Vehicle-mounted super capacitor main controller

Abstract

The utility model discloses a vehicle-mounted super capacitor main controller, which comprises an MCU (Microprogrammed Control Unit); the ISOSPI communication unit is connected with the MCU unit and is used for realizing sub-controller cascading and sub-controller data interaction; the external data interaction module is connected with the MCU unit and is used for external data interaction of the MCU unit; the charging port monitoring unit is connected with the MCU unit and is used for detecting the access state of the charging port and current allowed to pass through the charging pile; the input and output unit is connected with the MCU unit and used for input and output processing of the digital semaphore and the analog semaphore; the onboard storage unit is connected with the MCU unit and is used for storing abnormal event records; and the power supply management unit is used for providing working voltage and low power consumption management for all the units. The vehicle-mounted super capacitor has abundant communication interfaces and signal input and output interfaces, and can effectively support various application scenes of the vehicle-mounted super capacitor.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The utility model relates to supercapacitor control equipment technical field especially relates to a kind of vehicle-mounted supercapacitor main controller. BACKGROUND

[0002] Traditional vehicle-mounted power supply mainly uses lithium battery as energy storage equipment, and is widely used in electric vehicles and hybrid electric vehicles. However, lithium batteries face problems such as capacity loss, impedance increase and heating during use, especially at extreme temperatures, which can cause performance degradation and safety hazards.

[0003] Under this background, supercapacitors are gradually considered as a power replacement solution for some applications in electric vehicles. With its high power density, fast charging and discharging capability, and long cycle life, supercapacitors can release a large amount of energy in a short time, which is very suitable for applications that require frequent acceleration and regenerative braking. Although its energy density is relatively low, it is precisely because of this that supercapacitors are particularly suitable for use in short-distance running scenarios such as buses and sightseeing vehicles that have no obvious requirements for endurance. In addition, the durability and low maintenance requirements of supercapacitors make them have obvious advantages in the field of public transportation, reducing operating costs.

[0004] However, supercapacitors still face challenges such as voltage imbalance and temperature changes in practical applications, which can affect their overall performance and service life. Current control systems mainly focus on basic voltage monitoring and temperature protection, lacking comprehensive analysis and management of the real-time state of supercapacitors. Therefore, it is particularly important to develop an integrated and efficient supercapacitor controller that has intelligent monitoring, real-time adjustment and optimization management functions to improve the safety, stability and service life of supercapacitors in the field of buses and sightseeing vehicles, thereby meeting the complex needs of modern vehicle-mounted power supplies.

[0005] To this end, the applicant proposes a simple, effective and multi-interface vehicle-mounted supercapacitor main controller with higher precision and flexibility, and data analysis capabilities to support intelligent decision-making processes. This will help to promote the application of supercapacitors in the field of vehicle-mounted power supplies and provide more efficient solutions for energy management. UTILITY MODEL CONTENT

[0006] The technical problem to be solved by the utility model is to provide a simple, effective and multi-interface vehicle-mounted supercapacitor main controller to overcome the deficiencies of the prior art.

[0007] The technical problem to be solved by the utility model can be solved by using the following technical solutions:

[0008] A vehicle-mounted supercapacitor main controller, comprising:

[0009] MCU unit for processing various signals and executing control instructions;

[0010] ISOSPI communication unit connected with the MCU unit, for realizing sub-controller cascade and sub-controller data interaction;

[0011] External data interaction module connected with the MCU unit, for the MUC unit to carry out data interaction externally;

[0012] Charging port monitoring unit connected with the MCU unit, for detecting the access state of the charging interface and the allowable current of the charging pile;

[0013] Input and output unit connected with the MCU unit, for input and output processing of digital signal quantity and analog signal quantity;

[0014] Onboard storage unit connected with the MCU unit, for storing abnormal event records; and

[0015] Power management unit for providing working voltage and low-power consumption management for the above-mentioned units.

[0016] In a preferred embodiment of the utility model, the MCU unit is an STM32F407 series chip.

[0017] In a preferred embodiment of the utility model, the ISOSPI communication unit adopts a bidirectional ISOSPI communication structure.

[0018] In a preferred embodiment of the utility model, the external data interaction module includes a CAN communication unit, an RS485 communication unit and an Ethernet communication unit connected with the MCU unit respectively.

[0019] In one preferred embodiment of the utility model, the CAN communication unit is connected with the power management unit through the first isolation DC-DC power conversion module on one hand, and is electrically isolated and connected with the MCU unit through the first magnetic isolating device on the other hand, the CAN communication unit supports four-way CAN communication physical interface, and one-way CAN communication interface has low-power wake-up function;The RS485 communication unit is connected with the power management unit through the second isolation DC-DC power conversion module on one hand, and is electrically isolated and connected with the MCU unit through the second magnetic isolating device on the other hand, the RS485 communication unit supports two-way RS485 communication physical interface, each way RS485 communication physical interface supports the application programming of main controller, firmware update function, and supports MODBUS-RTU protocol, and has perfect function of master and slave station;The Ethernet communication unit is electrically isolated and connected with the MCU unit through the third magnetic isolating device, the Ethernet communication unit supports MODBUS-RTU protocol, and supports the interconnection and intercommunication between multiple devices.

[0020] In one preferred embodiment of the utility model, the charging port monitoring unit has multi-contact monitoring function, and the monitored contacts include vehicle AC charging connection confirmation contact, vehicle DC charging connection confirmation contact, low-voltage auxiliary power supply positive circuit contact, low-voltage auxiliary power supply negative circuit contact, protection connection vehicle body circuit contact, charging gun signal end and vehicle charging port end connection confirmation contact and voltage signal detection contact.

[0021] In one preferred embodiment of the utility model, the input and output unit supports 8-way digital quantity input, 10-way digital quantity output, 4-way analog quantity input and 1-way PWM analog quantity output, and the 4-way analog quantity input is respectively 2-way current type input and 2-way voltage type input.

[0022] In one preferred embodiment of the utility model, the power management unit has multiple low-power wake-up sources, which are CAN communication wake-up source, KEYON wake-up source, charging port connection wake-up source, auxiliary power supply wake-up source and real-time clock wake-up source.

[0023] The utility model discloses the beneficial effect lies in: the utility model has rich communication interface and signal input output interface, can effectively support the multiple application scene of vehicle-mounted super capacitor. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0024] In order to make the technical means, creative characteristics, purposes and effects of the utility model easy to understand, the utility model is further described below in combination with specific drawings.

[0025] Figure 1 It is the structure schematic diagram of the utility model.

[0026] Figure 2 It is the main, sub-controller ISOSPI cascade schematic diagram of the utility model.

[0027] Figure 3 It is the charging port monitoring schematic diagram of the utility model.

[0028] Figure 4 It is the wake -up source schematic diagram of the utility model. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0029] In order to make the technical means, creative characteristics, purposes and effects of the utility model easy to understand, the utility model is further described below in combination with specific drawings.

[0030] Referring to Figure 1 , the figure gives a kind of vehicle-mounted super capacitor main controller, including MCU unit 10, ISOSPI communication unit 20, external data interaction module, charging port monitoring unit 40, input output unit 50, on-board storage unit 60 and power management unit 70.

[0031] The MCU unit 10 is powered by the power management unit 70 and quickly enters the normal working mode by the wake-up source of the power management unit 70. The MCU unit 10 is responsible for processing the voltage, temperature, current and other signals provided by the ISOSPI communication unit 20; responsible for processing the data interaction of the external data interaction module; detects the connection state of the charging interface and the current allowed by the charging pile through the charging port monitoring unit 40; responsible for processing the data of the input and output unit 50; records the alarm and other abnormal events through the on-board storage unit 60. In the embodiment, the MCU unit 10 preferably adopts an STM32F407 series chip.

[0032] The ISOSPI communication unit 20 is connected with the MCU unit 10 and is used for realizing the cascade of sub-controllers and data interaction. The ISOSPI communication unit 20 adopts a bidirectional ISOSPI design, which avoids the situation that when a certain super capacitor sub-controller fails, the subsequent super capacitor sub-controllers cannot communicate, and the connection mode is as shown in Figure 2 In the embodiment, the ISOSPI communication unit 20 preferably adopts an LTC6820 chip.

[0033] The external data interaction module includes a CAN communication unit 31, an RS485 communication unit 32 and an Ethernet communication unit 33 which are respectively connected with the MCU unit 10.

[0034] The CAN communication unit 31 supports communication parameter configuration, CAN free port protocol, etc., is mainly used for communicating with external devices such as VCU, charging machine, etc., and supports the connection protocol of sub-controllers with CAN interface, so as to realize the cascade expansion of sub-controllers. In the embodiment, the CAN communication unit 31 has four CAN physical interfaces, one of which has a low-power wake-up function. The CAN communication unit 31 is connected with the power management unit 70 through an isolated DC-DC power conversion module, is powered by the power management unit 70, and is electrically isolated from the MCU unit 10 through a magnetic isolation device. In the embodiment, the CAN communication unit 31 preferably adopts a TJA1043T series chip or a TJA1050T series chip.

[0035] The RS485 communication unit 32 supports communication parameter configuration, MODBUS master-slave station protocol, and is used for communication with external devices, such as connection with a touch screen human-machine interface (HMI). In the embodiment, the RS485 communication unit 32 has two RS485 physical interfaces, supports connection with a computer, and realizes configuration, application programming, and firmware updating functions of the main controller. The RS485 communication unit 32 is connected with the power management unit 70 through an isolated DC-DC power conversion module, is powered by the power management unit 70, and is electrically isolated from the MCU unit 10 through a magnetic isolation device. In the embodiment, the RS485 communication unit 32 preferably uses a CA-IS3082W chip.

[0036] The Ethernet communication unit 33 supports MODBUS-TCP protocol, and is used for connection with a central control unit (CAU) and a touch screen human-machine interface (HMI). In the embodiment, the Ethernet communication unit 33 supports connection with a computer, realizes configuration, application programming, and firmware updating functions of the main controller, and the wiring terminal of the Ethernet communication unit 33 is also electrically isolated from the MCU unit 10 through a magnetic isolation device. In the embodiment, the Ethernet communication unit 33 preferably uses a LAN8742 chip.

[0037] The charging port monitoring unit 40 has a multi-contact monitoring function, as shown in FIG. 4, Figure 3 which monitors contacts including a vehicle alternating current charging connection confirmation contact CC, a vehicle direct current charging connection confirmation contact CC2, a low-voltage auxiliary power supply positive circuit contact A+, a low-voltage auxiliary power supply negative circuit contact A-, a protection connection vehicle body circuit contact PE, a charging gun signal end and vehicle charging port end connection confirmation contact CP, and voltage signal detection contacts 2 and 3.

[0038] Among them, the vehicle alternating current charging connection confirmation contact CC is used to confirm the connection between the vehicle and the alternating current charging device. The vehicle direct current charging connection confirmation contact CC2 is used for direct current charging connection confirmation, and the contact CC2 judges whether the charging gun is inserted through the voltage division of its own resistance R5 and the resistance R3 of the charging interface. The positive circuit contact A+ of the low-voltage auxiliary power supply and the negative circuit contact A- of the low-voltage auxiliary power supply provide the auxiliary power supply wake-up source for the system. The protection contact PE of the vehicle body ensures the safety of the charging process. The charging gun signal end and the vehicle charging port end connection confirmation contact CP are used for vehicle charging port connection confirmation, realizing data communication and state feedback. The voltage signal detection contact 3 accurately identifies the access state of the charging gun and the capacity of the charging cable by detecting the opening and closing of switch S3, detecting the series connection of resistance R4 and coil RC, and bypassing. Voltage signal detection contact 2 detects that the charging gun is completely connected and meets the charging conditions, closes switch S2, makes resistance R2 and resistance R3 in parallel, and then in series with resistance R1 inside the alternating current pile, and through 12V voltage division, identifies the alternating current charging pile to give the PWM signal duty cycle, controls the charging machine to start working, and real-time tracks the charging state. These components work together to improve the safety and reliability of the charging interface and ensure the smooth progress of the electric vehicle charging process. The charging port monitoring is shown in Figure 3

[0039] The input and output unit 50 realizes the input and output processing of digital signal quantity and analog signal quantity. In the present embodiment, the input and output unit 50 supports 8-way digital quantity input, 10-way digital quantity output, supports 4-way analog quantity input and supports 1-way PWM analog quantity output. Among them, the 4-way analog quantity input is 2-way current type input and 2-way voltage type input respectively. In the present embodiment, the 8-way digital quantity input of the input and output unit 50 adopts optical coupling isolation, the 10-way digital quantity output adopts Darlington tube + crystal triode to drive relay output, the analog quantity input adopts MT7606 synchronous sampling ADC chip for processing, and the PWM output is driven by FOD3120 current gate driving optical coupling.

[0040] The on-board storage unit 60 is used to store alarm and other abnormal event records. In the present embodiment, the alarm and other abnormal event records recorded by the on-board storage unit 60 are stored as EXCEL text, and can be uploaded to the computer end through the RS485 communication unit 32 or the Ethernet communication unit 33 for data processing. In the present embodiment, the on-board storage unit 60 adopts a 512MB capacity SD-NANDFLASH chip, and the specific model is MKDV4G.

[0041] ​The power management unit 70 provides operating voltage for all the above-mentioned units. Specifically, the power management unit 70 converts the external 24V power supply into 5V and 3.3V voltage through protection devices, isolation transformers, and DC-DC chips, and provides operating voltage for the above-mentioned units. The power management unit 70 also has multiple low-power wake-up sources such as CAN communication wake-up source, KEYON wake-up source, charging port connection wake-up source, auxiliary power wake-up source, and real-time clock wake-up source, so that the main controller quickly enters the normal working mode. The wake-up source connection is as shown in Figure 4 In the embodiment, the power management unit 70 uses TPS560430 to convert 24V voltage into 5V to power the low-power retention circuit, and other non-low-power power supplies use DC-DC chip LM76003 for conversion. When entering the low-power mode, the multi-transistor controls the large-current PMOS IPD50P04 to cut off the power supply of the non-retention circuit, thereby achieving the purpose of reducing power consumption.

[0042] The vehicle-mounted super capacitor main controller has rich communication interfaces and signal input and output interfaces, and can effectively support multiple application scenarios. The utility model adopts integrated design, improves the reliability and flexibility of the system, realizes real-time monitoring and energy management optimization of the super capacitor state. The MCU unit has fast processing capability, cooperates with multiple communication interfaces such as ISOSPI, CAN, RS485 and Ethernet, and ensures efficient interconnection with various devices. The design of the charging port monitoring and input and output unit enhances the safety and operation convenience of the system, reduces the maintenance requirement, and finally realizes efficient management of the vehicle-mounted super capacitor, improves the overall performance and operation efficiency of the public transport vehicle.

[0043] The above shows and describes the basic principles and main features of the utility model and the advantages of the utility model. It should be understood by those skilled in the art that the utility model is not limited by the above-mentioned embodiments, and the above-mentioned embodiments and descriptions in the specification are only to illustrate the principles of the utility model. Without departing from the spirit and scope of the utility model, the utility model can also have various changes and improvements, and these changes and improvements all fall within the scope of the claimed utility model. The scope of protection of the utility model is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. An on-board supercapacitor master controller, characterized by, It comprises: MCU unit for processing various signals and executing control instructions; ISOSPI communication unit connected with the MCU unit for sub-controller cascade and sub-controller data interaction; External data interaction module connected with the MCU unit for external data interaction of the MUC unit; Charging port monitoring unit connected with the MCU unit for detecting the access state of the charging interface and the current allowed by the charging pile; Input and output unit connected with the MCU unit for input and output processing of digital signal quantity and analog signal quantity; Onboard storage unit connected with the MCU unit for storing abnormal event records; And Power management unit for providing working voltage and low-power consumption management for the above-mentioned units.

2. The vehicle-mounted supercapacitor master controller of claim 1, wherein, The MCU unit is an STM32F407 series chip.

3. The vehicle-mounted supercapacitor master controller of claim 1, wherein, The ISOSPI communication unit adopts a bidirectional ISOSPI communication structure.

4. The vehicle-mounted supercapacitor master controller of claim 1, wherein, The external data interaction module includes a CAN communication unit, an RS485 communication unit and an Ethernet communication unit connected with the MCU unit respectively.

5. The vehicle-mounted supercapacitor master controller of claim 4, wherein, The CAN communication unit is connected with the power management unit through a first isolation DC-DC power conversion module and is electrically isolated from the MCU unit through a first magnetic isolation device, and supports four-way CAN communication physical interfaces, one of which has a low-power wake-up function; the RS485 communication unit is connected with the power management unit through a second isolation DC-DC power conversion module and is electrically isolated from the MCU unit through a second magnetic isolation device, and supports two-way RS485 communication physical interfaces, each of which supports application programming of the main controller, firmware update function, and MODBUS-RTU protocol, and has perfect master-slave station function; the Ethernet communication unit is electrically isolated from the MCU unit through a third magnetic isolation device, and supports MODBUS-RTU protocol and interconnection between multiple devices.

6. The vehicle-mounted supercapacitor master controller of claim 1, wherein, The charging port monitoring unit has multi-contact monitoring function, and the monitored contacts include vehicle AC charging connection confirmation contact, vehicle DC charging connection confirmation contact, low-voltage auxiliary power positive circuit contact, low-voltage auxiliary power negative circuit contact, protection connection vehicle body circuit contact, charging gun signal end and vehicle charging port end connection confirmation contact, and voltage signal detection contact.

7. The on-board supercapacitor master controller of claim 1, wherein, The input and output unit supports 8-way digital input, 10-way digital output, 4-way analog input and 1-way PWM analog output, and the 4-way analog input includes 2-way current input and 2-way voltage input.

8. The vehicle-mounted supercapacitor master controller of claim 1, wherein, The power management unit is provided with multiple low-power wake-up sources, which are CAN communication wake-up source, KEYON wake-up source, charging port connection wake-up source, auxiliary power supply wake-up source and real-time clock wake-up source.

Images