Intelligent seeding machine for legume crops

Abstract

The utility model provides a legume crop intelligent sower, including frame, seed screening mechanism, furrowing mechanism, earthing mechanism, drive system and control system, seed screening mechanism includes a plurality of seed screening turntable for different legume seeding, seed screening turntable is detachably connected with seed screening disc rotating shaft, seed screening turntable is equipped with a plurality of seed screening holes, and the seed screening turntable is equipped with a plurality of seed screening holes. Seed screening holes of the seed screening turntable for sowing different beans are different in shape, hole size, spacing and / or hole density, a baffle for closing / opening the seed screening holes is arranged on the seed screening turntable, the bottoms of the seed screening holes are communicated with a seed screening pipe, and a seed screening driving device is connected with a rotating shaft of the seed screening turntable and drives the seed screening turntable to rotate so as to realize seed screening; the control system is electrically connected with the seed screening system, the ditching system, the soil covering system and the driving system and controls the operation states of the systems. The intelligent seeding machine for legume crops adopts various seed screening turntables, can meet the seeding requirements of different legumes, has multiple purposes, and is small and flexible in structure and simple to use.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of seeding machinery technology, and in particular to an intelligent seeder for legume crops. Background Technology

[0002] A bean planter is an agricultural machine used for planting legumes. Its main function is to efficiently sow bean seeds in the field while ensuring that the sowing depth, spacing, and orientation meet specifications. Currently, large agricultural machinery is widely used in the vast farmlands of northern China. However, in the large mountainous and hilly areas of southern China, existing large agricultural machinery suffers from problems such as difficulty in transportation and inflexibility, making it unsuitable for use in irregular mountainous terrain. In the mountainous and hilly areas of southern China, planting is mostly done manually, which is time-consuming, labor-intensive, and results in low soil utilization.

[0003] Currently, the research and development of small agricultural machinery products specifically designed for the characteristics of hilly and mountainous areas in southern China is relatively weak, resulting in shortcomings such as "no available machines" or "no good machines available" in certain areas or stages. Existing seeders have significant limitations in their sowing types. Since farmers need to sow different types of crops throughout the year, most seeders can only be used for "one type per machine," lacking versatility. Different types of crops require different seeders, increasing the economic burden on farmers and wasting resources. Secondly, there is a lack of human-machine interaction, making operation cumbersome and difficult to learn. Given the severe rural population loss and the predominantly elderly workforce, the lack of human-machine interaction and cumbersome operating procedures of existing products greatly limit their promotion. Furthermore, low sowing precision leads to inconsistent seed density and sowing depth, resulting in low soil utilization and low agricultural yield.

[0004] CN202410996874.0 discloses a bean planting and fertilizing integrated machine, including a vehicle body, multiple furrowing plows, a spacing adjustment mechanism, a lifting mechanism, multiple planting mechanisms, multiple fertilizing mechanisms, and a synchronization mechanism. This bean planting and fertilizing integrated machine, through the coordinated design of the spacing adjustment mechanism, lifting mechanism, planting mechanism, fertilizing mechanism, and synchronization mechanism, can adjust the spacing and height of the furrowing plows according to actual needs, thereby achieving bean planting operations at different depths and spacings. However, the structure and operation of its planting mechanism are complex, making it unfriendly to elderly people in rural areas, resulting in a low equipment utilization rate. Utility Model Content

[0005] The technical problem to be solved by this utility model is to overcome the shortcomings of the existing technology and provide a small, flexible intelligent planter for legumes that is suitable for use in hilly areas and can achieve automatic sowing, voice control, and multiple uses.

[0006] The technical solution adopted by this utility model to solve its technical problem is:

[0007] A smart seeder for legume crops, comprising:

[0008] Frame,

[0009] The seed screening mechanism includes multiple seed screening turntables for different types of beans, baffles, seed inlet funnels, a base, a seeding funnel, a seed screening tube, and a seed screening drive device. The seed inlet funnel is located on the top of the frame, above the seed screening turntables. The seed screening turntables are detachably connected to the seed screening disc rotation shaft. The seed screening turntables have several seed screening holes. The shape, size, spacing, and / or density of the seed screening holes are different for different types of beans. The seed screening turntables have baffles that close / open the seed screening holes. The bottom of the seed screening holes is connected to the seeding funnel located inside the base. The discharge end of the seeding funnel is connected to the seed screening tube. The seed screening drive device is connected to the seed screening disc rotation shaft and drives the seed screening turntable to rotate to achieve seed screening.

[0010] The trenching mechanism includes a trenching main drive device, a trenching drill bit, and a slider slide rail mechanism. The trenching main drive device is mounted on the upper top plate of the vehicle frame. The trenching main drive device is connected to the slider slide rail mechanism. The slider slide rail mechanism is connected to the trenching drill bit and drives the trenching drill bit to rise and fall, so as to adjust the trench depth.

[0011] A soil covering mechanism is provided behind the trenching mechanism and covers the trenches dug by the trenching mechanism with soil.

[0012] A row spacing adjustment mechanism is connected to the ditching mechanism, the seed delivery pipe, and the soil covering mechanism, and is used to adjust the spacing between adjacent ditching mechanisms, seed delivery pipes, and soil covering mechanisms.

[0013] The drive system is used to drive the overall movement of the vehicle frame;

[0014] The control system is electrically connected to the seed screening system, the ditching system, the soil covering system, and the drive system, and controls their operating status, so that the seed screening system, the ditching system, and the soil covering system can switch between each other according to the sowing and operation requirements of different beans.

[0015] The seed sieving discs include, but are not limited to, various seed sieving discs suitable for sowing broad beans, black beans, mung beans, soybeans, red kidney beans, and peas. The distance between the lower end of the baffle and the upper end of the seed sieving disc is less than the depth of the seed sieving holes. Preferably, the baffle is made of elastic material.

[0016] In one exemplary embodiment, the row spacing adjustment mechanism includes a dual-output shaft drive device, a left-hand lead screw, a right-hand lead screw, and a connecting device. The output shaft of the dual-output shaft drive device is connected to the symmetrically arranged left-hand and right-hand lead screws via a coupling. The other end of each of the left-hand and right-hand lead screws is provided with a connecting device. The connecting device is connected to the trenching mechanism, the seed delivery pipe, and the soil covering mechanism. The dual-output shaft drive device is mounted in the middle of the lower top plate of the vehicle frame via a fixing frame.

[0017] The connecting device includes a connecting rod and a supporting crossbeam. The connecting rod has multiple transverse through holes spaced along its length for the supporting crossbeam to pass through. The connecting rod also has a first longitudinal through hole for the trenching mechanism to pass through, a second longitudinal through hole for the seed delivery pipe to pass through, an upper connecting plate connected to a left-hand or right-hand screw, and a lower connecting plate connected to the soil covering mechanism. The two ends of the supporting crossbeam are fixedly connected to the frame, and its upper end face is provided with a transverse slide rail for the connecting rod to slide. The end of the frame is hinged to the handlebar, and the upper end of the handlebar is provided with a handlebar crossbar.

[0018] In one exemplary embodiment, the slider slide rail mechanism includes a lifting screw, a lifting guide rail, and a lifting slider. The lifting screw is connected to the trenching main drive device via a coupling. Lifting guide rails are provided on both sides of the lifting screw, and limit bearings are provided at both ends of the lifting guide rails, with a lower top plate at the bottom end. A lifting slider is provided on the lifting screw, and a lifting frame is provided on the lifting slider. The lifting frame is connected to the trenching drill bit and drives the trenching drill bit to move up and down.

[0019] The lifting frame includes symmetrically arranged horizontal bars, vertical bars, a trenching auxiliary drive device, and a chuck connecting rod. One end of the horizontal bar is connected to the lifting slider, and the other end is provided with a lifting auxiliary slider, which is slidably connected to an auxiliary slide rail mounted on the frame. The top of the horizontal bar is provided with a transverse auxiliary slide rail, and the horizontal bar is slidably connected to the vertical bar. The bottom end of the vertical bar is connected to the trenching auxiliary drive device, which is connected to the trenching drill bit through the chuck connecting rod.

[0020] In one exemplary embodiment, the soil covering mechanism includes a soil covering wheel assembly, a soil covering connector, and a soil covering plate. The soil covering wheel assembly includes a pair of soil covering wheels installed on each soil covering connector. The soil covering connector is connected to the lower connecting plate of the connecting device. The soil covering wheels are located directly behind the trenching drill bit. A soil covering plate is provided on the soil covering connector located behind the soil covering wheels.

[0021] The two covering wheels in each covering wheel set are installed at a certain angle, and the covering wheels are tilted from the center of the trenching drill bit to both sides to achieve the effect of "larger in front and smaller in back", so as to gather the soil on both sides to the middle and achieve covering on the left and right sides; at the same time, there are rectangular protrusions on the covering wheels. After the soil comes into contact, the soil can drive the covering wheel to rotate through the relationship between action and reaction forces, thereby reducing soil resistance.

[0022] The drive system includes a drive wheel motor bracket, a main drive unit, a drive wheel, a drive sprocket, and a driven sprocket. The drive wheel motor bracket is located at the front end of the vehicle frame. The drive shaft of the main drive unit is connected to the drive sprocket. The drive sprocket is connected to the driven sprocket via a chain. The driven sprocket drives the drive shaft and the drive wheel to rotate.

[0023] Preferably, the control system adopts a voice recognition control system, which can be a commercially available mature ASR-PRO voice recognition control system, or the main control device in an intelligent agricultural seeder disclosed in CN201910550235.0.

[0024] The beneficial effects of this utility model intelligent seeder for legume crops are:

[0025] This intelligent bean planter uses a variety of seed screening discs and matching baffles suitable for different bean types, thus simplifying the auxiliary seed screening mechanism designed for existing planters to adapt to different bean types. Combined with a voice recognition control system, it achieves better human-machine interaction, improves the ease of operation of the planter, and allows the planter to automatically switch to the corresponding planting mode simply by the operator saying the name of the crop to be planted.

[0026] The intelligent seeder for legume crops adopts a modular design, and its seed screening mechanism and main structure can be quickly and easily replaced, which improves the application range and service life of the product and conforms to the energy-saving development concept of today's society. Secondly, its various drive devices use pure electric motors, which are energy-saving and environmentally friendly.

[0027] The intelligent bean planter can adapt to the different requirements of different beans for planting plant spacing, row spacing, and depth through the coordination of the seed screening mechanism, row spacing adjustment mechanism, furrowing mechanism and control system, so as to meet the planting conditions of different beans and achieve multiple uses in one machine. Attached Figure Description

[0028] Figure 1 This is a three-dimensional schematic diagram of an intelligent bean planter according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0029] Figure 2 This is a front view of the intelligent bean crop seeder according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0030] Figure 3 for Figure 2 Schematic diagram of section AA in the diagram;

[0031] Figure 4 for Figure 2 Schematic diagram of the BB section in the diagram;

[0032] Figure 5 for Figure 2 Schematic diagram of the CC section in the diagram;

[0033] Figure 6 A schematic diagram of the structure of a seed sieve turntable used for sowing different types of beans; where a: broad bean, b: mung bean, c: soybean, d: black bean;

[0034] Figure 7 This is a three-dimensional schematic diagram showing the connection relationship between the row spacing adjustment mechanism, the ditching mechanism, and the soil covering mechanism in the intelligent bean crop seeder of this utility model embodiment;

[0035] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram illustrating the combined motion principle of the furrowing mechanism, seed screening mechanism, and soil covering mechanism in the intelligent bean crop seeder of this utility model embodiment.

[0036] Among them: 100, seed screening mechanism; 200, ditching mechanism; 300, row spacing adjustment mechanism; 400, soil covering mechanism; 500, drive system; 1, ditching main drive device bracket; 2, corner bracket; 3, frame; 4, drive wheel motor bracket; 5, drive sprocket; 6, chain; 7, drive wheel; 8, driven sprocket; 9, motor sleeve; 10, motor drill chuck; 11, ditching drill bit; 12, seed delivery pipe; 13, connecting device; 1301, connecting rod; 13011, lower connecting plate; 13012, transverse through hole; 13013, first longitudinal through hole; 13014, second longitudinal through hole; 1302, support beam; 14, soil covering wheel set; 15, soil covering plate; 16, soil covering wheel connector; 17, handlebar; 18, linear bearing; 19, handlebar crossbar; 20, fixing frame; 21, double output shaft drive device. 22. Left-hand lead screw; 23. Right-hand lead screw; 24. Upper connecting plate; 25. Nut; 26. Fastening bolt; 27. Seed sieve drive device; 28. Seed sieve turntable; 2801. Seed sieve orifice; 29. ​​Seed inlet funnel; 30. Seed sieve disc rotating shaft; 31. Baffle; 32. Seeding funnel; 33. Base plate; 34. Clamp; 35. Lower top plate; 36. Lifting auxiliary slider; 37. Auxiliary slide rail; 38. 39. Limit bearing; 40. Coupling; 41. Main drive unit for trenching; 42. Top plate; 43. Lifting screw; 44. Lifting guide rail; 45. Lifting slider; 46. Horizontal bar; 47. Vertical bar; 48. Auxiliary drive unit for trenching; 49. Chuck connecting rod; 50. Bushing; 51. Drive shaft; 52. Deep groove ball bearing; 53. Retaining ring; 54. Main drive unit; 55. Bearing end cover; 56. Snap ring. Detailed Implementation

[0037] The technical solutions of the present utility model will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings of the embodiments. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present utility model, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present utility model, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative effort are within the protection scope of the present utility model.

[0038] See Figures 1-7 A smart planter for legumes, comprising:

[0039] Frame,

[0040] The seed screening mechanism includes multiple seed screening turntables for different types of beans, baffles, seed inlet funnels, a chassis, a seeding funnel, a seed screening tube, and a seed screening drive device. The seed inlet funnel is located on the top of the chassis, above the seed screening turntables. The seed screening turntables are detachably connected to the seed screening disc rotation shaft. The seed screening turntables have several seed screening holes. The shape, size, spacing, and / or density of the seed screening holes are different for different types of beans. The seed screening turntables have baffles that close / open the seed screening holes. The baffles are detachably fixed to the top plate of the chassis by fastening bolts and nuts. The bottom of the seed screening holes is connected to the seeding funnel located inside the chassis. The discharge end of the seeding funnel is connected to the seed screening tube. The seed screening tube is fastened to the discharge end of the seeding funnel by clamps. The seed screening drive device is connected to the seed screening disc rotation shaft through a linear bearing and drives the seed screening turntable to rotate to achieve seed screening.

[0041] The trenching mechanism includes a trenching main drive device, a trenching drill bit, and a slider rail mechanism. The trenching main drive device is mounted on the upper top plate of the vehicle frame via a trenching main drive device bracket. The trenching main drive device is connected to the slider rail mechanism, which is connected to the trenching drill bit and drives the trenching drill bit to rise and fall to adjust the trench depth.

[0042] A soil covering mechanism is provided behind the trenching mechanism and covers the trenches dug by the trenching mechanism with soil.

[0043] A row spacing adjustment mechanism is connected to the ditching mechanism, the seed delivery pipe, and the soil covering mechanism, and is used to adjust the spacing between adjacent ditching mechanisms, seed delivery pipes, and soil covering mechanisms.

[0044] The drive system is used to drive the overall movement of the vehicle frame;

[0045] The control system is electrically connected to the seed screening system, the ditching system, the soil covering system, and the drive system, and controls their operating status, so that the seed screening system, the ditching system, and the soil covering system can switch between each other according to the sowing and operation requirements of different beans.

[0046] See Figure 6 The seed screening discs include, but are not limited to, various seed screening discs suitable for sowing broad beans, black beans, mung beans, soybeans, red kidney beans, and peas. The distance between the lower end face of the baffle and the upper end of the seed screening disc is less than the depth of the sieve holes. Preferably, the baffle is made of an elastic material. Preferably, the baffle is made of an elastic material to avoid special situations and ensure the stable operation of the seed screening system.

[0047] For example, the size, depth, density of the sieving holes in the broad bean seed sieve turntable, as well as the distance between the lower end of the baffle and the upper end of the turntable, were determined through experimental data analysis. Table 1 shows the dimensions of 100 groups of screened, plump, and suitable broad bean seeds for sowing. Analysis of the data in the table shows that the average length of the 100 seeds is 20.7 mm. Considering that approximately 20% of the broad bean seeds exceeded 21 mm, the hole length was set at 22 mm. The average width of the seeds is 13.8 mm. Considering that approximately 35% of the broad bean seeds exceeded 14 mm, the hole width was set at 15 mm. The average thickness at the thickest point of the seeds is 7.3 mm. Considering that the measurement data shows a large fluctuation in the thickness at the thickest point, the hole depth was set at 6.5 mm, and the distance between the lower end of the baffle and the turntable was 6.3 mm. The hole size determined through this method has been proven through multiple experiments to ensure that each hole contains 1-2 broad beans (depending on the size of the broad beans): if two large seeds are stacked, the one on top will be blocked by the baffle and fall into the next hole; if one large and one small seed or two small seeds are stacked, they will fall into the seed delivery tube together. The suitable number of seeds per hole for broad beans is 2-3, with a hole density of two holes per row.

[0048] Table 1 shows the measured dimensions of some broad beans (unit: mm).

[0049]

[0050] like Figure 1 and Figure 3 As shown, the row spacing adjustment mechanism includes a dual-output shaft drive device, a left-hand lead screw, a right-hand lead screw, and a connecting device. The output shaft of the dual-output shaft drive device is connected to the symmetrically arranged left-hand lead screw and right-hand lead screw via a coupling. The other end of the left-hand lead screw and right-hand lead screw is provided with a connecting device. The connecting device is connected to the trenching mechanism, the seed delivery pipe, and the soil covering mechanism. The dual-output shaft drive device is installed in the middle of the lower top plate of the vehicle frame via a fixing frame.

[0051] The connecting device includes a connecting rod and a supporting crossbeam. The connecting rod has multiple transverse through holes spaced along its length for the supporting crossbeam to pass through. The connecting rod also has a first longitudinal through hole for the longitudinal rod of the trenching mechanism to pass through, a second longitudinal through hole for the seed delivery pipe, an upper connecting plate connected to a left-hand or right-hand screw, and a lower connecting plate connected to the soil covering mechanism. The two ends of the supporting crossbeam are fixedly connected to the frame, and its upper end face has a transverse slide rail for the connecting rod to slide. The upper connecting plate has a threaded connection hole adapted to the left-hand or right-hand screw. The end of the frame is hinged to the handlebar, and the upper end of the handlebar has a handlebar crossbar.

[0052] See Figure 4 The slider-rail mechanism includes a lifting screw, a lifting guide rail, and a lifting slider. The lifting screw is connected to the trenching main drive device via a coupling. Lifting guide rails are provided on both sides of the lifting screw, and limit bearings are provided at both ends of the lifting guide rails, with a lower top plate at the bottom. A lifting slider is provided on the lifting screw, and a lifting frame is provided on the lifting slider. The lifting frame is connected to the trenching drill bit via a motor drill chuck and drives the trenching drill bit to move up and down. The lifting screw is an M10 screw.

[0053] The lifting frame includes symmetrically arranged horizontal bars, vertical bars, a trenching auxiliary drive device, and a chuck connecting rod. One end of the horizontal bar is connected to the lifting slider, and the other end is provided with a lifting auxiliary slider, which is slidably connected to an auxiliary slide rail mounted on the frame. The top of the horizontal bar is provided with a transverse auxiliary slide rail, and the horizontal bar is slidably connected to the vertical bar. The bottom end of the vertical bar is connected to the trenching auxiliary drive device, which is connected to the trenching drill bit through the chuck connecting rod. A motor sleeve is provided outside the trenching auxiliary drive device.

[0054] See Figure 1 and Figure 2 The soil covering mechanism includes a soil covering wheel set, a soil covering connector, and a soil covering plate. The soil covering wheel set includes a pair of soil covering wheels installed on each soil covering connector. The soil covering connector is connected to the lower connecting plate of the connecting device. The soil covering wheel is located directly behind the trenching drill bit. A soil covering plate is provided on the soil covering connector located behind the soil covering wheel.

[0055] Each covering wheel assembly has two covering wheels installed at a certain angle, with the wheels tilted outwards from the center of the trenching drill bit to achieve a "larger front, smaller back" effect. This helps to gather the soil from both sides towards the center, achieving soil covering on the left and right sides. Simultaneously, rectangular protrusions on the covering wheels allow them to rotate due to the action-reaction relationship when in contact with the soil, reducing soil resistance. The covering plate located behind the covering wheels primarily handles the top covering. Driven by the forward movement of the seeder, the covering plate compacts and smooths the gathered soil.

[0056] See Figure 1 and Figure 5 The drive system includes a drive wheel motor bracket, a main drive unit, a drive wheel, a drive sprocket, and a driven sprocket. The drive wheel motor bracket is located at the front end of the vehicle frame. The output shaft of the main drive unit is connected to the drive sprocket. The drive sprocket is connected to the driven sprocket via a chain. The driven sprocket is mounted on the drive shaft and drives the drive shaft and drive wheel to rotate. Both ends of the drive shaft are connected to the vehicle frame via deep groove ball bearings. The deep groove ball bearings are equipped with bearing end caps. A retaining ring is provided at the connection between the deep groove ball bearing and the vehicle frame. A bushing is mounted on the drive shaft, and a retaining ring is provided on the drive shaft on the side of the drive wheel closest to the vehicle frame.

[0057] The dual-output shaft drive device uses a 42 dual-output shaft stepper motor, the trenching main drive device uses a 57 stepper motor, the trenching auxiliary drive device uses a 57ZDT41C stepper motor, and the overall drive device uses an AC optical encoder servo motor.

[0058] The control system adopts a voice recognition control system, which can be a commercially available mature ASR-PRO voice recognition control system. It should be noted that the control system can also adopt the main control device in an intelligent agricultural seeder disclosed in CN201910550235.0.

[0059] The working principle and usage of this intelligent legume crop seeder:

[0060] The sieving of different types of bean seeds is mainly controlled by selecting different sieving discs and baffles. For example... Figure 1 and Figure 6 Choose the appropriate seed sieve disc based on the type of legume to be sown. Different seed sieve discs vary in the shape, size / spacing, and density of the sieve holes. The shape of the holes is designed according to the shape of the seeds, and the size / spacing of the holes depends on the specific size of the seeds and the number of seeds suitable for sowing per hole.

[0061] First, after selecting the appropriate seed sieve turntable for sowing beans, the user connects it to the rotating shaft of the seed sieve disc in the seed sieve mechanism through the D-shaped hole, adjusts it to the initial position (i.e., the seed sieve holes on both sides are directly opposite the seed delivery pipe below), then installs the corresponding baffle on the seed sieve turntable and tightens the knob to fix it.

[0062] Then, the user turns on the main power and issues a voice command such as "broad beans". The seeder's control system automatically searches and retrieves the required row spacing and depth for sowing broad beans from the database, and transmits the instructions to the row spacing adjustment mechanism, the furrowing mechanism, and the soil covering mechanism. It prioritizes adjusting the row spacing and transmits the furrowing depth and plant spacing data to the furrowing mechanism and the seed screening mechanism.

[0063] The specific operation of adjusting the sowing row spacing is as follows: The control system controls the double-output shaft drive device of the row spacing adjustment mechanism to work. The rotation of the double-output shaft drive device (such as a double-headed stepper motor of model 42MM14A34) drives the rotation of the left-hand lead screw and the right-hand lead screw. Since the double-output shaft drive device and the left-hand lead screw and the right-hand lead screw are all fixed on the frame and cannot move freely, the flanges on the left-hand lead screw and the right-hand lead screw will drive the connecting device connected to them to open and close laterally together, and always maintain symmetry during the movement. When the connecting device moves laterally to the predetermined position (that is, the distance between the two connecting devices on the frame reaches the sowing row spacing), the double-output shaft drive device stops operating, thereby making the distance between the longitudinally arranged furrowing mechanism, sowing tube and soil covering mechanism on the connecting device meet the requirements of the sowing row spacing.

[0064] After the row spacing is adjusted, the control system then controls the furrowing mechanism to adjust the sowing depth. The specific operation of the furrowing mechanism to adjust the sowing depth is as follows: The main furrowing drive (drive motor of model 57ZDT64C) receives a sowing signal, such as "broad bean," selected from the database by the control system. The main drive then begins to rotate forward. The output shaft of the main drive is transmitted to the lifting screw via a coupling. Since the screw is fixed to the frame, the lifting slider, under the action of the lifting screw, drives the lifting frame connected to it, which is equipped with a furrowing drill bit, to move downwards. Simultaneously, the auxiliary furrowing drive (follower drive motor of model 57ZDT41C) also begins to work, rotating the furrowing drill bit to break the soil and open the furrow. When the downward movement reaches the selected bean sowing setting (broad bean sowing depth), the auxiliary furrowing drive stops, and the main drive reverses, retracting the furrowing drill bit upwards until it returns to its initial state and stops.

[0065] The specific adjustable range is determined by the sowing conditions required for the legume crop being sown, and is achieved by setting the size of the seeder. See Table 2 for details of the sowing conditions required for different legume crops.

[0066] Table 2 Sowing conditions for different legume seeds

[0067]

[0068] As shown in the table above, the sowing depth of the intelligent bean crop seeder of this utility model is 0-90mm, and the row spacing is 280-560mm. Specifically, the selection of each component of the equipment is as follows: the lifting screw is 150mm, the left-hand screw and the right-hand screw are 150mm left-hand and 150mm right-hand respectively, and the lead of the lifting screw, the left-hand screw and the right-hand screw is 2mm.

[0069] Once the sowing depth is adjusted to the set value, the user can begin sowing. When the user issues the voice command "Forward," the seeder lowers the furrowing drill bit and drills a sowing hole. After completion, the furrowing drill bit is retracted, and the drive system controls the main drive unit to operate, driving the entire frame forward until the seed delivery tube is aligned with the sowing hole. At this point, the main drive unit stops rotating. The seed screening mechanism then starts working, and the seed screening turntable rotates, screening out seeds from two holes (the seeder is symmetrically arranged, sowing two rows at a time). The seeds fall into the sowing hole through the seed delivery tube. After the seeds fall in, the main drive unit restarts, driving the seeder forward until it reaches the next furrowed sowing hole and stops. This process is repeated to complete sowing.

[0070] After sowing is complete, the user gives the voice command "Stop" to stop the seeder from running, and then gives the voice command "Reset" to return the seeder to its initial state and retract the connecting device.

[0071] When it is necessary to switch the type of beans to be planted, first select the corresponding seed screening turntable according to the type of beans to be planted, then remove the baffle and seed screening turntable from the original seed screening mechanism from the seed screening disc rotation shaft, then install the required seed screening turntable and baffle, and then switch to the seeding of another type of beans by switching the name of the beans to be planted and adjusting the row spacing and seeding depth through the control system.

[0072] Finally, it should be noted that the above description is only a preferred embodiment of this utility model and is used only to illustrate the technical solution of this utility model, and is not intended to limit the protection scope of this utility model. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of this utility model are included within the protection scope of this utility model.

Claims

1. A smart seeder for legume crops, characterized in that, include: Frame (3) The seed screening mechanism includes multiple seed screening turntables (28) for different types of beans, baffles (31), a seed inlet funnel (29), a chassis (33), a seeding funnel (32), a seed screening tube, and a seed screening drive device (27). The seed inlet funnel (29) is located on the top of the frame (3), above the seed screening turntables (28). The seed screening turntables (28) are detachably connected to the seed screening disc rotation shaft (30). The seed screening turntables (28) are provided with several seed screening holes (2801) for different types of beans. The seed turntable (28) has different shapes, sizes, spacing and / or densities of its seed screening holes (2801). The seed screening turntable (28) is provided with baffles (31) that close / open the seed screening holes (2801). The bottom of the seed screening holes (2801) is connected to the sowing funnel (32) set inside the base plate (33). The discharge end of the sowing funnel (32) is connected to the seed screening tube. The seed screening drive device (27) is connected to the rotating shaft (30) of the seed screening disc and drives the seed screening turntable (28) to rotate to achieve seed screening. The trenching mechanism includes a trenching main drive device (40), a trenching drill bit (11), and a slider slide rail mechanism. The trenching main drive device (40) is installed on the upper top plate (41) of the frame (3). The trenching main drive device (40) is connected to the slider slide rail mechanism. The slider slide rail mechanism is connected to the trenching drill bit (11) and drives the trenching drill bit (11) to rise and fall to adjust the trench depth. A soil covering mechanism is provided behind the trenching mechanism and covers the trenches dug by the trenching mechanism with soil. The row spacing adjustment mechanism is connected to the ditching mechanism, the seed delivery pipe (12), and the soil covering mechanism, and is used to adjust the spacing between adjacent ditching mechanisms, seed delivery pipes (12), and soil covering mechanisms. The drive system is used to drive the overall movement of the chassis (3); The control system is electrically connected to the seed screening system, the ditching system, the soil covering system, and the drive system, and controls their operating status, so that the seed screening system, the ditching system, and the soil covering system can switch between each other according to the sowing and operation requirements of different beans.

2. The intelligent planter for legumes as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The seed sieve turntable (28) includes a variety of seed sieve turntables (28) suitable for sowing broad beans, black beans, mung beans, soybeans, red kidney beans and peas. The distance between the lower end of the baffle (31) and the upper end of the seed sieve turntable (28) is less than the depth of the seed sieve holes.

3. The intelligent planter for legumes as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The baffle (31) is made of elastic material.

4. The intelligent seeder for legumes as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The row spacing adjustment mechanism includes a dual-output shaft drive device (21), a left-hand screw (22), a right-hand screw (23), and a connecting device (13). The output shaft of the dual-output shaft drive device (21) is connected to the symmetrically arranged left-hand screw (22) and right-hand screw (23) through a coupling (39). The other end of the left-hand screw (22) and right-hand screw (23) is provided with a connecting device (13). The connecting device (13) is connected to the ditching mechanism, the seed delivery pipe (12), and the soil covering mechanism. The dual-output shaft drive device (21) is installed in the middle of the lower top plate (35) of the frame (3) through a fixing frame (20).

5. The intelligent planter for legumes as described in claim 4, characterized in that, The connecting device (13) includes a connecting rod and a supporting crossbeam (1302). The connecting rod is provided with a plurality of transverse through holes (13012) for the supporting crossbeam (1302) to pass through along its length. The connecting rod is provided with a first longitudinal through hole (13013) for the trenching mechanism to pass through, a second longitudinal through hole (13014) for the seed delivery pipe (12), an upper connecting plate (24) connected to a left-hand screw (22) or a right-hand screw (23), and a lower connecting plate (13011) connected to the soil covering mechanism. The two ends of the supporting crossbeam (1302) are fixedly connected to the frame (3). The upper end of the supporting crossbeam is provided with a transverse slide rail for the connecting rod to slide. The end of the frame (3) is hinged to the handlebar (17). The upper end of the handlebar (17) is provided with a handlebar crossbar (19).

6. The intelligent planter for legumes as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The slider and slide rail mechanism includes a lifting screw (42), a lifting guide rail (43), and a lifting slider (44). The lifting screw (42) is connected to the trenching main drive device (40) through a coupling (39). The lifting screw (42) is provided with lifting guide rails (43) on both sides. The lifting guide rails (43) are provided with limit bearings (38) at both ends and a lower top plate (35) at the bottom. The lifting screw (42) is provided with a lifting slider (44), and the lifting slider (44) is provided with a lifting frame. The lifting frame is connected to the trenching drill bit (11) and drives the trenching drill bit (11) to move up and down.

7. The intelligent seeder for legumes as described in claim 6, characterized in that, The lifting frame includes a symmetrically arranged crossbar (45), a longitudinal bar (46), a trenching auxiliary drive device (47), and a chuck connecting rod (48). One end of the crossbar (45) is connected to the lifting slider (44), and the other end is provided with a lifting auxiliary slider (36). The lifting auxiliary slider (36) is slidably connected to the auxiliary slide rail (37) installed on the frame (3). The top of the crossbar (45) is provided with a transverse auxiliary slide rail (37). The crossbar (45) is slidably connected to the longitudinal bar (46). The bottom end of the longitudinal bar (46) is connected to the trenching auxiliary drive device (47). The trenching auxiliary drive device (47) is connected to the trenching drill bit (11) through the chuck connecting rod (48).

8. The intelligent seeder for legumes as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The soil covering mechanism includes a soil covering wheel assembly (14), a soil covering connector, and a soil covering plate (15). The soil covering wheel assembly (14) includes a pair of soil covering wheels installed on each soil covering connector. The soil covering connector is connected to the lower connecting plate (13011) of the connecting device (13). The soil covering wheel is located directly behind the trenching drill bit (11). The soil covering plate (15) is provided on the soil covering connector located behind the soil covering wheel.

9. The intelligent seeder for legumes as described in claim 8, characterized in that, Each set of sleeping wheels (14) is installed at a certain angle between the two sleeping wheels, and the sleeping wheels are inclined from the center of the trenching drill bit (11) to both sides, and the sleeping wheels are provided with rectangular protrusions.

10. The intelligent seeder for legumes as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The drive system includes a drive wheel motor bracket (4), a main drive unit (53), a drive wheel (7), a drive sprocket (5), and a driven sprocket (8). The drive wheel motor bracket (4) is located at the front end of the vehicle frame (3). The drive shaft (50) of the main drive unit (53) is connected to the drive sprocket (5). The drive sprocket (5) is connected to the driven sprocket (8) via a chain (6). The driven sprocket (8) drives the drive shaft (50) and the drive wheel (7) to rotate. The control system adopts a voice recognition control system.

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