Battery pack and thermal management system thereof

Abstract

The utility model discloses a battery pack and a thermal management system of the battery pack, and relates to the technical field of batteries. The battery pack comprises a plurality of battery modules and a heat dissipation assembly, the battery modules are stacked in the height direction of the battery pack, the heat dissipation assembly comprises a plurality of cooling plates, the cooling plates are arranged on the two sides of each battery module in the height direction, each battery module is suitable for being in heat exchange contact with the cooling plates on the two sides, and cooling media are suitable for circulating in the cooling plates. According to the battery pack provided by the invention, the battery module can be simultaneously refrigerated from the two opposite sides of the battery module in the height direction, so that the refrigeration efficiency can be improved, the temperature difference between the two opposite sides of the battery module is reduced, and the temperature distribution in the battery pack is more uniform.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of battery technology, and more particularly to a battery pack and a thermal management system for the battery pack. Background Technology

[0002] Heavy-duty vehicles require multiple battery packs for power. Each battery pack includes a battery module and a cooling plate. The cooling plate is located at the bottom of the battery module and makes heat exchange contact with it. Mounting brackets are installed at the bottom of the heavy-duty vehicle, and each battery pack is secured to the vehicle via these brackets.

[0003] However, the cooling plate in each battery pack only cools the battery module at the bottom, resulting in low cooling efficiency and a large temperature difference between the upper and lower surfaces of the battery module. Utility Model Content

[0004] This application provides a battery pack and a battery pack thermal management system to solve the problem in the prior art that the cooling plate in each battery pack only cools the battery module at the bottom, resulting in low cooling efficiency and a large temperature difference between the upper and lower surfaces of the battery module.

[0005] On one hand, this application provides a battery pack, including: battery modules and heat dissipation components. The battery modules are multiple stacked along the height direction of the battery pack. The heat dissipation components include multiple cooling plates. Each battery module has cooling plates on both sides along the height direction. Each battery module is adapted to have heat exchange contact with the cooling plates on both sides. Cooling medium is adapted to flow inside the cooling plates.

[0006] In one possible implementation, the battery pack provided in this application has cooling plates and battery modules arranged alternately along the height direction of the battery pack.

[0007] In one possible implementation, the battery pack provided in this application further includes a thermally conductive layer, wherein each cooling plate is in thermal contact with the battery module through the thermally conductive layer.

[0008] In one possible implementation, the battery pack provided in this application includes a thermally conductive adhesive as the thermally conductive layer.

[0009] In one possible implementation, the battery pack provided in this application includes multiple cooling plates comprising: a top cooling plate located at the top of the battery pack, a bottom cooling plate located at the bottom of the battery pack, and a plurality of intermediate cooling plates located between the top cooling plate and the bottom cooling plate.

[0010] The heat dissipation assembly is configured such that the flow rate of the cooling medium in the middle cooling plate is greater than the flow rate of the cooling medium in the top cooling plate and the bottom cooling plate.

[0011] In one possible implementation, the battery pack provided in this application has each cooling plate having a cooling channel and an inlet and an outlet communicating with the cooling channel. The inlets of multiple cooling plates are adapted to communicate with the outlet end of an external cooling path, and the outlets of multiple cooling plates are adapted to connect with the inlet end of an external cooling path.

[0012] The diameter of the liquid inlet of the intermediate cooling plate is larger than that of the liquid inlets of the top and bottom cooling plates.

[0013] In one possible implementation, the battery pack provided in this application has a flow channel volume of the intermediate cooling plate that is larger than the flow channel volumes of the top cooling plate and the bottom cooling plate.

[0014] In one possible implementation, the battery pack provided in this application has a cooling plate made of aluminum alloy; and / or, the cooling medium includes an aqueous solution of ethylene glycol.

[0015] On the other hand, this application provides a thermal management system for a battery pack, including:

[0016] In any of the above battery packs, each cooling plate is provided with a cooling channel and an inlet and an outlet connected to the cooling channel;

[0017] The cooling flow path includes a heat exchanger, a drive pump, and connecting pipes. The heat exchanger is located on the liquid outlet side of the cooling plate, and the drive pump is located between the liquid inlet of the cooling plate and the heat exchanger. The cooling flow path, the heat exchanger, and the drive pump are all connected by connecting pipes.

[0018] In one possible implementation, the thermal management system provided in this application further includes an expansion tank located between the drive pump and the inlet of the cooling plate.

[0019] The battery pack and its thermal management system provided in this application include a heat dissipation component and multiple battery modules stacked along the height of the battery pack. The heat dissipation component has multiple cooling plates, and cooling plates are provided on both sides of each battery module along the height direction. The surfaces of both sides of the battery module are in heat exchange contact with the cooling plates. When the battery pack temperature is high and cooling is required, cooling medium is simultaneously circulated within each cooling plate. In this way, both the upper and lower sides of each battery module can exchange heat through the cooling plates. Compared to having only one cooling plate at the bottom of the battery module, the battery pack of this application has higher cooling efficiency. Furthermore, cooling from both sides of the battery module simultaneously avoids excessive temperature differences between the two sides of the battery module, which helps to make the temperature distribution of each part of the battery module more uniform and ensures the safe and stable operation of the battery pack. Attached Figure Description

[0020] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of this application or the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are some embodiments of this application. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0021] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the battery pack structure provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0022] Figure 2 for Figure 1 The diagram shows the usage status of the battery pack in the battery pack's thermal management system.

[0023] Explanation of reference numerals in the attached figures:

[0024] 100-Battery Module;

[0025] 200 - Heat dissipation components;

[0026] 210 - Top cooling plate;

[0027] 220 - Bottom cooling plate;

[0028] 230 - Intermediate cooling plate;

[0029] 231 - Liquid Inlet;

[0030] 232-liquid outlet;

[0031] 300 - Thermal conductive layer;

[0032] 10-Cooling flow path;

[0033] 11-Heat exchanger;

[0034] 12-Drive pump;

[0035] 13-Connecting pipes;

[0036] 14-Expansion pitcher. Detailed Implementation

[0037] To make the above-mentioned objectives, features, and advantages of the embodiments of this application more apparent and understandable, the technical solutions of the embodiments of this application will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of this application, and not all of them. All other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of this application without creative effort are within the scope of protection of this application.

[0038] As the background art demonstrates, heavy-duty vehicles require multiple battery packs for power. Each battery pack includes a battery module and a cooling plate, with the cooling plate positioned at the bottom of the battery module and in heat exchange contact with it. Mounting brackets are located at the bottom of the heavy-duty vehicle, and each battery pack is secured to the vehicle via these brackets.

[0039] However, the cooling plate in each battery pack only cools the battery module at the bottom, resulting in low cooling efficiency and a large temperature difference between the upper and lower surfaces of the battery module.

[0040] In view of this, this application provides a battery pack and a thermal management system for the battery pack. The battery pack is provided with a heat dissipation component and multiple battery modules. The battery modules are stacked along the height direction of the battery pack. The heat dissipation component is provided with multiple cooling plates. Cooling plates are provided on both sides of the battery modules along the height direction, and the surfaces on both sides of the battery modules are in heat exchange contact with the cooling plates. When the battery pack temperature is high and cooling is required, cooling medium is circulated in each cooling plate simultaneously. In this way, the upper and lower sides of each battery module can exchange heat through the cooling plates. Compared with only one cooling plate at the bottom of the battery module, the battery pack of this application has higher cooling efficiency. Moreover, cooling from both sides of the battery module at the same time can avoid excessive temperature difference between the two sides of the battery module, which is conducive to a more uniform temperature distribution in all parts of the battery module and ensures the safe and stable operation of the battery pack.

[0041] The technical solution of this application and how the technical solution of this application solves the above-mentioned technical problems are described in detail below with specific embodiments. These specific embodiments can be combined with each other, and the same or similar concepts or processes may not be described again in some embodiments. The embodiments of this application will now be described with reference to the accompanying drawings:

[0042] It should be noted that the battery pack provided in this application embodiment can be applied to the thermal management system of various battery packs.

[0043] See Figure 1 As shown, the battery pack provided in this application embodiment includes: a battery module 100 and a heat dissipation component 200. The battery module 100 consists of multiple battery modules stacked along the height direction of the battery pack. The heat dissipation component 200 includes multiple cooling plates. Each battery module 100 has cooling plates on both sides along the height direction. Each battery module 100 is adapted to have heat exchange contact with the cooling plates on both sides. Cooling medium is adapted to circulate in the cooling plates.

[0044] In this embodiment of the application, a battery pack contains multiple battery modules 100, which are stacked to provide power to the vehicle. This makes installation easier and improves the efficiency of battery pack installation.

[0045] The battery pack also includes a heat dissipation assembly 200 with multiple cooling plates. Each battery module 100 has cooling plates on both sides along its height, and the surfaces of both sides of the battery module 100 are in heat exchange contact with the cooling plates. When the battery pack temperature is high and cooling is required, cooling medium is circulated simultaneously in each cooling plate. In this way, both the upper and lower sides of each battery module 100 can exchange heat through the cooling plates. Compared to having only one cooling plate at the bottom of the battery module 100, the battery pack of this application has higher cooling efficiency. Furthermore, cooling from both sides of the battery module 100 simultaneously can prevent excessive temperature differences between the two sides of the battery module 100, which helps to make the temperature distribution of each part of the battery module 100 more uniform and ensures the safe and stable operation of the battery pack.

[0046] In this embodiment, a cooling plate can be provided between two adjacent battery modules 100, with the two opposite sides of the cooling plate in contact with the two battery modules 100 respectively along the height direction. In this way, the same cooling plate can cool two battery modules 100 at the same time, improving cooling efficiency while reducing the number of cooling plates used, which helps to save costs and reduce the weight of the battery pack. Alternatively, two cooling plates can be provided, with the heat dissipation surfaces of the two cooling plates facing the corresponding battery modules 100 respectively, and cooling the battery modules 100. The specific arrangement of the cooling plates is not limited in this embodiment, as long as it is ensured that corresponding cooling plates are provided on both opposite sides of the same battery module 100.

[0047] Meanwhile, compared to the prior art, where each battery pack contains one battery module 100 and one cooling plate, and multiple battery packs are installed on the same vehicle, the battery pack provided in this application embodiment can simultaneously provide cooling medium to multiple cooling plates through a single cooling medium supply device, thereby simultaneously cooling multiple battery modules 100. This eliminates the need for independent cooling for each battery pack, making operation more convenient and further improving the cooling efficiency of the battery pack. Furthermore, the specific number of battery modules 100 in a battery pack can be adjusted according to the actual needs of the vehicle, and this application embodiment does not impose any limitations on this.

[0048] Thus, the battery pack of this application embodiment can cool multiple battery modules 100 simultaneously, and each battery module 100 exchanges heat simultaneously from opposite sides along the height direction, which effectively improves the cooling efficiency and reduces the temperature difference between opposite sides of the battery module 100, which helps to make the temperature distribution inside the battery pack more uniform and ensures that the battery pack works more safely and stably.

[0049] See also some of the possible implementation methods. Figure 1 As shown, in this embodiment of the application, the cooling plate and the battery module 100 are arranged alternately along the height direction of the battery pack.

[0050] In some embodiments, cooling plates and battery modules 100 are alternately arranged, that is, a cooling plate is placed between every two adjacent battery modules 100. The two opposite sides of the cooling plate along the height direction are both configured as heat dissipation surfaces, and the two heat dissipation surfaces respectively exchange heat with two battery modules 100. This allows one cooling plate to simultaneously heat two battery modules 100, reducing the number of cooling plates used, which helps save costs and reduce the weight of the battery pack. Furthermore, placing only one cooling plate between two battery modules 100 also reduces the space occupied by the cooling plates, reducing the height of the battery pack and thus saving space along the height direction of the battery pack.

[0051] See also some of the possible implementation methods. Figure 1 As shown, the battery pack in this embodiment of the application further includes a thermally conductive layer 300, and each cooling plate is in thermal contact with the battery module 100 through the thermally conductive layer 300.

[0052] In a specific implementation, a heat-conducting layer 300 is provided between each battery module 100 and the cooling plate. The battery module 100 exchanges heat with the cooling medium in the cooling plate through the heat-conducting layer 300. The heat-conducting layer 300 can be adjusted according to the shape of the surface of the battery module 100, thereby maximizing the heat exchange area of ​​the battery module 100 and improving the heat exchange efficiency. The specific structure of the heat-conducting layer 300 is not limited in this embodiment.

[0053] See also some of the possible implementation methods. Figure 1 As shown, the thermally conductive layer 300 in this embodiment includes thermally conductive adhesive.

[0054] Specifically, the thermally conductive layer 300 can be made of thermally conductive adhesive. This adhesive is highly malleable and can be adapted to the shape of the cooling plate and the surface of the battery module 100, thereby increasing the heat exchange area of ​​the battery module 100 and improving cooling efficiency. Simultaneously, the thermally conductive adhesive also has good adhesive strength and good adhesion to electronic components. It can improve the stability of the connection between the cooling plate and the battery module 100, preventing the cooling plate from shifting and affecting the cooling effect. The thickness of the thermally conductive adhesive can be flexibly adjusted according to actual usage; for example, the thickness is 1 mm.

[0055] See also some of the possible implementation methods. Figure 1 As shown, the multiple cooling plates in this embodiment include: a top cooling plate 210 located at the top of the battery pack, a bottom cooling plate 220 located at the bottom of the battery pack, and a plurality of intermediate cooling plates 230 located between the top cooling plate 210 and the bottom cooling plate 220. The heat dissipation assembly 200 is configured such that the flow rate of the cooling medium in the intermediate cooling plate 230 is greater than the flow rate of the cooling medium in the top cooling plate 210 and the bottom cooling plate 220.

[0056] It is understandable that the top cooling plate 210 and the bottom cooling plate 220 each have only one heat dissipation surface, meaning they only need to exchange heat with one battery module 100. However, each intermediate cooling plate 230 has two heat dissipation surfaces opposite each other along the height direction, and each intermediate cooling plate 230 needs to dissipate heat with two corresponding battery modules 100 simultaneously. Therefore, to ensure that the cooling effect of the top cooling plate 210, the bottom cooling plate 220, and the intermediate cooling plate 230 is consistent, and to avoid a large temperature difference between the top cooling plate 210, the bottom cooling plate 220, and the intermediate cooling plate 230 affecting the uniformity of the battery pack temperature distribution, the flow rate of the cooling medium in the intermediate cooling plate 230 can be set to be greater than that in the top cooling plate 210 and the bottom cooling plate 220. This makes the flow rate of the cooling medium in the cooling plate proportional to the area of ​​the heat dissipation surface of the cooling plate, which is beneficial to ensuring a uniform temperature distribution in all parts of the battery pack and enabling the battery pack to operate safely and stably.

[0057] See also some of the possible implementation methods. Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, in this embodiment of the application, the flow channel volume of the intermediate cooling plate 230 is larger than that of the top cooling plate 210 and the bottom cooling plate 220.

[0058] It should be noted that each cooling plate is provided with a cooling channel. The shape of the cooling channel can be adjusted according to the shape of the battery module 100. The specific shape is not limited in this embodiment. The cooling channel is provided with an inlet 231 and an outlet 232 at both ends. The inlet 231 of each cooling plate is connected to the outlet end of the external cooling channel 10, and the outlet 232 of each cooling plate is connected to the inlet end of the external cooling channel 10. In this way, only one drive pump 12 can be used to simultaneously input the cooling medium into each cooling plate to realize the circulation of the cooling medium, so that each cooling plate starts cooling at the same time.

[0059] However, using the same drive pump 12 to deliver the cooling medium will cause the flow rate of the cooling medium delivered by the external cooling flow path 10 to each cooling plate to be consistent. In order to meet the requirement that the flow rate of the cooling medium in the intermediate cooling plate 230 is greater than that in the top cooling plate 210 and the bottom cooling plate 220, the flow channel volume of the intermediate cooling plate 230 can be set to be greater than that in the top cooling plate 210 and the bottom cooling plate 220, thereby realizing the adjustment of the cooling medium flow rate.

[0060] See also some of the possible implementation methods. Figure 1 and Figure 2As shown, each cooling plate in this embodiment of the application is provided with a cooling channel and an inlet 231 and an outlet 232 communicating with the cooling channel. The inlets 231 of the multiple cooling plates are adapted to communicate with the outlet end of the external cooling channel 10, and the outlets 232 of the multiple cooling plates are adapted to connect with the inlet end of the external cooling channel 10. The diameter of the inlet 231 of the middle cooling plate 230 is larger than the diameter of the inlets 231 of the top cooling plate 210 and the bottom cooling plate 220.

[0061] In some embodiments, the diameter of the inlet 231 of the intermediate cooling medium can be set to be larger than the diameter of the inlets 231 of the top cooling plate 210 and the bottom cooling plate 220 to adjust the flow rate of the cooling medium. Furthermore, compared to adjusting the flow rate of the cooling medium by adjusting the volume of the cooling plates, the method of adjusting the diameter of the inlet 231 in this embodiment allows the intermediate cooling plate 230, the top cooling plate 210, and the bottom cooling plate 220 to be set as cooling plates of the same specification. Only one structure for adjusting the diameter needs to be installed at each corresponding inlet 231. Thus, when manufacturing the battery pack of this embodiment, only one type of cooling plate mold is required, which helps to save on battery pack production costs and improve production efficiency.

[0062] See also some of the possible implementation methods. Figure 1 As shown, the cooling plate in this embodiment is an aluminum alloy part; and / or, the cooling medium includes an aqueous solution of ethylene glycol.

[0063] In practical implementation, aluminum alloy parts can be used for the cooling plate. Aluminum alloy has good thermal conductivity, which helps to ensure the heat exchange efficiency between the cooling plate and the battery module 100. Ethylene glycol aqueous solution can be used as the cooling medium. Ethylene glycol aqueous solution has a low freezing point, which can prevent the cooling medium from freezing in cold environments and ensure that the battery pack can still be used normally in cold environments.

[0064] See Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown in the embodiment of this application, a thermal management system for a battery pack is also provided, including: any of the above-mentioned battery packs, each cooling plate is provided with a cooling channel and an inlet 231 and an outlet 232 communicating with the cooling channel; the cooling channel 10 includes: a heat exchanger 11, a drive pump 12 and a connecting pipe 13, wherein the heat exchanger 11 is located on one side of the outlet 232 of the cooling plate, the drive pump 12 is located between the inlet 231 of the cooling plate and the heat exchanger 11, and the cooling channel, the heat exchanger 11 and the drive pump 12 are all connected by the connecting pipe 13.

[0065] The structure and working principle of the battery pack have been described in detail in the above embodiments, and will not be repeated here.

[0066] In this embodiment, the drive pump 12 delivers the cooling medium through the connecting pipe 13 to each cooling plate via the inlet 231. The cooling medium flows within the cooling channels, transferring heat with the battery module 100 of the battery pack, and then flows out through the outlet 232. After exiting, the cooling medium enters the heat exchanger 11 through the connecting pipe 13 for heat exchange. Once the temperature of the cooling medium decreases, it is again delivered to the cooling plate by the drive pump 12 to complete the cycle. In this way, multiple cooling plates within the same battery pack only require one cooling flow path 10 to complete the cooling operation, which is convenient for control and has high cooling efficiency.

[0067] See also some of the possible implementation methods. Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, the cooling flow path 10 in this embodiment of the application further includes an expansion tank 14, which is disposed between the drive pump 12 and the liquid inlet 231 of the cooling plate.

[0068] In practical implementation, setting an expansion tank 14 between the drive pump 12 and the liquid inlet 231 can prevent the connection pipe 13 from bursting due to excessive pressure applied by the drive pump 12, and prevent the cooling medium from overflowing, thereby ensuring the safe and stable operation of the battery pack's thermal management system.

[0069] In summary, the battery pack and its thermal management system provided in this application embodiment, through multiple battery modules 100 and multiple cooling plates, alternately arrange the battery modules 100 and cooling plates along the height direction of the battery pack, ensuring that each battery module 100 has a cooling plate on both sides along the height direction of the battery pack. When the battery pack temperature is too high, each battery module 100 can exchange heat from both the top and bottom sides simultaneously, effectively improving the cooling efficiency of the battery pack. At the same time, it can also reduce the temperature difference between the top and bottom sides of each battery module 100, which is conducive to ensuring a more uniform temperature distribution in all parts of the battery pack.

[0070] In the description of the embodiments of this application, it should be noted that, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "installation," "connection," and "linking" should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, an indirect connection through an intermediate medium, or the internal communication of two components or the interaction between two components. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in the embodiments of this application according to the specific circumstances.

[0071] The devices or elements referred to in the embodiments of this application or implied herein must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as limiting the embodiments of this application. In the description of the embodiments of this application, "a plurality of" means two or more, unless otherwise precisely specified.

[0072] The terms "first," "second," "third," "fourth," etc. (if present) in the specification, claims, and accompanying drawings of this application are used to distinguish similar objects and are not necessarily used to describe a specific order or sequence. It should be understood that such data can be interchanged where appropriate so that the embodiments of this application described herein can be implemented, for example, in orders other than those illustrated or described herein.

[0073] Furthermore, the terms “comprising” and “having”, and any variations thereof, are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, system, product, or apparatus that includes a series of steps or units is not necessarily limited to those steps or units that are explicitly listed, but may include other steps or units that are not explicitly listed or that are inherent to such process, method, product, or apparatus.

[0074] The term "multiple" in this article refers to two or more. The term "and / or" in this article is merely a description of the relationship between related objects, indicating that there can be three relationships. For example, A and / or B can represent three cases: A exists alone, A and B exist simultaneously, and B exists alone.

[0075] It is understood that the various numerical designations used in the embodiments of this application are merely for descriptive convenience and are not intended to limit the scope of the embodiments of this application.

[0076] It is understood that, in the embodiments of this application, the order of the above-mentioned process numbers does not imply the order of execution. The execution order of each process should be determined by its function and internal logic, and should not constitute any limitation on the implementation process of the embodiments of this application.

[0077] Other embodiments of this application will readily occur to those skilled in the art upon consideration of the specification and practice of the utility models disclosed herein. This application is intended to cover any variations, uses, or adaptations of this application that follow the general principles of this application and include common knowledge or customary techniques in the art not disclosed herein. The specification and examples are to be considered exemplary only, and the true scope and spirit of this application are indicated by the following claims.

[0078] It should be understood that this application is not limited to the precise structure described above and shown in the accompanying drawings, and various modifications and changes can be made without departing from its scope. The scope of this application is limited only by the appended claims.

Claims

1. A battery pack, characterized in that, include: The battery module (100) and heat dissipation assembly (200) are provided. The battery module (100) consists of multiple stacked units arranged along the height direction of the battery pack. The heat dissipation assembly (200) includes multiple cooling plates. Each battery module (100) has cooling plates on both sides along the height direction. Each battery module (100) is adapted to have heat exchange contact with the cooling plates on both sides. Cooling medium is adapted to flow inside the cooling plates. The plurality of cooling plates include: a top cooling plate (210) located at the top of the battery pack, a bottom cooling plate (220) located at the bottom of the battery pack, and a plurality of intermediate cooling plates (230) located between the top cooling plate (210) and the bottom cooling plate (220). The heat dissipation assembly (200) is configured such that the flow rate of the cooling medium in the intermediate cooling plate (230) is greater than the flow rate of the cooling medium in the top cooling plate (210) and the bottom cooling plate (220).

2. The battery pack according to claim 1, characterized in that, The cooling plate and the battery module (100) are arranged alternately along the height direction of the battery pack.

3. The battery pack according to claim 2, characterized in that, The battery pack further includes a thermally conductive layer (300), and each of the cooling plates is in thermal contact with the battery module (100) through the thermally conductive layer (300).

4. The battery pack according to claim 3, characterized in that, The thermally conductive layer (300) includes thermally conductive adhesive.

5. The battery pack according to claim 1, characterized in that, Each of the cooling plates is provided with a cooling channel and an inlet (231) and an outlet (232) communicating with the cooling channel. The inlets (231) of the plurality of cooling plates are adapted to communicate with the outlet end of the external cooling channel (10), and the outlets (232) of the plurality of cooling plates are adapted to connect with the inlet end of the external cooling channel (10). The diameter of the liquid inlet (231) of the intermediate cooling plate (230) is larger than the diameter of the liquid inlet (231) of the top cooling plate (210) and the bottom cooling plate (220).

6. The battery pack according to claim 1, characterized in that, The flow channel volume of the intermediate cooling plate (230) is greater than that of the top cooling plate (210) and the bottom cooling plate (220).

7. The battery pack according to claim 1, characterized in that, The cooling plate is made of aluminum alloy; and / or the cooling medium includes an aqueous solution of ethylene glycol.

8. A thermal management system for a battery pack, characterized in that, include: The battery pack according to any one of claims 1-7, each of the cooling plates is provided with a cooling channel and an inlet (231) and an outlet (232) communicating with the cooling channel; The cooling flow path (10) includes a heat exchanger (11), a drive pump (12), and a connecting pipe (13). The heat exchanger (11) is located on one side of the liquid outlet (232) of the cooling plate, and the drive pump (12) is located between the liquid inlet (231) of the cooling plate and the heat exchanger (11). The cooling flow path, the heat exchanger (11), and the drive pump (12) are all connected through the connecting pipe (13).

9. The thermal management system according to claim 8, characterized in that, The cooling flow path (10) further includes an expansion tank (14), which is located between the drive pump (12) and the liquid inlet (231) of the cooling plate.

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