Hot melting nozzle and 3D printer

Abstract

The utility model relates to a hot melting nozzle and a 3D printer. The hot melting nozzle comprises a heat conduction piece which is provided with a main channel; the insert assembly comprises a preheating part and at least one stage of insert, the preheating part and all the inserts are connected in the main channel, the preheating part is provided with a preheating channel, each stage of insert is provided with a branch channel, and the preheating channel and the branch channels are used for allowing the consumables to pass through so as to heat the consumables. The hot melting nozzle can heat the consumables for multiple times and gradually strip the softened outer ring of the consumables, so that the heat conduction distance when heat is transferred to the core part is reduced, the heat conduction part can heat the core part more quickly, the hot melting speed of the solid filamentous consumables is higher, and the time required by the consumables for absorbing heat in the heat conduction part to be converted into a molten state can be shortened.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of 3D printer technology, and in particular to a hot melt nozzle and a 3D printer. Background Art

[0002] The nozzle of an FDM (Fused Deposition Modeling) 3D printer is used to melt and extrude molten solid filaments. Specifically, the solid filaments enter the nozzle under external force, are heated and melted inside the nozzle, and are extruded from the nozzle exit, layer by layer, to print a 3D model.

[0003] However, when printing at high speeds, traditional printers have a high extrusion rate, a low thermal conductivity of the solid filament, and a short residence time of the solid filament in the nozzle's thermal channel, which prevents the core of the solid filament from fully melting inside the nozzle. Summary of the Invention

[0004] Therefore, it is necessary to provide a hot melt nozzle and a 3D printer to address the problem that the core of the solid filament cannot be fully melted in the nozzle.

[0005] A hot melt nozzle, comprising:

[0006] The heat-conducting component is equipped with a main channel; and

[0007] An insert assembly includes a preheating element and at least one primary insert, the preheating element and the insert being located in the main channel, the preheating element having a preheating channel, and each primary insert having a branch channel, the preheating channel and the branch channel being used for the passage of consumables to heat the consumables.

[0008] In one embodiment, the diameter of the preheating channel is greater than the inner diameter of the branch channel of the insert; and / or, the inner diameter of the branch channel of the insert decreases stepwise.

[0009] In one embodiment, the insert assembly further includes a rib disposed on the preheating member, the rib abutting against the inner wall of the main channel and connected to the corresponding insert, so as to connect all the inserts below the preheating member;

[0010] The preheating element and the adjacent insert have a first spacing in the axial direction of the heat-conducting element, and / or, two adjacent inserts have a second spacing in the axial direction of the heat-conducting element.

[0011] In one embodiment, the ribs are provided in a plurality of spaced intervals along the circumference of the heat conductor, and / or each of the ribs is connected to all of the inserts.

[0012] In one embodiment, the rib extends continuously along the axial direction of the heat conductor;

[0013] The rib is an integral structure; or, the rib includes multiple connecting segments that are sequentially connected along the axial direction of the heat-conducting element, and the connecting segments are connected to the preheating element or the corresponding insert.

[0014] In one embodiment, the inlet end of each stage of the insert is provided in the shape of a frustum or a pyramid; and / or, the inlet of the preheating channel is provided with an inverted conical channel.

[0015] In one embodiment, the hot melt nozzle structure further includes a heat network disposed below the last stage of the insert and in contact with the inner wall of the main channel.

[0016] In one embodiment, the heating network is a hollow columnar structure, with a closed top, a first opening at the bottom, and multiple filter holes on the sides and / or top; or

[0017] The heating network is a hollow conical structure, with its top directly facing the branch channel of the last stage insert, a first opening at the bottom, and multiple filter holes on the side; or

[0018] The heating network is a hollow, inverted frustum-shaped structure. The top of the frustum-shaped structure has a second opening, the bottom has a first opening, and the sides have multiple filter holes. The inner diameter of the first opening is smaller than the inner diameter of the branch channel of the last-stage insert; or

[0019] The heating network is configured as a disc-shaped structure, and the disc-shaped structure has multiple filter holes.

[0020] A 3D printer includes a throat assembly and a hot melt nozzle as described in any of the preceding claims, the throat assembly being connected to the inlet of a main channel.

[0021] In one embodiment, the inner wall of the main channel entrance is provided with a first stepped surface, and the outer peripheral surface of the preheating component is provided with a first protruding ring. The throat assembly is used to press the first protruding ring onto the first stepped surface.

[0022] The aforementioned hot melt nozzle and 3D printer have an insert component added to the main channel of the heat-conducting component. The insert component can heat the filament multiple times and peel off the softened outer ring of the filament one by one through the cooperation of the preheating component and the insert component. This reduces the heat conduction distance when the heat is transferred to the core, allowing the heat-conducting component to heat the core more quickly. As a result, the hot melt speed of the solid filament is faster, and the printing efficiency is improved. Attached Figure Description

[0023] Figure 1This is a schematic diagram of a hot melt nozzle with a throat installed according to an embodiment of this application.

[0024] Figure 2 for Figure 1 A cross-sectional view of the hot melt nozzle in the AA direction is provided.

[0025] Figure 3 for Figure 1 A cross-sectional view of the heat-conducting component of the provided hot melt nozzle.

[0026] Figure 4 A cross-sectional view of a lifting ring provided in another embodiment of this application.

[0027] Figure 5 for Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the structure of the insert assembly for the provided hot melt nozzle.

[0028] Figure 6 for Figure 5 A side view of the provided hot melt nozzle insert assembly from a first angle.

[0029] Figure 7 for Figure 5 A side view of the provided hot melt nozzle insert assembly from a second angle.

[0030] Figure 8 for Figure 7 A cross-sectional view of the provided insert assembly in the BB direction.

[0031] Figure 9 for Figure 8 A cross-sectional view of the provided insert assembly in the CC direction.

[0032] Figure 10 for Figure 8 A cross-sectional view of the provided insert assembly in the DD direction.

[0033] Figure 11 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of an insert assembly provided in another embodiment of this application.

[0034] Figure 12 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of an insert assembly provided in another embodiment of this application.

[0035] Figure 13 for Figure 12 An exploded view of the provided insert component assembly.

[0036] Figure 14 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of an insert assembly provided in another embodiment of this application.

[0037] Figure 15 for Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the structure of the heat network for the provided hot melt nozzle.

[0038] Figure 16 for Figure 15 The provided cross-sectional view of the heating network in the EE direction.

[0039] Figure 17 This is a schematic diagram of a hot melt nozzle with a throat installed, provided for another embodiment of this application.

[0040] Figure 18 for Figure 17 A schematic diagram of the structure of the heat network for the provided hot melt nozzle.

[0041] Figure 19 for Figure 18 The provided cross-sectional view of the heating network in the FF direction.

[0042] Figure 20 This is a schematic diagram of a hot melt nozzle with a throat installed, provided for another embodiment of this application.

[0043] Figure 21 for Figure 20 A schematic diagram of the structure of the heat network for the provided hot melt nozzle.

[0044] Figure 22 for Figure 21 The provided cross-sectional view of the heating network in the GG direction.

[0045] Figure 23 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a heating network provided in another embodiment of this application.

[0046] Figure 24 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a heating network provided in another embodiment of this application.

[0047] Figure 25 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a heating network provided in another embodiment of this application.

[0048] The labels in the attached diagram are explained as follows:

[0049] 10. Hot melt nozzle; 100. Heat-conducting component; 110. Main channel; 111. First stepped surface; 112. Second stepped surface; 200. Insert assembly; 210. Preheating component; 211. Preheating channel; 2111. Inverted conical channel; 212. First convex ring; 220. Insert; 221. Branch channel; 230. Rib; 231. Connecting section; 300. Heat network; 310. First opening; 320. Filter hole; 330. Second opening; 340. Second convex ring; 400. Nozzle body; 410. Conveying channel; 20. Throat assembly; 20a. Throat; 20b. First connector; 20c. Second connector; P. First spacing; Q. Second spacing. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0050] To make the above-mentioned objectives, features, and advantages of this application more apparent and understandable, the specific embodiments of this application are described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Many specific details are set forth in the following description to provide a thorough understanding of this application. However, this application can be implemented in many other ways different from those described herein, and those skilled in the art can make similar modifications without departing from the spirit of this application. Therefore, this application is not limited to the specific embodiments disclosed below.

[0051] In the description of this application, it should be understood that if terms such as "center", "longitudinal", "lateral", "length", "width", "thickness", "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", "clockwise", "counterclockwise", "axial", "radial", "circumferential" appear, these terms indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing this application and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as a limitation of this application.

[0052] Furthermore, where the terms "first" and "second" appear, these terms are for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly specifying the number of technical features indicated. Thus, a feature defined with "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include at least one of that feature. In the description of this application, where the term "multiple" appears, "multiple" means at least two, such as two, three, etc., unless otherwise explicitly specified.

[0053] In this application, unless otherwise expressly specified and limited, the terms "installation," "connection," "joining," and "fixing," etc., should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral part; they can refer to a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; they can refer to the internal communication of two components or the interaction between two components, unless otherwise expressly limited. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this application based on the specific circumstances.

[0054] In this application, unless otherwise expressly specified and limited, the use of descriptions such as "above" or "below" the second feature indicates that the first and second features are in direct contact or indirect contact via an intermediate medium. Furthermore, "above," "on top of," and "over" the second feature can mean that the first feature is directly above or diagonally above the second feature, or simply that the first feature is at a higher horizontal level than the second feature. Similarly, "below," "below," and "under" the second feature can mean that the first feature is directly below or diagonally below the second feature, or simply that the first feature is at a lower horizontal level than the second feature.

[0055] It should be noted that if an element is referred to as being "fixed to" or "set on" another element, it can be directly on the other element or there may be an intervening element. If an element is considered to be "connected to" another element, it can be directly connected to the other element or there may be an intervening element. If so, the terms "vertical," "horizontal," "upper," "lower," "left," "right," and similar expressions used in this application are for illustrative purposes only and do not represent the only possible implementation.

[0056] On the one hand, one embodiment of this application provides a hot melt nozzle 10, which can be applied to any industry that requires a hot melt nozzle 10, such as 3D printing, spinning industry, thermal spraying, etc. It is mainly used to receive solid filament consumables and melt them before extruding them from the nozzle outlet.

[0057] like Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, the hot melt nozzle 10 includes a nozzle body 400, a heat-conducting element 100, and an insert assembly 200. A conveying channel 410 is provided in the nozzle body 400 along its axial direction, which is used to allow molten solid filament consumables to flow out of the nozzle body 400 under the action of external force.

[0058] The heat-conducting component 100 serves as the heat-conducting part of the hot-melt nozzle 10. It may have a heating coil wound around its exterior and a main channel 110 internally, with the nozzle body 400 connected to the outlet of the main channel 110. When the solid filament consumable is inserted through the main channel 110 of the heat-conducting component 100, the heat-conducting component 100 can transfer the heat generated by the heating coil to the solid filament consumable, thereby heating and melting it. The molten consumable flows out through the nozzle body 400. Optionally, the heat-conducting component 100 can be made of materials with high thermal conductivity, such as copper, aluminum, or silver.

[0059] like Figure 1As shown, the insert assembly 200 includes a preheating element 210 and at least one insert 220. The preheating element 210 and all inserts 220 are located in the main channel 110. The preheating element 210 has a preheating channel 211. Each insert 220 is provided with a branch channel 221. Both the preheating channel 211 and the branch channel 221 are used for the consumable to pass through and heat the consumable. When the consumable is preheated by the preheating element 210 and passes through each insert 220 in sequence, the outer ring of the consumable is peeled off by the inner wall of the inlet of the branch channel 221 of each insert 220 into the main channel 110, and the core enters the branch channel 221 of each insert 220 and is extruded from the outlet of the branch channel 221 of each insert 220.

[0060] The preheating component 210 can connect the insert component 200 to the main channel 110 through cooperation with the throat assembly 20. This eliminates the need to manufacture the preheating component 210 on the inner wall of the heat-conducting component 100, which reduces the processing difficulty of the hot melt nozzle 10. The throat assembly 20 is connected to the inlet of the main channel 110.

[0061] As an example, see Figure 2 and Figure 3 The inner wall of the main channel 110 entrance is provided with a first stepped surface 111, and the outer peripheral surface of the preheating component 210 is provided with a first protruding ring 212. The throat assembly 20 is used to press the first protruding ring 212 onto the first stepped surface 111. Of course, in some other embodiments, the insert assembly 200 may also be integrally formed with the heat-conducting component 100.

[0062] The preheating element 210 can be connected to the insert 220, or it can utilize the heat from the heat-conducting element 100 to preheat the consumable. When the consumable passes through the preheating channel 211 of the preheating element 210, the preheating element 210 can soften the outer ring of the consumable, preparing it for subsequent peeling off of the outer ring. Optionally, the preheating element 210 can be made of materials with high thermal conductivity, such as copper, aluminum, or silver.

[0063] To improve the preheating effect of the preheating component 210 on the consumables, the structure of the preheating component 210 is adapted to that of the main channel 110, and both have the same cross-sectional area, which increases the contact area between the preheating component 210 and the heat-conducting component 100. The specific structure of the preheating component 210 can be configured according to the shape of the main channel 110. For example, if the main channel 110 is a circular channel along the axial direction of the heat-conducting component 100, then the preheating component 210 can be configured as a cylindrical structure.

[0064] The diameter of the preheating channel 211 can also be equal to the diameter of the consumable before preheating, which can increase the contact surface between the preheating component 210 and the consumable, thereby increasing the heat conduction area of ​​both. In one embodiment, such as Figure 4As shown, the inlet of the preheating channel 211 can also be provided with an inverted conical channel 2111. The inverted conical channel 2111 can guide the entry of consumables, making it easier for consumables to smoothly enter the preheating channel 211 of the preheating component 210 under the push of external force. It should be noted that the upper diameter of the inverted conical channel 2111 is larger than the lower diameter.

[0065] The insert 220 can be made of materials with high thermal conductivity, such as copper, aluminum, or silver. The insert 220 can be designed as a hollow cylindrical structure, but is not limited to this.

[0066] Insert 220 can be set to one level or multiple levels, such as two levels. Figure 2 The three or more stages shown can be used in the following way: the number of stages of the insert 220 can be set according to the thermal conductivity of the heat-conducting element 100, the insert assembly 200 and the melting point of the consumable, as long as it does not affect the final extrusion of the consumable from the outlet of the nozzle body 400.

[0067] It should be noted that the number of stages of the inserts 220 increases sequentially from top to bottom, meaning that the first-stage insert 220 is located at the top and close to the preheating element 210. Specifically, the branch channels 221 of the first-stage insert 220 correspond to the preheating channel 211 of the insert assembly 200, and the branch channels 221 of the next-stage insert 220 correspond to the branch channels 221 of the previous-stage insert 220, so that consumables can smoothly pass through the branch channels 221 of each insert 220. As an example, the preheating channel 211 and the branch channels 221 of each stage of the insert 220 can all be straight channels arranged along the axial direction of the heat-conducting element 100, facilitating the smooth passage of consumables through the insert assembly 200.

[0068] The following will be... Figure 2 Taking the three-stage insert 220 shown as an example, the melt extrusion process of the consumable is described, in which... Figure 2 The uppermost insert 220 is a first-level insert 220, the lowermost insert 220 is a third-level insert 220, and the middle insert 220 is a second-level insert 220.

[0069] Step 1: When the hot melt nozzle 10 is in use, solid filament consumables are pushed from the inlet of the main channel 110 into the heat-conducting component 100.

[0070] Step 2: When the solid filament consumable passes through the preheating channel 211 of the preheating component 210, the preheating component 210 preheats the solid filament consumable, softening the outer ring of the consumable.

[0071] Step 3: The consumable continues to advance and contacts the top of the first-stage insert 220. The inner wall of the inlet of the branch channel 221 of the first-stage insert 220 peels off the softened outer ring of the consumable, allowing the peeled outer ring of the consumable to flow into the main channel 110. During the fall, the outer ring of the consumable can continue to be heated so that it quickly reaches a molten state and flows towards the nozzle body 400. Meanwhile, the core of the consumable enters the branch channel 221 of the first-stage insert 220, and the first-stage insert 220 heats the core of the consumable, causing its outer ring to quickly soften and melt.

[0072] Step 4: After the consumable is extruded from the outlet of the branch channel 221 of the first-stage insert 220, the consumable continues to advance and contacts the top of the second-stage insert 220. The inner wall of the inlet of the branch channel 221 of the second-stage insert 220 peels off the softened outer ring of the consumable, allowing the peeled outer ring of the consumable to flow into the main channel 110. During the falling process, the outer ring of the consumable can continue to be heated to quickly reach a molten state and flow towards the nozzle body 400. Meanwhile, the core of the consumable enters the branch channel 221 of the second-stage insert 220, and the second-stage insert 220 heats the core of the consumable, causing its outer ring to soften and melt rapidly.

[0073] Step 5: After the consumable is extruded from the outlet of the branch channel 221 of the second-stage insert 220, the consumable continues to advance and contacts the top of the third-stage insert 220. The inner wall of the inlet of the branch channel 221 of the third-stage insert 220 peels off the softened outer ring of the consumable, allowing the peeled outer ring of the consumable to flow into the main channel 110. During its descent, the outer ring of the consumable can continue to be heated to quickly reach a molten state and flow towards the nozzle body 400. Meanwhile, the core of the consumable enters the branch channel 221 of the third-stage insert 220, and the third-stage insert 220 heats the core of the consumable, causing its outer ring to soften and melt rapidly. After three peeling processes, the core of the consumable can be basically completely softened.

[0074] Step 6: The molten material flows out through the nozzle body 400.

[0075] As can be seen from the above description of the melt extrusion process of the consumables, the larger the number of stages of the insert 220, the more times the consumables are peeled off, which means that the diameter of the consumables is smaller. Therefore, in order to ensure that each stage of the insert 220 can peel off the soft outer ring of the consumables, in one embodiment, the inner diameter of the branch channel 221 of the insert 220 decreases step by step. That is, the inner diameter of the branch channel 221 of the previous stage insert 220 is larger than the inner diameter of the branch channel 221 of the next stage insert 220, and the inner diameter of the branch channel 221 of the first stage insert 220 is smaller than the diameter of the preheating channel 211. That is, the diameter of the preheating channel 211 is larger than the inner diameter of the branch channel 221 of any insert 220. The inner diameter of the branch channel 221 of the first-stage insert 220 is smaller than the diameter of the preheating channel 211, and the inner diameter of the branch channel 221 of the subsequent insert 220 is smaller than the inner diameter of the branch channel 221 of the previous insert 220, can be set according to the thermal conductivity of the heat-conducting component 100, the insert assembly 200, and the melting point of the consumable, as long as it does not affect the smooth entry of the unsoftened core of the consumable into the branch channel 221 of each insert 220.

[0076] According to the thermodynamic formula for heat conduction, the heat received by the solid filamentary consumable is Q = kΔT / R = ΔT × λ × S / L, where R = k / (λ × S); Q: heat (W), ΔT: temperature difference (K); R: thermal resistance (K / W), L: thickness of consumable (m); λ: thermal conductivity [W / (m × K)]; S: area (m²). 2 As can be seen from the above formula, the larger the heating area S of the solid filament consumable and the shorter the central heat conduction distance, the faster it is heated and the faster it melts.

[0077] Based on this, this application adds an insert assembly 200 within the main channel 110 of the heat-conducting component 100. The insert assembly 200, through the cooperation of the preheating component 210 and the insert 220, can repeatedly heat the consumable and gradually peel off the softened outer ring of the consumable, reducing the heat transfer distance to the core. This allows the heat-conducting component 100 to heat the core more quickly, resulting in a faster melting speed for the solid filament consumable. This reduces the time required for the consumable to absorb heat and transform into a molten state within the heat-conducting component 100, thus facilitating rapid discharge. Furthermore, the insert assembly 200 of this application can be connected to the throat assembly 20 within the heat-conducting component 100 without needing to be manufactured on the inner wall of the heat-conducting component 100. This allows the insert assembly 200 and the heat-conducting component 100 to be processed separately, reducing the processing difficulty of the hot-melt nozzle 10.

[0078] like Figures 5 to 10As shown, in some embodiments, the insert assembly 200 further includes a rib 230 disposed on the preheating member 210. The rib 230 abuts against the inner wall of the main channel 110 and is connected to the corresponding insert 220, so that all inserts 220 are connected below the preheating member 210; see also Figure 8 The preheating element 210 and the first-stage insert 220 have a first distance P in the axial direction of the heat-conducting element 100, and / or, two adjacent inserts 220 have a second distance Q in the axial direction of the heat-conducting element 100, that is, the first-stage insert 220 and the next-stage insert 220 have a second distance Q in the axial direction of the heat-conducting element 100.

[0079] When the insert 220 is set as a single stage, it is only necessary to ensure that the preheating member 210 and the first-stage insert 220 have a first distance P in the axial direction of the heat-conducting member 100; while when the insert 220 is set as a multi-stage stage, it is not only necessary that the preheating member 210 and the first-stage insert 220 have a first distance P in the axial direction of the heat-conducting member 100, but also that the previous stage insert 220 and the next stage insert 220 have a second distance Q in the axial direction of the heat-conducting member 100.

[0080] By using ribs 230 to connect all inserts 220 in series below the preheating element 210, a first spacing P and a second spacing Q are formed in the circumferential direction of the heat-conducting element 100 between the preheating element 210 and the first-stage insert 220, and between the preceding and following inserts 220. This allows the outer ring of the consumable material to flow smoothly into the main channel 110 of the heat-conducting element 100 after being peeled off by each stage of the insert 220. Furthermore, the ribs 230 transfer heat to the inserts 220, enabling the inserts 220 to heat and melt the consumable material. Optionally, the ribs 230 can be made of materials with high thermal conductivity, such as copper, aluminum, or silver.

[0081] Among them, such as Figures 5 to 8 As shown, the inlet end of each insert 220 is shaped like a frustum. This arrangement allows the inlet end of the insert 220 to have a guiding function, so that after the outer ring of the consumable is peeled off by each insert 220, it can flow smoothly along the outer wall of the inlet end of each insert 220 into the main channel 110 of the heat-conducting component 100.

[0082] Of course, the entrance end of each insert 220 can also be set in a frustum shape. The shape of the entrance end of each insert 220 is not limited here. The entrance end of each insert 220 can be set in any shape that is smaller at the top and larger at the bottom.

[0083] In one embodiment, if Figures 5 to 10As shown, multiple ribs 230 are spaced apart along the circumference of the heat-conducting element 100, and each rib 230 is connected to all the inserts 220. This arrangement increases the contact area between the ribs 230 and the heat-conducting element 100 and the inserts 220, improving the heat conduction effect from the heat-conducting element 100 to the inserts 220 through the ribs 230, and also improves the connection strength between the ribs 230 and the inserts 220. Optionally, the ribs 230 are evenly distributed along the circumference of the heat-conducting element 100. The number of ribs 230 can be set according to requirements, as long as it does not affect the heat conduction effect and connection effect of the ribs 230 to the inserts 220. For example, two, three, or more ribs can be set.

[0084] Of course, in some other embodiments, depending on the corresponding requirements, there may be one rib 230, and this rib 230 may be connected to all inserts 220; or, there may be multiple ribs 230, and each rib 230 may not be connected to all inserts 220, but may be connected to a specific insert 220. Taking the three-level insert 220 as an example, see [link to example]. Figure 11 There are 3 ribs 230. One rib 230 is connected to all inserts 220, another rib 230 is connected to the first-level insert 220 and the second-level insert 220, and the remaining rib 230 is connected to the first-level insert 220.

[0085] Furthermore, such as Figures 5 to 7 As shown, in some embodiments of this application, the rib 230 may extend continuously along the axial direction of the heat conductor 100 to span all inserts 220. This increases the contact area between the rib 230 and the heat conductor 100 and the inserts 220, thereby improving the heat conduction effect of the rib 230 on the inserts 220.

[0086] In one specific embodiment, such as Figures 5 to 7 As shown, the rib 230 is an integral structure. This structure of the rib 230 can also improve the connection strength between the rib 230 and the first-stage insert 220, as well as the connection strength between the inserts 220.

[0087] In another specific embodiment, such as Figure 12 and Figure 13 As shown, the rib plate 230 includes multiple connecting segments 231 that are sequentially joined together along the axial direction of the heat-conducting element 100. Each connecting segment 231 is connected to the preheating element 210 or a corresponding insert 220. During processing, the connecting segments 231 and the inserts 220 can be connected to form a unit assembly first, and then the unit assembly can be joined together. This structure of the rib plate 230 facilitates the production and processing of the insert assembly 200. Adjacent connecting segments 231 can be connected by welding, bonding, snap-fitting, or other methods.

[0088] Of course, in some other embodiments, such as Figure 14 As shown, all connecting segments 231 of each rib 230 are spaced apart along the axial direction of the heat-conducting element 100, that is, the rib 230 extends discontinuously along the axial direction of the heat-conducting element 100, and is used to connect the preheating element 210 to the first-stage insert 220 or the previous-stage insert 220 to the next-stage insert 220. The rib 230 of this structure can reduce the weight of the insert assembly 200 and is suitable for situations where the heat-conducting element 100 and the insert assembly 200 have good thermal conductivity and the consumables have low melting points.

[0089] like Figure 2 As shown, in some embodiments, the hot melt nozzle 10 structure further includes a heat network 300. The heat network 300 is disposed below the last stage insert 220 and in contact with the inner wall of the main channel 110. The heat network 300 is used to heat and filter consumables. The consumables include portions stripped to the main channel 110 by each stage insert 220 and portions extruded from the branch channels 221 of the last stage insert 220. By providing the heat network 300 within the main channel 110, large hard particles in the consumables can be filtered out, preventing them from entering the nozzle body 400. When the consumables pass through the heat network 300, the heat network 300 can utilize the heat transferred from the heat-conducting element 100 to further heat the consumables, rapidly melting any incompletely melted hard portions and preventing small hard consumable particles from clogging the nozzle body 400. Optionally, the heat network 300 can be made of materials with high thermal conductivity, such as copper, aluminum, or silver.

[0090] The heating network 300 can be installed within the main channel 110 of the heat-conducting component 100 through the cooperation of the nozzle body 400. As an example, such as... Figure 2 and Figure 3 As shown, the inner wall of the main channel 110 is provided with a second stepped surface 112, and the heat network 300 is provided with a second protruding ring 340 in the radial direction. The nozzle body 400 presses the second protruding ring 340 against the second stepped surface 112. The heat network 300 can be fixed in the heat-conducting component 100 by the clamping of the nozzle body 400 and the second stepped surface 112, which facilitates the assembly and disassembly of the heat network 300.

[0091] In one embodiment, if Figure 2 , Figure 15 and Figure 16As shown, the heating network 300 is a hollow cylindrical structure with a closed top and a first opening 310 at the bottom. Multiple filter holes 320 are provided on the sides and / or top. When the consumable reaches the lower end of the main channel 110, it first contacts the outer surface of the heat-conducting element 100, then flows into the inner cavity of the heating network 300 after being filtered through the filter holes 320. It then flows through the first opening 310 to the nozzle body 400. The shell wall of the heat-conducting element 100 and the filter holes 320 can further heat the consumable, causing it to melt rapidly. Setting the heating network 300 as a cylindrical structure increases the contact area between the heating network 300 and the consumable, improving the heating effect of the heating network 300 on the consumable.

[0092] To ensure that the majority of the consumables can pass smoothly through the filter holes 320 into the inner cavity of the heat network 300, the insert 220 needs to peel and heat the consumables multiple times. Therefore, this structure of the heat network 300 is primarily suitable for multi-stage inserts 220. However, when the heat-conducting element 100 and the insert assembly 200 have good thermal conductivity and the consumables have a low melting point, this structure of the heat network 300 can also be used for single-stage inserts 220.

[0093] Among them, such as Figure 2 , Figure 15 and Figure 16 As shown, the second convex ring 340 is disposed on the lower outer circumferential surface of the heating network 300.

[0094] In another embodiment, such as Figures 17 to 19 As shown, the heating network 300 is a hollow conical structure. The top of the conical structure faces the branch channel 221 of the last stage insert 220, the bottom has a first opening 310, and the side has multiple filter holes 320. When the consumable is extruded from the branch channel 221 of the last stage insert 220, the top of the heating network 300 can split the incompletely molten core of the consumable, accelerating its heating. After being heated and melted, it is filtered through the filter holes 340 along with other softened or molten consumables in the main channel 110 and enters the inner cavity of the heating network 300. Then, it flows to the nozzle body 400 through the first opening 310. It can be seen that the conical structure of the heating network 300 can not only filter and heat the consumable, but also split the incompletely molten part of the consumable. This application utilizes the characteristic that the heating network 300 can split the hard part of the consumable, which can reduce the number of stages of the insert 220, thereby simplifying the structure of the hot melt nozzle 10.

[0095] Among them, such as Figure 18 and Figure 19 As shown, the second convex ring 340 is disposed on the lower outer circumferential surface of the heating network 300.

[0096] Optionally, the cavity section in the main channel 110 used to install the heating network 300 can be configured as a frustum-shaped structure, which can guide the consumables in the main channel 110, so that the consumables can smoothly enter the heating network 300 through the filter hole 320.

[0097] In another embodiment, such as Figures 20 to 22 As shown, the heating network 300 is a hollow, inverted frustum-shaped structure. The top of the frustum-shaped structure has a second opening 330, the bottom has a first opening 310, and the sides have multiple filter holes 320. The inner diameter of the first opening 310 is smaller than the inner diameter of the branch channel 221 of the last-stage insert 220. After the consumable is extruded from the branch channel 221 of the last-stage insert 220, it can enter the inner cavity of the heating network 300 through the second opening 330 and continue downwards. When it reaches the first opening 310, the soft outer ring of the consumable is peeled off by the inner wall of the first opening 310. Then, together with other softened or melted consumables in the main channel 110, it flows through the filter holes 320 of the heating network 300 and into the nozzle body 400. The incompletely melted inner core flows out through the first opening 310 and is further melted by the heat conduction of the heat-conducting element 100 or the nozzle body 400.

[0098] As can be seen, the inverted conical structure of the heat network 300 can not only filter and heat the consumables, but also peel off the outer ring of the consumables. This application utilizes the characteristic of the heat network 300 being able to peel off the outer ring of the consumables, which can reduce the number of stages of the insert 220, thereby simplifying the structure of the hot melt nozzle 10.

[0099] Among them, such as Figure 21 and Figure 22 As shown, the second convex ring 340 is disposed on the outer peripheral surface of the inlet end of the heating network 300, and the heating network 300 is housed in the conveying channel 410 of the nozzle body 400. Optionally, the cavity section in the conveying channel 410 used to house the heating network 300 can be configured as an inverted frustum structure, which can guide the consumables in the conveying channel 410, so that the consumables can be smoothly ejected.

[0100] In another embodiment, such as Figures 23 to 25 As shown, the heating network 300 is designed as a disc-shaped structure with multiple filter holes 320. When the consumable reaches the lower end of the main channel 110, it first contacts the upper surface of the heating network 300, and then flows to the nozzle body 400 after being filtered by the filter holes 320. This structure of the heating network 300 is simple and easy to manufacture. The second convex ring 340 is disposed on the entire outer circumferential surface of the heating network 300.

[0101] Optionally, the filter aperture 320 can be Figure 23 The circular hole shown Figure 24 The square hole shown or Figure 25 The strip-shaped hole shown.

[0102] On the other hand, another embodiment of this application also provides a 3D printer, which includes a throat assembly 20 and a hot melt nozzle 10 as described in any of the above claims, the throat assembly 20 being connected to the inlet of the main channel 110.

[0103] This 3D printer adds an insert assembly 200 within the main channel 110 of the heat-conducting component 100. The insert assembly 200, through the cooperation of the preheating component 210 and the insert 220, can repeatedly heat the filament and gradually peel off the softened outer ring of the filament, reducing the heat transfer distance to the core. This allows the heat-conducting component 100 to heat the core more quickly, resulting in a faster melting speed for the solid filament. It also reduces the time required for the filament to absorb heat and transform into a molten state within the heat-conducting component 100, thus facilitating rapid material output. Furthermore, the insert assembly 200 can be connected to the throat assembly 20 within the heat-conducting component 100 without needing to be manufactured on the inner wall of the heat-conducting component 100. This allows the insert assembly 200 and the heat-conducting component 100 to be processed independently, reducing the processing difficulty of the hot melt nozzle 10.

[0104] The throat assembly 20 allows rigid consumables to be pushed into the lumen of the throat 20a under external force. The diameter of the throat 20a is approximately equal to the diameter of the consumable. The throat assembly 20 can be made of a material with low thermal conductivity, such as iron, to prevent heat transfer. As an example, such as... Figure 1 As shown, the throat assembly 20 includes a throat 20a, a first connector 20b, and a second connector 20c; the upper end of the throat 20a is connected to the first connector 20b, and the lower end of the throat 20a is connected to the upper end of the heat-conducting member 100 through the second connector 20c; wherein, the second connector 20c is used to press the preheating member 210 of the insert assembly 200 onto the first step surface 111 of the heat-conducting member 100.

[0105] The technical features of the above-mentioned embodiments can be combined arbitrarily. In order to make the description concise, not all possible combinations of the technical features in the above-mentioned embodiments are described. However, as long as there is no contradiction in the combination of these technical features, they should be considered to be within the scope of this specification.

[0106] The embodiments described above are merely illustrative of several implementation methods of this application, and while the descriptions are relatively specific and detailed, they should not be construed as limiting the scope of the patent application. It should be noted that those skilled in the art can make various modifications and improvements without departing from the concept of this application, and these all fall within the protection scope of this application. Therefore, the protection scope of this patent application should be determined by the appended claims.

Claims

1. A hot melt nozzle, characterized in that, include: The heat-conducting component is equipped with a main channel; and An insert assembly includes a preheating element and at least one primary insert, the preheating element and the insert being located in the main channel, the preheating element having a preheating channel, and each primary insert having a branch channel, the preheating channel and the branch channel being used for the passage of consumables to heat the consumables.

2. The hot melt nozzle according to claim 1, characterized in that, The diameter of the preheating channel is greater than the inner diameter of the branch channel of the insert; and / or, the inner diameter of the branch channel of the insert decreases step by step.

3. The hot melt nozzle according to claim 1, characterized in that, The insert assembly further includes a rib plate disposed on the preheating member, the rib plate abutting against the inner wall of the main channel and connected to the corresponding insert, so as to connect all the inserts to the bottom of the preheating member; The preheating element and the adjacent insert have a first spacing in the axial direction of the heat-conducting element, and / or, two adjacent inserts have a second spacing in the axial direction of the heat-conducting element.

4. The hot melt nozzle according to claim 3, characterized in that, The ribs are provided at multiple intervals along the circumference of the heat-conducting element, and / or each of the ribs is connected to all of the inserts.

5. The hot melt nozzle according to claim 3, characterized in that, The ribs extend continuously along the axial direction of the heat-conducting element; The rib is an integral structure; or, the rib includes multiple connecting segments that are sequentially connected along the axial direction of the heat-conducting element, and the connecting segments are connected to the preheating element or the corresponding insert.

6. The hot melt nozzle according to claim 3, characterized in that, The inlet end of each stage of the insert is provided in the shape of a frustum or a pyramid; and / or, the inlet of the preheating channel is provided with an inverted conical channel.

7. The hot melt nozzle according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that, The hot melt nozzle also includes a heat mesh, which is disposed below the last stage of the insert and in contact with the inner wall of the main channel.

8. The hot melt nozzle according to claim 7, characterized in that, The heating network is a hollow columnar structure, with a closed top, a first opening at the bottom, and multiple filter holes on the sides and / or top; or The heating network is a hollow conical structure, with its top directly facing the branch channel of the last stage insert, a first opening at the bottom, and multiple filter holes on the side; or The heating network is a hollow, inverted frustum-shaped structure. The top of the frustum-shaped structure has a second opening, the bottom has a first opening, and the sides have multiple filter holes. The inner diameter of the first opening is smaller than the inner diameter of the branch channel of the last-stage insert; or The heating network is configured as a disc-shaped structure, and the disc-shaped structure has multiple filter holes.

9. A 3D printer, characterized in that, It includes a throat assembly and a hot melt nozzle as described in any one of claims 1 to 8, wherein the throat assembly is connected to the inlet of the main channel.

10. The 3D printer according to claim 9, characterized in that, The inner wall of the main channel entrance is provided with a first stepped surface, and the outer peripheral surface of the preheating component is provided with a first protruding ring. The throat assembly is used to press the first protruding ring onto the first stepped surface.

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