4498 results about "Inlet manifold" patented technology

Embodiments of the invention provide apparatuses and methods for atomic layer deposition (ALD), such as plasma-enhanced ALD (PE-ALD). In some embodiments, a PE-ALD chamber is provided which includes a chamber lid assembly coupled with a chamber body having a substrate support therein. In one embodiment, the chamber lid assembly has an inlet manifold assembly containing an annular channel encompassing a centralized channel, wherein the centralized channel extends through the inlet manifold assembly, and the inlet manifold assembly further contains injection holes extending from the annular channel, through a sidewall of the centralized channel, and to the centralized channel. The chamber lid assembly further contains a showerhead assembly disposed below the inlet manifold assembly, a water box disposed between the inlet manifold assembly and the showerhead assembly, and a remote plasma system (RPS) disposed above and coupled with the inlet manifold assembly, and in fluid communication with the centralized channel.

A gas inlet manifold for a plasma chamber having a perforated gas distribution plate suspended by flexible side walls. The flexible suspension minimizes mechanical stress due to thermal expansion of the gas distribution plate. In another aspect, the suspension provides thermal isolation between the gas distribution plate and other components of the chamber.

Methods and apparatus are disclosed for operation of a multiple fuel engine, which runs on a combination of two or more fuels. An electronic control unit (ECU) may be connected to the existing components of an engine system in order to control operation of the multiple fuel engine. The engine system may be mechanically governed or electronically controlled. The ECU inputs operating characteristics of the engine system, determines governing characteristics for multiple fuel operation based on the operating characteristics, and controls the amounts of fuel delivered to the engine based on the governing characteristics. In a preferred embodiment, a dual fuel engine operates using diesel as a first fuel and natural gas as a second fuel. The operating characteristics may include engine speed, throttle position, engine exhaust temperature, gas pressure of the second fuel, gas temperature of the second fuel, boost pressure of an intake manifold, or engine coolant temperature.

An apparatus and method of circulating a heat-absorbing material within a heat exchanger. The apparatus comprises a manifold layer coupled to an interface layer. The manifold layer comprises an inlet manifold and an outlet manifold. The interface layer comprises a plurality of channels that extend from the inlet manifold, toward a heat-exchanging plane, and turn away from the heat-exchanging plane, terminating at the outlet manifold. The plurality of channels are stacked in a plane non-parallel to the heat-exchanging plane. Each of the channels is adjacent to another, thus allowing heat radiated from a heat-generating device to be conducted to a cooling material circulating within the channels, away from the heat-generating device. Preferably, each of the channels has a U-shape or an elongated U-shape.

A system and method for waste heat recovery in exhaust gas recirculation is disclosed. The system includes an engine having an intake manifold and an exhaust manifold, an exhaust conduit connected to the exhaust manifold, and a turbocharger having a turbine and a compressor, the turbine being connected to the exhaust conduit to receive a portion of the exhaust gas from the exhaust manifold. The system also includes an EGR system connected to the exhaust conduit to receive a portion of the exhaust gas, with the EGR system including an EGR conduit that is connected to the exhaust conduit to receive a portion of the exhaust gas, a heat exchanger connected to the EGR conduit and being configured to extract heat from the exhaust gas, and a waste heat recovery system connected to the heat exchanger and configured to capture the heat extracted by the heat exchanger.

A gas inlet manifold for a plasma chamber having a perforated gas distribution plate suspended by a side wall comprising one or more sheets. The sheets preferably provide flexibility to alleviate stress in the gas distribution plate due to thermal expansion and contraction. In another aspect, the side wall provides thermal isolation between the gas distribution plate and other components of the chamber.

A plurality of heat-dissipating electronic chips are arranged in a vertical chip stack. The electronic chips have electronic components thereon. A cold plate is secured to a back side of the chip stack. A silicon carrier sandwich, defining a fluid cavity, is secured to a front side of the chip stack. An inlet manifold is configured to supply cooling fluid to the cold plate and the fluid cavity of the silicon carrier sandwich. An outlet manifold is configured to receive the cooling fluid from the cold plate and the fluid cavity of the silicon carrier sandwich. The cold plate, the silicon carrier sandwich, the inlet manifold, and the outlet manifold are configured and dimensioned to electrically isolate the cooling fluid from the electronic components. A method of operating an electronic apparatus and a method of manufacturing an electronic apparatus are also disclosed. Single-sided heat removal with double-sided electrical input-output and double-sided heat removal with double-sided electrical input-output are also disclosed.

An internal combustion engine (100) includes a first exhaust manifold (120), and a second exhaust manifold (118) fluidly connected to the first exhaust manifold (120) through an exhaust valve (122). An exhaust gas recirculation (EGR) cooler (124) constantly fluidly connects the second exhaust manifold (118) with an intake manifold (112). A turbocharger (102) has a turbine (126) in fluid communication with the first exhaust manifold (120), and a compressor (132) in fluid communication with a supercharger (140). A charge air cooler (150) fluidly connects the supercharger (140) with the intake manifold (112).

The present invention provides a unit cooler adapted for use in a refrigerated environment. The unit cooler includes a housing adapted to be positioned within the refrigerated environment and at least one microchannel evaporator coil supported by the housing. The at least one microchannel evaporator coil includes an inlet manifold and an outlet manifold. The inlet manifold has an inlet port for receiving refrigerant, and the outlet manifold has an outlet port for discharging the refrigerant.

A vacuum enhancing check valve for direct connection to a vehicle brake booster which increases the partial vacuum provided thereto and restricts possible air back flow into the brake booster. The valve comprises a venturi for reducing the pressure of air induced to flow between a first air inlet and an air outlet by a partial vacuum at a vehicle engine's intake manifold. By significantly reducing the air pressure, the valve enhances the partial vacuum available for provision to the brake booster. The venturi is also in air communication with a second air inlet directly attachable to the brake booster such that the air pressure at the second air inlet tends toward the enhanced partial vacuum within the venturi. A valve seat and seal member within the valve are cooperative to allow air flow from the second air inlet toward the venturi, but not in the reverse direction.

An apparatus for cooling at least one heated surface includes a base plate defining a number of inlet and outlet manifolds. The inlet manifolds are configured to receive a coolant, and the outlet manifolds exhaust the coolant. The inlet and outlet manifolds are interleaved. The apparatus also includes at least one substrate having inner and outer surfaces. The inner surface is coupled to the base plate and defines a number of microchannels that receive the coolant from the inlet manifolds and deliver the coolant to the outlet manifolds. The microchannels are oriented substantially perpendicular to the inlet and outlet manifolds. The outer surface is in thermal contact with the heated surface. The apparatus also includes an inlet plenum that supplies the coolant to the inlet manifolds, and an outlet plenum that exhausts the coolant from the outlet manifolds. The inlet plenum and outlet plenum are oriented in a plane of the base plate.

When an injection sharing ratio r is neither 0 nor 1, an engine ECU executes a program including a step of calculating a purge reduction amount of an in-cylinder injector as fpg×r and calculating a purge reduction amount of an intake manifold injector as fpg×(1-r) when performing purge processing according to a current fuel injection sharing ratio of the injectors, and a step of calculating a correction fuel injection amount of the in-cylinder injector by raising the fuel injection amount to a minimum fuel injection amount, and calculating a correction fuel injection amount of the intake manifold injector by subtracting the raised amount from the fuel injection amount of the intake manifold injector when the fuel injection amount of the in-cylinder injector calculated by using the purge reduction amount is lower than the minimum injection amount.

EGR systems for an internal combustion engine configured to operate using multiple-staged turbochargers, or a pair of single stage turbochargers, to provide exhaust gas recirculation to meet emissions requirements while not affecting engine performance. One or two EGR loops operating at low, intermediate, or high pressures may be employed. EGR exhaust gases may be taken directly from the exhaust manifold, or after the exhaust stream has passed through a turbocharger turbine. EGR exhaust gases may be injected at an intermediate pressure between stages of a multiple stage turbocharger, or alternatively between a low pressure turbocharger compressor and high pressure turbocharger compressor, before being boosted to a pressure high enough to ensure the desired mass flow to the engine and delivered to the intake manifold. Intake air may be pressurized prior to mixing with the EGR exhaust gases.

Apparatus and method are provided for facilitating liquid cooling one or more components of an electronic subsystem chassis disposed within an electronics rack. The apparatus includes a rack-level coolant manifold assembly and at least one movable chassis-level manifold subassembly. The rack-level coolant manifold assembly includes a rack-level inlet manifold and a rack-level outlet manifold, and each movable chassis-level manifold subassembly includes a chassis-level coolant inlet manifold coupled in fluid communication with the rack-level inlet manifold, and a chassis-level coolant outlet manifold coupled in fluid communication with the rack-level outlet manifold. The chassis-level manifold subassembly is slidably coupled to the electronics rack to facilitate access to one or more removable components of the electronic subsystem chassis. In one embodiment, the electronics subsystem chassis is a multi-blade center system having multiple removable blades, each blade being an electronics subsystem.

A filter for separating contaminants from a gas stream, including (a) a housing having a housing body and a housing head, the housing head having an inlet for the gas stream to be purified, an outlet and a first sealing surface, and (b) a filter element accommodated in the housing, having an element head and an element body having a central element axis and an element interior. The element head has a second sealing surface which cooperates with the first sealing surface. A curved inlet manifold is formed between the inlet and the element interior. The inlet manifold is embodied partly in the housing head and partly in the element head such that the first and second sealing surfaces contact in a sealing plane at a 90° to 60° angle to the element axis. A radially arranged seal is provided on the sealing plane, forming one of the sealing surfaces.

An engine ECU executes a program including the steps of: determining presence of abnormality in a low-pressure fuel system; ceasing an intake manifold injector when determination is made of abnormality in the low-pressure fuel system; increasing the target purge rate when the engine operation state attains an injection partaking state between an in-cylinder injector and an intake manifold injector; reducing the VVT overlap; and retarding the ignition timing.

A system is disclosed for diagnosing operation of an EGR cooler disposed in-line with an EGR conduit fluidly coupled between an intake manifold and an exhaust manifold of the engine such that exhaust gas flowing through the EGR conduit also flows through the EGR cooler. The EGR cooler is coupled to an engine cooling system such that coolant fluid circulating through the engine also circulates through the EGR cooler. Means are provided for determining a temperature of exhaust gas produced by the engine, a temperature of exhaust gas exiting the EGR cooler, a temperature of the coolant fluid and a flow rate of exhaust gas through the EGR conduit. A control computer is configured to diagnose operation the EGR cooler as a function of the temperature of exhaust gas produced by the engine, the EGR cooler outlet temperature, the engine coolant temperature and the EGR flow rate.

An internal combustion engine system includes an intake manifold, a combustion chamber, an exhaust manifold and exhaust gas recirculation apparatus for recirculating a portion of the exhausted gases from the exhaust manifold to the intake manifold. An estimate intake manifold oxygen concentration is determined from the air fraction within the intake manifold which is determined from an engine system model that provides interdependent air mass fractions at various locations within the engine system.

This invention is directed to an apparatus and method for providing improved control of fuel, preferably gaseous fuel, to an internal combustion engine such that each cylinder of the engine will operate within a predetermined tolerance off of its lean misfire limit. The disclosed system introduces fuel to the engine at two locations: (1) upstream of the intake manifold to provide premixing of a majority of the fuel with air, and (2) near the intake valve of each cylinder for tailoring the fuel flow to each cylinder to achieve that fuel-to-air ratio which is necessary to maintain each cylinder at the desired tolerance from the lean misfire limit. Several calibration and control methods are described to maximize performance of the fuel system, including the use of a misfire detection technique to determine the lean misfire limit of each cylinder to allow the respective port fuel injector to provide a specified margin from lean misfire. The present invention enhances engine performance and driveability while reducing exhaust emissions.

Methods and systems are provided for generating vacuum from crankcase ventilation flow. During both directions of gas flow between an engine intake manifold and a crankcase, gases are directed through one or more aspirators to produce vacuum. The drawn vacuum may then be used to operate various engine vacuum actuators.

A method and a device for operating an internal combustion engine having an intake manifold and a ventilation system may allow a reliable and fault-free diagnosis of a fault in the ventilation. The ventilation system may be a tank ventilation or a crankcase ventilation. The ventilation duct is conducted to the intake manifold of the internal combustion engine. At least one pressure differential may be determined between an intake-manifold pressure or an ambient pressure, on the one hand, and a pressure in the ventilation duct, on the other hand. A fault in the ventilation may be diagnosed as a function of the at least one pressure differential.