Landscape ecological ditch capable of intercepting nitrogen and phosphorus

Abstract

The utility model relates to the technical field of ecological ditches in land reclamation engineering, in particular to a landscape ecological ditch capable of intercepting nitrogen and phosphorus, which comprises a ditch body and a nitrogen and phosphorus intercepting device arranged in the ditch body, the ditch body comprises a ditch bottom and ditch walls on two sides, and the ditch walls on the two sides are identical in structure. The ecological bricks are composed of ecological bricks with ecological holes; the nitrogen and phosphorus intercepting device is arranged between channel walls on the two sides, located in the middle of a channel and connected with the channel walls on the two sides and comprises a shell, flow guide walls and a three-dimensional geonet filled with adsorption materials, the flow guide walls are arranged in the shell and located on the left side and the right side in the shell, one end of each flow guide wall is connected with the shell, and the other end of each flow guide wall is not connected with the shell. Three-dimensional geonet pads are laid at a water flow inlet and a water flow outlet of the nitrogen and phosphorus intercepting device and at the top of the shell. According to the utility model, the traditional irrigation and water conservancy requirements can be met in the land reclamation project, the water quality can be purified, and the landscape aesthetics can be improved.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The utility model relates to the technical field of ecological ditch in land consolidation project, concretely relates to a landscape ecological ditch of nitrogen and phosphorus interception. BACKGROUND

[0002] Irrigation and drainage engineering is a very important link in land consolidation project, and channel engineering is the basis of irrigation and drainage engineering. With the increasing influence of human activities on the natural environment, the traditional farmland irrigation and drainage ditch usually ignores the problems of water pollution and landscape demand. The existing ditch design mainly focuses on flood control, water delivery efficiency, irrigation and drainage and other water conservancy functions, and less considers the ecological benefits and landscape benefits of the ditch. Although the existing ditch design has made certain progress in protecting plant growth and water management, such as by adding drainage holes and water level control facilities, these designs are less involved in the landscape properties of farmland ditches and the treatment of polluted water sources. Most ditches usually use simple concrete structures to achieve safety and low cost, especially the traditional three-side light ditch not only lacks landscape beauty, but also easily causes soil erosion, increases the risk of non-point source pollution, and directly affects the normal activities of farmland animals and the protection of biodiversity, which will lead to waste of land resources, deterioration of ecological environment, increase of landscape fragmentation, and decrease of ecological system stability. Therefore, in order to solve the existing environmental pollution, reduce the pollution of the ditch, and beautify the environment, it is urgent to develop an ecological ditch that can not only meet the traditional farmland water conservancy demand, but also purify water quality, improve landscape aesthetics, fully consider animal protection and ecological diversity. SUMMARY

[0003] In order to overcome the shortcomings of the prior art, the utility model provides a landscape ecological ditch of nitrogen and phosphorus interception, which can purify irrigation water sources, intercept pollutants such as nitrogen and phosphorus, and improve the landscape aesthetic properties of farmland ditches and the effect of protecting animals on the basis of guaranteeing the basic function of channel water delivery in land consolidation project.

[0004] In order to achieve the above purpose, the utility model specifically adopts the following technical schemes:

[0005] The landscape ecological ditch of nitrogen and phosphorus interception comprises a ditch body and a nitrogen and phosphorus interception device arranged in the ditch body, the ditch body comprises a ditch bottom and two side ditch walls, the inner bottom surface of the ditch bottom is sequentially paved with a ditch bottom soil layer and pebbles from bottom to top, and aquatic plants are planted on the ditch bottom soil layer; the two side ditch walls have the same structure and are composed of ecological bricks with ecological holes, a ditch wall soil layer is arranged in the ecological holes of the ecological bricks, and hydrophilic plants are planted on the ditch wall soil layer; the nitrogen and phosphorus interception device is arranged between the two side ditch walls, located in the middle of the ditch, connected with the two side ditch walls, and comprises an outer shell, a flow guide wall and a three-dimensional geotechnical net filled with adsorptive material, the flow guide wall is arranged in the outer shell and located on the left and right sides of the inner shell, one end of the flow guide wall is connected with the outer shell, the other end of the flow guide wall is not connected with the outer shell, and the flow guide wall is symmetrically arranged in a spaced mode, and the three-dimensional geotechnical net mat is arranged on the water inlet and outlet of the nitrogen and phosphorus interception device and the top of the outer shell.

[0006] Further, the ditch bottom soil layer comprises a clay layer and a sand gravel layer from bottom to top.

[0007] Further, the inner diameter of the ecological hole of the ecological brick is 30-50 mm, the ditch wall soil layer comprises a clay layer and a sand gravel layer, and the clay layer is located below the sand gravel layer.

[0008] Further, the side slope ratio of the ditch wall is 1:0.5-1:1.5.

[0009] Further, a foot guard is arranged at the connection between the ditch wall and the ditch bottom, and a shoulder guard is arranged at the upper end of the ditch wall.

[0010] Further, the ecological brick is one of a wave-shaped buckle type, a square buckle type, an interlocking buckle type, a prefabricated square block type and a prefabricated hexagonal block type, and the thickness is 6-10 cm, and the roughness is controlled to be 0.022-0.0235.

[0011] Further, the hydrophilic plant is one or a combination of more than one of reed, lotus, cattail, water onion, bitter grass, adiantum capillus-veneris and buttonbush.

[0012] Further, the nitrogen and phosphorus interception device is planted with emergent plants.

[0013] Further, a plant fence is arranged on the three-dimensional geotechnical net mat at the top of the outer shell, and the stability of the emergent plants is enhanced to beautify the ditch landscape.

[0014] The utility model has the following characteristics and beneficial effects:

[0015] 1) By setting nitrogen and phosphorus interception device, reducing water pollution by the adsorption of plants and internal filler, and increasing the contact area of water flow with nitrogen and phosphorus interception device by diversion wall, prolonging the residence time of water flow on the filter device, facilitating better water purification.

[0016] 2) According to the different growth environment in different positions of the ditch, different plants are planted in different positions of the ditch bottom and the ditch wall, and the aesthetic property of the ditch landscape is increased.

[0017] 3) By planting plants and rough ditch wall design, a convenient escape channel is provided for terrestrial animals who accidentally fall into the ditch. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0018] Other features, objects and advantages of the present application will become more apparent from the following detailed description of non-limiting embodiments, made with reference to the accompanying drawings:

[0019] Figure 1 A structural schematic view of a nitrogen and phosphorus interception landscape ecological ditch according to an embodiment of the present application.

[0020] Figure 2 A cross-sectional structural schematic view of a nitrogen and phosphorus interception device according to an embodiment of the present application.

[0021] Figure 3 A top view structural schematic view of a nitrogen and phosphorus interception device according to an embodiment of the present application.

[0022] Figure 4 A structural schematic view of a single ecological brick according to an embodiment of the present application.

[0023] In the drawings:

[0024] 1, ditch bottom; 2, ditch bottom soil layer; 3, ditch bottom clay layer; 4, ditch bottom sand and gravel layer; 5, pebble layer; 6, foot guard; 7, ditch wall; 8, nitrogen and phosphorus interception device; 9, shoulder guard; 10, emergent plant; 11, aquatic plant; 12, hydrophilic plant; 13, three-dimensional geotechnical net mat; 14, adsorptive material; 15, shell; 16, plant fence; 17, diversion wall; 18, ditch wall soil layer; 19, ecological brick. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0025] The present application will be described in detail below with specific embodiments. The following embodiments will help those skilled in the art to further understand the present application, but do not limit the present application in any form. It should be noted that the embodiments in the present application and the features in the embodiments can be combined with each other without conflict.

[0026] The utility model discloses a nitrogen and phosphorus interception's landscape ecological ditch contains biological part and engineering part, and biological part includes the plant of planting in the bottom of ditch and the wall of ditch, nitrogen and phosphorus interception device top, has unique structure and can exert ecosystem service function. Figure 1 、 Figure 2 As shown in the specific embodiment, the landscape ecological ditch comprises a ditch body and a nitrogen and phosphorus interception device 8, and the ditch body comprises a ditch bottom 1 and ditch walls 7 on both sides.

[0027] The ditch bottom 1 of the ditch has a width of 1 m, and the ditch bottom 1 is provided with a 10 cm ditch soil layer 2, which comprises a 5 cm clay layer 3 and a 5 cm sand and gravel layer 4 from bottom to top. The clay layer 3 is preliminarily compacted, and then the sand and gravel layer 4 is arranged. The clay layer 3 has a compact texture, which can effectively prevent water loss due to permeation, and the sand and gravel layer 4 has a soft and moderate texture, which is suitable for plant root growth.

[0028] Aquatic plants 11 are planted in the ditch soil layer 2, and in this embodiment, the aquatic plants are reeds. The reed is a common aquatic plant, which can not only beautify the landscape, but also purify water quality, and plays an important role in protecting aquatic organisms and improving water quality. A 3 cm pebble layer 5 is arranged on the surface of the ditch soil layer 2. The pebble layer can reduce the loss of the ditch soil layer 2 and beautify the environment, and provide temporary shelters for aquatic animals in the ditch.

[0029] The ditch walls 7 on both sides of the ditch have the same structure, and in this embodiment, the slope ratio of the ditch walls 7 on both sides is 1:1.5. The ditch walls 7 on both sides are preliminarily compacted. Ecological bricks 19 are arranged on the ditch walls 7, and the ecological bricks 19 are prefabricated hexagonal ecological bricks with a thickness of 6 cm. The ecological bricks 19 are more conducive to plant growth, and greatly reduce the use of concrete, thereby reducing energy consumption and carbon emissions.

[0030] The ditch wall soil layer 18 is filled in the brick hole of the prefabricated hexagonal ecological brick 19, and the ditch wall soil layer 18 comprises a clay layer and a sand and gravel layer, with the clay layer being located below the sand and gravel layer. Hydrophilic plants 12 are planted in the ditch wall soil layer, and the hydrophilic plants are one or more combinations of reed, lotus, cattail, water chives, bitter grass, iron wire fern and copper coin grass. In this embodiment, the hydrophilic plants 12 are copper coin grass. Planting hydrophilic plants on the ditch walls on both sides can increase the natural beauty of greening, and the copper coin grass has strong adaptability to the environment, can conserve water and soil, purify water quality, improve the environment, and at the same time can fix soil, reduce water and soil loss and water body eutrophication. It also provides a shorter path and a rough surface escape channel for terrestrial animals that accidentally fall into the ditch, and facilitates the homing or migration of aquatic animals.

[0031] The foot guard 6 is arranged at the joint of the channel bottom 1 and the two side channel walls 7, and the shoulder guard 9 is arranged at the upper end of the channel wall 7, so that the overall structure of the ditch is more solid, and the natural transition of the ditch and the road is ensured.

[0032] The nitrogen and phosphorus interception device 8 has a length of 1 m and a width of 60 cm. The flow guide wall 17 of the nitrogen and phosphorus interception device 8 has a length of 70 cm and is arranged on the left and right sides in the shell 15, one end of the flow guide wall 17 is connected to the shell 15, and the other end of the flow guide wall 17 is not connected to the shell 15, and the flow guide wall 17 is arranged in a spaced and symmetrical manner. The nitrogen and phosphorus interception effect is realized by the adsorption of the adsorption material 14, the adsorption material 14 is single sulfur and iron composite minerals, the composite filter material has the function of intercepting suspended pollutants, and also serves as a slow-release electron donor to drive the attached autotrophic denitrifying bacteria to realize denitrification. The emergent plants 10 are planted on the nitrogen and phosphorus interception device 8, and in this embodiment, the emergent plants 10 planted on the nitrogen and phosphorus interception device 8 are reeds or cattails.

[0033] The three-dimensional geotechnical net mat 13 is arranged on the front and back of the water flow direction of the nitrogen and phosphorus interception device 8 and the top of the device shell, the pores of the three-dimensional geotechnical net mat 13 are beneficial to the growth of plants, and the three-dimensional geotechnical net mat 13 has good air permeability and water permeability. In addition, the three-dimensional geotechnical net mat 13 can also filter silt and pollutants, provide suitable conditions for the growth of plants, and create a good ditch ecological landscape. The plant fence 16 is arranged on the three-dimensional geotechnical net mat 13 at the top of the device, and the stability of the emergent plants 10 is enhanced to beautify the ditch landscape.

[0034] The principle of the utility model is as follows: the plants on the top of the nitrogen and phosphorus interception device and the adsorption material in the interior adsorb and filter irrigation and drainage water, and the flow guide wall is used to slow down the water speed to enhance the purification effect. The soil layer and the pebble layer are arranged on the channel bottom, the ecological bricks are arranged on the two side channel walls, and different hydrophilic plants are planted on the channel bottom and the two side channel walls, so that the natural environment is simulated, the rough and plant-filled ditch side wall is constructed, the natural ecological landscape of the ditch is increased, and the environment is beautified.

[0035] The basic principle, main features and advantages of the utility model are shown and described above. Those skilled in the art should understand that the utility model is not limited to the above-mentioned embodiments, the above-mentioned embodiments and the description in the specification are only preferred examples of the utility model, and are not used to limit the utility model, various changes and improvements of the utility model can be made without departing from the spirit and scope of the utility model, and these changes and improvements all fall within the scope of the utility model. The protection scope of the utility model is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A landscape ecological trench for interception of nitrogen and phosphorus, comprising a trench body and a nitrogen and phosphorus interception device (8) arranged in the trench body, characterized in that: The ditch body comprises a ditch bottom (1) and two side ditch walls (7) which are identical in structure and are composed of ecological bricks (19) with ecological holes; the nitrogen and phosphorus interception device (8) is arranged between the two side ditch walls (7) and comprises a shell (15), a flow guide wall (17) and a three-dimensional geotechnical mesh mat (13) filled with adsorptive material (14), the flow guide wall (17) is arranged in the shell (15) and is connected to the shell (15) at one end and is symmetrically arranged in an interval mode, and the three-dimensional geotechnical mesh mat (13) is arranged at the water inflow and outflow of the nitrogen and phosphorus interception device (8) and the top of the shell (15).

2. A landscape ecological ditch of nitrogen and phosphorus interception according to claim 1, characterized in that: The inner bottom surface of the ditch bottom (1) is sequentially paved with a ditch bottom soil layer (2) and pebbles (5) from bottom to top, and aquatic plants (11) are planted on the ditch bottom soil layer (2).

3. A landscape ecological trench for intercepting nitrogen and phosphorus according to claim 2, characterized in that: The ditch bottom soil layer (2) comprises a clay layer (3) and a sand gravel layer (4) from bottom to top.

4. A landscape ecological trench for intercepting nitrogen and phosphorus according to claim 1, characterized in that: The ecological holes of the ecological bricks (19) have an inner diameter of 30-50 mm, and a ditch wall soil layer (18) is arranged in the ecological holes, and hydrophilic plants (12) are planted on the ditch wall soil layer (18).

5. A landscape ecological trench for intercepting nitrogen and phosphorus according to claim 1, characterized in that: The side slope ratio of the ditch wall (7) is 1:0.5-1:1.

5.

6. A landscape ecological trench for intercepting nitrogen and phosphorus according to claim 1, characterized in that: The connecting part of the ditch wall (7) and the ditch bottom (1) is provided with a foot guard (6), and the upper end of the ditch wall (7) is provided with a shoulder guard (9).

7. A landscape ecological trench for intercepting nitrogen and phosphorus according to claim 1, characterized in that: The ecological bricks (19) are one of a wave-shaped buckle type, a square buckle type, an interlocking buckle type, a prefabricated square block type and a prefabricated hexagonal block type, and have a thickness of 6-10 cm and a roughness controlled in a range of 0.022-0.0235.

8. A landscape ecological trench for intercepting nitrogen and phosphorus according to claim 4, characterized in that: The hydrophilic plants (12) are one or a combination of more than one of reed, lotus, cattail, water chives, bitter grass, adiantum capillus-veneris and Japanese knotweed.

9. A landscape ecological trench for intercepting nitrogen and phosphorus according to claim 1, characterized in that: The nitrogen and phosphorus interception device (8) is planted with emergent plants (10).

10. A landscape ecological trench for intercepting nitrogen and phosphorus according to claim 1, characterized in that: The three-dimensional geotechnical mesh mat (13) at the top of the shell (15) is additionally provided with a plant fence (16).

Images