Gravel filter and high-turbidity sewage filtering device

Abstract

The utility model discloses a gravel filter and a high-turbidity sewage filtering device, and belongs to the technical field of water treatment. Which comprises a shell (16), a filter layer is arranged in the shell (16), and is characterized in that a first filter cartridge (20) and a second filter cartridge (22) through which sewage sequentially passes are arranged in the shell (16), the second filter cartridge (22) is sleeved outside the first filter cartridge (20), a filter input pipe (14) is positioned on the input side of the first filter cartridge (20), a filter output pipe (24) is positioned on the output side of the second filter cartridge (20), and the filter output pipe (24) is communicated with the first filter cartridge (20). The flushing mechanism is arranged in the first filter cartridge (20) and between the first filter cartridge (20) and the second filter cartridge (22). In the gravel filter and the high-turbidity sewage filtering device, the filtering layers are arranged in a form of sleeving the inner layer and the outer layer, so that the two filtering layers are respectively washed on the premise of ensuring the filtering effect; the sandstone filter ensures the flushing effect; and the high-turbidity sewage filtering device realizes two-stage filtration of quartz sand and a metal film.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] A sand filter and a high-turbidity wastewater filtration device belong to the field of water treatment technology. Background Technology

[0002] In existing water treatment systems, sand and gravel filtration systems are commonly used devices that can effectively remove suspended solids, sediments, and particulate matter from water, ensuring water quality. Most commercially available sand and gravel filtration systems are equipped with a backwashing function. When impurities accumulate to a certain level in the filter media, backwashing is necessary to remove the impurities and restore the filter media's filtration capacity.

[0003] The common structure in existing sand and gravel filtration systems involves arranging a certain thickness of quartz sand inside the filter housing. When wastewater passes through the quartz sand, the sand removes suspended solids, sediments, and particulate matter. During backwashing, flushing water is introduced into the filter in the opposite direction to the filtration process, flushing the quartz sand in the opposite direction to restore the filter media's filtration capacity. Examples include the technical solutions disclosed in Chinese invention patent application number 202310047919.5 (filed January 31, 2023) entitled "A Novel Sand and Gravel Backwashing Filter," and Chinese utility model invention patent application number 202323657394.1 (filed December 29, 2023) entitled "Sand and Gravel Filter."

[0004] In existing sand and gravel filtration systems, backwashing methods often fail to achieve the intended results. This is because as wastewater flows through the sand and gravel layer, the amount of suspended solids trapped by the sand and gravel gradually decreases along the flow direction of the wastewater. However, during backwashing, the flushing water actually flows from the end with fewer suspended solids to the end with more suspended solids. When the flushing water reaches the wastewater inlet, its water pressure drops significantly. This phenomenon is more pronounced when the sand and gravel layer is thick. Furthermore, during backwashing, the backwash water may become back-mixed after reaching the top of the filter cylinder, affecting the cleaning effect on the quartz sand filter layer. Utility Model Content

[0005] The technical problem to be solved by this utility model is to overcome the shortcomings of the prior art and provide a sand and gravel filter that sets the filter layer in the form of an inner and outer two-layer set, which achieves separate rinsing of the two filter layers while ensuring the filtration effect, and a high turbidity sewage filtration device that realizes two-stage filtration of quartz sand and metal membrane.

[0006] The technical solution adopted by this utility model to solve its technical problem is: the sand and gravel filter includes a shell, a filter layer is provided inside the shell, a filter inlet pipe and a filter outlet pipe are also provided on the surface of the shell, and a rinsing mechanism for rinsing the quartz sand filter layer is also provided. The feature is that: a first filter cylinder and a second filter cylinder through which sewage passes are provided inside the shell, and the filter layer is arranged inside the first filter cylinder and the second filter cylinder.

[0007] The second filter cartridge is fitted outside the first filter cartridge. The filter inlet pipe is located on the inlet side of the first filter cartridge, and the filter outlet pipe is located on the outlet side of the second filter cartridge. The rinsing mechanism is arranged inside the first filter cartridge and between the first and second filter cartridges.

[0008] Preferably, the rinsing mechanism includes a first rinsing pipe disposed in the central cavity of the first filter cartridge and a second rinsing pipe disposed between the first filter cartridge and the second filter cartridge, both the first rinsing pipe and the second rinsing pipe being connected to a rinsing water inlet pipe.

[0009] Preferably, an end cap is arranged in the upper and lower parts of the housing, which closes the upper and lower ports of the first and second filter cartridges, and an opening communicating with the central cavity of the first filter cartridge is provided on the upper end cap.

[0010] Preferably, the first flushing pipe is a vertically arranged straight flushing pipe in the central cavity of the first filter cartridge, and the second flushing pipe is a spiral flushing coil arranged between the first and second filter cartridges. Both the straight flushing pipe and the flushing coil are arranged along the height direction of the shell.

[0011] Preferably, nozzles are provided on the surfaces of the flushing straight pipe and the flushing coil, respectively.

[0012] Preferably, a flushing water output pipe is also provided, which is connected to: the central cavity of the first filter cartridge, the cavity between the first and second filter cartridges, and the cavity between the second filter cartridge and the inner wall of the housing.

[0013] A high-turbidity wastewater filtration device, characterized in that: it is equipped with a metal membrane filter, the inlet of which is connected to the filter output pipe via a pipeline.

[0014] Preferably, a flushing water storage tank is also provided, with the flushing water input pipe connected to the inlet of the flushing water storage tank, the outlet of the flushing water storage tank connected to the inlet of the flushing pump, and the outlet of the flushing pump connected to the flushing water input pipe.

[0015] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of this utility model are:

[0016] In this sand and gravel filter and high-turbidity sewage filtration device, the filter layer is set in the form of an inner and outer double-layer set. While ensuring the filtration effect, the first filter cartridge and the second filter cartridge are rinsed separately during rinsing, which avoids the situation of reduced rinsing effect due to insufficient water pressure in the prior art.

[0017] This sand and gravel filter and high-turbidity wastewater filtration device is equipped with two-stage filtration, namely a sand and gravel filter and a metal membrane filter, to ensure the filtration effect of wastewater. Attached Figure Description

[0018] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of a high-turbidity wastewater filtration device.

[0019] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the sand and gravel filter structure of a high-turbidity wastewater filtration device.

[0020] The components include: 1. Sewage inlet pipe; 2. Flushing water delivery pipe; 3. Flushing water solenoid valve; 4. Sand and gravel filter; 5. Metal membrane filter; 6. Flushing water outlet valve; 7. Flushing water outlet pipe; 8. Flushing water inlet pipe; 9. Flushing water inlet valve; 10. Flushing water check valve; 11. Flushing pump; 12. Flushing water storage tank; 13. Storage tank drain pipe; 14. Filter inlet pipe; 15. Top cavity; 16. Shell; 17. Inlet cavity; 18. Flushing straight pipe; 19. Flushing chamber; 20. First filter cartridge; 21. Flushing coil; 22. Second filter cartridge; 23. Outlet cavity; 24. Filter outlet pipe; 25. Bottom cavity; 26. End cap. Detailed Implementation

[0021] Figures 1-2 This is the preferred embodiment of the present invention, which is described below in conjunction with the appendix. Figures 1-2 The present invention will be further described below.

[0022] like Figure 1 As shown, a high-turbidity wastewater filtration device includes a sand filter 4 and a metal membrane filter 5. A wastewater inlet pipe 1 is connected to the inlet of the sand filter 4. Valves and multiple instruments, such as pressure gauges and flow meters, are installed on the wastewater inlet pipe 1. The outlet of the sand filter 4 is connected to the inlet of the metal membrane filter 5. The outlet of the metal membrane filter 5 serves as the outlet of this high-turbidity wastewater filtration device, outputting the filtered still water.

[0023] A flushing device is provided on the side of the sand filter 4. The flushing device includes a flushing water storage tank 12, and a flushing water delivery pipe 2 is connected to the inlet of the flushing water storage tank 12. A tank drain pipe 13 is provided at the bottom of the flushing water storage tank 12. A flushing water solenoid valve 3 is provided on the flushing water delivery pipe 2, and a liquid level sensor is provided on the side of the flushing water storage tank 12 to control the opening and closing of the flushing water solenoid valve 3, thereby replenishing the flushing water storage tank 12 with water. Controlling the valve by setting a liquid level sensor to control the water level in the container is common knowledge and common practice for those skilled in the art, and will not be described in detail here.

[0024] The outlet of the flushing water storage tank 12 is connected to the inlet of the flushing pump 11 via a pipeline. The outlet of the flushing pump 11 is connected to one end of the flushing water input pipe 8, and the other end of the flushing water input pipe 8 is connected to the sand filter 4. A flushing water input valve 9 and a flushing water check valve 10 are installed on the flushing water input pipe 8. A flushing water output pipe 7 is also provided at the bottom of the sand filter 4, and a flushing water output valve 6 is installed on the flushing water output pipe 7. The wastewater after flushing the sand filter 4 is discharged through the flushing water output pipe 7.

[0025] Combination Figure 2 The sand and gravel filter 4 includes a cylindrical housing 16, with an end cap 26 located at the upper and lower parts of the housing 16. The end cap 26 located at the upper part of the housing 16 forms a top cavity 15 with a gap between it and the top of the housing 16, while the end cap 26 located at the lower part of the housing 16 forms a bottom cavity 25 with a gap between it and the bottom of the housing 16. A filter inlet pipe 14 is provided at the top of the housing 16, and the filter inlet pipe 1 is connected to the sewage input pipe 1 through the filter inlet pipe 1.

[0026] A first filter cartridge 20 and a second filter cartridge 22 are disposed between the upper and lower end caps 26 inside the housing 16, wherein the second filter cartridge 22 is fitted over the first filter cartridge 20. The upper and lower end caps 26 simultaneously seal the first filter cartridge 20 and the second filter cartridge 22. The inner cavity of the first filter cartridge 20 is a water inlet cavity 17, the bottom of which is sealed by the lower end cap 26. An opening is provided at the center of the upper end cap 26, facing the upper port of the water inlet cavity 17, through which the water inlet cavity 17 is connected to the top cavity 15.

[0027] A rinsing chamber 19 with an annular cross-section is formed between the first filter cartridge 20 and the second filter cartridge 22. An output chamber 23 is formed between the second filter cartridge 22 and the inner wall of the housing 16. A filter output pipe 24 is provided at the bottom of the output chamber 23 for connecting to the pipeline connected to the metal membrane filter 5. The upper and lower ports of the rinsing chamber 19 and the output chamber 23 are sealed by upper and lower end caps 26.

[0028] A flushing straight pipe 18 is provided at the center of the water inlet chamber 17, and a spiral flushing coil 21 is provided in the flushing chamber 19. Both the flushing straight pipe 18 and the flushing coil 21 are arranged along the height direction of the housing 16 and extend from the lower part of the housing 16 to the upper part of the housing 16.

[0029] The aforementioned flushing water inlet pipe 8, after penetrating the bottom of the housing 16 and entering the bottom cavity 25, further penetrates the lower end cap 26 and enters the water inlet cavity 17 and the flushing cavity 19 respectively. Within the water inlet cavity 17 and the flushing cavity 19, it communicates with the flushing straight pipe 18 and the flushing coil 21 respectively. Spray nozzles are respectively provided on the outer walls of the flushing straight pipe 18 and the flushing coil 21. The flushing water outlet pipe 7, after penetrating the bottom of the housing 16 and entering the bottom cavity 25, further penetrates the lower end cap 26 and enters the water inlet cavity 17, the flushing cavity 19, and the outlet cavity 23 respectively.

[0030] The specific working process and working principle are as follows:

[0031] Filtered wastewater is fed into the wastewater inlet pipe 1 and then into the sand filter 4 via the filter inlet pipe 14. After passing through the filter inlet pipe 14 and entering the sand filter 4, the wastewater enters the inlet chamber 17 through the top chamber 15, and then passes sequentially through the first filter cartridge 20 and the second filter cartridge 22. After being filtered by the quartz sand in the first filter cartridge 20 and the second filter cartridge 22 respectively, the wastewater enters the outlet chamber 23 and is finally discharged through the filter outlet pipe 24 at the bottom of the outlet chamber 23. After being discharged through the filter outlet pipe 24, the wastewater enters the metal membrane filter 5 through a pipeline. Finally, after secondary filtration by the metal membrane filter 5, the final still water is output.

[0032] When backwashing of the sand filter 4 is required, close the valve on the sewage inlet pipe 1, open the flushing water inlet valve 9 and the flushing water outlet valve 6, and start the flushing pump 11. When the flushing pump 11 is working, it sends the water in the flushing water storage tank 12 into the sand filter 4 through the flushing water inlet pipe 8, and further into the flushing straight pipe 18 and the flushing coil 21.

[0033] Water sprayed from the nozzles on the surface of the flushing straight pipe 18 and the flushing coil 21 flushes the outer walls of the first filter cartridge 20 and the second filter cartridge 22, and further flushes the quartz sand inside the first filter cartridge 20 and the second filter cartridge 22. The flushed wastewater is discharged through the flushing water output pipe 7. Because the first filter cartridge 20 and the second filter cartridge 22 are arranged alternately, the first filter cartridge 20 and the second filter cartridge 22 are flushed separately during the flushing process, avoiding the reduced flushing effect caused by insufficient water pressure in the prior art. Furthermore, the wastewater input pipe 1 is closed during the flushing process, so even if the flushing water in the sand and gravel filter 4 is full, there will be no backflow of flushing water.

[0034] The above description is merely a preferred embodiment of this utility model and is not intended to limit the utility model in any other way. Any person skilled in the art may make changes or modifications to the above-disclosed technical content to create equivalent embodiments. However, any simple modifications, equivalent changes, and modifications made to the above embodiments based on the technical essence of this utility model without departing from its technical solution shall still fall within the protection scope of this utility model.

Claims

1. A sand filter, comprising a housing (16), a filter layer disposed within the housing (16), a filter inlet pipe (14) and a filter outlet pipe (24) further disposed on the surface of the housing (16), and a rinsing mechanism for rinsing the quartz sand filter layer, characterized in that: A first filter cartridge (20) and a second filter cartridge (22) through which sewage passes are provided inside the shell (16), and the filter layer is arranged inside the first filter cartridge (20) and the second filter cartridge (22); The second filter cartridge (22) is fitted outside the first filter cartridge (20). The filter inlet pipe (14) is located on the input side of the first filter cartridge (20), and the filter outlet pipe (24) is located on the output side of the second filter cartridge (22). The rinsing mechanism is arranged inside the first filter cartridge (20) and between the first filter cartridge (20) and the second filter cartridge (22).

2. The sand and gravel filter according to claim 1, characterized in that: The rinsing mechanism includes a first rinsing pipe located in the central cavity of the first filter cartridge (20) and a second rinsing pipe arranged between the first filter cartridge (20) and the second filter cartridge (22). Both the first rinsing pipe and the second rinsing pipe are connected to the rinsing water inlet pipe (8).

3. The sand filter according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: An end cap (26) is arranged in the upper and lower parts of the housing (16). The end cap (26) closes the upper and lower ports of the first filter cartridge (20) and the second filter cartridge (22). An opening communicating with the central cavity of the first filter cartridge (20) is provided on the upper end cap (26).

4. The sand and gravel filter according to claim 2, characterized in that: The first flushing pipe is a vertical flushing straight pipe (18) arranged in the central cavity of the first filter cartridge (20), and the second flushing pipe is a spiral flushing coil (21) arranged between the first filter cartridge (20) and the second filter cartridge (22). Both the flushing straight pipe (18) and the flushing coil (21) are arranged along the height direction of the shell (16).

5. The sand and gravel filter according to claim 4, characterized in that: Spray nozzles are provided on the surfaces of the flushing straight pipe (18) and the flushing coil (21).

6. The sand filter according to claim 2, characterized in that: It is also provided with a flushing water output pipe (7), which is connected to: the central cavity of the first filter cartridge (20), the cavity between the first filter cartridge (20) and the second filter cartridge (22), and the cavity between the second filter cartridge (22) and the inner wall of the shell (16).

7. A high-turbidity wastewater filtration device equipped with a sand and gravel filter according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that: A metal membrane filter (5) is provided, and the inlet of the metal membrane filter (5) is connected to the filter output pipe (24) through a pipeline.

8. The high-turbidity wastewater filtration device according to claim 7, characterized in that: A flushing water storage tank (12) is also provided. The flushing water delivery pipe (2) is connected to the inlet of the flushing water storage tank (12). The outlet of the flushing water storage tank (12) is connected to the inlet of the flushing pump (11). The outlet of the flushing pump (11) is connected to the flushing water input pipe (8).

Images