Rack for measuring illumination of automobile ceiling lamp

By designing an adjustable automotive roof light illuminance measurement stand, the problem of the lack of standards for testing the illuminance of in-vehicle roof lights has been solved, achieving accurate and standardized measurement results, and is suitable for roof light illuminance measurement of various vehicle models.

CN223485462UActive Publication Date: 2025-10-28WENZHOU CHANGJIANG AUTOMOBILE ELECTRONICS SYST
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Patent Information

Application Number
CN202422731448.2
Authority / Receiving Office
CN · China
Patent Type
Utility models(China)
Current Assignee / Owner
Filing Date
2024-11-09
Publication Date
2025-10-28
Estimated Expiration
2034-11-09

AI Technical Summary

Technical Problem

The lack of a unified testing standard for vehicle interior ceiling light illuminance in existing technologies leads to a lack of quantitative data in test results, making them susceptible to the influence of subjective factors by the evaluators and making it difficult to guarantee objectivity and consistency.

Method used

A measurement stand for automotive roof light illuminance was designed, including height adjustment, angle adjustment, and a target plane, which can adjust the installation position and angle of the roof light. It is equipped with multiple test circles and illuminance meters to achieve process visualization and data standardization.

Benefits of technology

It achieves precision and standardization in measuring dome light illuminance, can simulate the actual in-vehicle environment, reduce subjective influence, and improve the objectivity and consistency of test results.

✦ Generated by Eureka AI based on patent content.

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Abstract

The utility model provides an automobile ceiling lamp illuminance measuring rack, which belongs to the technical field of automobile lamp testing devices and comprises a rack, a ceiling lamp mounting platform and a target plane disc are arranged on the rack, a height adjusting mechanism is arranged between the ceiling lamp mounting platform and the rack, and a ceiling lamp fixing plate is arranged on the ceiling lamp mounting platform. A first adjusting mechanism is arranged between the ceiling lamp fixing plate and the ceiling lamp mounting platform, a base is arranged between the target plane disc and the rack, an angle adjusting mechanism is arranged between the base and the target plane disc, a second adjusting mechanism is arranged between the base and the rack, and one of the first adjusting mechanism and the second adjusting mechanism is adjusted in the X-axis direction; the other one is adjusted in the Y-axis direction, and a test circle is arranged on the target plane disc; according to the utility model, the installation position of the ceiling lamp can be adjusted, the position and angle of the target plane disc can be adjusted according to requirements, irradiation scenes of ceiling lamps of most vehicle types can be simulated, and the device is suitable for illuminance measurement of ceiling lamps of most vehicle types.
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Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the technical field of automotive lighting testing devices, specifically to a measuring stand for automotive roof light illuminance. Background Technology

[0002] In automotive interior design, dome lights, as a crucial lighting device, directly impact the comfort of the in-vehicle environment and the visual experience of the driver and passengers. However, current national standards lack clear regulations on the optical characteristics of in-vehicle dome lights, resulting in a lack of unified standards for testing their illuminance in practical applications. Traditional testing methods typically involve fixing the dome light to a stand to simulate the installation height. Specifically, a sheet of white paper marked with test points is laid on the ground, and a lux meter is used to measure each point to evaluate the dome light's illumination performance. However, this method may not adequately simulate the complex light reflection and refraction conditions in a real in-vehicle environment. Furthermore, some testing methods are even simpler, relying solely on subjective evaluation by observing the illuminance of the illuminated target area and the overall visual effect after the dome light is installed on the vehicle. While direct, this method lacks quantifiable measurement data, is easily influenced by the subjective factors of the evaluator, and makes it difficult to guarantee the objectivity and consistency of the test results. Utility Model Content

[0003] The purpose of this invention is to overcome the shortcomings and deficiencies of the existing technology and to provide a measuring stand for the illuminance of automotive roof lights.

[0004] The technical solution adopted by this utility model is as follows: This application provides a measuring stand for automotive dome light illuminance, including a frame, a dome light mounting platform and a target plane disk are provided on the frame, a height adjustment mechanism is provided between the dome light mounting platform and the frame, a dome light fixing plate is provided on the dome light mounting platform, a first adjustment mechanism is provided between the dome light fixing plate and the dome light mounting platform, a base is provided between the target plane disk and the frame, an angle adjustment mechanism is provided between the base and the target plane disk, and a second adjustment mechanism is provided between the base and the frame. One of the first adjustment mechanism and the second adjustment mechanism adjusts in the X-axis direction, and the other adjusts in the Y-axis direction. A test circle is provided on the target plane disk.

[0005] In some embodiments, the first adjustment mechanism is used to adjust the top light fixing plate relative to the top light mounting platform in the Y-axis direction, and the second adjustment mechanism is used to adjust the target base relative to the frame in the X-axis direction.

[0006] In some embodiments, the first adjustment mechanism includes two first slide rails spaced apart on the ceiling light mounting platform and a first slider disposed on the first slide rails. The ceiling light fixing plate is disposed on the first slider. The first slide rails are disposed along the Y-axis direction. The ceiling light fixing plate is provided with a plurality of through holes. The ceiling light fixing plate is used to fix ceiling light fixtures of different specifications through the through holes. The ceiling light fixing plate and the ceiling light mounting platform are connected by a first adjustment handle on one side and abuts against the end of the first adjustment handle on the other side.

[0007] In some embodiments, the ceiling light fixing plate and the ceiling light mounting platform are provided with a first ruler along the Y-axis on one side and a first indicator block on the other side.

[0008] In some embodiments, the second adjustment mechanism includes a first adjustment component and a second adjustment component. A base is disposed between the base and the frame. The first adjustment component is disposed between the base and the base, and the second adjustment component is disposed between the base and the frame. The first adjustment component includes two first slide rods spaced apart on the frame and a first slide block disposed on the first slide rod. The base is connected to the first slide block. The second adjustment component includes two second slide rods spaced apart on the base and a second slide block disposed on the second slide rod. The base is connected to the second slide block. Both the first slide rod and the second slide rod are arranged along the X-axis direction. One of the base and the frame is threadedly connected to a first locking handle, and the other abuts against the first locking handle. The other of the base and the base is threadedly connected to a second locking handle, and the other abuts against the second locking handle.

[0009] In some embodiments, the frame and base have a second scale on one side along the X-axis and a corresponding second indicator block on the other side; the base and base have a third scale on one side along the X-axis and a corresponding third indicator block on the other side.

[0010] In some embodiments, a fixing groove is provided on the frame along the Y-axis direction, and fixing seats are provided at both ends of the second slide rod. The fixing seats are connected to the fixing groove by bolts, so that the base can be adjusted relative to the frame along the Y-axis direction.

[0011] In some embodiments, the height adjustment mechanism includes two second slide rails spaced apart on the frame, a second slider on the second slide rails, a lead screw and a sliding seat, the ceiling light mounting platform being connected to the second slider, the second slide rails being arranged along the height direction of the frame, the lead screw being arranged along the height direction of the frame and located between the two second slide rails, the sliding seat being arranged on the lead screw and connected to the ceiling light mounting platform, and a second adjustment handle being provided at the top end of the lead screw. The ceiling light mounting platform and the frame are provided with a fourth scale along the height direction of the frame on one side and a corresponding fourth indicator block on the other side.

[0012] In some embodiments, the surface of the measuring platform is blackened.

[0013] In some embodiments, the angle adjustment mechanism includes two spaced-apart mounting plates, and the target flat disk is rotatably mounted between the two mounting plates via an angle adjuster. One of the mounting plates is provided with an angle scale, and the target flat disk is provided with an angle pointer on the corresponding side.

[0014] The beneficial effects of this utility model are as follows: The installation position of the dome light in this utility model is adjustable, and the position and angle of the target plane can be adjusted according to the needs. It can simulate the illumination scene of dome lights of most car models and is applicable to the illuminance measurement of dome lights of most car models, realizing process visualization, data standardization and measurement accuracy. Attached Figure Description

[0015] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of this utility model or the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of this utility model. For those skilled in the art, obtaining other drawings based on these drawings without creative effort still falls within the scope of this utility model.

[0016] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of a measuring stand for the illuminance of an automotive roof light according to this utility model. Figure 1 ;

[0017] Figure 2 This is a partial schematic diagram of the first adjusting mechanism in this utility model. Figure 1 ;

[0018] Figure 3 This is a partial schematic diagram of the first adjusting mechanism in this utility model. Figure 2 ;

[0019] Figure 4 This is a partial schematic diagram of the second adjusting mechanism in this utility model. Figure 1 ;

[0020] Figure 5 This is a partial schematic diagram of the second adjusting mechanism in this utility model. Figure 2 ;

[0021] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of a measuring stand for the illuminance of an automotive roof light according to this utility model. Figure 2 ;

[0022] Figure 7 This is a partial schematic diagram of the angle adjustment mechanism in this utility model. Detailed Implementation

[0023] The following description provides specific application scenarios and requirements for this specification, intended to enable those skilled in the art to make and use the contents of this specification. Various partial modifications to the disclosed embodiments will be apparent to those skilled in the art, and the general principles defined herein can be applied to other embodiments and applications without departing from the spirit and scope of this specification. Therefore, this specification is not limited to the embodiments shown, but rather to the widest scope consistent with the claims.

[0024] In the description of this application, it should be noted that, unless otherwise expressly specified and limited, the terms "longitudinal", "lateral", "radial", "length", "width", "thickness", "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "front", "rear", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", etc., indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings. These terms are mainly for the purpose of better describing this application and its embodiments, and are not intended to limit the indicated device, element or component to have a specific orientation, or to be constructed and operated in a specific orientation.

[0025] Secondly, the terms "first," "second," and similar words do not indicate any order, quantity, or importance, but are merely used to distinguish different components and should not be construed as limiting the embodiments of this application.

[0026] Furthermore, the terms "installation," "setup," "equipped with," "connection," and "connected" should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to fixed connections, detachable connections, or integral constructions; they can refer to mechanical connections or electrical connections; they can refer to direct connections or indirect connections through an intermediate medium, or internal connections between two devices, components, or parts.

[0027] Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this application based on the specific circumstances.

[0028] Regarding the accompanying drawings of this application, it should be clearly understood that the drawings are for illustrative and descriptive purposes only and are not intended to limit the scope of this specification. It should also be understood that the drawings are not drawn to scale.

[0029] Example 1:

[0030] Because national standards do not specify the optical characteristics of vehicle interior dome lights, there is currently no unified method for illuminance testing. The basic approach is to install the dome light on the vehicle, turn it on directly, observe the approximate illuminance in the target area, and then make a subjective evaluation of the lighting effect. This lack of quantitative measurement data makes it susceptible to the influence of the evaluator's subjective factors, making it difficult to guarantee the objectivity and consistency of the test results.

[0031] like Figures 1 to 7 As shown, to solve the above problems, this embodiment provides a measuring stand for automotive dome light illuminance, including a frame 1. A dome light mounting platform 2 and a target plane 3 are mounted on the frame 1. A height adjustment mechanism 4 is provided between the dome light mounting platform 2 and the frame 1. A dome light fixing plate 5 is mounted on the dome light mounting platform 2. A first adjustment mechanism 6 is provided between the dome light fixing plate 5 and the dome light mounting platform 2. A base 7 is provided between the target plane 3 and the frame 1. An angle adjustment mechanism 8 is provided between the base 7 and the target plane 3. A second adjustment mechanism 9 is provided between the base 7 and the frame 1. The adjustment mechanism 6 and the second adjustment mechanism 9 are used, one for adjustment in the X-axis direction and the other for adjustment in the Y-axis direction. In this embodiment, the first adjustment mechanism 6 is used to adjust the dome lamp fixing plate 5 relative to the dome lamp mounting platform 2 in the Y-axis direction, and the second adjustment mechanism 9 is used to adjust the target base 7 relative to the frame 1 in the X-axis direction. In this way, the dome lamp mounting position can be adjusted, and the target flat plate can be adjusted in position and angle as needed. This can simulate the illumination scene of dome lamps of most car models and is applicable to the illuminance measurement of dome lamps of most car models, realizing process visualization, data standardization and measurement accuracy.

[0032] Secondly, test circles are set on the target plane disk 3. Specifically, multiple test circles of different sizes, such as 300mm and 500mm, are concentrically set on the target plane disk 3. Test points are set on the test circles, and then a lux meter can be used to measure each test point to evaluate the lighting performance of the ceiling light.

[0033] In this embodiment, the first adjustment mechanism 6 includes two first slide rails 60 spaced apart on the ceiling light mounting platform 2 and a first slider 61 disposed on the first slide rails 60. The ceiling light fixing plate 5 is disposed on the first slider 61. The first slide rails 60 are disposed along the Y-axis direction. The ceiling light fixing plate 5 is provided with a plurality of through holes 50. The ceiling light fixing plate 5 is used to fix ceiling light fixtures of different specifications through the through holes 50. The ceiling light fixtures can be specially customized for different ceiling lights. Generally, it is only necessary to provide threaded holes on the ceiling light fixtures and then connect the bolts through the through holes 50 to the threaded holes to fix the ceiling light. Preferably, the through holes 50 are evenly disposed on the ceiling light fixing plate 5.

[0034] In some embodiments, the ceiling light fixing plate 5 and the ceiling light mounting platform 2 are connected by a first adjusting handle 51 threadedly on one side and abutting against the end of the first adjusting handle 51 on the other side. By rotating the first adjusting handle 51, the ceiling light fixing plate 5 can be moved or fixed relative to the ceiling light mounting platform 2. In this embodiment, a fixing block is provided on one side of the ceiling light fixing plate 5, and the first adjusting handle 51 is threadedly connected to the fixing block. The end of the first adjusting handle 51 can abut against the upper surface of the ceiling light mounting platform 2.

[0035] In some embodiments, the ceiling light fixing plate 5 and the ceiling light mounting platform 2 are provided with a first scale 100 along the Y-axis on one side and a first indicator block 101 on the other side. In this embodiment, the ceiling light mounting platform 2 is provided with the first scale 100 along the Y-axis, and the ceiling light fixing plate 5 is provided with the first indicator block 101 on the other side of the fixing block. When the ceiling light fixing plate 5 moves along the Y-axis, the first indicator block 101 moves along the first scale 100.

[0036] In this embodiment, the second adjustment mechanism 9 includes a first adjustment component and a second adjustment component. A base 90 is provided between the base 7 and the frame 1. The first adjustment component is disposed between the base 7 and the base 90, and the second adjustment component is disposed between the base 90 and the frame 1. The first adjustment component includes two first slide rods 91 spaced apart on the frame 1 and a first slide block 92 disposed on the first slide rods 91. The base 90 is connected to the first slide block 92. The second adjustment component includes two second slide rods 93 spaced apart on the base 90 and a second slide block 94 disposed on the second slide rods 93. The base 7 is connected to the second slide block 94. Both the first slide rods 91 and the second slide rods 93 are arranged along the X-axis direction. By using the two adjustment components in the X-axis direction, the adjustable range of the target flat disk 3 in the X-axis direction is expanded.

[0037] Secondly, the base 90 and the frame 1 are connected by a first locking handle 95 threadedly on one side, and the other side abuts against the first locking handle 95. The base 7 and the base 90 are connected by a second locking handle 96 threadedly on one side, and the other side abuts against the second locking handle 96. The frame 1 and the base 90 are provided with a second scale 102 along the X-axis on one side, and a second indicator block 103 correspondingly on the other side. The base 7 and the base 90 are provided with a third scale 104 along the X-axis on one side, and a third indicator block 105 correspondingly on the other side. In this embodiment, the first locking handle 95 is disposed on the base 90, and the frame 1 is specially provided with a first locking rod that cooperates with it. The first locking rod is disposed along the X-axis direction. At the same time, the second indicator block 103 is disposed on the base 90, and the second scale 102 is disposed on the frame 1. The base 90 is provided with a fixing plate facing upward. The second locking handle 96 is disposed on the fixing plate. The base 7 is provided with a corresponding second locking rod that is disposed along the X-axis direction. At the same time, the third indicator block 105 is disposed on the fixing plate, and the third scale 104 is disposed on the base 7.

[0038] Furthermore, a fixing groove 10 is provided on the frame 1 along the Y-axis direction. The frame 1 is made of national standard aluminum profile and has a fixing groove 10 on it. Fixing seats 11 are provided at both ends of the second slide rod 93. The fixing seats 11 are connected to the fixing groove 10 by bolts, generally T-bolts. This allows the base 90 to be adjusted relative to the frame 1 along the Y-axis direction, further improving the adjustability of the measuring platform.

[0039] In this embodiment, the height adjustment mechanism 4 includes two second slide rails 40 spaced apart on the frame 1, a second slider 41 mounted on the second slide rails 40, a lead screw 42, and a sliding seat 43. The ceiling light mounting platform 2 is connected to the second slider 41. The second slide rails 40 are arranged along the height direction of the frame 1. The lead screw 42 is arranged along the height direction of the frame 1 and located between the two second slide rails 40. The sliding seat 43 is mounted on the lead screw 42 and connected to the ceiling light mounting platform 2. A second adjustment handle 44 is provided at the top of the lead screw 42. The ceiling light mounting platform 2 and the frame 1 have a fourth scale 45 arranged along the height direction of the frame 1 on one side and a corresponding fourth indicator block 46 arranged on the other side. Thus, the height of the ceiling light mounting platform 2 can be precisely adjusted by rotating the second adjustment handle 44. The height direction of the frame 1 is the Z-axis direction.

[0040] It is understandable that each linear adjustment mechanism is equipped with a scale to facilitate data recording and analysis, as well as to accurately simulate the illumination scenarios of each overhead light.

[0041] Preferably, the surface of the measuring platform is blackened, that is, the surfaces of all components such as the frame, the top light mounting platform 2, and the target plane disk 3 are blackened to prevent reflection from affecting the test results.

[0042] In this embodiment of the present disclosure, the angle adjustment mechanism 8 includes two spaced-apart mounting plates 80. The target flat plate 3 is rotatably mounted between the two mounting plates 80 via an angle adjuster 81. One of the mounting plates 80 is provided with an angle scale 82, and the target flat plate 3 is provided with an angle pointer 83 on the corresponding side. Thus, the target flat plate 3 has a vertical scale and an angle scale, and its position and angle can be freely adjusted to adapt to the lighting requirements of different types of ceiling lights.

[0043] In summary, after reading this detailed disclosure, those skilled in the art will understand that the foregoing detailed disclosure is presented by way of example only and is not restrictive. Although not explicitly stated herein, those skilled in the art will understand that the requirements of this application encompass various reasonable changes, improvements, and modifications to the embodiments. These changes, improvements, and modifications are intended to be made by this application and are within the spirit and scope of the exemplary embodiments of this application.

[0044] Furthermore, it should be understood that in the foregoing description of the embodiments of this application, various features are combined in a single embodiment, drawing, or description for the purpose of simplifying the understanding of a feature. However, this does not mean that the combination of these features is necessary, and those skilled in the art may readily identify some of the devices as separate embodiments when reading this application. That is, the embodiments in this application can also be understood as an integration of multiple sub-embodiments. It is also valid when each sub-embodiment contains fewer than all the features of a single foregoing disclosed embodiment.

[0045] Finally, it should be understood that the embodiments disclosed herein are illustrative of the principles of the embodiments of this application. Other modified embodiments are also within the scope of this application. Therefore, the embodiments disclosed herein are merely examples and not limitations. Those skilled in the art can adopt alternative configurations to implement the applications in this application based on the embodiments in this application. Therefore, the embodiments of this application are not limited to the embodiments precisely described in the application.

Claims

1. A measuring stand for automotive roof light illuminance, comprising a frame (1), characterized in that, The frame (1) is provided with a top light mounting platform (2) and a target plane disk (3). A height adjustment mechanism (4) is provided between the top light mounting platform (2) and the frame (1). A top light fixing plate (5) is provided on the top light mounting platform (2). A first adjustment mechanism (6) is provided between the top light fixing plate (5) and the top light mounting platform (2). A base (7) is provided between the target plane disk (3) and the frame (1). An angle adjustment mechanism (8) is provided between the base (7) and the target plane disk (3). A second adjustment mechanism (9) is provided between the base (7) and the frame (1). The first adjustment mechanism (6) and the second adjustment mechanism (9) are adjusted in the X-axis direction and in the Y-axis direction, respectively. A test circle is provided on the target plane disk (3).

2. The measuring stand for automotive roof light illuminance according to claim 1, characterized in that, The first adjustment mechanism (6) is used to adjust the top light fixing plate (5) relative to the top light mounting platform (2) in the Y-axis direction, and the second adjustment mechanism (9) is used to adjust the target base (7) relative to the frame (1) in the X-axis direction.

3. The measuring stand for automotive roof light illuminance according to claim 2, characterized in that, The first adjustment mechanism (6) includes two first slide rails (60) spaced apart on the ceiling light mounting platform (2) and a first slider (61) on the first slide rails (60). The ceiling light fixing plate (5) is disposed on the first slider (61). The first slide rails (60) are arranged along the Y-axis. The ceiling light fixing plate (5) is provided with several through holes (50). The ceiling light fixing plate (5) is used to fix ceiling light fixtures of different specifications through the through holes (50). The ceiling light fixing plate (5) and the ceiling light mounting platform (2) are connected by a first adjustment handle (51) on one side and abut against the end of the first adjustment handle (51) on the other side.

4. The measuring stand for automotive roof light illuminance according to claim 3, characterized in that, The ceiling light fixing plate (5) and the ceiling light mounting platform (2) are provided with a first scale (100) along the Y-axis direction on one side and a first indicator block (101) on the other side.

5. A measuring stand for automotive roof light illuminance according to claim 2, characterized in that, The second adjustment mechanism (9) includes a first adjustment component and a second adjustment component. A base (90) is provided between the base (7) and the frame (1). The first adjustment component is located between the base (7) and the base (90), and the second adjustment component is located between the base (90) and the frame (1). The first adjustment component includes two first slide rods (91) spaced apart on the frame (1) and a first slide block (92) located on the first slide rods (91). The base (90) is connected to the first slide block (92). The second adjustment component includes two slide rods spaced apart on the frame (1). A second slide rod (93) is placed on the base (90) and a second slide block (94) is provided on the second slide rod (93). The base (7) is connected to the second slide block (94). The first slide rod (91) and the second slide rod (93) are both arranged along the X-axis direction. The base (90) and the frame (1) are connected by a first locking handle (95) on one side and abut against the first locking handle (95) on the other side. The base (7) and the base (90) are connected by a second locking handle (96) on one side and abut against the second locking handle (96) on the other side.

6. The measuring stand for automotive roof light illuminance according to claim 5, characterized in that, The frame (1) and the base (90) have a second scale (102) on one side along the X-axis and a second indicator block (103) on the other side. The base (7) and the base (90) have a third scale (104) on one side along the X-axis and a third indicator block (105) on the other side.

7. The measuring stand for automotive roof light illuminance according to claim 1, characterized in that, The frame (1) is provided with a fixing groove (10) along the Y-axis direction, and the two ends of the second slide rod (93) are provided with fixing seats (11). The fixing seats (11) and the fixing groove (10) are connected by bolts, so that the base (90) can be adjusted relative to the frame (1) along the Y-axis direction.

8. The measuring stand for automotive roof light illuminance according to claim 1, characterized in that, The height adjustment mechanism (4) includes two second slide rails (40) spaced apart on the frame (1), a second slider (41) on the second slide rails (40), a lead screw (42) and a sliding seat (43). The ceiling light mounting platform (2) is connected to the second slider (41). The second slide rails (40) are arranged along the height direction of the frame (1). The lead screw (42) is arranged along the height direction of the frame (1) and located between the two second slide rails (40). The sliding seat (43) is arranged on the lead screw (42) and connected to the ceiling light mounting platform (2). A second adjustment handle (44) is provided at the top of the lead screw (42). A fourth scale (45) is provided on one side of the ceiling light mounting platform (2) along the height direction of the frame (1), and a fourth indicator block (46) is provided on the other side.

9. A measuring stand for automotive roof light illuminance according to claim 1, characterized in that, The surface of the measuring platform is blackened.

10. A measuring stand for automotive roof light illuminance according to claim 1 or 5, characterized in that, The angle adjustment mechanism (8) includes two spaced mounting plates (80). The target plane disk (3) is rotatably mounted between the two mounting plates (80) via an angle adjuster (81). An angle scale (82) is provided on one of the mounting plates (80), and an angle pointer (83) is provided on the corresponding side of the target plane disk (3).