Charger protection equipment

Abstract

The utility model discloses charger protection equipment, which comprises a temperature acquisition module, a current acquisition module, a voltage acquisition module, a switch module and a control module, the output end of the temperature acquisition module, the output end of the current acquisition module and the output end of the voltage acquisition module are electrically connected with the control module; the control end of the switch module is electrically connected with the output end of the control module; the output end of the charger is electrically connected with external equipment after passing through the controlled end of the switch module; in conclusion, the charger protection equipment provided by the utility model specifically has the functions of overcurrent protection, overvoltage protection, full-charge turn-off, reverse connection protection, temperature protection and automatic recovery, and compared with charger protection equipment in the prior art, the charger protection equipment can effectively protect a charger from multiple aspects, enhances the safety and reliability of the charger, and improves the reliability of the charger. The defects of a traditional charger under the conditions of over-current, over-voltage, reverse connection and over-high temperature are overcome, and a more intelligent and more efficient protection function is achieved.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The utility model relates to a charger equipment technical field, specifically related to a charger protection equipment. BACKGROUND

[0002] The scheme that most chargers on the market adopt for output protection only uses a big fuse in series in the output line to realize overcurrent protection, and a big power consumption diode is connected in parallel at the two ends of the output positive and negative poles to realize reverse connection protection by using the reverse cut-off characteristic of the diode.

[0003] When the battery is fully charged, the use of the fuse will always charge the battery in a small current mode, and cannot achieve full shutdown, and long-time charging may cause overcharging, bulging, spontaneous combustion and other risks of the battery, and full shutdown is necessary to disconnect either or both of the positive and negative poles, so as to realize full shutdown.

[0004] When the current is greater than the current that the output fuse can withstand, the fuse will be damaged, resulting in no output of the charger, and thus a new fuse needs to be replaced.

[0005] After the charger is reversely connected, the internal reverse connection diode may be damaged, and the charger will not work normally due to the short circuit of the output end of the charger. INVENTION CONTENTS

[0006] The utility model discloses a charger protection equipment, which solves the problem that when the current is greater than the current that the output fuse can withstand, the fuse is damaged, resulting in no output of the charger and the inability to completely cut off the output of the charger.

[0007] To achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the utility model adopts the following technical scheme:

[0008] A charger protection equipment includes a temperature acquisition module for detecting temperature data of the charger, a current acquisition module for detecting current data of the charger, a voltage acquisition module for detecting voltage data of the charger, a switch module for controlling the output end of the charger to be turned off or turned on, and a control module for controlling the switch module to be turned on or turned off; the output end of the temperature acquisition module, the output end of the current acquisition module and the output end of the voltage acquisition module are electrically connected to the control module; the control end of the switch module is electrically connected to the output end of the control module; the output end of the charger is electrically connected to external equipment through the controlled end of the switch module.

[0009] Optionally, the control module specifically comprises: a control chip, a first resistor, a second resistor, a first capacitor, a second capacitor and a third capacitor; a first pin of the control chip is electrically connected with an output end of the temperature acquisition module; a fourth pin of the control chip is connected with ground through the first capacitor; the fourth pin of the control chip is electrically connected with a 3.3V voltage end through the first resistor; a seventh pin of the control chip is connected with ground; a ninth pin of the control chip is electrically connected with the 3.3V voltage end; the ninth pin of the control chip is also connected with ground through the second capacitor; an eleventh pin of the control chip is electrically connected with a control end of the switch module; a fourteenth pin of the control chip is connected with ground through the second resistor and the third capacitor in sequence; a nineteenth pin of the control chip is electrically connected with an output end of the voltage and current acquisition module; a twentieth pin of the control chip is electrically connected with an output end of the current acquisition module.

[0010] Optionally, the voltage acquisition module specifically comprises: a first operational amplifier; a non-inverting input end of the first operational amplifier is electrically connected with a positive output end of the charger; the non-inverting input end of the first operational amplifier is also electrically connected with a 3.3V voltage end; an inverting input end of the first operational amplifier is electrically connected with a negative output end of the charger; an output end of the first operational amplifier is electrically connected with the nineteenth pin of the control chip.

[0011] Optionally, the current acquisition module specifically comprises: a second operational amplifier, a sampling resistor for acquiring current data of the negative output end of the charger; a non-inverting input end of the second operational amplifier and an inverting input end of the second operational amplifier are respectively electrically connected with two ends of the sampling resistor; an output end of the second operational amplifier is electrically connected with the twentieth pin of the control chip.

[0012] Optionally, the temperature acquisition module comprises: a negative temperature coefficient thermistor for detecting the temperature of the charger; a first end of the negative temperature coefficient thermistor is electrically connected with a 3.3V voltage end; a second end of the negative temperature coefficient thermistor is connected with ground; the first end of the negative temperature coefficient thermistor is also electrically connected with the first pin of the control chip.

[0013] Optionally, the switch module comprises a triode, a first diode, a second diode, a third resistor, a fourth resistor and a relay; the base of the triode is electrically connected with the eleventh pin of the control chip through the third resistor; the base of the triode is grounded through the fourth resistor; the emitter of the triode is grounded; the collector of the triode is electrically connected with the anode of the second diode; the anode of the second diode is electrically connected with the first control end of the relay; the cathode of the second diode is electrically connected with the cathode of the first diode; the cathode of the second diode is also electrically connected with the second control end of the relay; the anode of the first diode is electrically connected with the power supply voltage end; the positive output end of the charger is electrically connected with the external device through the controlled end of the relay.

[0014] Optionally, further comprising an overvoltage protection module and an overcurrent protection module, the input end of the overvoltage protection module is electrically connected with the positive output end of the charger; the input end of the overcurrent protection module is electrically connected with the output end of the second operational amplifier; the output end of the overvoltage protection module and the output end of the overcurrent protection module are both electrically connected with the LLC resonant circuit in the charger.

[0015] Compared with the prior art, the utility model has the advantages of:

[0016] The utility model provides a kind of charger protection equipment, comprising: temperature acquisition module, current acquisition module, voltage acquisition module, switch module and control module;The output end of the temperature acquisition module, the output end of the current acquisition module, the output end of the voltage acquisition module are all electrically connected with the control module;The control end of the switch module is electrically connected with the output end of control module;Charger output end is electrically connected with the device outside through the controlled end of the switch module;Summarized above, the present application proposes a kind of charger protection equipment, specifically comprising: overcurrent protection, overvoltage protection, fullness shutdown, reverse connection protection, temperature protection and automatic recovery function, compared with the charger protection equipment in prior art, can effectively protect charger from multiple aspects, enhances the security and reliability of charger, solves the deficiency of traditional charger under overcurrent, overvoltage, reverse connection and temperature too high, realizes more intelligent, more efficient protection function. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0017] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical scheme in the embodiments of the utility model, the drawings needed to be used in the embodiment description will be briefly introduced as follows, obviously, the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the utility model, and for those skilled in the art, other drawings can also be obtained according to these drawings without creating creative labor.

[0018] Figure 1 It is the circuit principle diagram of the control module of the utility model;

[0019] Figure 2 is the circuit principle drawing of the voltage collection module of the utility model;

[0020] Figure 3 is the circuit principle drawing of the current collection module of the utility model;

[0021] Figure 4 is the circuit principle drawing of the overcurrent protection module and the overvoltage protection module of the utility model;

[0022] Figure 5 is the circuit principle drawing of the temperature collection module of the utility model;

[0023] Figure 6 is the circuit principle drawing of the LLC resonance module in the charger of the utility model;

[0024] Figure 7 is the circuit principle drawing of the switch module of the utility model. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0025] In the utility model, unless another explicit provision and limitation, the terms "mount", "connect", "connect", "fix" and so on should do broad sense understanding, for example, can be fixed connection, also can be detachable connection, or integrally connect, can be mechanical connection, also can be electrical connection, can be direct connection, also can be indirectly connected through intermediate medium, can be the intercommunication of two elements inside. For ordinary skilled in the art, can understand the concrete meaning of the above-mentioned terms in the utility model according to specific circumstances. The terms "first", "second" are only for the purpose of description, and can not be understood as indicating or suggesting relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of indicated technical features. Therefore, the features with "first", "second" can explicitly or implicitly include one or more features.

[0026] In the present invention, unless otherwise expressly specified and limited, a first feature being "above" or "below" a second feature may include the first and second features being in direct contact, or may include the first and second features being in contact not directly but through another feature between them. Moreover, a first feature being "above," "above," and "above" a second feature includes the first feature being directly above and obliquely above the second feature, or simply indicates that the first feature is higher in level than the second feature. A first feature being "below," "below," and "below" a second feature includes the first feature being directly below and obliquely below the second feature, or simply indicates that the first feature is lower in level than the second feature. The terms "vertical," "horizontal," "left," "right," "above," "below," and similar expressions are for illustrative purposes only and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operate in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be understood as limiting the present invention.

[0027] The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be described clearly and completely below in conjunction with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, rather than all the embodiments. Example 1

[0028] like Figures 1-7 A charger protection device shown includes: a temperature acquisition module for detecting charger temperature data, a current acquisition module for detecting charger current data, a voltage acquisition module for detecting charger voltage data, a switch module for controlling the charger output to be turned on or off, and a control module for controlling the switch module to be turned on or off; the output ends of the temperature acquisition module, the current acquisition module, and the voltage acquisition module are all electrically connected to the control module; the control end of the switch module is electrically connected to the output end of the control module; and the charger output end is electrically connected to an external device through the controlled end of the switch module.

[0029] Further, the control module specifically comprises: a control chip U3, a first resistor R6, a second resistor R14, a first capacitor C5, a second capacitor C11 and a third capacitor C10; a first pin of the control chip U3 is electrically connected with an output end of the temperature acquisition module; a fourth pin of the control chip U3 is connected with ground through the first capacitor C5; the fourth pin of the control chip U3 is electrically connected with a 3.3V voltage end through a first resistor; a seventh pin of the control chip U3 is connected with ground; a ninth pin of the control chip U3 is electrically connected with the 3.3V voltage end; the ninth pin of the control chip U3 is also connected with ground through the second capacitor C11; an eleventh pin of the control chip U3 is electrically connected with a control end of the switch module; a fourteenth pin of the control chip U3 is connected with ground in sequence through the second resistor R14 and the third capacitor C10; a nineteenth pin of the control chip U3 is electrically connected with an output end of the voltage and current acquisition module; a twentieth pin of the control chip U3 is electrically connected with an output end of the current acquisition module.

[0030] Specifically, in the present application, the control chip U3 can judge whether the output of the charger needs to be disconnected according to the control signal input by each data acquisition module according to the pre-set program, if yes, a low level is output from the output port, that is, the eleventh pin, so that the switch module becomes off state, and the charger stops outputting the electric signal.

[0031] Further, the voltage acquisition module specifically comprises: a first operational amplifier U2B; a non-inverting input end of the first operational amplifier U2B is electrically connected with a positive output end of the charger; the non-inverting input end of the first operational amplifier U2B is also electrically connected with a 3.3V voltage end; an inverting input end of the first operational amplifier U2B is electrically connected with a negative output end of the charger; an output end of the first operational amplifier is electrically connected with the nineteenth pin of the control chip.

[0032] Specifically, the voltage acquisition module is used for acquiring the voltage output by the charger, and the voltage acquisition module is also used for detecting whether the charger is reversely connected, in the case that the charger is reversely connected, the voltage acquisition module outputs a negative value; in the case that the control chip receives the negative value signal, the control chip outputs a low level at the eleventh pin, so that the charger stops working, and damage of the charger is avoided.

[0033] The voltage acquisition module is also used for overvoltage protection and low voltage protection; when the acquisition value is lower than the software set low voltage protection value, the MCU judges that it is low voltage protection, when the acquisition value is greater than the software set protection value, the MCU judges that it is overvoltage protection, a low level is output through the signal Output_Ctr to make Q10 disconnected, the PLY1-4 pin cannot be connected with GND to form a loop and cannot generate a magnetic field, the 1st pin, the 2nd pin and the 3rd pin are disconnected to realize overvoltage and low voltage protection.

[0034] Further, as shown inFigure 3 、 Figure 7 As shown, the current acquisition module specifically includes: a second operational amplifier U2A, a sampling resistor RS3 for collecting current data at the negative output end of the charger; the non-inverting input end of the second operational amplifier U2A and the inverting input end of the second operational amplifier U2A are electrically connected to the two ends of the sampling resistor RS3 respectively; the output end of the second operational amplifier U2A is electrically connected to the 20th pin of the control chip.

[0035] Specifically, the Io_sens current signal output by the second operational amplifier U2A, when the collected value is greater than the protection value set by the software, the MCU outputs a low level through the signal Output_Ctr to disconnect Q10, and the PLY1-4 pins cannot be connected to GND to form a loop and cannot generate a magnetic field. Pins 1, 2, and 3 are disconnected to achieve overcurrent protection.

[0036] The current acquisition module is also used to implement full-charge shutdown. When the acquired value is less than the shutdown value set by the software, the MCU outputs a low level through the signal Output_Ctr to disconnect Q10. PLY1-4 pins cannot be connected to GND to form a loop and cannot generate a magnetic field. Pins 1, 2, and 3 are disconnected to implement full-charge shutdown.

[0037] Further, such as Figure 5 As shown, the temperature acquisition module includes: a negative temperature coefficient thermistor NTC1 for detecting the temperature of the charger; a first end of the negative temperature coefficient thermistor NTC1 is electrically connected to the 3.3V voltage terminal; a second end of the negative temperature coefficient thermistor NTC1 is grounded; and the first end of the negative temperature coefficient thermistor NTC1 is also electrically connected to the first pin of the control chip U3.

[0038] The control chip U3 collects the charger temperature through the signal Temp. When the collected value is greater than the value set by the software, the control chip U3 outputs a low level through the signal Output_Ctr to disconnect Q10. The PLY1-4 pins cannot be connected to GND, and a loop cannot be formed. The magnetic field cannot be generated. Pins 1, 2, and 3 are disconnected, and the output is disconnected to achieve over-temperature protection.

[0039] Further, the switch module comprises a triode Q10, a first diode D9, a second diode D10, a third resistor R55, a fourth resistor D58 and a relay RLY1; the base of the triode Q10 is electrically connected to the eleventh pin of the control chip U3 through the third resistor R55; the base of the triode Q10 is grounded through the fourth resistor D58; the emitter of the triode Q10 is grounded; the collector of the triode Q10 is electrically connected to the anode of the second diode D10; the anode of the second diode D10 is electrically connected to the first control end of the relay RLY1; the cathode of the second diode D10 is electrically connected to the cathode of the first diode D9; the cathode of the second diode D10 is also electrically connected to the second control end of the relay RLY1; the anode of the first diode D9 is electrically connected to the power supply voltage end VCC; the positive output end of the charger is electrically connected to the external device through the controlled end of the relay RLY1.

[0040] Specifically, in the case of normal operation of the device, the eleventh pin of the control chip U3 outputs high level, and the collector and emitter of the triode Q10 are turned on; the control end of the relay RLY1, that is, the fourth pin and the fifth pin, has a pressure difference capable of driving the electromagnet of the relay to work, and the electromagnet attracts the switch of the relay, so that the charger can normally output the empty seat; when the control chip U3 outputs low level, the triode Q10 is turned off, and the control end pressure difference of the relay RLY1 disappears; the relay does not work, and the switch in the relay is turned off, so that the charger stops working.

[0041] Further, as shown in Figure 4 the overvoltage protection module and the overcurrent protection module are further included, the input end of the overvoltage protection module is electrically connected to the positive output end of the charger; the input end of the overcurrent protection module is electrically connected to the output end of the second operational amplifier; the output end of the overvoltage protection module and the output end of the overcurrent protection module are both electrically connected to the LLC resonant circuit in the charger.

[0042] Specifically, the TL431 is a programmable precision adjustable shunt regulator that maintains a constant output voltage by adjusting the voltage. The working principle is to adjust the voltage by combining the internal reference voltage, usually 2.495V, with the external voltage resistance. The Ref pin of the TL431 is connected to a voltage dividing circuit, which in this application is composed of R18 and R20, to detect the output voltage. When the output voltage rises above the set value of the reference voltage, the TL431 begins to conduct, and current flows through it and through diode D2, which acts as a voltage stabilizer. The TL431 will adjust the conduction state according to the voltage value of the voltage dividing resistor, thereby adjusting the output voltage to prevent overvoltage or abnormal conditions. In this application, the TL431 works together with the BAV70 diode and related resistors to form a control mechanism for overvoltage and overcurrent protection. Once the voltage exceeds the set value, the TL431 will conduct, causing the control end of the optocoupler to emit light, and the controlled end of the optocoupler to conduct, shutting down the EG6599 chip U6 in the LLC resonant module.

[0043] In summary, the present application proposes a charger protection device, specifically including: overcurrent protection, overvoltage protection, full shutdown, reverse connection protection, temperature protection and automatic recovery function, compared with the charger protection device in the prior art, can effectively protect the charger from multiple aspects, enhances the safety and reliability of the charger, solves the deficiencies of traditional chargers in overcurrent, overvoltage, reverse connection and high temperature, and realizes more intelligent and efficient protection function.

[0044] The utility model is not limited to the above-mentioned implementation, if various changes or variations of the utility model do not deviate from the spirit and scope of the utility model, if these changes and variations are within the scope of the claims and equivalent technology of the utility model, the utility model also intends to include these changes and variations.

Claims

1. A charger protection apparatus characterized by comprising: 1) a charger protection device, and include: A temperature acquisition module for detecting temperature data of the charger, a current acquisition module for detecting current data of the charger, a voltage acquisition module for detecting voltage data of the charger, a switch module for controlling the output end of the charger to be turned on or off, and a control module for controlling the switch module to be turned on or off; The output end of the temperature acquisition module, the output end of the current acquisition module, and the output end of the voltage acquisition module are all electrically connected to the control module; The control end of the switch module is electrically connected to the output end of the control module; the output end of the charger is electrically connected to an external device through the controlled end of the switch module.

2. A charger protection apparatus according to claim 1, wherein The control module specifically includes: a control chip, a first resistor, a second resistor, a first capacitor, a second capacitor and a third capacitor; The first pin of the control chip is electrically connected to the output end of the temperature acquisition module; The fourth pin of the control chip is grounded after passing through the first capacitor; the fourth pin of the control chip is electrically connected to the 3.3V voltage terminal after passing through the first resistor; The seventh pin of the control chip is grounded; The ninth pin of the control chip is electrically connected to the 3.3V voltage terminal; the ninth pin of the control chip is also grounded after passing through a second capacitor; The eleventh pin of the control chip is electrically connected to the control end of the switch module; The fourteenth pin of the control chip is connected to ground via the second resistor and the third capacitor in sequence; The nineteenth pin of the control chip is electrically connected to the output end of the voltage and current acquisition module; The 20th pin of the control chip is electrically connected to the output end of the current acquisition module.

3. A charger protection apparatus according to claim 2, wherein The voltage acquisition module specifically includes: a first operational amplifier; The non-inverting input terminal of the first operational amplifier is electrically connected to the positive output terminal of the charger; the non-inverting input terminal of the first operational amplifier is also electrically connected to the 3.3V voltage terminal; The inverting input terminal of the first operational amplifier is electrically connected to the negative output terminal of the charger; The output end of the first operational amplifier is electrically connected to the nineteenth pin of the control chip.

4. A charger protection apparatus according to claim 3, wherein The current acquisition module specifically includes: a second operational amplifier, a sampling resistor for collecting current data of the negative output terminal of the charger; The non-inverting input terminal of the second operational amplifier and the inverting input terminal of the second operational amplifier are electrically connected to the two ends of the sampling resistor respectively; The output end of the second operational amplifier is electrically connected to the 20th pin of the control chip.

5. A charger protection apparatus according to claim 4, wherein The temperature acquisition module includes: a negative temperature coefficient thermistor for detecting the temperature of the charger; The first end of the negative temperature coefficient thermistor is electrically connected to the 3.3V voltage terminal; the second end of the negative temperature coefficient thermistor is grounded; The first end of the negative temperature coefficient thermistor is also electrically connected to the first pin of the control chip.

6. A charger protection apparatus according to claim 5, wherein The switch module includes a transistor, a first diode, a second diode, a third resistor, a fourth resistor and a relay; The base of the transistor is electrically connected to the eleventh pin of the control chip through the third resistor; the base of the transistor is grounded through the fourth resistor; the emitter of the transistor is grounded; and the collector of the transistor is electrically connected to the anode of the second diode; An anode of the second diode is electrically connected with a first control end of the relay; a cathode of the second diode is electrically connected with a cathode of the first diode; the cathode of the second diode is also electrically connected with a second control end of the relay; an anode of the first diode is electrically connected with a power voltage end; A positive output end of the charger is electrically connected with external equipment through the controlled end of the relay.

7. A charger protection apparatus according to claim 6, wherein The overvoltage protection module and the overcurrent protection module are further included, an input end of the overvoltage protection module is electrically connected with the positive output end of the charger; An input end of the overcurrent protection module is electrically connected with an output end of the second operational amplifier; Output ends of the overvoltage protection module and the overcurrent protection module are both electrically connected with an LLC resonant circuit in the charger.

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