Electric vehicle battery distribution box and power battery assembly with same

Abstract

The utility model discloses an electric automobile battery distribution box and a power battery assembly with the electric automobile battery distribution box, relates to the field of electric automobile distribution boxes, aims to solve the problems that a fuse is inconvenient to replace and the control logic is more complicated in the prior art, and adopts the technical scheme that an upper cover and a base are connected by adopting a buckle, a maintenance window is arranged on the upper cover, and the base is provided with a power supply. The maintenance window is provided with the detachably-connected maintenance cover plate, loading and unloading are more convenient and efficient, the fuse can be rapidly replaced through the maintenance window and the maintenance cover plate, operation is more convenient, and efficiency is higher.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of electric vehicle power distribution box technology, specifically to an electric vehicle battery power distribution box and a power battery assembly having therein. Background Technology

[0002] In electric vehicles, due to the different product functional requirements of each project, the structure and functional requirements of the high-voltage distribution box are different. In order to ensure the safety of the circuit, the high-voltage distribution box is often equipped with fuses. The existing high-voltage distribution box is fixed by bolts between the top cover and the base. When the fuse blows, the low-voltage control harness assembly, the high-voltage acquisition harness assembly, the current sensor control line connector, etc. must all be disconnected. Then, the bolts between the top cover and the base must be removed one by one, the top cover must be opened and replaced, and then the box must be reinstalled. This replacement method is cumbersome, complicated and inefficient. Utility Model Content

[0003] The technical problem to be solved by this utility model is to overcome the existing defects and provide an electric vehicle battery distribution box and a power battery assembly having the same, which can effectively solve the problems in the background art.

[0004] To achieve the above objectives, this utility model discloses an electric vehicle battery distribution box. The technical solution includes a base and a top cover, connected together. The base is provided with a battery total negative input terminal and a battery total positive input terminal. The battery total positive input terminal is electrically connected to the power total positive output terminal after being connected in series with a main positive relay and a main fuse. A pre-charge circuit is connected in parallel at the main positive relay. The battery total negative input terminal is electrically connected to the power total negative output terminal after being connected in series with a main negative relay and a current sensor. The main positive relay and the main negative relay control the on / off state of the circuit, the current sensor detects the current magnitude, and the main fuse ensures the main circuit is powered. The circuit is designed for safety. The current sensor is electrically connected to the sensor control line connector. The battery's total negative input terminal and total positive input terminal are electrically connected to the high-voltage acquisition harness assembly. The main positive relay and the main negative relay are electrically connected to the low-voltage control harness assembly. The upper cover and the base are connected by a snap-fit ​​connection. The upper cover also has a maintenance window, which corresponds to the position of the main fuse. A maintenance cover plate is detachably connected to the maintenance window. The maintenance cover plate is made of plastic. The snap-fit ​​connection makes installation and removal easier. The maintenance window allows for fuse replacement without disassembling the connecting wires, connectors, or opening the upper cover.

[0005] As a preferred embodiment of this utility model, the pre-charge circuit includes a pre-charge relay and a pre-charge resistor connected in series, and the two ends of the pre-charge circuit are electrically connected to the two ends of the main positive relay; the low-voltage control harness assembly is electrically connected to the pre-charge relay.

[0006] In a preferred embodiment of this invention, a locking block is provided on either the base or the top cover, and a fastening element is provided on the other. The fastening element and the locking block are positioned correspondingly and engage with each other. The connection between the top cover and the base is completed when the fastening element engages with the locking block; the fastening is released when the fastening element deforms and disengages from the locking block.

[0007] As a preferred technical solution of this utility model, the maintenance cover and the maintenance window are connected by any one or more of adhesives, clips, and bolts.

[0008] As a preferred embodiment of this utility model, the device further includes a first fuse and a second fuse. One end of both the first fuse and the second fuse is electrically connected to the positive input terminal of the battery. The other end of the first fuse is electrically connected to the OBC (charger) high-voltage output terminal, and the other end of the second fuse is electrically connected to the AC (air conditioner) high-voltage output terminal and the PTC high-voltage output terminal. The maintenance window corresponds to the positions of the first fuse and the second fuse.

[0009] This utility model also discloses a power battery assembly based on the above-mentioned electric vehicle battery distribution box. The technical solution adopted is that the battery total positive input terminal and the battery total negative input terminal of the electric vehicle battery distribution box are electrically connected to a module assembly. The module assembly contains battery cells. The module assembly is electrically connected to a BMS (Battery Management System) assembly. The BMS assembly is electrically connected to the low-voltage control harness assembly, the high-voltage acquisition harness assembly, the sensor control line connection port, and the communication connector assembly. The power total positive output terminal and the power total negative output terminal are electrically connected to the motor controller wiring terminals.

[0010] As a preferred embodiment of this utility model, the module assembly includes a first module assembly and a second module assembly, and the BMS assembly includes a first BMS assembly and a second BMS assembly. The first module assembly is electrically connected to the battery's negative input terminal and the first BMS assembly, and the second module assembly is electrically connected to the battery's positive input terminal and the second BMS assembly. The low-voltage control harness assembly, the high-voltage acquisition harness assembly, the sensor control line connector, and the communication connector assembly are electrically connected to the second BMS assembly. Furthermore, the first BMS assembly and the second BMS assembly are electrically connected, and the first module assembly and the second module assembly are electrically connected.

[0011] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of this utility model are as follows: The upper cover and the base of this utility model are connected by a snap-fit, making installation and removal more convenient and efficient. A maintenance window is provided on the upper cover, which allows for quick replacement of the fuse, making the operation more convenient and efficient. A maintenance cover plate is detachably connected to the maintenance window, which can ensure the safety of the internal circuit during daily use. When it is necessary to replace the fuse, the detachable connection structure allows the maintenance cover plate to be opened quickly, ensuring the convenience of replacement. Attached Figure Description

[0012] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of this utility model;

[0013] Figure 2 This is an exploded view of the structure of this utility model;

[0014] Figure 3 This is a top view of the structure of this utility model;

[0015] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the utility model;

[0016] Figure 5 This is an enlarged structural diagram of point A of the utility model;

[0017] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the power battery assembly structure of this utility model.

[0018] In the diagram: 1. Base; 2. Pre-charge relay; 3. Main positive relay; 4. Current sensor; 5. Pre-charge resistor; 6. Low-voltage control harness assembly; 7. High-voltage acquisition harness assembly; 8. Top cover; 9. Maintenance cover; 10. High-voltage connection harness assembly; 11. Main negative relay; 12. Main fuse; 13. First fuse; 14. Second fuse; 15. Power total positive output terminal; 16. Power total negative output terminal; 17. Sensor control line connection port; 18. Battery total negative input terminal; 19. Battery total... 20. Positive input terminal; 21. OBC high-voltage output terminal; 22. AC high-voltage output terminal; 23. PTC high-voltage output terminal; 24. Locking block; 25. Fastening component; 26. Motor controller wiring terminal; 27. First BMS assembly; 28. First module assembly; 29. ​​Second BMS assembly; 30. OBC connector assembly; 31. AC / PTC connector assembly; 32. Communication connector assembly; 33. Second module assembly; 101. Electric vehicle battery distribution box; 102. Power battery assembly. Detailed Implementation

[0019] The technical solutions of the present utility model will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings of the embodiments. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present utility model, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present utility model, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative effort are within the protection scope of the present utility model. Example 1

[0020] like Figures 1 to 5 As shown, this embodiment discloses an electric vehicle battery distribution box 101. The technical solution adopted includes a base 1 and an upper cover 8. To facilitate the connection between the base 1 and the upper cover 8, as shown... Figure 1 and Figure 5 As shown, a locking block 23 is provided on the outer side wall of the base 1. The locking block 23 is a trapezoidal block with its inclined surface facing upwards. A fastening member 24 is provided on the outer side wall of the upper cover 8. The fastening member 24 is a U-shaped structure that corresponds to the locking block 23 in position and matches its size.

[0021] like Figures 2 to 4 As shown, the lower left corner of base 1 ( Figure 3 , Figure 4 (As shown in the direction) There are battery total negative input terminal 18 and battery total positive input terminal 19. Battery total positive input terminal 19 is connected in series with main positive relay 3, main fuse 12 and power total positive output terminal 15. Main positive relay 3 controls the on / off of the total positive circuit, while main fuse 12 ensures that there is no current overload. In order to precharge the capacitor during the voltage rise process and reduce the impact of charging current on the capacitor, a precharge circuit is connected in parallel at main positive relay 3. The precharge circuit includes precharge relay 2 and precharge resistor 5 connected in series. The precharge circuit is connected across the two ends of main positive relay 3. Battery total negative input terminal 18 is connected in series with main negative relay 11, current sensor 4 and power total negative output terminal 16. In order to facilitate the transmission of data detected by current sensor 4, current sensor 4 is electrically connected to sensor control line connector 17. In order to facilitate power supply to OBC, AC and PTC. A first fuse 13 and a second fuse 14 are electrically connected to the battery's main positive input terminal 19. The first fuse 13 is electrically connected to the OBC high-voltage output terminal 20, which is a combined OBC+DC terminal. The second fuse 14 is electrically connected to the AC high-voltage output terminal 21 and the PTC high-voltage output terminal 22. To facilitate the acquisition of main circuit voltage information and determine the on / off state of the main fuse 12, a high-voltage acquisition harness assembly 7 is electrically connected to the battery's main negative input terminal 18 and the battery's main positive input terminal 19. The high-voltage acquisition harness assembly 7 is connected to the high-voltage connection harness assembly 10 to expand the acquisition interface, such as... Figure 4As shown, the high-voltage acquisition harness assembly 7 acquires the total negative voltage at point B, the total positive voltage at the battery total positive input terminal 19, performs real-time voltage acquisition at point C, and performs closed-loop voltage detection at point D; the pre-charge relay 2, the main positive relay 3, and the main negative relay 11 are electrically connected to the low-voltage control harness assembly 6; in order to facilitate the replacement of the fuse element after the main fuse 12, the first fuse 13, or the second fuse 14 blows, a maintenance window is opened on the upper cover 8. The maintenance window corresponds to the position of the main fuse 12, the first fuse 13, and the second fuse 14. The maintenance window may have a maintenance cover plate 9, which is a Mylar sheet with single-sided adhesive and is adhered to the maintenance window.

[0022] Working principle:

[0023] When a fuse needs to be replaced, open the maintenance cover 9 to replace the fuse. After replacement, re-attach and glue the maintenance cover 9. When the upper cover 8 needs to be opened, apply external force to the fastener 24 outward to deform it and disengage it from the locking block 23, then open the upper cover 8. When the upper cover 8 needs to be closed, align the fastener 24 with the locking block 23 and press it down. The inclined surface of the locking block 23 deforms the fastener 24. Continue pressing down on the fastener 24. After the horizontal section of the fastener 24 passes the locking block 23, the fastener 24 returns to its original position and forms a limit with the locking block 23. Example 2

[0024] like Figure 6 As shown, this embodiment also discloses a power battery assembly 102 based on Embodiment 1. The technical solution adopted is that the battery total negative input terminal 18 and battery total positive input terminal 19 of the electric vehicle battery distribution box 101 are electrically connected to the first module assembly 27 and the second module assembly 32, respectively. Both the first module assembly 27 and the second module assembly 32 contain battery cells. The first module assembly 27 and the second module assembly 32 are electrically connected to the first BMS assembly 26 and the second BMS assembly 28, respectively. The second BMS assembly 28 is electrically connected to the low voltage of the electric vehicle battery distribution box 101. The system includes a voltage control harness assembly 6, a high-voltage acquisition harness assembly 7, a sensor control line connector 17, and a communication connector assembly 31 for the power battery assembly 102. The first BMS assembly 26 is primarily responsible for voltage and temperature detection of the first module assembly 27, and the second BMS assembly 28 is primarily responsible for voltage and temperature monitoring of the second module assembly 32, while also handling relay control and high-voltage acquisition for the electric vehicle battery distribution box 101. The positive power output terminal 15 and negative power output terminal 16 of the electric vehicle battery distribution box 101 are electrically connected to the motor controller wiring terminal 25. The OBC high-voltage output terminal 20 is electrically connected to the OBC connector assembly 29, and the AC high-voltage output terminal 21 and PTC high-voltage output terminal 22 are electrically connected to the AC / PTC connector assembly 30.

[0025] Working principle:

[0026] The second BMS assembly 28 controls the cells of the second module assembly 32 to supply power to the battery positive input terminal 19 of the electric vehicle battery distribution box 101. The second BMS assembly 28 controls the pre-charge relay 2 and the main negative relay 11 to close, pre-charge the capacitor. After the pre-charge is completed, the second BMS assembly 28 controls the main positive relay 3 to close and the pre-charge relay 2 to open. The current supplies power to the downstream load through the power positive output terminal 15 and the motor controller wiring terminal 25. Then, it enters the total negative circuit through the power negative output terminal 16. After the current is collected by the current sensor 4 and the main negative relay 11, it reaches the battery negative input terminal 18 and connects to the first module assembly 27 to form a circuit.

[0027] The circuits and mechanical connections involved in this utility model are common practices used by those skilled in the art, and technical inspiration can be obtained through a limited number of experiments. They are common knowledge.

[0028] Components not described in detail in this article are existing technologies.

[0029] Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made to these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the present invention, the scope of which is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. An electric vehicle battery distribution box, comprising a base (1) and a top cover (8), wherein the base (1) and the top cover (8) are connected, characterized in that: The base (1) is provided with a battery total negative input terminal (18) and a battery total positive input terminal (19). The battery total positive input terminal (19) is connected in series with the main positive relay (3) and the main fuse (12) and then electrically connected to the power total positive output terminal (15). A pre-charge circuit is connected in parallel at the main positive relay (3). The battery total negative input terminal (18) is connected in series with the main negative relay (11) and the current sensor (4) and then electrically connected to the power total negative output terminal (16). The current sensor (4) is electrically connected to the sensor controller. The wiring connection port (17) is connected to the battery total negative input terminal (18) and the battery total positive input terminal (19). The high voltage acquisition harness assembly (7) is electrically connected to the main positive relay (3) and the main negative relay (11). The low voltage control harness assembly (6) is electrically connected to the main negative relay (11). The upper cover (8) and the base (1) are connected by a snap-fit. The upper cover (8) is also provided with a maintenance window. The maintenance window is located in a position corresponding to the main fuse (12). A maintenance cover plate (9) is detachably connected to the maintenance window.

2. The electric vehicle battery distribution box according to claim 1, characterized in that: The precharge circuit includes a precharge relay (2) and a precharge resistor (5) connected in series. The two ends of the precharge circuit are electrically connected to the two ends of the main positive relay (3). The low-voltage control harness assembly (6) is electrically connected to the precharge relay (2).

3. The electric vehicle battery distribution box according to claim 1, characterized in that: A locking block (23) is provided on either the base (1) or the top cover (8), and a fastening element (24) is provided on the other. The fastening element (24) and the locking block (23) are positioned correspondingly and are fastened together.

4. The electric vehicle battery distribution box according to claim 1, characterized in that: The maintenance cover plate (9) and the maintenance window are connected by any one or more of the following: adhesive, clips, and bolts.

5. The electric vehicle battery distribution box according to claim 1, characterized in that: It also includes a first fuse (13) and a second fuse (14). One end of the first fuse (13) and the second fuse (14) are electrically connected to the battery's main positive input terminal (19). The other end of the first fuse (13) is electrically connected to the OBC high-voltage output terminal (20). The other end of the second fuse (14) is electrically connected to the AC high-voltage output terminal (21) and the PTC high-voltage output terminal (22). The maintenance window corresponds to the positions of the first fuse (13) and the second fuse (14).

6. A power battery assembly based on the electric vehicle battery distribution box according to any one of claims 1-5, characterized in that: The battery total positive input terminal (19) and the battery total negative input terminal (18) of the electric vehicle battery distribution box are electrically connected to the module assembly. The module assembly contains battery cells. The module assembly is electrically connected to the BMS assembly. The BMS assembly is electrically connected to the low-voltage control harness assembly (6), the high-voltage acquisition harness assembly (7), the sensor control line connection port (17), and the communication connector assembly (31). The power total positive output terminal (15) and the power total negative output terminal (16) are electrically connected to the motor controller wiring terminal (25).

7. The power battery assembly according to claim 6, characterized in that: The module assembly includes a first module assembly (27) and a second module assembly (32). The BMS assembly includes a first BMS assembly (26) and a second BMS assembly (28). The first module assembly (27) is electrically connected to the battery negative input terminal (18) and the first BMS assembly (26). The second module assembly (32) is electrically connected to the battery positive input terminal (19) and the second BMS assembly (28). The low-voltage control harness assembly (6), the high-voltage acquisition harness assembly (7), the sensor control line connector (17), and the communication connector assembly (31) are electrically connected to the second BMS assembly (28). The first BMS assembly (26) and the second BMS assembly (28) are electrically connected, and the first module assembly (27) and the second module assembly (32) are electrically connected.

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