Anti-pulling test device for soft foundation photovoltaic cable-stayed anchor rod

Abstract

The utility model provides an anti-pulling test device for a soft foundation photovoltaic cable-stayed anchor rod, which comprises a detection module, a roadbed box combination body and a detection frame supported on the roadbed box combination body, and an anchor rod passage is formed between two adjacent roadbed boxes in the roadbed box combination body. The clamping piece of the detection frame abuts against the side, facing the first direction, of the roadbed box. An anchor rod passing channel is arranged on the detection frame, and an anchor rod to be detected extends upwards in an inclined mode in the first direction, sequentially penetrates through the anchor rod passing channel and the anchor rod passing channel and then is clamped in the hollow hydraulic jack. The detection module comprises a pressure gauge used for detecting the pressure of the hollow hydraulic jack and a deformation detection part used for detecting the deformation degree of the anchor rod. The roadbed box assembly serves as a supporting body of the detection frame and has the advantages of being large in contact area and good in stability, deformation of a foundation during testing is reduced through high strength of the roadbed box, and the problems that a soft foundation is insufficient in counter force, large in deformation, uneven in deformation, unstable and the like are solved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to a pull-out test device for inclined anchor rods used in photovoltaic systems on soft foundations. Background Technology

[0002] To increase the area of ​​solar energy utilization, photovoltaic facilities have begun to be built in areas with soft foundations such as fish ponds and tidal flats to expand the area of ​​photovoltaic land use. To adapt to the soft foundations, flexible supports are generally used, and inclined anchor rods are used to improve the anti-collapse performance of the flexible supports. The use of flexible supports not only solves the problems of poor environmental adaptability and high development costs of traditional photovoltaic supports, but also realizes the comprehensive utilization of site space. It is suitable for various photovoltaic application sites with requirements for array span and installation height, such as fishery photovoltaic applications, sewage treatment plants, mountain applications, agricultural photovoltaic applications, and forestry photovoltaic applications.

[0003] To ensure the pull-out resistance of inclined anchor bolts, it is necessary to test their pull-out resistance. Currently, pull-out resistance is generally evaluated using the load-pull-out curve from pull-out tests. The current testing equipment for the pull-out bearing capacity of inclined anchor bolts is mainly an in-situ testing system, which primarily includes a reaction structure, a crossbeam, a high-pressure oil pump, and jacks.

[0004] In areas such as fishponds and tidal flats, where the soil foundations are often deep and soft with low strength and large deformation, the reaction structure of the inclined anchor bolts needs to provide both vertical and horizontal bearing capacity. However, due to the weak and thick foundation, the reaction force is often insufficient. During testing, the reaction structure undergoes large and uneven deformation, and the weak foundation can cause the reaction structure to sink, resulting in unstable test data. Therefore, further research is needed to successfully test the pull-out resistance of photovoltaic flexible support systems in soft soil foundation areas such as fishponds and tidal flats. Utility Model Content

[0005] To address the issue of insufficient reaction force during the testing of inclined tie rods in areas such as fishponds and tidal flats due to low foundation strength and large deformation, resulting in large and uneven deformation of the reaction structure and unstable test data, this application proposes a pull-out testing device for inclined tie rods used in photovoltaic systems on weak foundations. The device includes a testing module, a roadbed box assembly, and a testing frame. The testing frame is supported on the upper side of the roadbed box assembly, which comprises at least two roadbed boxes connected together, forming an anchor passage between two adjacent roadbed boxes. A clamping component is fixedly installed on the lower side of the testing frame, pressing against the side of the roadbed box facing a first direction. The testing frame has a testing surface perpendicular to the anchor rod to be tested, on which a hollow hydraulic jack is arranged.

[0006] An anchor rod passageway is provided on the testing frame. The anchor rod to be tested can pass through the anchor rod passageway and the anchor rod passageway in sequence and then be clamped in the hollow hydraulic jack. The anchor rod to be tested extends upward at an angle along the first direction.

[0007] The detection module includes a pressure gauge and a deformation detection unit. The pressure gauge is used to detect the pressure of the hollow hydraulic jack, and the deformation detection unit is used to detect the deformation of the anchor rod. The deformation detection unit includes an instrument bracket inserted into the foundation, a dial indicator mounted on the instrument bracket, and a reference plate fixed to the anchor rod to be tested. The reference plate is located between the hollow hydraulic jack and the dial indicator, and the side of the reference plate facing the dial indicator forms a reference surface. The pointer of the dial indicator is in contact with the reference surface of the reference plate.

[0008] In this application, for ease of description, the inclined anchor rod is sometimes simply referred to as an anchor rod. In this application, the roadbed box assembly and the testing platform are assembled together in a stacked manner, and there is no non-detachable connection between the two.

[0009] This application utilizes a roadbed box assembly as the support for the testing frame, offering advantages such as a large contact area and good stability. Furthermore, the high strength of the roadbed box reduces foundation deformation during testing, solving problems such as insufficient reaction force, large deformation, uneven deformation, and instability in soft foundations. In this application, there are no non-removable connecting structures between the testing module, the roadbed box assembly, and the testing frame, facilitating installation and dismantling, and simplifying construction. The testing module, roadbed box assembly, and testing frame can be quickly transferred and reused, and their simple installation and convenient operation improve testing efficiency.

[0010] The pull-out testing device in this application uses a hollow hydraulic jack to pull out the anchor rod under test, thereby applying a pull-out load to the anchor rod foundation. The pull-out load is transferred to the foundation sequentially through the testing frame and the roadbed box assembly. During the test, the testing module monitors the pull-out force and pull-out displacement in real time, obtaining a load-pull-out curve, thus effectively determining the pull-out bearing capacity of the anchor rod foundation.

[0011] Since the inspection frame is installed on the roadbed box assembly by clamping, even if the anchor bolts deviate due to construction errors, the error can be eliminated by moving the inspection frame. When the tilt angle of the anchor bolts is incorrect, the error can be eliminated by setting shims between the roadbed box assembly and the clamping frame or by setting shims between the hollow hydraulic jack and the inspection surface.

[0012] Specifically, the testing frame includes two spaced-apart tripods. Each tripod includes a horizontal beam extending along a first axis, a load-bearing beam welded to the horizontal beam, and a support beam. The ends of the load-bearing beam and the support beam furthest from the horizontal beam are welded together. The two tripods are connected by a horizontal plate. The upward-facing surface of each load-bearing beam serves as a support surface perpendicular to the anchor bolt to be tested. The support surfaces of the two load-bearing beams are coplanar, and together they form the testing surface. An anchor bolt passage is formed between the two tripods. A clamping element is welded to the lower side of the horizontal beam. This design allows the testing frame to be easily erected on the roadbed box assembly. The clamping element transmits the horizontal force generated during testing. The testing frame is simply placed movably on the roadbed box assembly, which speeds up installation and disassembly, thereby improving testing speed and efficiency.

[0013] Furthermore, to reduce detection errors, the reference plane is perpendicular to the extension direction of the anchor rod to be tested.

[0014] Furthermore, to improve testing efficiency, the testing frame has no connecting parts with the roadbed box assembly, or the testing frame is detachably installed on the roadbed box assembly. In actual construction, when the testing frame is detachably installed on the roadbed box assembly, pins or screws can be freely inserted through the testing frame and the roadbed box, allowing the testing frame to be detachably installed on the roadbed box assembly. When it is necessary to remove the testing frame from the roadbed box assembly, simply lift the testing frame upwards to complete the disassembly. Of course, if the screw is inserted from bottom to top, a nut needs to be tightened on the screw to prevent it from falling off. In this case, when it is necessary to remove the testing frame, the nut must first be unscrewed from the screw.

[0015] Whether the testing frame is connected to the roadbed box assembly without any connecting parts or in a detachable manner, it can be quickly detached from the assembly and transported to the next testing point. When testing the inclined anchor bolts, the anchor bolts are subjected to force in the inclined direction, causing the roadbed box assembly to experience not only downward pressure but also shear force on the clamping components. If the testing frame can be stably held on the roadbed box assembly solely by the clamping components and the friction between the testing frame and the assembly, then there is no need for detachable connecting parts such as bolts or pins; that is, there are no connecting parts between the testing frame and the assembly. When the testing frame is detachably installed on the roadbed box assembly, the shear resistance of bolts and pins is used to compensate for the insufficient shear strength of the clamping components.

[0016] Furthermore, to avoid instability in test data due to overall or partial foundation settlement during testing, support piles are installed in the foundation, with the roadbed boxes supported on these piles. Because the stress points of the roadbed box assembly cannot be evenly distributed across all roadbed boxes during actual testing, foundation deformation and localized settlement can cause overall or partial settlement of the roadbed boxes. This leads to a decrease in the tension of the tie rods during testing, resulting in lower test data and affecting the accuracy of the test. Using support piles to improve the stability of the roadbed box assembly on the foundation effectively enhances its stability during testing, reduces or even eliminates settlement, and improves the accuracy of the test data.

[0017] Specifically, to reduce testing costs, the support pile is a wooden pile, which is pulled out and recycled after the testing is completed.

[0018] Furthermore, to facilitate inspection, 1-4 inspection racks are installed on the same roadbed box assembly. The specific number of inspection racks can be determined according to specific needs and inspection convenience.

[0019] The steps for testing the pull-out bearing capacity of the inclined anchor rod using the above-mentioned pull-out testing device are as follows:

[0020] (1) Arrange the roadbed box assembly in the area of ​​the anchor rod to be tested that has been completed, so that the anchor rod to be tested passes upward through the anchor rod passage;

[0021] (2) Place the testing frame on the roadbed box assembly and press the clamping parts against the side of the roadbed box facing the first direction; let the anchor rod to be tested pass through the anchor rod passage and the anchor rod travel channel upward in sequence, then connect the hydraulic cylinder to the anchor rod to be tested and support it on the testing surface, so that the stretching direction of the hydraulic cylinder extends along the axial direction of the anchor rod to be tested; at the same time, install the testing module;

[0022] (3) Start the hydraulic cylinder to test the pull-out bearing capacity of the anchor rod to be tested. Use the testing module to measure the tension of the hydraulic cylinder and the upward displacement of the anchor cable to be tested, and obtain the load-uplift curve. Based on the load-uplift curve, obtain the upward bearing capacity of the anchor rod to be tested.

[0023] (4) Dismantle the hydraulic cylinder, the testing frame and the roadbed box assembly in sequence and move to the next testing position. Attached Figure Description

[0024] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of one embodiment of this application.

[0025] Figure 2 This is a top view of the roadbed box assembly.

[0026] Figure 3yes Figure 2 The view from the center AA direction shows that the inspection frame and support piles have been removed.

[0027] Figure 4 This is a 3D view of the testing frame.

[0028] Figure 5 It is the second structural form of the roadbed box assembly.

[0029] Figure 6 It is the third structural form of the roadbed box assembly. Detailed Implementation

[0030] The following describes the pull-out test apparatus for inclined tie rods used in photovoltaic systems on soft foundations. In the following description, "anchor rod" refers to an inclined tie rod. Please refer to [link / reference needed]. Figures 1-4 In the attached figure, the direction of the first arrow X indicates the direction of the first axis, the direction of the second arrow Y indicates the direction of the second axis, the directions of the first axis and the second axis both extend horizontally and are perpendicular to each other; the direction of the third arrow X1 indicates the first direction, which extends along the direction of the first axis.

[0031] The pull-out resistance testing device for inclined anchor bolts used in photovoltaic systems on soft foundations includes a testing module, a roadbed box assembly 20, and a testing frame 10, with the testing frame 10 supported on the roadbed box assembly 20. In this embodiment, the roadbed box assembly includes two roadbed boxes, which are referred to as the first roadbed box 201 and the second roadbed box 202 for ease of description. The two roadbed boxes have the same structure.

[0032] Each roadbed box includes a frame 210 made of steel sections and steel plates 24 laid on the upper and lower sides of the frame 210. Figure 2 To show clearly, some steel plates 24 have been removed to expose the frame. Each frame 210 includes a rectangular outer frame 21, and crossbeams 22 and longitudinal beams 23 welded within the outer frame, wherein the crossbeams 22 extend along a first axis and the longitudinal beams 23 extend along a second axis. The outer frame is made of channel steel with the channel openings facing inward, and both the crossbeams and longitudinal beams are made of H-beams and welded together.

[0033] To ensure the stable connection of the two roadbed boxes in the same roadbed box assembly 20 and to prevent changes in their positions during the inspection process that could affect the accuracy of the inspection, a connector 31 made of H-steel is installed on the side of the roadbed box. The connectors of the two roadbed boxes abut together, and bolts pass through the flanges of the connectors to connect the two connectors together, thereby connecting the two roadbed boxes together to form a roadbed box assembly.

[0034] To improve the stability of the roadbed box assembly 20 on the foundation, in this embodiment, wooden piles 60 are installed in the foundation as support piles, and the roadbed box is supported on the wooden piles. The wooden piles are used to prevent the roadbed box from tilting due to the foundation being too soft. After the inspection is completed, the wooden piles are pulled out and retrieved. The roadbed box is placed directly on top of the wooden piles, and no connecting parts are needed between the roadbed box and the wooden piles. Friction is used to hold the roadbed box on the wooden piles. It can be understood that in another embodiment, when friction alone is insufficient to stably hold the roadbed box on the wooden piles, bolts can be used to connect the roadbed box to the wooden piles, or a stop block can be welded to the lower side of the roadbed box, with the stop block located on the side of the roadbed box facing the first direction, thereby improving the stability of the roadbed box on the wooden piles.

[0035] In the same roadbed box assembly 20, two roadbed boxes are spaced apart along the first axis, and the gap between the two roadbed boxes forms an anchor passage 25. Figure 2 In the diagram, the position of the inspection frame 10 on the roadbed box assembly 20 is indicated by a dashed line.

[0036] In this embodiment, only one inspection frame 10 is installed on a roadbed box assembly 20. Please refer to [link / reference]. Figure 4 Each testing frame 10 includes two spaced-apart tripods 110. Each tripod 110 includes a horizontal beam 11 arranged along a first axis, a load-bearing beam 12 welded to the horizontal beam, and a support beam 13. The ends of the load-bearing beam and the support beam away from the horizontal beam are welded together. The two tripods 110 are connected together by a cross plate 131. The upward-facing surface of each load-bearing beam 12 becomes a support surface 121 perpendicular to the anchor rod 50 to be tested. The support surfaces 121 of the two load-bearing beams are coplanar and together form a testing surface, on which a hollow hydraulic jack 45 is supported. An anchor rod passageway 15 is formed between the two tripods. Two clamping members 14 extending downward in a vertical direction are welded to the lower side of each horizontal beam. Each clamping member corresponds to a roadbed box and presses against the side of the roadbed box facing the first direction.

[0037] Two tripods of the same testing frame are spaced apart along the second axis, so that the anchor rod passage 15 extends along the first axis. In this embodiment, the anchor rod to be tested extends upward at an angle along the first direction, so that the anchor rod to be tested can pass smoothly through the anchor rod passage 15. The anchor rod to be tested 50 can pass through the anchor rod passage and the anchor rod passage in sequence and then be clamped in the hollow hydraulic jack and subjected to tensile testing.

[0038] To improve the stability of the testing frame on the roadbed box assembly, in this embodiment, an upper pin hole 111 is provided on the horizontal beam 11 of the testing frame, and a lower pin hole is provided on the roadbed box. The lower pin hole is not shown in the accompanying drawings. The pin 112 can freely pass through the upper and lower pin holes sequentially from top to bottom. It is understood that in another embodiment, the screw can also be freely passed through both the upper and lower pin holes simultaneously. Since the testing frame is subjected to pressure along the inclined direction during the testing process, and the roadbed box assembly is subjected to pressure in the vertical direction and thrust in the horizontal direction, but not tension, no pin or screw is needed to provide tension; only shear force is required. Therefore, when the screw passes through the upper and lower pin holes sequentially from top to bottom, it is not necessary to tighten a nut on the screw. However, when the screw passes through the lower and upper pin holes sequentially from bottom to top, a nut still needs to be tightened at the upper end of the screw to prevent it from falling off. That is, there are no connecting parts between the inspection frame and the roadbed box assembly, or the inspection frame is detachably installed on the roadbed box assembly.

[0039] The detection module includes a pressure gauge 47 for detecting the hollow hydraulic jack and a deformation detection unit for detecting the deformation of the anchor bolt. In this embodiment, the pressure gauge 47 is installed on the hydraulic pipe 46 of the hollow hydraulic jack. The deformation detection unit includes an instrument bracket 41 inserted into the foundation, a dial indicator 43 installed on the instrument bracket, and a reference plate 44 fixed to the anchor bolt 50 to be tested. The reference plate 44 is located between the hollow hydraulic jack 45 and the dial indicator 43. The side of the reference plate 44 facing the dial indicator forms a reference surface, and the pointer of the dial indicator contacts the reference surface of the reference plate. The reference surface is perpendicular to the extension direction of the anchor bolt to be tested. In this embodiment, the instrument bracket includes a vertical pole 411 inserted into the foundation and a diagonal bar 412 fixed to the vertical pole 411 with fasteners. It can be understood that in another embodiment, the instrument bracket may also be a bent steel pipe or the vertical pole and the diagonal bar may be welded together.

[0040] In this embodiment, the roadbed box assembly includes only two roadbed boxes. It can be understood that in other embodiments, more roadbed boxes can be used to form a roadbed box assembly to adapt to foundations with different hardness. Figure 5 and Figure 6 The second and third embodiments of the roadbed box assembly are shown respectively.

[0041] exist Figure 5In the second embodiment shown, the roadbed box assembly includes four roadbed boxes arranged along the first axis. The four roadbed boxes are a first roadbed box 201, a second roadbed box 202, a third roadbed box 203, and a fourth roadbed box 204. The four roadbed boxes are arranged in the order of third roadbed box 203, first roadbed box 201, second roadbed box 202, and fourth roadbed box 204. Adjacent roadbed boxes are connected together by connectors, and an anchor passage is formed between the first roadbed box 201 and the second roadbed box 202. The testing frame is supported on the first roadbed box 201 and the second roadbed box 202.

[0042] exist Figure 6 In the third embodiment shown, the roadbed box assembly includes two rows of roadbed boxes spaced apart along the first axis. One row of roadbed boxes includes a first roadbed box 201 and a third roadbed box 203, and the other row includes a second roadbed box 202 and a fourth roadbed box 204. The first roadbed box 201 and the third roadbed box 203 are connected together by connectors to form a first assembly; the second roadbed box 202 and the fourth roadbed box 204 are connected together by connectors to form a second assembly. An anchor passage is formed between the first assembly and the second assembly. In this embodiment, two detection frames 10 are arranged on the same roadbed box assembly.

[0043] In this embodiment, only one testing frame is installed on each roadbed box assembly. It can be understood that, depending on different construction requirements, two, three or four testing frames can be installed on the same roadbed box assembly.

[0044] The following describes the testing method for testing inclined anchor bolts used in photovoltaic systems in silty areas using the aforementioned pull-out testing device. The testing method specifically includes the following steps:

[0045] (1) Drive the wooden pile 60 into the area of ​​the anchor 50 to be tested that has been constructed, so that the wooden pile is set in the foundation, and then place the roadbed box assembly 20 on top of the wooden pile 60, so that the anchor 50 to be tested passes through the anchor passage 25 upward.

[0046] (2) Place the test frame 0 on the roadbed box assembly 20 and press the clamping part 14 against the side of the roadbed box facing the first direction; let the anchor rod to be tested pass through the anchor rod passage and the anchor rod passage channel upward in sequence, then connect the hollow hydraulic jack to the anchor rod to be tested and support it on the test surface, so that the stretching direction of the hollow hydraulic jack extends along the axial direction of the anchor rod to be tested; at the same time, install the test module;

[0047] (3) Start the hollow hydraulic jack to test the pull-out bearing capacity of the anchor rod to be tested. Use the test module to measure the tension of the hollow hydraulic jack and the pull-out displacement of the anchor cable to be tested, and obtain the load-pull-out curve. Based on the load-pull-out curve, obtain the pull-out bearing capacity of the anchor rod to be tested.

[0048] (4) Dismantle the hollow hydraulic jack, the testing frame and the roadbed box assembly in sequence, move to the next testing position, and pull out the wooden pile for recycling.

Claims

1. A pull-out testing device for inclined tie rods used in photovoltaic systems on weak foundations, characterized in that, The system includes a detection module, a roadbed box assembly, and a detection frame. The detection frame is supported on the upper side of the roadbed box assembly, which includes at least two roadbed boxes connected together. An anchor passage is formed between two adjacent roadbed boxes in the roadbed box assembly. A clamping component is fixedly installed on the lower side of the detection frame, and the clamping component presses against the side of the roadbed box facing the first direction. The detection frame has a detection surface perpendicular to the anchor bolt to be detected, and a hollow hydraulic jack is arranged on the detection surface. An anchor rod passageway is provided on the testing frame. The anchor rod to be tested can pass through the anchor rod passageway and the anchor rod passageway in sequence and then be clamped in the hollow hydraulic jack. The anchor rod to be tested extends upward at an angle along the first direction. The detection module includes a pressure gauge and a deformation detection unit. The pressure gauge is used to detect the pressure of the hollow hydraulic jack, and the deformation detection unit is used to detect the deformation of the anchor rod. The deformation detection unit includes an instrument bracket inserted into the foundation, a dial indicator mounted on the instrument bracket, and a reference plate fixed to the anchor rod to be tested. The reference plate is located between the hollow hydraulic jack and the dial indicator, and the side of the reference plate facing the dial indicator forms a reference surface. The pointer of the dial indicator is in contact with the reference surface of the reference plate.

2. The pull-out testing device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The testing frame includes two spaced-apart tripods. Each tripod includes a horizontal beam extending along a first axis, a load-bearing beam welded to the horizontal beam, and a support beam. The ends of the load-bearing beam and the support beam away from the horizontal beam are welded together. The two tripods are connected by a horizontal plate. The upward-facing surface of each load-bearing beam becomes a support surface perpendicular to the anchor rod to be tested. The support surfaces of the two load-bearing beams are coplanar and together form the testing surface. An anchor rod passage is formed between the two tripods. The retaining element is welded to the underside of the horizontal beam.

3. The pull-out testing device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The reference plane is perpendicular to the extension direction of the anchor rod to be tested.

4. The pull-out testing device according to claim 1, characterized in that, There are no connecting parts between the inspection frame and the roadbed box assembly, or the inspection frame is detachably installed on the roadbed box assembly.

5. The pull-out testing device according to claim 1, characterized in that, Support piles are installed in the foundation, and the roadbed box is supported on the support piles.

6. The pull-out testing device according to claim 5, characterized in that, The support pile was made of wood, and after the inspection was completed, the wood pile was pulled out and recycled.

7. The pull-out testing device according to claim 1, characterized in that, One to four inspection frames are installed on the same roadbed box assembly.

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