribution port expander 10 (in the form of a ring, the inner diameter of the upper end is larger than that of the lower end, and external threads are arranged on the outer side of the lower end) is aligned with the gas distribution port 5 (internal threads are arranged at the gas distribution port 5) of the lower split manifold 102, the gas distribution port expander 10 is rotated clockwise, and the external threads and the internal threads are matched and tightened to detachably fix the gas distribution port expander 10 at the gas distribution port 5, and the upper end of the gas distribution port expander 10 faces the pressure stabilizing cavity 2, and the lower end faces the gas distribution pipe 6.

[0043] Then the second step, the upper split manifold 101 and the lower split manifold 102 are connected: the fixed block 100 at the lower edge of the upper split manifold 101 is aligned with the fixed block 100 at the upper edge of the lower split manifold 102, and the mounting holes of the two are coaxial; the bolts are sequentially inserted through the aligned mounting holes of the fixed block 100, and the nuts are pre-tightened after being sleeved; the third step is to connect the gas distribution pipe 6 and the lower split manifold 102: the upper end port of the gas distribution pipe 6 is aligned with the gas distribution port 5 of the lower split manifold 102 (the upper end of the gas distribution pipe 6 covers the lower end of the gas distribution flared pipe 10), and the circular holes at the upper end of the gas distribution pipe 6 correspond to the threaded mounting holes arranged around the gas distribution port 5 on the lower surface of the lower split manifold 102; the bolts are sequentially inserted through the circular holes of the gas distribution pipe 6 and the threaded mounting holes of the lower split manifold 102, and the bolts are tightened to fix the two.

[0044] The fourth step is to connect the gas distribution pipe 6 and the cylinder cover combined flange 7: the lower end ports of all the gas distribution pipes 6 on the same side are aligned with the corresponding gas outlets 11 on the cylinder cover combined flange 7, and the circular holes at the lower end of the gas distribution pipe 6 correspond to the threaded mounting holes arranged around the gas outlet 11 on the upper surface of the cylinder cover combined flange 7; the bolts are sequentially inserted through the circular holes of the gas distribution pipe 6 and the threaded mounting holes of the cylinder cover combined flange 7, and the bolts are tightened to complete the fixation. At this time, the gas distribution system is assembled, and the gas in the pressure stabilizing chamber 2 can be distributed to each cylinder of the engine through the gas distribution flared pipe 10, the gas distribution pipe 6 and the gas outlet 11.

[0045] Example 4:

[0046] The difference between the embodiment 3 and the embodiment 4 is that in the embodiment 4, the gas distribution flared pipe 10 is first installed: the gas distribution flared pipe 10 (in the form of a circular ring, the inner diameter of the upper end is larger than that of the lower end, and external threads are arranged on the outer side of the lower end) is aligned with the gas distribution port 5 of the lower split manifold 102 (internal threads are arranged at the gas distribution port 5), the gas distribution flared pipe 10 is rotated clockwise, and the external threads and the internal threads are matched and tightened, so that the gas distribution flared pipe 10 is detachably fixed at the gas distribution port 5, and the upper end of the gas distribution flared pipe 10 faces the pressure stabilizing chamber 2, and the lower end faces the gas distribution pipe 6.

[0047] Then the second step, the upper and lower split manifold 101 and 102: the upper split manifold 101 lower edge of the fixed block 100, and the lower split manifold 102 upper edge of the fixed block 100 alignment, to ensure that the installation of the two coaxial round hole; take bolt in turn through the fixed block 100 installation round hole alignment, Y-shaped connector 9 in the middle of the bending shape, the upper end of two upper connector hole vertical, the lower end of the lower connector hole horizontal (the lower end of the front and back width is more than twice the upper end, the lower end of two front and back interval, the same horizontal height of the lower connection hole) ; the Y-shaped connector 9 upper end of two upper connector hole, respectively, with the upper split manifold 101 corresponding position of the fixed block 100 installation round hole, the lower split manifold 102 of the fixed block 100 installation round hole one by one alignment; the bolt just in turn through the fixed block 100 installation round hole of the upper split manifold 101, the fixed block 100 installation round hole of the lower split manifold 102 and the upper connector hole of Y-shaped connector 9, nut and tighten, realize the Y-shaped connector 9 and the upper split manifold 101, the lower split manifold 102 fixed block 100 fixed together; fixed oil rail 8: the fixed hole on the oil rail 8 and the two lower connection hole of the lower end of the Y-shaped connector 9 alignment, take bolt in turn through the fixed hole of the oil rail 8, the lower connection hole of the Y-shaped connector 9, nut and tighten, make the oil rail 8 stable fixed on both sides of the lower split manifold 102, and the oil rail 8 of the oil nozzle interface can be accurate alignment of the intake port of each cylinder of the engine, meet the fuel injection demand.

[0048] The third step, the connection of the gas distribution pipe 6 and the lower split manifold 102: the upper end of the gas distribution pipe 6 is aligned with the gas distribution port 5 of the lower split manifold 102 (the upper end of the gas distribution pipe 6 covers the lower end of the gas distribution flared port 10), so that the round hole of the upper end of the gas distribution pipe 6 corresponds to the threaded mounting hole "set around the gas distribution port 5" on the lower surface of the lower split manifold 102; take the bolt in turn through the round hole of the gas distribution pipe 6 and the threaded mounting hole of the lower split manifold 102, and tighten the bolt to fix them. The fourth step, connecting the gas distribution pipe 6 and the cylinder cover flange 7: align the lower end port of all gas distribution pipes 6 on the same side with the corresponding gas outlet 11 on the cylinder cover flange 7, so that the round hole of the lower end of the gas distribution pipe 6 corresponds to the threaded mounting hole "set around the gas outlet 11" on the upper surface of the cylinder cover flange 7; take the bolt in turn through the round hole of the gas distribution pipe 6 and the threaded mounting hole of the cylinder cover flange 7, and tighten the bolt to complete the fixation. At this time, the gas distribution system is assembled, and the gas in the stable pressure chamber 2 can be distributed to each cylinder of the engine through the gas distribution flared port 10, the gas distribution pipe 6 and the gas outlet 11.

[0049] Maintenance convenience: when the pressure stabilizing cavity 2 needs to be maintained, only the bolts connecting the front split manifold 103 with the upper and lower split manifolds need to be unscrewed, and the front split manifold 103 can be directly operated inside the pressure stabilizing cavity 2 without disassembling the upper and lower split manifolds; if the gas distribution channel flared portion 10 is worn, the gas distribution channel pipe 6 is damaged, or the Y-shaped connecting piece 9 is damaged, the corresponding parts can be individually disassembled and replaced without the need to replace the entire body 1, greatly reducing maintenance costs and time, and meeting the research and development purpose of "convenient maintenance and low cost".

[0050] Structural stability: the upper, lower, and front three split bodies are connected two by two through fixed blocks 100 and bolts and nuts, forming a triangular stable structure to avoid the connection loose problem of the existing upper and lower split structure; the Y-shaped connecting piece 9 is fixed with the fixed blocks 100 of the upper and lower split manifolds at the same time, and the stress points are more dispersed, which can effectively resist the stress brought by engine vibration, further improve the connection stability of the oil rail 8, and match the research and development goal of "more stable structure"; moreover, the installation of the upper and lower split manifolds can also install the Y-shaped connecting piece 9 at the same time, and the installation and fixation of the oil rail 8 are completed at the same time, compared with the existing technology of being installed on the cylinder cover combination flange, the structure in the embodiment is more convenient to install, and the lower end of the Y-shaped connecting piece 9 is provided with two lower connecting holes, the two lower connecting holes are arranged in front of and behind each other and at the same horizontal height, as shown in Figure 8 and Figure 9 , the fixed holes on the oil rail 8 correspond to the two lower connecting holes of the lower end of the Y-shaped connecting piece 9, and such a structure is convenient for adjusting the installation position of the oil rail 8 and can be adjusted and used in a certain position in front and back.

[0051] It should be noted that in this document, the terms "comprise", "comprising", or any other variant thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusions, so that a process, method, article, or device that includes a series of elements not only includes those elements, but also includes other elements not explicitly listed, or includes elements inherent to such a process, method, article, or device. Without more limitations, the element defined by the statement "comprises a" does not exclude the presence of another identical element in the process, method, article, or device that includes the element. In addition, it should be pointed out that the scope of the methods and devices in the embodiments of the present application is not limited to performing functions in the order shown or discussed, but can also include performing functions in a substantially simultaneous manner or in the opposite order, for example, the described method can be performed in an order different from that described, and various steps can also be added, omitted, or combined. In addition, the features described with reference to certain examples can be combined in other examples.

[0052] The embodiments of the present application are described above with reference to the accompanying drawings, but the present application is not limited to the specific embodiments described above, and the specific embodiments described above are merely illustrative, but not restrictive, and a person of ordinary skill in the art can make many forms under the inspiration of the present application without departing from the purpose of the present application and the scope protected by the claims.

Claims

1. A split intake manifold structure, characterized by, The body (1) is composed of three parts, i.e., an upper split manifold (101), a lower split manifold (102) and a front split manifold (103), a stable pressure cavity (2) is formed in the body (1), a throttle flange (3) and a throttle air inlet (4) are arranged on the front split manifold (103), and the upper split manifold (101), the lower split manifold (102) and the front split manifold (103) are detachably connected with each other.

2. The split intake manifold structure of claim 1, wherein A plurality of gas distribution channel openings (5) are arranged on the left and right sides of the lower split manifold (102) in the front-rear direction, a plurality of gas distribution channel pipes (6) are detachably connected outside the gas distribution channel openings (5), one end of the gas distribution channel pipe (6) away from the lower split manifold (102) on the same side is detachably connected with a whole cylinder cover joint flange (7), and a gas outlet (11) corresponding to the gas distribution channel pipe (6) is formed in the cylinder cover joint flange (7).

3. The split intake manifold structure of claim 1 or 2, wherein A plurality of fixing blocks (100) with mounting round holes are arranged in sequence and at intervals in the circumferential direction on the lower edge of the upper split manifold (101), the upper edge of the lower split manifold (102), the rear edge of the front split manifold (103), the front edge of the upper split manifold (101) and the front edge of the lower split manifold (102), the fixing blocks (100) on the lower edge of the upper split manifold (101) and the upper edge of the lower split manifold (102) correspond to each other, the fixing blocks (100) on the rear edge of the front split manifold (103) and the front edge of the upper split manifold (101) and the front edge of the lower split manifold (102) correspond to each other, and the upper split manifold (101), the lower split manifold (102) and the front split manifold (103) are mounted by bolts and nuts.

4. The split intake manifold structure of claim 3, wherein Two oil rails (8) are detachably connected with the left and right sides of the lower split manifold (102).

5. The split intake manifold structure of claim 4, wherein The oil rail (8) is detachably connected with the lower split manifold (102) through a Y-shaped connecting piece (9), the upper two ends of the Y-shaped connecting piece (9) are respectively provided with upper connecting piece holes corresponding to the two mounting round holes, the lower end of the Y-shaped connecting piece (9) is provided with a lower connecting piece hole, and the oil rail (8) is provided with a fixing hole matched therewith.

6. The split intake manifold structure of claim 5, wherein The middle part of the Y-shaped connecting piece (9) is arranged in a bent shape, i.e., the two upper connecting piece holes are vertically directed, while the lower connecting piece hole is horizontally directed, and the front-rear width of the lower end of the Y-shaped connecting piece (9) is more than twice the front-rear width of the upper end.

7. The split intake manifold structure of claim 5, wherein The lower end of the Y-shaped connecting piece (9) is provided with two lower connecting holes, the two lower connecting holes are arranged at intervals in the front-rear direction and at the same horizontal height.

8. The split intake manifold structure of claim 2, wherein A plurality of gas distribution channel expanding openings (10) are detachably arranged in the lower split manifold (102) corresponding to the plurality of gas distribution channel openings (5).

9. The split intake manifold structure of claim 8, wherein The gas distribution channel expanding opening (10) is in a circular ring shape, the inner diameter of the upper end is greater than the inner diameter of the lower end, and an external thread is arranged on the outer side of the lower end, an internal thread is arranged at the gas distribution channel opening (5), and the gas distribution channel expanding opening (10) is detachably mounted on the lower split manifold (102) through the structure that the external thread cooperates with the internal thread.

10. The split intake manifold structure of claim 2, wherein The lower surface of the lower split manifold (102) is provided with a plurality of threaded mounting holes around the gas distribution passage opening (5) and the upper surface of the cylinder cover combined flange (7) is provided with a plurality of threaded mounting holes around the gas outlet (11). The upper and lower ends of the gas distribution passage pipe (6) are respectively provided with a plurality of round holes. The upper and lower ends of the gas distribution passage pipe (6) are fixedly installed with the cylinder cover combined flange (7) and the lower split manifold (102) by a plurality of bolts in sequence through the round holes and the threaded mounting holes.

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