Packaging structure of perovskite solar cell module
By combining a multi-layer encapsulation structure and an encapsulation cover, the problem of water and oxygen erosion during the encapsulation process of perovskite solar cells is solved, thereby improving the stability and lifespan of the cells.
Patent Information
- Application Number
- CN202420041107.X
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Utility models(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2024-01-08
- Publication Date
- 2025-10-28
- Estimated Expiration
- 2034-01-08
AI Technical Summary
Perovskite solar cells are susceptible to water and oxygen corrosion during the encapsulation process, which can lead to decomposition and affect their stability and lifespan.
The system employs a multi-layer encapsulation structure, including a first inorganic layer and a second inorganic layer that are repeatedly stacked to form an encapsulation component. This component encapsulates the top and side walls of the perovskite solar module and is combined with an encapsulation cover plate for multiple seals to block water and oxygen.
It improves the stability and lifespan of perovskite solar cells, and has a good encapsulation effect, especially for perovskite materials that are sensitive to moisture. The process is simple and the encapsulation efficiency is high.
Smart Images
Figure CN223488678U_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] This utility model belongs to the field of perovskite solar cell technology, specifically relating to a packaging structure for a perovskite solar cell module. Background Technology
[0002] With the increasing severity of global ecological and energy shortages, renewable energy has garnered widespread attention due to its renewability and environmental friendliness. Solar energy, as a pure renewable energy source, possesses unparalleled advantages over other energy sources. Since its inception, photovoltaic power generation technology has rapidly become one of the effective means of utilizing solar energy. Perovskite solar cells, as the third generation of solar cells, have achieved an efficiency of 25.5% in small-area laboratory devices in just over a decade since their development began in 2009. Compared to crystalline silicon solar cells, which occupy 90% of the market, perovskite solar cells are relatively cheaper, while maintaining comparable efficiency and certification records to crystalline silicon cells. However, the long-term stability of perovskite solar cells remains a technological bottleneck hindering their commercialization.
[0003] Currently, the main factors affecting the stability of perovskite solar cells include the decomposition of metal electrodes and components within the cell module due to moisture and oxygen in the air during contact with air. Typically, perovskite solar cell modules are encapsulated between two substrates, with filler material between the substrates and around the cell, and additional sealing material around the four edges of the substrates for further encapsulation. The filler material is usually encapsulated using a vacuum heating curing process; however, the high temperature during heating can cause the perovskite layer to decompose. Gaps created at the contact points can induce water and oxygen ingress, meaning that even with current encapsulation techniques, water and oxygen can still enter the encapsulated cell from the edges, damaging the perovskite material, causing decomposition, and ultimately affecting the lifespan of the encapsulated perovskite solar cell.
[0004] In view of this, this utility model is hereby proposed. Utility Model Content
[0005] The purpose of this invention is to overcome the shortcomings of the prior art and provide a packaging structure for a perovskite solar cell module. The packaging assembly is mainly formed by a first inorganic layer or an organic layer and a second inorganic layer that are repeatedly stacked on the first inorganic layer. This packaging assembly can simultaneously wrap the top and side walls of the perovskite solar cell module, thereby achieving multiple seals in both the horizontal and vertical directions. This effectively protects the perovskite solar cell module, reduces the damage of moisture and oxygen to the battery, and improves the stability and lifespan of the battery.
[0006] The objective of this utility model is achieved through the following technical solution:
[0007] This utility model provides a packaging structure for a perovskite solar cell module, including:
[0008] substrate;
[0009] A transparent conductive layer is disposed on the upper part of the substrate;
[0010] A perovskite solar module, wherein the perovskite solar module is disposed on the upper part of a transparent conductive layer;
[0011] An encapsulation assembly is disposed on top of a transparent conductive layer and has a shell structure. The perovskite solar module is disposed within a receiving cavity of the shell structure of the encapsulation assembly, and the outer wall of the perovskite solar module is in contact with the inner wall of the encapsulation assembly. The encapsulation assembly includes a first inorganic layer, which is in contact with the upper surface of the transparent conductive layer. Alternatively, the encapsulation assembly includes an organic layer and a second inorganic layer that are repeatedly stacked on the first inorganic layer, and both the first and second inorganic layers are in contact with the upper surface of the transparent conductive layer.
[0012] It also includes the encapsulation cover.
[0013] Furthermore, the encapsulation cover is a box structure with an open bottom, the encapsulation component is nested in the cavity of the encapsulation cover box structure, and the bottom opening of the encapsulation cover box structure is connected to the transparent conductive layer.
[0014] Preferably, the encapsulation cover is made of transparent glass.
[0015] Furthermore, both the first and second inorganic layers are composed of oxide films or nitride films; that is, the first and second inorganic layers are encapsulation films made of inorganic materials to isolate impurities such as water and oxygen. For example, the oxide film can be any one of Al2O3, SiO2, HfO2, ZrO2, ZnO, Ta2O5, CeO2, La2O3, CoOx, MoO3, SrTiO, TiO2, SnO2, Nb2O5, Y2O3, MgO, BaTiO3, In2O3, NiO, V2O5, and WO3; the nitride film can be any one of silicon nitride or aluminum nitride. The organic layer is made of acrylic resin, epoxy acrylic resin, or epoxy resin; that is, the organic layer is an encapsulation film made of organic materials to isolate impurities such as water and oxygen.
[0016] Furthermore, the thickness of the first inorganic layer and the second inorganic layer is 5 nm to 10 μm; the thickness of the organic layer is 10 nm to 100 μm.
[0017] It should be noted that the thickness of the first inorganic layer and the second inorganic layer can be adapted to the actual packaging requirements. Selectable thicknesses include 5nm, 20nm, 40nm, 80nm, 100nm, 300nm, 500nm, 700nm, 900nm, 1000nm, 2μm, 4μm, 6μm, 8μm, 10μm, etc., which will not be listed one by one. The thickness of the organic layer can also be adapted to the actual packaging requirements, including 10nm, 50nm, 100nm, 300nm, 600nm, 800nm, 1000nm, 2μm, 10μm, 30μm, 50μm, 60μm, 80μm, or 100μm, etc., which will not be listed one by one.
[0018] Furthermore, the first inorganic layer includes a horizontally arranged first inorganic layer top, a vertically arranged first inorganic layer side that is connected to the periphery of the first inorganic layer top, and a first inorganic layer bottom that is connected to the bottom end of each first inorganic layer side and extends outward horizontally.
[0019] The lower surface of the top of the first inorganic layer is in close contact with the upper surface of the perovskite solar module, the inner walls of the four sides of the first inorganic layer are in close contact with the front, back, left and right outer walls of the perovskite solar module, and the lower surfaces of the four bottoms of the first inorganic layer are in close contact with the upper surface of the transparent conductive layer.
[0020] Furthermore, the organic layer includes a horizontally arranged top organic layer, a vertically arranged side organic layer that is connected to the top organic layer around its perimeter, and an organic layer bottom that is connected to the bottom end of each side organic layer and extends outward horizontally.
[0021] The lower surface of the top of the organic layer is in close contact with the upper surface of the top of the first inorganic layer, the inner walls of the four sides of the organic layer are in close contact with the front, back, left and right outer walls of the sides of the first inorganic layer, and the lower surfaces of the bottom of the four organic layers are in close contact with the upper surface of the bottom of the first inorganic layer, and the outward extension length of the bottom of the organic layer is less than the outward extension length of the bottom of the first inorganic layer.
[0022] Furthermore, the second inorganic layer includes a horizontally arranged top portion of the second inorganic layer, a vertically arranged side portion of the second inorganic layer that is connected to the periphery of the top portion of the second inorganic layer, and a bottom portion of the second inorganic layer that is connected to the bottom end of each side portion of the second inorganic layer and extends outward horizontally.
[0023] The lower surface of the top of the second inorganic layer is in close contact with the upper surface of the top of the organic layer. The inner walls of the four sides of the second inorganic layer are in close contact with the front, back, left, and right outer walls of the sides of the organic layer, respectively. The bottoms of the four second inorganic layers respectively wrap around the bottoms of the first inorganic layer and the bottoms of the organic layer and are in close contact with the upper surface of the transparent conductive layer.
[0024] Preferably, the first inorganic layer and the second inorganic layer are both prepared by chemical vapor deposition, plasma-enhanced chemical vapor deposition, sputtering or sublimation or a combination thereof; the organic layer is a polymeric film formed by coating an ink composition onto a substrate by inkjet printing, spraying, roller coating, blade coating or spin coating, and then curing it by heating or ultraviolet exposure.
[0025] Furthermore, the perovskite solar module includes an electron transport layer, a perovskite light-absorbing layer, and a hole transport layer that are stacked and connected in sequence.
[0026] The electron transport layer is connected to the transparent conductive layer, or the hole transport layer is connected to the transparent conductive layer.
[0027] Furthermore, a first conductive portion and a second conductive portion are respectively provided on the surface of the transparent conductive layer and on opposite sides of the encapsulation cover plate, and a gap is left between the first conductive portion and the second conductive portion and the encapsulation cover plate.
[0028] Furthermore, the transparent conductive layer also includes an L-shaped metal electrode structure, which consists of a horizontally arranged first metal electrode and a vertically arranged second metal electrode connected to the end of the first metal electrode.
[0029] The transparent conductive layer is mainly composed of two separate parts. The first metal electrode is disposed on the upper surface of the perovskite solar module and in contact with the lower surface of the encapsulation module. The second metal electrode is in close contact with any side of the perovskite solar module, and the end of the second metal electrode is in contact with the upper surface of one of the transparent conductive layers of the two separate parts.
[0030] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:
[0031] The encapsulation structure provided by this utility model mainly consists of a first inorganic layer or an organic layer and a second inorganic layer repeatedly stacked on top of the first inorganic layer to form an encapsulation component. This encapsulation component can simultaneously wrap the top and side walls of the perovskite solar module, thereby achieving multiple seals in both the horizontal and vertical directions. Moreover, this encapsulation component has the characteristics of dense structure, chemical inertness, and high chemical stability of the inorganic barrier film. Combined with the multiple protections of the encapsulation cover, it can effectively block the influence of water and oxygen on the perovskite battery. It is especially suitable for encapsulating perovskite materials that are more sensitive to water vapor, avoiding the entry of water vapor due to unsatisfactory encapsulation effect, which can cause perovskite decomposition. This improves the stability and lifespan of the perovskite solar cell. In addition, this encapsulation structure has a simple process, high encapsulation efficiency, and excellent encapsulation effect for large-area perovskite batteries. Attached Figure Description
[0032] The accompanying drawings are incorporated in and form part of this specification, and together with the description, serve to explain the principles of this invention.
[0033] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of this utility model or the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, for those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.
[0034] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the packaging structure when the packaging component of this utility model is multi-layered;
[0035] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the encapsulation structure when the encapsulation component has three layers in Embodiment 1 of this utility model;
[0036] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the encapsulation structure when the encapsulation component has five layers in Embodiment 2 of this utility model;
[0037] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the encapsulation structure when the encapsulation component is a single layer in Embodiment 3 of this utility model;
[0038] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the encapsulation structure in Comparative Example 1 when the encapsulated component has three layers (but the three layers are aligned vertically, i.e., they are not wrapped).
[0039] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the encapsulation structure in Comparative Example 2 without adding a cover plate component;
[0040] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the encapsulation structure in Comparative Example 3 without adding encapsulation components;
[0041] Figure 8 The curves show the normalized efficiency of the perovskite solar cell encapsulation structure as a function of time, as illustrated in the examples and comparative examples.
[0042] in:
[0043] 10 represents the substrate;
[0044] 20 is a transparent conductive layer; 21 is a first conductive part; 22 is a second conductive part; 23 is a metal electrode structure; 23-1 is a first metal electrode; 23-2 is a second metal electrode;
[0045] 30 is a perovskite solar module; 31 is an electron transport layer; 32 is a perovskite light-absorbing layer; 33 is a hole transport layer;
[0046] 40 is the encapsulation component; 41 is the first inorganic layer; 41-1 is the top of the first inorganic layer; 41-2 is the side of the first inorganic layer; 41-3 is the bottom of the first inorganic layer; 42 is the organic layer; 42-1 is the top of the organic layer; 42-2 is the side of the organic layer; 42-3 is the bottom of the organic layer; 43 is the second inorganic layer; 43-1 is the top of the second inorganic layer; 43-2 is the side of the second inorganic layer; 43-3 is the bottom of the second inorganic layer;
[0047] 50 is the encapsulation cover. Detailed Implementation
[0048] Exemplary embodiments will now be described in detail, examples of which are illustrated in the accompanying drawings. When the following description relates to the drawings, unless otherwise indicated, the same numerals in different drawings denote the same or similar elements. The embodiments described in the following exemplary embodiments do not represent all embodiments consistent with this invention. Rather, they are merely examples of apparatuses consistent with some aspects of this invention as detailed in the appended claims.
[0049] To enable those skilled in the art to better understand and implement the technical solution of this utility model, the present utility model will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments. The following embodiments are only used to more clearly illustrate the technical solution of this utility model and should not be construed as limiting the scope of protection of this utility model.
[0050] In the description of this utility model, it should be understood that the terms "center", "longitudinal", "transverse", "length", "width", "thickness", "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", "axial", "radial", "circumferential", etc., indicating the orientation or positional relationship are based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings. They are only for the convenience of describing the technical solution of this utility model and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limitations on this utility model.
[0051] The terminology used in this application is for the purpose of describing specific embodiments only and is not intended to limit the application. Unless otherwise defined, the technical or scientific terms used in this application should be understood in their ordinary sense by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this application pertains. The words "a" or "one" and similar terms used in this application specification and claims do not indicate a quantity limitation, but rather indicate the presence of at least one. Furthermore, the terms "first," "second," etc., are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance. In the description of this utility model, it should be noted that, unless otherwise explicitly specified or limited, the terms "connected" or "linked" should be interpreted broadly. For example, it can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; it can refer to a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this utility model according to the specific circumstances. In the description of this utility model, unless otherwise stated, "a plurality of" means two or more, which will not be elaborated further here.
[0052] Example 1
[0053] like Figure 1 , 2 As shown, this utility model provides a packaging structure for a perovskite solar cell module, including a substrate 10, a transparent conductive layer 20 and a perovskite solar cell module 30 sequentially disposed on the substrate 10 from bottom to top; it also includes a packaging component 40 disposed on the upper part of the transparent conductive layer 20, and the packaging component 40 has a shell structure, with the perovskite solar cell module 30 disposed in the receiving cavity of the shell structure of the packaging component 40, and the outer wall of the perovskite solar cell module 30 contacting the inner wall of the packaging component 40. The packaging component 40 may include a first inorganic layer 41, and the first inorganic layer 41 is in contact with the upper surface of the transparent conductive layer 20; or the packaging component 40 includes an organic layer 42 and a second inorganic layer 43 repeatedly stacked on the first inorganic layer 41, and both the first inorganic layer 41 and the second inorganic layer 43 are in contact with the upper surface of the transparent conductive layer 20.
[0054] Specifically, the encapsulation component 40 in this utility model may include a single-layer structure (i.e., only the first inorganic layer 41), a three-layer structure (first inorganic layer 41 / organic layer 42 / second inorganic layer 43), a five-layer structure (first inorganic layer 41 / organic layer 42 / second inorganic layer 43 / organic layer 42 / second inorganic layer 43), a seven-layer structure (first inorganic layer 41 / organic layer 42 / second inorganic layer 43 / organic layer 42 / second inorganic layer 43 / organic layer 42 / second inorganic layer 43), and so on. Figure 1As shown, the encapsulation component 40 can have up to 21 layers; the specific number of layers can be determined according to actual production needs, with inorganic and organic layers stacked sequentially. When the encapsulation component 40 has three or more layers, the outermost layer is an inorganic layer, and the organic layer 42 is used to compensate for defects in the inorganic layer, alleviate stress, and facilitate adhesive encapsulation. The encapsulated structure of the perovskite solar cell can be integrally formed after lamination using a laminator.
[0055] The thicknesses of the first inorganic layer 41 and the second inorganic layer 43 are both 5 nm to 10 μm; the thickness of the organic layer 42 is 10 nm to 100 μm, which can be selected according to the actual situation. Both the first inorganic layer 41 and the second inorganic layer 43 are composed of oxide films or nitride films, meaning that the first inorganic layer 41 and the second inorganic layer 43 are encapsulation films made of inorganic materials to isolate impurities such as water and oxygen. Specifically, the oxide film can be Al2O3, SiO2, HfO2, ZrO2, ZnO, Ta2O5, CeO2, La2O3, CoOx, or MoO. 3、 The organic layer can be any one of SrTiO, TiO2, SnO2, Nb2O5, Y2O3, MgO, BaTiO3, In2O3, NiO, V2O5, and WO3; the nitride film can be any one of silicon nitride or aluminum nitride. The organic layer is made of acrylic resin, epoxy acrylic resin, or epoxy resin; that is, the organic layer is an encapsulation film made of organic materials to isolate impurities such as water and oxygen.
[0056] Preferably, the first inorganic layer 41 and the second inorganic layer 43 are both prepared by chemical vapor deposition, plasma-enhanced chemical vapor deposition, sputtering or sublimation or a combination thereof; the organic layer 42 is a polymer film formed by coating an ink composition onto a substrate by inkjet printing, spraying, roller coating, blade coating or spin coating, and then curing it by heating or ultraviolet exposure. The advantage of the organic layer 42 is that it provides flatness, compensates for the internal defects of the inorganic layer, and eliminates the influence of moisture seeping in from the side of the encapsulation component 40.
[0057] Preferably, the encapsulation structure of this embodiment further includes an encapsulation cover 50, which can be made of transparent glass. The encapsulation cover 50 is a box structure with an open bottom, and the encapsulation component 40 is nested in the cavity of the box structure of the encapsulation cover 50, and the bottom opening of the box structure of the encapsulation cover 50 is connected to the transparent conductive layer 20.
[0058] In this embodiment of the invention, the perovskite solar module 30 includes an electron transport layer 31, a perovskite light-absorbing layer 32, and a hole transport layer 33 stacked sequentially. The electron transport layer 31 is connected to the transparent conductive layer 20, or the hole transport layer 33 is connected to the transparent conductive layer 20. That is, the perovskite solar module 30 can be stacked in two ways from bottom to top: one is an electron transport layer 31, a perovskite light-absorbing layer 32, and a hole transport layer 33; the other is a hole transport layer 33, a perovskite light-absorbing layer 32, and an electron transport layer 31.
[0059] Preferably, in this embodiment of the present invention, the transparent conductive layer 20 is made of one or more of indium tin oxide (ITO), aluminum-doped zinc oxide (AZO), indium-doped zinc oxide (IZO), fluorine-doped tin oxide (FTO), indium tungsten oxide (IWO), indium cerium oxide (ICO), and Ag nanowires, and the thickness can be selected from 100nm to 400nm.
[0060] like Figure 2 As shown, the embodiment of this utility model takes a three-layer structure (first inorganic layer 41 / organic layer 42 / second inorganic layer 43) as an example for detailed description as follows:
[0061] The first inorganic layer 41 includes a horizontally arranged first inorganic layer top 41-1, a vertically arranged first inorganic layer side portion 41-2 connected to the four sides of the first inorganic layer top 41-1, and a first inorganic layer bottom portion 41-3 connected to the bottom end of each first inorganic layer side portion 41-2 and extending outward horizontally; the lower surface of the first inorganic layer top 41-1 is in close contact with the upper surface of the perovskite solar module 30, the inner walls of the four first inorganic layer side portions 41-2 are in close contact with the front, back, left, and right outer walls of the perovskite solar module 30 respectively, and the lower surfaces of the four first inorganic layer bottom portions 41-3 are in close contact with the upper surface of the transparent conductive layer 20.
[0062] The organic layer 42 includes a horizontally arranged top organic layer 42-1, vertically arranged organic layer sides 42-2 connected to the top organic layer 42-1, and organic layer bottoms 42-3 connected to the bottom of each organic layer side 42-2 and extending outward horizontally. The lower surface of the top organic layer 42-1 is in close contact with the upper surface of the top of the first inorganic layer 41-1. The inner walls of the four organic layer sides 42-2 are in close contact with the front, back, left, and right outer walls of the first inorganic layer sides 41-2, respectively. The lower surfaces of the four organic layer bottoms 42-3 are in close contact with the upper surface of the first inorganic layer bottoms 41-3, and the outward extension length of the organic layer bottoms 42-3 is less than the outward extension length of the first inorganic layer bottoms 41-3.
[0063] The second inorganic layer 43 includes a horizontally arranged second inorganic layer top 43-1, a vertically arranged second inorganic layer side portion 43-2 connected to the second inorganic layer top 43-1 around its perimeter, and a second inorganic layer bottom portion 43-3 connected to the bottom end of each second inorganic layer side portion 43-2 and extending outward horizontally; the lower surface of the second inorganic layer top 43-1 is in close contact with the upper surface of the organic layer top 42-1, the inner walls of the four second inorganic layer side portions 43-2 are in close contact with the front, back, left, and right outer walls of the organic layer side portions 42-2 respectively, and the four second inorganic layer bottom portions 43-3 respectively wrap around the first inorganic layer bottom portion 41-3 and the organic layer bottom portion 42-3 and are in close contact with the upper surface of the transparent conductive layer 20.
[0064] Furthermore, it should be noted that a first conductive portion 21 and a second conductive portion 22 are respectively disposed on the surface of the transparent conductive layer 20 and on the left and right sides of the encapsulation cover plate 50, with gaps between the first conductive portion 21 and the second conductive portion 22 and the encapsulation cover plate 50. Further, the transparent conductive layer 20 also includes an L-shaped metal electrode structure 23, which consists of a horizontally disposed first metal electrode 23-1 and a vertically disposed second metal electrode 23-2 connected to the end of the first metal electrode 23-1. The first metal electrode 23-1 is disposed on the upper surface of the perovskite solar module 30 and contacts the lower surface of the encapsulation component 40. The second metal electrode 23-2 is in close contact with either side of the perovskite solar module 30, and the end of the second metal electrode 23-2 contacts the upper surface of one of the two separate transparent conductive layers 20, i.e., as shown in the figure. Figure 2 As shown, the bottom end of the second metal electrode 23-2 only contacts the upper surface of the right-side transparent conductive layer 20. This prevents water and oxygen from potentially entering through gaps caused by the contact portion, further improving the stability and lifespan of the perovskite solar cell.
[0065] Preferably, the metal electrode structure 23 is made of a metal material or a composite material. The metal material can be a single metal material or an alloy material. For example, the single metal material can be any one of metals such as Au, Ag, Ca, Mg, and Al. The alloy material can be at least two of Au, Ag, Ca, Mg, and Al. The composite material can be a composite material formed by the metal material and at least one of the following materials: C, graphene, or carbon nanotubes.
[0066] As one embodiment of this utility model, an inductively coupled plasma-enhanced chemical vapor deposition (ICP-PECVD) apparatus can be selected to sequentially form a first inorganic layer 41, an organic layer 42, and a second inorganic layer 43 on the PET surface, thereby greatly simplifying the operation steps of the encapsulation component 40, reducing equipment costs, and shortening the processing cycle, effectively saving production costs. Furthermore, the process is carried out at a low temperature (<100°C), which will not damage the substrate 10.
[0067] Specifically, this embodiment uses a three-layer encapsulation structure as an example. The transparent conductive layer 20 of the perovskite solar cell is conductive glass with a thickness of 135 nm. An electron transport layer 31, with a thickness of 40 nm, is formed by evaporating carbon-60 (C60) electron transport material onto the ITO substrate 20. A perovskite light-absorbing layer 32 (CH3NH3PbI3) with a thickness of 600 nm is spin-coated onto the electron transport layer 31. A hole transport layer 33, with a thickness of 20 nm, is spin-coated onto the electron transport layer 31. A silver electrode (cathode electrode) with a thickness of 100 nm is deposited on the hole transport layer 33. The effective area of the cell is 0.64 cm². 2 .
[0068] The thicknesses of the three layers in the encapsulation component 40 are as follows: the thickness of the first inorganic layer 41 is 40 nm, the thickness of the organic layer 42 is 50 μm, and the thickness of the second inorganic layer 43 is 40 nm.
[0069] Example 2
[0070] This embodiment provides a packaging structure for a perovskite solar cell module, such as... Figure 3 As shown, the only difference between this embodiment and Example 1 is that the encapsulation component 40 adopts a five-layer structure, and the thickness of each layer is as follows: first inorganic layer 41 (40nm) / organic layer 42 (50μm) / second inorganic layer 43 (40nm) / organic layer 42 (50μm) / second inorganic layer 43 (40nm).
[0071] Example 3
[0072] This embodiment provides a packaging structure for a perovskite solar cell module, such as... Figure 4 As shown, the only difference between this embodiment and Example 1 is that the encapsulation component 40 in this embodiment has only one inorganic layer 41 (100nm thick).
[0073] Comparative Example 1
[0074] This embodiment provides a packaging structure for a perovskite solar cell module, such as... Figure 5 As shown, the only difference between this embodiment and Embodiment 1 is that the encapsulation component 40 in this embodiment also adopts a three-layer structure, but the bottom of the organic layer 42-3, the bottom of the first inorganic layer 41-3, and the bottom of the second inorganic layer 43-3 are flush in the longitudinal direction.
[0075] Comparative Example 2
[0076] This comparative example provides a packaging structure for a perovskite solar cell module, such as... Figure 6As shown, the only difference between this and Example 1 is that the encapsulation cover 50 is not added in the encapsulation structure of this comparative example.
[0077] Comparative Example 3
[0078] This comparative example provides a packaging structure for a perovskite solar cell module, such as... Figure 7 As shown, the only difference between this comparative example and Example 1 is that the first inorganic layer 41, the organic layer 42, and the second inorganic layer 43 are not added to the packaging structure of this comparative example.
[0079] Test method:
[0080] PCE-t curves (normalized efficiency versus time) for the examples and comparative examples were measured using a solar simulator with a light intensity of 100 mA / cm². 2 The experimental conditions were atmospheric pressure under light, temperature 20℃, and humidity 30%. The test results are as follows: Figure 8 As shown.
[0081] pass Figure 8 The test results from the examples and comparative examples show that the encapsulation structure of this application exhibits superior photostability. It can suppress the decomposition of perovskite materials, thereby improving the stability and lifespan of perovskite solar cells.
[0082] The addition of encapsulation component 40 can significantly improve the damp-heat stability of the encapsulation structure of perovskite solar cell modules. Test results from Examples 1 to 3 show that using the encapsulation component 40 of this application for encapsulating perovskite cells results in superior encapsulation performance, significantly improving the damp-heat stability of the perovskite cell encapsulation structure. The encapsulation effect of the five-layer structure of encapsulation component 40, after being placed in air for 3600 hours (with 90% of the initial energy conversion efficiency), is better than the encapsulation effect of the three-layer structure (with approximately 88% of the initial energy conversion efficiency), which is better than the encapsulation effect of the single-layer structure (with approximately 84% of the initial energy conversion efficiency).
[0083] The comparison of the results of Example 1 and Comparative Example 1 shows that the encapsulation effect of the bottom of the organic layer 42-3 being flush with the bottom of the first inorganic layer 41-3 and the bottom of the second inorganic layer 43-3 in the longitudinal direction in Comparative Example 1 (with an initial energy conversion efficiency of about 60%) is lower than the encapsulation effect of the first inorganic layer 41 and the second inorganic layer 43 covering and wrapping the organic layer 42 in Example 1 (with an initial energy conversion efficiency of about 88%).
[0084] The results of Comparative Example 2 show that without the addition of the cover plate component 50, the damp heat stability is reduced, with an initial energy conversion efficiency of about 70%; while in Comparative Example 3, without the addition of the encapsulation component 40, the damp heat stability of the perovskite battery encapsulation structure is significantly reduced, with an initial energy conversion efficiency of less than 3%.
[0085] The above description is merely a specific embodiment of this utility model, enabling those skilled in the art to understand or implement it. Various modifications to these embodiments will be readily apparent to those skilled in the art, and the general principles defined herein may be implemented in other embodiments without departing from the spirit or scope of this utility model.
[0086] It should be understood that this utility model is not limited to the content already described above, and various modifications and changes can be made without departing from its scope. The scope of this utility model is limited only by the appended claims.
Claims
1. A packaging structure for a perovskite solar cell module, characterized in that, include: base(10); A transparent conductive layer (20) is disposed on the upper part of the substrate (10); A perovskite solar module (30) is disposed on the upper part of a transparent conductive layer (20); An encapsulation component (40) is disposed on the upper part of the transparent conductive layer (20) and has a shell structure. The perovskite solar module (30) is disposed in the receiving cavity of the shell structure of the encapsulation component (40) and the outer wall of the perovskite solar module (30) is in contact with the inner wall of the encapsulation component (40). The encapsulation component (40) includes a first inorganic layer (41) and the first inorganic layer (41) is in contact with the upper surface of the transparent conductive layer (20). Alternatively, the encapsulation component (40) includes an organic layer (42) and a second inorganic layer (43) that are repeatedly stacked on the first inorganic layer (41) and both the first inorganic layer (41) and the second inorganic layer (43) are in contact with the upper surface of the transparent conductive layer (20). It also includes a packaging cover (50).
2. The encapsulation structure of the perovskite solar cell module according to claim 1, characterized in that, The encapsulation cover (50) is a box structure with an open bottom. The encapsulation component (40) is nested in the cavity of the encapsulation cover (50) box structure, and the bottom opening of the encapsulation cover (50) box structure is connected to the transparent conductive layer (20).
3. The encapsulation structure of the perovskite solar cell module according to claim 1, characterized in that, The first inorganic layer (41) and the second inorganic layer (43) are both composed of oxide films or nitride films; the organic layer (42) is made of acrylic resin, epoxy acrylic resin or epoxy resin.
4. The encapsulation structure of the perovskite solar cell module according to claim 1, characterized in that, The thickness of the first inorganic layer (41) and the second inorganic layer (43) is 5 nm to 10 μm; the thickness of the organic layer (42) is 10 nm to 100 μm.
5. The encapsulation structure of the perovskite solar cell module according to claim 1, characterized in that, The first inorganic layer (41) includes a horizontally arranged first inorganic layer top (41-1), a vertically arranged first inorganic layer side (41-2) connected to the periphery of the first inorganic layer top (41-1), and a first inorganic layer bottom (41-3) connected to the bottom end of each first inorganic layer side (41-2) and extending outward horizontally. The lower surface of the top (41-1) of the first inorganic layer is in close contact with the upper surface of the perovskite solar module (30), the inner walls of the four sides (41-2) of the first inorganic layer are in close contact with the front, back, left and right outer walls of the perovskite solar module (30), and the lower surfaces of the four bottom (41-3) of the first inorganic layer are in close contact with the upper surface of the transparent conductive layer (20).
6. The encapsulation structure of the perovskite solar cell module according to claim 5, characterized in that, The organic layer (42) includes a horizontally arranged top organic layer (42-1), a vertically arranged side organic layer (42-2) connected to the top organic layer (42-1) around the periphery, and an organic layer bottom (42-3) connected to the bottom end of each side organic layer (42-2) and extending outward horizontally. The lower surface of the top of the organic layer (42-1) is in close contact with the upper surface of the top of the first inorganic layer (41-1). The inner walls of the four sides of the organic layer (42-2) are in close contact with the front, back, left, and right outer walls of the side of the first inorganic layer (41-2). The lower surfaces of the four bottoms of the organic layer (42-3) are in close contact with the upper surface of the bottom of the first inorganic layer (41-3), and the outward extension length of the bottom of the organic layer (42-3) is less than the outward extension length of the bottom of the first inorganic layer (41-3).
7. The encapsulation structure of the perovskite solar cell module according to claim 6, characterized in that, The second inorganic layer (43) includes a horizontally arranged second inorganic layer top (43-1), a vertically arranged second inorganic layer side (43-2) connected to the periphery of the second inorganic layer top (43-1), and a second inorganic layer bottom (43-3) connected to the bottom end of each second inorganic layer side (43-2) and extending outward horizontally; The lower surface of the top of the second inorganic layer (43-1) is in close contact with the upper surface of the top of the organic layer (42-1), the inner walls of the four sides of the second inorganic layer (43-2) are in close contact with the front, back, left and right outer walls of the side of the organic layer (42-2), and the four bottoms of the second inorganic layer (43-3) respectively wrap around the bottom of the first inorganic layer (41-3) and the bottom of the organic layer (42-3) and are in close contact with the upper surface of the transparent conductive layer (20).
8. The encapsulation structure of the perovskite solar cell module according to any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that, The perovskite solar module (30) includes an electron transport layer (31), a perovskite light-absorbing layer (32), and a hole transport layer (33) stacked together in sequence. The electron transport layer (31) is connected to the transparent conductive layer (20), or the hole transport layer (33) is connected to the transparent conductive layer (20).
9. The encapsulation structure of the perovskite solar cell module according to claim 8, characterized in that, A first conductive part (21) and a second conductive part (22) are respectively provided on the surface of the transparent conductive layer (20) and on opposite sides of the encapsulation cover plate (50), and a gap is left between the first conductive part (21) and the second conductive part (22) and the encapsulation cover plate (50).
10. The encapsulation structure of the perovskite solar cell module according to claim 9, characterized in that, The transparent conductive layer (20) also includes an L-shaped metal electrode structure (23), which is composed of a horizontally arranged first metal electrode (23-1) and a vertically arranged second metal electrode (23-2) connected to the end of the first metal electrode (23-1). The transparent conductive layer (20) is mainly composed of two separate parts. The first metal electrode (23-1) is disposed on the upper surface of the perovskite solar module (30) and in contact with the lower surface of the encapsulation component (40). The second metal electrode (23-2) is disposed close to any side of the perovskite solar module (30), and the end of the second metal electrode (23-2) is in contact with the upper surface of one of the transparent conductive layers (20) of the two separate parts.