Single battery and battery pack

Abstract

The utility model relates to the technical field of battery structure design, and discloses a single battery and a battery pack, the single battery comprises a plurality of battery cells, the battery cells are stacked in a staggered manner, so that the three-dimensional structure of the single battery is in a central symmetry type, and the three-dimensional structure of the single battery is in a shape of stacking a plurality of cuboids in a staggered manner. The battery pack comprises a plurality of single batteries in any one of the first aspect, the single batteries are integrated in the battery pack, each single battery is clamped and matched with the adjacent single batteries in the same row in the preset fixing direction, and the preset fixing direction of each row of single batteries is opposite to the preset fixing direction of the adjacent row of single batteries; and the cold plate is positioned in the box body of the battery pack, surrounds each single battery and separates the adjacent single batteries. According to the utility model, the battery cells are stacked in a staggered manner and are convenient to weld, and the cold plate surrounding each single battery is arranged in the battery pack, so that the risk of thermal runaway caused by temperature accumulation can be avoided.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of battery structure design technology, specifically to single-cell batteries and battery packs. Background Technology

[0002] Lithium-ion batteries, solid-state electrolyte batteries, sodium-ion batteries and other secondary batteries are widely used in the 3C, power and energy storage fields. In the field of energy storage and power batteries, the thermal management of battery systems is subject to higher requirements due to factors such as the number of integrated single cells, the harshness of power consumption scenarios and charge and discharge rates.

[0003] In related technologies, traditional square lithium battery cell stacking results in a large stacked area, strong heat accumulation between cells, and difficulty in heat dissipation. This easily leads to performance degradation and safety failure due to heat accumulation, ultimately causing battery damage. Meanwhile, in existing battery pack designs, cold plates are mostly concentrated at the bottom of the pack. Due to the influence of the cell temperature gradient distribution and the small effective heat dissipation area, this cooling method has limited effectiveness in controlling the overall temperature of the battery pack, resulting in significant internal temperature differences. Utility Model Content

[0004] In view of this, the present invention provides a single battery cell and a battery pack to solve the problem of poor heat dissipation caused by unreasonable design of existing battery packs.

[0005] In a first aspect, this utility model provides a single-cell battery, which includes:

[0006] Several battery cells are stacked in a staggered manner to make the three-dimensional structure of a single battery cell centrally symmetrical, and the three-dimensional structure of a single battery cell is in the form of several cuboids stacked in a staggered manner.

[0007] In this invention, the cells are stacked in a staggered manner to form symmetrical single cells. When assembling them into a battery pack, they can be flexibly arranged by rotation, so that the positive and negative terminals of adjacent single cells are close together, which reduces the difficulty of arranging single cells in the battery pack and facilitates welding.

[0008] In one optional implementation, after the cells are stacked vertically, one of the cells is offset to the left by a preset distance, or one of the cells is offset to the right by a preset distance, so that the three-dimensional structure of the single battery cell presents a central symmetry.

[0009] In this method, the stacked cells inside a single battery are arranged in a staggered manner, which can increase the contact area between the cells and the electrolyte, improve the battery's wettability, and enhance its cycle performance. At the same time, by arranging the cells in a staggered manner, the stacked surface area of ​​the cells can be reduced, the heat accumulation effect between the cells can be reduced, the heat dissipation efficiency can be increased, and the battery's safety performance can be improved.

[0010] In one optional embodiment, the single cell includes: an adapter piece, the shape of which is determined based on the staggered stacking of the cells and the position of the terminals, for connecting the tabs disposed in the cells and the terminals disposed in the casing of the single cell. The terminals include a first terminal and a second terminal with opposite polarities, the first terminal being disposed at the upper left end of the single cell and the second terminal being disposed at the lower right end of the single cell.

[0011] In this method, by using an adapter plate, the tabs in each core are connected to the terminals, resulting in positive and negative terminals with opposite polarities.

[0012] In a second aspect, the present invention provides a battery pack, comprising: a plurality of individual batteries as described in any of the first aspects, the individual batteries being integrated inside the battery pack, each individual battery being fitted with adjacent individual batteries in the same row along a preset fixed direction, the preset fixed direction of each row of individual batteries being opposite to the preset fixed direction of the adjacent row of individual batteries.

[0013] The cold plate is located inside the battery pack housing, surrounding each individual cell and separating adjacent cells.

[0014] In this invention, adjacent individual cells can be flipped up and down or left and right to bring their positive and negative terminals together for easy welding. By integrating these individual cells to form a battery pack, battery integration becomes more flexible and simple. At the same time, a cold plate surrounding each individual cell is provided inside the battery pack, which can fully utilize the heat dissipation performance of the cold plate for each individual cell. This can improve the problem of poor consistency of individual cells caused by large temperature differences within the battery pack, thereby avoiding the risk of thermal runaway caused by temperature accumulation and improving the overall service life and safety performance of the battery pack and battery system.

[0015] In one optional embodiment, the three-dimensional structure of the single cell is centrally symmetrical, and the single cell is provided with a centrally symmetrical positive terminal and a negative terminal. The positive terminal of the single cell is connected to the negative terminal of the adjacent single cell in the same row or column, and the negative terminal of the single cell is connected to the positive terminal of the adjacent single cell in the same row or column.

[0016] In this method, the polarity of the terminal of a single cell is opposite to that of the adjacent terminal of the adjacent single cell, and the welding distance is the shortest, which greatly shortens the welding distance and reduces the difficulty of welding.

[0017] In one optional implementation, the positive terminal of a single cell that is not connected to the negative terminal of an adjacent single cell serves as the overall positive terminal of the battery pack, and the negative terminal of a single cell that is not connected to the positive terminal of an adjacent single cell serves as the overall negative terminal of the battery pack.

[0018] In this method, the positive terminal on a single cell that is not connected to other adjacent negative terminals is taken as the total positive terminal, and the negative terminal on a single cell that is not connected to other adjacent positive terminals is taken as the total negative terminal. This further shortens the welding distance, and after assembly, the total positive and total negative terminals of the battery pack are obtained, which further reduces the difficulty of welding.

[0019] In one alternative embodiment, the cold plate includes an integrally formed side plate, an internal partition, and a bottom plate, in which liquid cooling pipes are formed.

[0020] In this approach, the cold plate serves as both an internal heat dissipation channel and an external support frame for the battery pack. Individual cells are integrated into the pack using bottom thermally conductive structural adhesive. The external cold plate is thicker than the internal separators to provide stable support. By arranging the cold plates between the individual cells, coolant such as condensate flows through them to dissipate heat from the battery pack. Cooling channels are arranged throughout the battery pack except on the sides of the terminals. The increased surface area of ​​the symmetrical cells results in a larger overall cooling area compared to traditional cells, effectively improving cooling performance, reducing the risk of thermal runaway, and enhancing safety and reliability. The symmetrical arrangement of the cold plates within the individual cells effectively increases the contact area between the cold plates and the individual cells, providing better temperature control, preventing thermal runaway, and improving the lifespan and safety performance of the battery pack and system. Furthermore, integrating the cold plates with the outer casing reduces the number of structural components, lowering component and manufacturing costs, and increasing the energy density of the battery system. By integrating the cold plate with the outer casing and utilizing the small space reserved for the battery layout to arrange other components, the internal space of the battery pack can be utilized to the maximum extent, reducing the cost of structural components and processing costs while improving the energy density of the battery system.

[0021] In one optional embodiment, a water inlet is provided on the first side of the cold plate, and a water outlet is provided on the second side of the cold plate. Coolant is injected through the water inlet. The liquid cooling pipes located in the side plate, the internal partition and the bottom plate are connected. The coolant is injected through the water inlet so that the coolant flows through each surface of each individual battery cell and then converges and is discharged through the water outlet.

[0022] In this method, the coolant flows through the inlet to each side of the individual battery cells and then flows out through the outlet, achieving multi-sided cooling. Multi-sided cooling increases the cooling area and efficiency within the battery pack, which can improve the problem of poor uniformity of individual batteries caused by large temperature differences within the battery pack. Correspondingly, it can avoid the risk of thermal runaway caused by temperature accumulation and improve the overall service life and safety performance of the battery pack and battery system.

[0023] In one alternative embodiment, the water inlet is located at a distance of 50%-90% of the height of the battery pack from the bottom plate.

[0024] In this method, by setting the height of the water inlet pipe to 50%-90% of the overall height of the battery pack, a certain amount of space can be reserved at the top of the battery pack for arranging electrical wiring and fire-fighting devices inside the pack, which can reduce the cost of structural components and processing costs to a certain extent and improve the energy density of the battery system. Attached Figure Description

[0025] To more clearly illustrate the specific embodiments of this utility model or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the specific embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are some embodiments of this utility model. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained from these drawings without creative effort.

[0026] Figure 1a This is a schematic diagram of the welding method inside a battery according to an embodiment of the present utility model.

[0027] Figure 1b This is a schematic diagram of the welding method inside a battery according to another embodiment of the present invention.

[0028] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the appearance of a single battery cell according to an embodiment of the present utility model.

[0029] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram showing the welding details of the electrode tabs according to an embodiment of the present utility model.

[0030] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the internal arrangement of the battery pack according to an embodiment of the present utility model.

[0031] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the cold plate structure according to an embodiment of the present utility model. Detailed Implementation

[0032] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the embodiments of this utility model clearer, the technical solutions of the embodiments of this utility model will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of this utility model, not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of this utility model, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the protection scope of this utility model.

[0033] In related technologies, traditional square lithium battery cell stacking results in a large stacked area, which enhances the heat accumulation effect between cells, making heat dissipation difficult. This can easily lead to battery performance degradation and safety failure due to heat accumulation, ultimately causing battery damage. Meanwhile, in existing battery pack designs, the cooling plates are mostly concentrated at the bottom of the battery. Due to the influence of the cell temperature gradient distribution and the small effective heat dissipation area, this cooling method has limited effectiveness in controlling the overall temperature of the battery pack, resulting in significant temperature differences within the pack.

[0034] To address the aforementioned issues, this invention provides a single-cell battery and a battery pack, suitable for applications involving thermal management of secondary batteries such as lithium-ion batteries, solid-state electrolyte batteries, and sodium-ion batteries. The single-cell battery provided by this invention features staggered stacking of individual cells, forming a symmetrical battery pack. This allows for flexible arrangement by rotation during battery pack assembly, ensuring that the positive and negative terminals of adjacent cells are close together. This reduces the difficulty of arranging individual cells within the battery pack and facilitates welding.

[0035] According to an embodiment of the present invention, a single-cell battery embodiment is provided. Figure 1a This is a schematic diagram of an internal welding method of a battery according to an embodiment of the present utility model. Figure 1b This is a schematic diagram of another welding method inside a battery according to an embodiment of the present invention. Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the appearance of a single battery cell according to an embodiment of the present utility model, as shown below. Figure 1a , Figure 1b and Figure 2 As shown, the single battery cell includes: a plurality of cells 10, which are stacked in a staggered manner to make the three-dimensional structure of the single battery cell centrally symmetrical, and the three-dimensional structure of the single battery cell is in the form of a plurality of cuboids stacked in a staggered manner.

[0036] In one optional implementation, after the cells 10 are stacked vertically, one of the cells 10 is offset to the left by a preset distance, or one of the cells 10 is offset to the right by a preset distance, so that the three-dimensional structure of the single battery presents a central symmetry.

[0037] In this method, the stacked cells inside a single battery are arranged in a staggered manner, which can increase the contact area between the cells and the electrolyte, improve the battery's wettability, and enhance its cycle performance. At the same time, by arranging the cells in a staggered manner, the stacked surface area of ​​the cells can be reduced, the heat accumulation effect between the cells can be reduced, the heat dissipation efficiency can be increased, and the battery's safety performance can be improved.

[0038] In one optional embodiment, the single battery cell includes: an adapter piece 30, the shape of which is determined based on the staggered stacking of the cells 10 and the position of the terminals 20, for connecting the tabs 40 disposed in the cells 10 and the terminals 20 disposed in the casing of the single battery cell, the terminals 20 including a first terminal and a second terminal with opposite polarities, the first terminal being disposed at the upper left end of the single battery cell and the second terminal being disposed at the lower right end of the single battery cell.

[0039] In this method, by using an adapter plate, the tabs in each core are connected to the terminals, resulting in positive and negative terminals with opposite polarities.

[0040] In one implementation scenario, Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram showing the welding details of the electrode tabs according to an embodiment of the present invention, as shown below. Figure 1a , Figure 1b , Figure 2 and Figure 3 As shown, at least two cells 10 are arranged inside the symmetrical casing of a single battery cell, and the electrodes are connected by an integrated adapter 30. The form of the adapter 30 includes, but is not limited to, those shown. Figure 1a and Figure 1b The two types shown are: the positive tab is welded to one end of the positive adapter plate, and the electrode is led out through the cover plate as the positive electrode post of the single cell; the negative tab is welded to one end of the negative adapter plate, and the electrode is led out through the cover plate as the negative electrode post of the single cell. Detailed diagrams are shown below. Figure 3 Symmetrical individual cells can be flexibly arranged by rotation, reducing the difficulty of arranging individual cells within the battery pack. Furthermore, the vertically staggered arrangement of the stacked cells within the battery pack increases the contact area between the cells 10 and the electrolyte, improving battery wetting performance and long-cycle performance. The staggered arrangement also reduces the stacking surface of the cells 10, decreasing the heat accumulation effect between cells, increasing heat dissipation efficiency, and ultimately enhancing battery safety performance.

[0041] The individual battery cells provided in this embodiment are stacked in a staggered manner to form a symmetrical battery cell. When assembling the battery pack, the individual cells can be flexibly arranged by rotation, so that the positive and negative terminals of adjacent individual cells are close together, which reduces the difficulty of arranging individual cells in the battery pack and facilitates welding.

[0042] This embodiment provides a battery pack that can be used with the aforementioned single battery cell. Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the internal arrangement of the battery pack according to an embodiment of the present invention. Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the cold plate structure according to an embodiment of the present utility model, as shown below. Figure 4 and Figure 5As shown, the battery pack includes: a plurality of individual cells as described in the above embodiment, the individual cells being integrated inside the battery pack, each individual cell being fitted with adjacent individual cells in the same row along a preset fixed direction, the preset fixed direction of each row of individual cells being opposite to the preset fixed direction of the adjacent rows of individual cells; and a cold plate, the cold plate being located inside the housing of the battery pack, surrounding each individual cell and separating adjacent individual cells.

[0043] In one optional embodiment, the three-dimensional structure of the single cell is centrally symmetrical, and the single cell is provided with a centrally symmetrical positive terminal and a negative terminal. The positive terminal of the single cell is connected to the negative terminal of the adjacent single cell in the same row or column, and the negative terminal of the single cell is connected to the positive terminal of the adjacent single cell in the same row or column.

[0044] In this method, the polarity of the terminal of a single cell is opposite to that of the adjacent terminal of the adjacent single cell, and the welding distance is the shortest, which greatly shortens the welding distance and reduces the difficulty of welding.

[0045] In one optional implementation, the positive terminal of a single cell that is not connected to the negative terminal of an adjacent single cell serves as the overall positive terminal of the battery pack, and the negative terminal of a single cell that is not connected to the positive terminal of an adjacent single cell serves as the overall negative terminal of the battery pack.

[0046] In this method, the positive terminal on a single cell that is not connected to other adjacent negative terminals is taken as the total positive terminal, and the negative terminal on a single cell that is not connected to other adjacent positive terminals is taken as the total negative terminal. This further shortens the welding distance, and after assembly, the total positive and total negative terminals of the battery pack are obtained, which further reduces the difficulty of welding.

[0047] In one alternative embodiment, the cold plate includes an integrally formed side plate, an internal partition, and a bottom plate, in which liquid cooling pipes are formed.

[0048] In this approach, the cold plate serves as both an internal heat dissipation channel and an external support frame for the battery pack. Individual cells are integrated into the pack using bottom thermally conductive structural adhesive. The external cold plate is thicker than the internal separators to provide stable support. By arranging the cold plates between the individual cells, coolant such as condensate flows through them to dissipate heat from the battery pack. Cooling channels are arranged throughout the battery pack except on the sides of the terminals. The increased surface area of ​​the symmetrical cells results in a larger overall cooling area compared to traditional cells, effectively improving cooling performance, reducing the risk of thermal runaway, and enhancing safety and reliability. The symmetrical arrangement of the cold plates within the individual cells effectively increases the contact area between the cold plates and the individual cells, providing better temperature control, preventing thermal runaway, and improving the lifespan and safety performance of the battery pack and system. Furthermore, integrating the cold plates with the outer casing reduces the number of structural components, lowering component and manufacturing costs, and increasing the energy density of the battery system. By integrating the cold plate with the outer casing and utilizing the small space reserved for the battery layout to arrange other components, the internal space of the battery pack can be utilized to the maximum extent, reducing the cost of structural components and processing costs while improving the energy density of the battery system.

[0049] In one optional embodiment, a water inlet is provided on the first side of the cold plate, and a water outlet is provided on the second side of the cold plate. Coolant is injected through the water inlet. The liquid cooling pipes located in the side plate, the internal partition and the bottom plate are connected. The coolant is injected through the water inlet so that the coolant flows through each surface of each individual battery cell and then converges and is discharged through the water outlet.

[0050] In this method, the coolant flows through the inlet to each side of the individual battery cells and then flows out through the outlet, achieving multi-sided cooling. Multi-sided cooling increases the cooling area and efficiency within the battery pack, which can improve the problem of poor uniformity of individual batteries caused by large temperature differences within the battery pack. Correspondingly, it can avoid the risk of thermal runaway caused by temperature accumulation and improve the overall service life and safety performance of the battery pack and battery system.

[0051] In one alternative embodiment, the water inlet is located at a distance of 50%-90% of the height of the battery pack from the bottom plate.

[0052] In this method, by setting the height of the water inlet pipe to 50%-90% of the overall height of the battery pack, a certain amount of space can be reserved at the top of the battery pack for arranging electrical wiring and fire-fighting devices inside the pack, which can reduce the cost of structural components and processing costs to a certain extent and improve the energy density of the battery system.

[0053] In an implementation scenario, such as Figure 4As shown, the battery pack uses a symmetrical battery design. The cold plate serves both as an internal heat dissipation channel and as an external support frame. Individual cells are integrated into the battery pack using bottom thermally conductive structural adhesive. The external cold plate is thicker than the internal partitions to provide stable support. The height of the support blocks, water inlets, and inlet pipes at their locations can be set to 50%-90% of the overall battery pack height, with sufficient space reserved at the top for electrical components and fire suppression systems. The cold plate structure diagram is shown below. Figure 5 As shown, the coolant flows through the inlet to each side of the individual battery cells and then converges to exit through the outlet. Multi-sided cooling increases the cooling area and efficiency within the battery pack, mitigating the problem of poor cell uniformity caused by large temperature differences. This avoids the risk of thermal runaway due to temperature accumulation, thus improving the overall lifespan and safety performance of the battery pack and system. Furthermore, integrating the cooling plate with the outer casing reduces the number of structural components. Support blocks, made of materials such as rubber, sponge, ceramic, or organic polymers, are placed in the empty areas within the battery pack. During battery cycling, these blocks provide pressure to the cells in areas without cooling plates, preventing battery failure caused by cell expansion during later stages of cycling. Space is reserved above the support blocks for accommodating electrical wiring and fire suppression systems within the battery pack. The battery pack provided in this embodiment improves overall space utilization, reduces structural and manufacturing costs, and increases the energy density of the battery system.

[0054] The battery pack provided in this embodiment allows adjacent individual cells to be flipped up and down or left and right to bring their positive and negative terminals together for easy welding. By integrating the individual cells to form the battery pack, the integration of individual cells becomes more flexible and simple. At the same time, a cold plate surrounding each individual cell is provided inside the battery pack, which can fully utilize the heat dissipation performance of the cold plate for each individual cell. This can improve the problem of poor consistency of individual cells caused by large temperature differences within the battery pack, and correspondingly avoid the risk of thermal runaway caused by temperature accumulation, thereby improving the overall service life and safety performance of the battery pack and battery system.

[0055] Although embodiments of the present invention have been described in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, those skilled in the art can make various modifications and variations without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention, and such modifications and variations all fall within the scope defined by the appended claims.

Claims

1. A single-cell battery, characterized in that, The single cell includes: A plurality of battery cells are stacked in a staggered manner to make the three-dimensional structure of the single battery cell centrally symmetrical, and the three-dimensional structure of the single battery cell is in the form of a plurality of cuboids stacked in a staggered manner. The electrode post includes a first electrode post and a second electrode post with opposite polarities. The first electrode post is disposed at the upper left end of the single cell, and the second electrode post is disposed at the lower right end of the single cell. The cells are stacked in a staggered manner to form symmetrical individual cells. When these cells are assembled into a battery pack, they are flexibly arranged by rotation so that the positive and negative terminals of adjacent individual cells are close together.

2. The single-cell battery according to claim 1, characterized in that, After the cells are stacked vertically, one of the cells is selected to be offset to the left by a preset distance, or one of the cells is selected to be offset to the right by a preset distance, so that the three-dimensional structure of the single battery cell presents a central symmetry.

3. The single-cell battery according to claim 2, characterized in that, The single battery includes an adapter piece, the shape of which is determined based on the staggered stacking of the cells and the position of the terminals, for connecting the tabs disposed inside the cells to the terminals disposed on the outer casing of the single battery.

4. A battery pack, characterized in that, The battery pack includes: a plurality of individual batteries as described in any one of claims 1-3, wherein the individual batteries are integrated inside the battery pack, and each individual battery is fitted with adjacent individual batteries in the same row in a preset fixed direction, wherein the preset fixed direction of each row of individual batteries is opposite to the preset fixed direction of the individual batteries in the adjacent row. A cold plate, located inside the housing of the battery pack, surrounds each individual cell and separates adjacent individual cells.

5. The battery pack according to claim 4, characterized in that, The three-dimensional structure of the single cell is centrally symmetrical. The single cell is provided with a centrally symmetrical positive terminal and a negative terminal. The positive terminal of the single cell is connected to the negative terminal of the adjacent single cell in the same row or column, and the negative terminal of the single cell is connected to the positive terminal of the adjacent single cell in the same row or column.

6. The battery pack according to claim 5, characterized in that, The positive terminal of a single cell that is not connected to the negative terminal of an adjacent single cell serves as the overall positive terminal of the battery pack, and the negative terminal of a single cell that is not connected to the positive terminal of an adjacent single cell serves as the overall negative terminal of the battery pack.

7. The battery pack according to claim 4, characterized in that, The cold plate includes an integrally formed side plate, an internal partition, and a bottom plate, and liquid cooling pipes are formed in the side plate, the internal partition, and the bottom plate.

8. The battery pack according to claim 7, characterized in that, A water inlet is provided on the first side of the cold plate, and a water outlet is provided on the second side of the cold plate. The cold plate is connected to the liquid cooling pipes in the side plate, the internal partition and the bottom plate. Coolant is injected through the water inlet so that the coolant flows through each surface of each individual battery cell and then converges and is discharged through the water outlet.

9. The battery pack according to claim 8, characterized in that, The water inlet is located at a distance of 50%-90% of the height of the battery pack from the bottom plate of the battery pack.

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