Peanut harvesting device
By improving the digging shovel and depth-limiting wheel, the terrain adaptability of the small peanut harvester was enhanced, and a mesh screen was added under the conveying device, the problems of terrain adaptability and fruit shedding of the small peanut harvester were solved, and efficient peanut harvesting was achieved.
Patent Information
- Application Number
- CN202423005753.X
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Utility models(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2024-12-06
- Publication Date
- 2025-10-28
- Estimated Expiration
- 2034-12-06
AI Technical Summary
Existing small peanut harvesters cannot adapt to different terrains, and the peanut fruits are easy to fall off during the harvesting process and need to be picked up manually.
A simple peanut harvesting device was designed. The digging shovel and depth-limiting wheel were improved to enhance the terrain adaptability, and a mesh screen was added under the conveying device to reduce the falling of peanut fruits.
The adaptability of small peanut harvesters to complex terrains is improved, the shedding of peanut fruits is reduced, the operation process is simplified, and the maintenance cost is reduced.
Smart Images
Figure CN223472598U_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] This utility model relates to the field of agricultural machinery and implements, specifically a peanut harvesting device. Background Art
[0002] Currently, peanut harvesters in my country are mainly peanut combine harvesters, which can complete a series of processes including digging, clearing soil, and picking peanuts. However, peanut combine harvesters have a complex structure, large size, and complicated operation, making maintenance difficult and costly. They also have weak adaptability to terrain. For small-scale planting, miniaturized harvesting devices offer better cost-effectiveness. However, some small peanut harvesters on the market have relatively fixed structures, such as the 4H-800 and 4H-2 models. Although their overall structure is small, they cannot be adjusted to different terrain environments, planting depths, ridge heights, etc., resulting in weak adaptability. Furthermore, some peanuts fall off during the harvesting process, requiring manual collection. Utility Model Content
[0003] To address the problems existing in the prior art, this utility model provides a simple peanut harvesting device. By making appropriate improvements to the digging shovel and depth-limiting wheel, the small peanut harvesting device can adapt to complex terrain. At the same time, a screen is added below the conveying device to enhance the device's ability to collect fallen peanuts.
[0004] The specific technical solution is as follows:
[0005] A peanut harvesting device includes a frame, a drive unit, a transmission unit, a conveying unit, a digging unit, and a depth-limiting wheel device;
[0006] The transmission device is located on one side of the frame and includes a transmission device output shaft, a transmission device input shaft, and large and small pulleys respectively mounted on the transmission device input shaft and the transmission device output shaft. The transmission device input shaft is rotatably connected to the frame and is connected to the output shaft of the drive device through a coupling. The large and small pulleys are connected by a belt for transmission.
[0007] The conveying device is located inside the frame and includes a conveying chain, conveying sprockets, conveying rods, an input shaft, and an output shaft. The conveying sprockets are mounted on the input and output shafts, and the conveying chain is meshed with them. The input and output shafts are rotatably connected to the inner walls of both sides of the frame. The input shaft and output shaft are coaxial. Multiple conveying rods are connected to the conveying chain.
[0008] The excavation device is located at the bottom front of the frame and includes an excavating shovel and a soil-breaking grid fixedly connected to the excavating shovel; the rear ends of the excavating shovel have connecting rods on both sides that are connected to the frame; the soil-breaking grid has a frame-like structure; and the soil-breaking grid has toothed protrusions.
[0009] The depth limiting wheel device is mounted on the frame and includes an adjustment frame fixed on both sides of the frame and a depth limiting wheel detachably mounted on the adjustment frame. The adjustment frame is fixed to both sides of the frame by bolts and has multiple mounting holes. The axle of the depth limiting wheel is fixed to the corresponding mounting hole on the adjustment frame.
[0010] Furthermore, it also includes a shaking device located on one side of the frame, comprising a shaking chain, a driving sprocket, a driven sprocket, a shaking device output shaft, a shaking device input shaft, and a shaking element. The shaking device input shaft is coaxial with the output shaft of the transmission device, and the driving sprocket is connected to the output shaft of the transmission device via a key. The shaking device output shaft is disposed inside the conveyor chain and rotatably connected to the frame, and the driven sprocket is connected to the shaking device output shaft via a key. The shaking chain is meshed with the driving sprocket and the driven sprocket.
[0011] The vibrating component includes a vibrating wheel and a vibrating sleeve. Several vibrating wheels are detachably mounted on the output shaft of the vibrating device. The vibrating wheel has a polygonal structure, and the vibrating sleeve is rotatably connected to each corner of the vibrating wheel. When the vibrating component is rotating, the vibrating sleeve of the vibrating component continuously pushes up the conveying rod.
[0012] Furthermore, the size and shape of the shaking wheel are designed according to the required shaking amplitude.
[0013] Furthermore, it also includes a digging angle adjustment structure; the digging angle adjustment structure includes a sliding groove and an adjustment handle, the sliding groove is set at the ends of the connecting rods on both sides of the digging shovel, and the adjustment handle is detachably installed in the sliding groove; the bottom end of the frame has a through groove adapted to the connecting rod, and multiple adjustment holes are provided on the through groove corresponding to the position of the sliding groove.
[0014] Furthermore, the conveying device also includes a tensioning wheel shaft, which is fixed on the inner walls of both sides of the frame and connected to the conveying chain. The tensioning wheel shaft is arranged between the conveying chains and is tumbledly connected to the conveying chains for tensioning the conveying chains.
[0015] Furthermore, the drive unit includes a gearbox mounted on the frame. During harvesting, the power input shaft of the gearbox is connected to the power output shaft of the tractor, and the power output shaft of the gearbox serves as the output shaft of the drive unit.
[0016] Furthermore, the driving device is a drive motor mounted on the frame.
[0017] Furthermore, it also includes a screen, which is located below the conveying device. The screen has buckles on both sides and is fixed in the corresponding holes on the inside of the frame by the buckles. The screen has a mesh structure with different mesh sizes.
[0018] Furthermore, the harvesting device is connected to a tractor vehicle, and the front end of the frame is provided with a connector for connecting to the tractor vehicle.
[0019] Furthermore, it also includes wheels arranged on both sides of the frame; the shaking wheel has a triangular structure.
[0020] The beneficial effects of this utility model are:
[0021] This invention primarily optimizes the adaptability of existing small-scale peanut harvesting devices to different terrains. By designing multi-level adjustable digging and depth-limiting wheel devices, appropriate gears are selected for various operating terrains, planting depths, and ridge heights, enhancing the adaptability of small-scale peanut harvesting devices to complex terrains. A screen is added to reduce peanut drop during harvesting. The device utilizes the tractor's output shaft connected to the gearbox input shaft via a universal coupling to provide power and drive the device forward. Power is then transmitted to the conveying and shaking devices via the gearbox and transmission system to achieve the peanut harvesting process. This invention features a simple structure, reliable transmission, enhanced terrain adaptability, and solves the problem of peanut harvesting in small-scale, complex terrain. Attached Figure Description
[0022] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a peanut harvesting device according to the present invention;
[0023] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a screenless peanut harvesting device according to the present invention;
[0024] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the conveying device of this utility model;
[0025] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the vibration device of this utility model;
[0026] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the excavating shovel device of this utility model;
[0027] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the depth-limiting wheel device of this utility model;
[0028] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the screen of this utility model;
[0029] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the digging shovel angle adjustment structure of this utility model. Figure 1 ;
[0030] Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of the digging shovel angle adjustment structure of this utility model. Figure 2 ;
[0031] In the diagram, 1. Frame; 2. Gearbox; 3. Coupling; 4. Transmission device; 5. Conveying device; 6. Conveying sprocket; 7. Conveying chain; 8. Conveying rod; 9. Tensioner shaft; 10. Vibrating device; 11. Vibrating chain; 12. Vibrating device output shaft; 13. Vibrating wheel; 14. Vibrating sleeve; 15. Digging device; 16. Digging shovel; 17. Soil chaff; 18. Adjusting handle; 19. Depth limiting wheel device; 20. Depth limiting wheel; 21. Adjusting frame; 22. Screen; 23. Sliding groove; 24. Adjusting hole; 25. Three-point suspension structure; 26. Buckle. DETAILED DESCRIPTION
[0032] To better explain and facilitate understanding of this utility model, the technical solution and effects of this utility model will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.
[0033] like Figure 1-9 As shown, this embodiment provides a peanut harvesting device, including a frame 1, a drive device, a transmission device 4, a conveying device 5, a digging device 15, and a depth limiting wheel device 19;
[0034] The drive unit includes a gearbox 2 mounted on the frame 1, which is bolted to the frame 1. During harvesting, the gearbox input shaft is connected to the tractor's power output shaft via a universal coupling 3, and the gearbox output shaft serves as the output shaft of the drive unit. The drive unit can also be a drive motor mounted on the frame 1.
[0035] In this embodiment, the tractor can be an agricultural tractor or a hand tractor. The harvesting device is connected to the tractor. The front end of the frame 1 is provided with a three-point suspension structure 25 for connecting with the tractor. The rear suspension device of the tractor is connected to the three-point suspension structure 25 by bolts.
[0036] The transmission device 4 is located on one side of the frame 1 and includes a transmission device output shaft, a transmission device input shaft, and large and small pulleys respectively mounted on the transmission device input shaft and the transmission device output shaft. The transmission device output shaft is rotatably connected to the frame 1, and the transmission device input shaft is fixed to the frame 1 by bearings and bearing seats. The transmission device input shaft is connected to the output shaft of the drive device through a coupling 3, and in this embodiment, it is connected to the power output shaft of the gearbox 2. The large and small pulleys are connected by a belt for transmission.
[0037] The conveying device 5 is located inside the frame 1 and includes a conveying chain 7, a conveying sprocket 6, conveying rods 8, a conveying device input shaft, and a conveying device output shaft. The conveying sprocket 6 is mounted on the conveying device input shaft and the conveying device output shaft, and the conveying chain 7 is meshed with the conveying sprocket 6. The conveying device input shaft and the conveying device output shaft are rotatably connected to the inner walls of both sides of the frame 1, specifically by bearings. The conveying device input shaft and the transmission device output shaft are coaxial. Multiple conveying rods 8 are connected to the conveying chain 7.
[0038] The digging device 15 is located at the bottom front of the frame 1, and includes a digging shovel 16 and a soil-breaking grid 17 fixedly connected to the digging shovel 16. The front end of the digging shovel 16 has a blade-like structure, and the front end of the digging shovel 16 can also be configured with multiple spikes arranged side by side to better perform the digging function. The rear ends of the digging shovel 16 have connecting rods on both sides that are connected to the frame 1. The soil-breaking grid 17 has a frame-like structure and toothed protrusions. The digging shovel 16 digs up the peanut plant as a whole, and the soil-breaking grid 17 performs preliminary soil breaking and sieving of the peanut. The toothed protrusions further enhance the soil breaking ability of the digging device and promote the separation of soil from peanuts and their plants.
[0039] The depth-limiting wheel device 19 is mounted on the frame 1, located on both sides of the excavating shovel 16. It includes an adjusting frame 21 fixed to both sides of the frame 1 and a depth-limiting wheel 20 detachably mounted on the adjusting frame 21. The adjusting frame 21 is bolted to both sides of the frame 1 and has multiple mounting holes. The axle of the depth-limiting wheel 20 is fixed to the corresponding mounting hole in the adjusting frame 21. The axle of the depth-limiting wheel 20 is threadedly connected to the corresponding mounting hole in the adjusting frame 21. By adjusting the relative position of the depth-limiting wheel 20 and the adjusting frame 21, appropriate gears are applied to different working terrains to enhance the adaptability of the device.
[0040] In a preferred embodiment, the device further includes a shaking device 10, which is located on one side of the frame 1 and includes a shaking chain 11, a driving sprocket, a driven sprocket, a shaking device output shaft 12, a shaking device input shaft, and a shaking element. The shaking device input shaft is coaxial with the transmission device output shaft. The driving sprocket is connected to the transmission device output shaft by a key. The shaking device output shaft 12 is disposed inside the conveying chain 7 and rotatably connected to the frame 1. The driven sprocket is connected to the shaking device output shaft 12 by a key. The shaking chain 11 is meshed with the driving sprocket and the driven sprocket. The shaking element includes a shaking disc 13 and a shaking sleeve 14. In this embodiment, two shaking discs 13 are connected to the shaking device output shaft 12 by a key, and the shaking discs 13 have a triangular structure. The shaking sleeve 14 is rotatably connected to each corner of the shaking disc 13. When the vibrating component is rotating, the vibrating sleeve 14 of the vibrating component continuously pushes up the conveying rod 8; the size and shape of the vibrating wheel 13 are designed according to the required vibration amplitude, for example, it can be set into different sizes of square, pentagon, etc., to change the frequency and amplitude of pushing up the conveying rod 8, and can be adjusted according to the needs to achieve better results.
[0041] In a preferred embodiment, the device further includes a digging angle adjustment structure. This structure includes a sliding groove 23 and an adjustment handle 18. The sliding groove 23 is located at the ends of the connecting rods on both sides of the digging shovel 16. The adjustment handle 18 is threaded into the sliding groove 23. The bottom of the frame 1 has a through groove adapted to the connecting rods. Multiple adjustment holes 24 are provided on the through groove corresponding to the position of the sliding groove 23. The ends of the connecting rods are installed into the through groove, and the adjustment handle 18 passes through the corresponding adjustment holes 24 and connects to the sliding groove 23. The sliding groove 23 cooperates with the frame 1, allowing the digging shovel 16 to move relative to the frame 1 along the direction of the sliding groove 23. Before operation, a suitable adjustment hole 24 is selected to allow the digging shovel 16 to achieve a better soil entry angle. The adjustment handle 18 is adjusted to the selected hole position. During this process, the digging shovel 16 moves along the direction of the sliding groove 23 and the frame 1, completing the angle adjustment of the digging shovel 16.
[0042] In a preferred embodiment, the conveying device 5 further includes a tensioning wheel shaft 9, which is fixed to the inner walls of both sides of the frame 1 and is connected to the conveying chain 7. Specifically, the tensioning wheel shaft 9 is disposed between the conveying chains 7 and is in rolling connection with the conveying chains 7 for tensioning the conveying chains 7.
[0043] In a preferred embodiment, the device also includes a screen 22 located below the conveying device 5. Four clips 26 are provided on both sides of the screen 22, which are connected to the screen 22 by welding. The screen 22 is fixed in corresponding holes on the inner side of the frame 1 by the clips 26 for easy disassembly. The screen 22 has a mesh structure, which can be designed with different mesh sizes. When harvesting peanuts, a suitable mesh structure can be selected according to the peanut size to facilitate the separation of fallen peanuts from the soil and reduce the load on the device. This device can also harvest other crops, such as garlic and potatoes. Depending on the size of the harvested crop, a screen 22 with a mesh structure of corresponding size is selected. Larger mesh sizes are preferable to minimize the loss of scattered crops, facilitating soil removal.
[0044] In this embodiment, the tractor's power output shaft is connected to the gearbox input shaft to provide power to the device. The gearbox output shaft is connected to the transmission device input shaft through the coupling 3. The transmission device output shaft is coaxial with the conveying device input shaft and the shaking device input shaft, and at the same time provides power to the conveying device 5 and the shaking device 10. The shaking device output shaft 12 drives the shaking wheel 13 to rotate, realizing the shaking and soil-cleaning function of the peanut harvesting device.
[0045] The specific working process of this utility model is as follows: The tractor output shaft is connected to the gearbox input shaft via a universal coupling 3 to provide power to the device and drive it forward. Before harvesting begins, based on the specific terrain conditions, the adjustment handle 18 and the adjustment hole 24 are used to adjust the soil entry angle to obtain a suitable working depth, while also enhancing the device's adaptability to the terrain. When the device is running, the digging shovel 16 first digs the peanut plants as a whole, and the soil crushing grate 17 performs preliminary soil crushing and sieving. As the device continues to move forward, the peanut plants enter the conveying device 5. Due to the gaps between the conveying rods 8 of the conveying chain 7, most of the soil and gravel return to the ground through the gaps. Furthermore, the vibration device 10 causes the rear part of the conveying device 5 to vibrate, further separating the soil from the peanut plants. To reduce the peanuts falling during the vibration process, a screen 22 is set below the conveying device 5 to collect the fallen peanuts. As the conveying device 5 continues to operate, the peanut plants are finally conveyed to the rear of the device, and the peanut harvester completes the harvesting operation.
Claims
1. A peanut harvesting device, characterized in that, Includes frame, drive unit, transmission unit, conveying unit, excavation unit, and depth limiting wheel device; The transmission device is located on one side of the frame and includes a transmission device output shaft, a transmission device input shaft, and large and small pulleys respectively mounted on the transmission device input shaft and the transmission device output shaft. The transmission device input shaft is rotatably connected to the frame and is connected to the output shaft of the drive device through a coupling. The large and small pulleys are connected by a belt for transmission. The conveying device is located inside the frame and includes a conveying chain, conveying sprockets, conveying rods, an input shaft, and an output shaft. The conveying sprockets are mounted on the input and output shafts, and the conveying chain is meshed with them. The input and output shafts are rotatably connected to the inner walls of both sides of the frame. The input shaft and output shaft are coaxial. Multiple conveying rods are connected to the conveying chain. The excavation device is located at the bottom front of the frame and includes an excavating shovel and a soil-breaking grid fixedly connected to the excavating shovel; the rear ends of the excavating shovel have connecting rods on both sides that are connected to the frame; the soil-breaking grid has a frame-like structure; and the soil-breaking grid has toothed protrusions. The depth limiting wheel device is mounted on the frame and includes an adjustment frame fixed on both sides of the frame and a depth limiting wheel detachably mounted on the adjustment frame. The adjustment frame is fixed to both sides of the frame by bolts and has multiple mounting holes. The axle of the depth limiting wheel is fixed to the corresponding mounting hole on the adjustment frame.
2. The peanut harvesting device according to claim 1, characterized in that, It also includes a vibration device located on one side of the frame, comprising a vibration chain, a drive sprocket, a driven sprocket, a vibration device output shaft, a vibration device input shaft, and vibration components. The vibration device input shaft is coaxial with the output shaft of the transmission device, and the drive sprocket is connected to the output shaft of the transmission device via a key. The vibration device output shaft is disposed inside the conveyor chain and rotatably connected to the frame, and the driven sprocket is connected to the vibration device output shaft via a key. The vibration chain is meshed with the drive sprocket and the driven sprocket. The vibrating component includes a vibrating wheel and a vibrating sleeve. Several vibrating wheels are detachably mounted on the output shaft of the vibrating device. The vibrating wheel has a polygonal structure, and the vibrating sleeve is rotatably connected to each corner of the vibrating wheel. When the vibrating component is rotating, the vibrating sleeve of the vibrating component continuously pushes up the conveyor rod.
3. The peanut harvesting device according to claim 2, characterized in that, The size and shape of the shaking wheel are designed according to the required shaking amplitude.
4. The peanut harvesting device according to claim 1, characterized in that, It also includes a digging angle adjustment structure; the digging angle adjustment structure includes a sliding groove and an adjustment handle, the sliding groove is set at the ends of the connecting rods on both sides of the digging shovel, and the adjustment handle is detachably installed in the sliding groove; the bottom end of the frame has a through groove adapted to the connecting rod, and multiple adjustment holes are provided on the through groove corresponding to the position of the sliding groove.
5. The peanut harvesting device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The conveying device also includes a tensioning wheel shaft, which is fixed on the inner walls of both sides of the frame and connected to the conveying chain. The tensioning wheel shaft is arranged between the conveying chains and is tumbledly connected to the conveying chains for tensioning the conveying chains.
6. The peanut harvesting device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The drive unit includes a gearbox mounted on the frame. During harvesting, the power input shaft of the gearbox is connected to the power output shaft of the tractor, and the power output shaft of the gearbox serves as the output shaft of the drive unit.
7. The peanut harvesting device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The driving device is a drive motor mounted on the frame.
8. The peanut harvesting device according to claim 1, characterized in that, It also includes a screen, which is located below the conveying device. The screen has buckles on both sides and is fixed in the corresponding holes on the inside of the frame by the buckles. The screen has a mesh structure with different mesh sizes.
9. The peanut harvesting device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The harvesting device is connected to the tractor vehicle, and the front end of the frame is provided with a connector for connecting to the tractor vehicle.
10. The peanut harvesting device according to claim 3, characterized in that, It also includes wheels mounted on both sides of the frame; the vibrating wheel has a triangular structure.