Floor structure

Abstract

The utility model provides a terrace structure. The terrace structure comprises a sand-based permeable surface layer and a concrete permeable inner layer, the sand-based permeable surface layer is arranged above the concrete permeable inner layer; the thickness of the sand-based water-permeable surface layer is smaller than that of the concrete water-permeable inner layer; the breaking strength of the sand-based water-permeable surface layer is greater than that of the concrete water-permeable inner layer. According to the utility model, the sand-based permeable surface layer and the concrete permeable inner layer jointly form a terrace structure, so that rainwater can infiltrate downwards through a pavement structure and is retained and stored in the high-strength light permeable concrete, and sponge pavement really has a'storage 'function; in addition, the stored rainwater is evaporated into the air in sunny days, and the good effect of relieving the urban heat island effect is achieved.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The utility model relates to the technical field of terrace, specifically relates to a terrace structure. BACKGROUND

[0002] Because of the poor urban drainage, the frequent occurrence of the city sea view phenomenon in recent years increasingly causes people's attention to the urban drainage problem, and more and more cities appear the water shortage phenomenon. The sponge city is a new generation of urban rain flood management concept, refers to the city in adapting to environmental change and coping with rainwater and other aspects of natural disasters have good 'elasticity', also can be called 'water elastic city'. The international general term is 'low impact development rainwater system construction'. When it rains, water absorption, water storage, water infiltration, water purification, when needed, the stored water is'released' and utilized.

[0003] The essence of the sponge city is infiltration, lag, storage, purification, use and drainage. In the conventional method, the storage level is rarely involved, and in the sponge construction scheme, the storage is generally achieved through the water storage tank. However, in actual construction, a large number of water storage tanks are rarely constructed. At present, some water-permeable terraces can be used in cities with small rainfall, but when the rainfall is large, the infiltration speed of rainwater is slow, which can cause a large amount of water accumulation. If the void ratio of the terrace is increased to increase the infiltration speed of rainwater, the strength of the terrace will be reduced and the service life will be shortened. Therefore, the present application provides a colored anti-skid terrace suitable for a sponge city and a construction process thereof to solve the problems in the background art. CONTENT OF THE UTILITY MODEL

[0004] The utility model provides a terrace structure in view of the deficiency in the prior art, and the scheme is as follows:

[0005] A terrace structure includes a sand-based water-permeable surface layer and a concrete water-permeable inner layer. The sand-based water-permeable surface layer is arranged above the concrete water-permeable inner layer. The thickness of the sand-based water-permeable surface layer is lower than that of the concrete water-permeable inner layer. The bending strength of the sand-based water-permeable surface layer is greater than that of the concrete water-permeable inner layer.

[0006] In one embodiment, the sand-based water-permeable surface layer includes an organic water-permeable sand-based single layer, an inorganic water-permeable sand-based single layer, or a combination of organic and inorganic water-permeable sand-based double layers.

[0007] If the sand-based water-permeable surface layer includes an organic water-permeable sand-based single layer, the thickness of the organic water-permeable sand-based single layer ranges from 3mm to 10mm.

[0008] If the sand-based water-permeable surface layer includes an inorganic water-permeable sand-based single layer, the thickness of the inorganic water-permeable sand-based single layer ranges from 10mm to 20mm.

[0009] If the sand-based water-permeable surface layer comprises a double-layer combination of an organic water-permeable sand base and an inorganic water-permeable sand base, the thickness of the organic water-permeable sand base ranges from 3 mm to 5 mm, and the thickness of the inorganic water-permeable sand base ranges from 10 mm to 20 mm.

[0010] In one specific embodiment, the sand-based water-permeable surface layer comprises a high-strength sand-based water-permeable pavement layer, and the concrete water-permeable inner layer comprises a UHPC high-strength lightweight water-permeable concrete layer, and the thickness of the UHPC high-strength lightweight water-permeable concrete layer ranges from 100 mm to 200 mm.

[0011] In one specific embodiment, a gravel cushion layer is further included, which is arranged below the concrete water-permeable inner layer, and the thickness of the sand-based water-permeable surface layer is lower than that of the gravel cushion layer; the gravel cushion layer comprises a graded gravel cushion layer, and the thickness of the graded gravel cushion layer ranges from 140 mm to 160 mm.

[0012] In one specific embodiment, a soil base layer is further included, which is arranged below the gravel cushion layer; the soil base layer comprises a collapsible loess layer, and the compaction degree of the collapsible loess layer is not less than 90%.

[0013] In one specific embodiment, the side of the sand-based water-permeable surface layer away from the concrete water-permeable inner layer is provided with anti-slip lines.

[0014] In one specific embodiment, the anti-slip lines comprise one or more combinations of staggered brick lines, pitted lines, and cross lines.

[0015] In one specific embodiment, the soil base layer comprises a soil bottom layer and a waterproof layer, the waterproof layer is arranged above the soil bottom layer, and the gravel cushion layer is arranged above the waterproof layer.

[0016] The waterproof layer comprises a waterproof geotextile layer.

[0017] In one specific embodiment, the bending strength of the sand-based water-permeable surface layer is not less than 3 MPa, the bending strength of the concrete water-permeable inner layer ranges from not less than 2.5 MPa, and the compressive strength of the concrete water-permeable inner layer ranges from not less than 10 MPa.

[0018] In one specific embodiment, the water permeability coefficient of the organic water-permeable sand base is not less than 1.0*10-2 cm / s, the water permeability coefficient of the inorganic water-permeable sand base is not less than 2.0*10-2 cm / s, the porosity of the concrete water-permeable inner layer ranges from 50% to 70%, the water storage capacity of the concrete water-permeable inner layer ranges from 600 L / m3 to 800 L / m3, and the porosity of the gravel cushion layer ranges from 10% to 30%.

[0019] Beneficial effects: the utility model discloses a sand base water-permeable surface layer and concrete water-permeable inner layer jointly constitute terrace structure, make rainwater can be infiltrated through the road surface structure, and store in high-strength light water-permeable concrete, let the sponge paving truly have " store " function, and these saved rainwater is released to the air through the mode of evaporation when the weather is fine, can reach the cooling effect, has good effect to the alleviation urban heat island effect. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0020] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical scheme of the embodiment of the utility model, the following will be briefly introduced to the drawing needed to be used in the embodiment, and should understand, the following drawings only show some embodiments of the utility model, therefore should not be regarded as the limitation to the range, for the ordinary skilled person in the art, under the premise of not paying the creative labor, still can obtain other related drawings according to these drawings.

[0021] Figure 1 It is the three-dimensional structure schematic diagram of the utility model;

[0022] Figure 2 It is the crushed stone cushion three-dimensional structure schematic diagram of the utility model;

[0023] Figure 3 It is the three-dimensional structure section view of the utility model;

[0024] Figure 4 It is the explosive structure schematic diagram of the utility model;

[0025] Figure 5 It is the terrace structure appearance schematic diagram of the utility model;

[0026] Figure 6 It is the sand base water-permeable surface layer of the utility model for organic water-permeable sand base single-layer structure schematic diagram;

[0027] Figure 7 It is the sand base water-permeable surface layer of the utility model for inorganic water-permeable sand base single-layer structure schematic diagram;

[0028] Figure 8 It is the sand base water-permeable surface layer of the utility model for organic water-permeable sand base and inorganic water-permeable sand base double combination structure schematic diagram.

[0029] The reference signs are as follows: 1-sand base water-permeable surface layer;1a-organic water-permeable sand base;1b-inorganic water-permeable sand base;2-concrete water-permeable inner layer;3-crushed stone cushion;4-soil base. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0030] The concept, specific structure, and technical effects of the present application will be described clearly and completely in conjunction with the embodiments and drawings below, so as to fully understand the purpose, features, and effects of the present application.

[0031] In the following, various embodiments of the present application will be described more fully. The present application can have various embodiments, and adjustments and changes can be made therein. However, it should be understood that there is no intention to limit various embodiments of the present application to the specific embodiments disclosed herein, but the present application should be understood to cover all adjustments, equivalents, and / or alternatives falling within the spirit and scope of various embodiments of the present application.

[0032] In the following, the term "include" or "may include" used in various embodiments of the present application indicates the presence of the disclosed functions, operations, or elements, and does not limit the addition of one or more functions, operations, or elements. In addition, as used in various embodiments of the present application, the terms "include", "have", and their synonyms only mean to indicate the presence of a specific feature, number, step, operation, element, component, or combination of the foregoing, and should not be understood as first excluding the presence or addition of one or more other features, numbers, steps, operations, elements, components, or combinations of the foregoing, or the possibility of adding one or more features, numbers, steps, operations, elements, components, or combinations of the foregoing.

[0033] In various embodiments of the present application, the expression "or" or "at least one of A or / and B" includes any combination of the listed terms or all combinations thereof. For example, the expression "A or B" or "at least one of A or / and B" can include A, can include B, or can include both A and B.

[0034] The expressions (such as "first", "second", etc.) used in various embodiments of the present application can modify various constituent elements in various embodiments, but can not limit the corresponding constituent elements. For example, the above expressions do not limit the order and / or importance of the elements. The above expressions are only for the purpose of distinguishing one element from other elements. For example, the first user device and the second user device indicate different user devices, although both are user devices. For example, without departing from the scope of various embodiments of the present application, a first element can be referred to as a second element, and likewise, a second element can be referred to as a first element.

[0035] It should be noted that in the present application, unless otherwise specified and defined, the terms such as "mounting", "connecting", "fixing" should be understood in a broad sense, for example, it can be fixedly connected, or it can be detachably connected, or it can be integrally connected; it can be mechanically connected, or it can be electrically connected; it can be directly connected, or it can be indirectly connected through an intermediate medium; it can be the communication inside two elements. For ordinary skilled in the art, the specific meaning of the above terms in the present application can be understood according to the specific circumstances.

[0036] In the present application, it is understood by those skilled in the art that the terms indicating the orientation or position relationship herein are based on the orientation or position relationship shown in the drawings, which is only for the convenience of describing the present application and simplifying the description, and is not intended to indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore cannot be understood as a limitation on the present application.

[0037] The terms used in various embodiments of the present application are only for the purpose of describing specific embodiments and are not intended to limit various embodiments of the present application. As used herein, the singular form is intended to include the plural form unless the context clearly indicates otherwise. Unless otherwise defined, all terms (including technical and scientific terms) used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by those skilled in the art to which various embodiments of the present application belong. The terms (such as those defined in a generally used dictionary) will be interpreted to have the same meaning as the contextual meaning in the relevant technical field and will not be interpreted to have an idealized meaning or an overly formal meaning, unless clearly defined in various embodiments of the present application.

[0038] Embodiment one

[0039] In this embodiment, the sand-based water-permeable surface layer and the concrete water-permeable inner layer jointly constitute the floor structure, so that rainwater can infiltrate through the pavement structure and be stored in the high-strength lightweight water-permeable concrete, so that the sponge pavement truly has the function of "storage"; and the saved rainwater is released into the air through evaporation when it is sunny, which can achieve the effect of cooling and has good effect on relieving urban heat island effect.

[0040] A floor structure, as shown in the accompanying drawings, Figure 1 The sand-based water-permeable surface layer 1 is arranged above the concrete water-permeable inner layer 2; the thickness of the sand-based water-permeable surface layer 1 is lower than the thickness of the concrete water-permeable inner layer 2; the bending strength of the sand-based water-permeable surface layer 1 is greater than the bending strength of the concrete water-permeable inner layer 2.

[0041] The embodiment provides a floor structure, aiming to improve the water permeability of the ground, enhance the structural stability, and take into account the durability and environmental protection, which is ingenious and hierarchical in design.

[0042] Specifically, the floor structure is constructed by two parts, from bottom to top, a concrete water-permeable inner layer 2 and a sand-based water-permeable surface layer 1. This hierarchical design greatly improves the permeability of the ground water, helps to reduce the pressure on the urban drainage system, and promotes the natural replenishment of groundwater resources.

[0043] In practical application, the embodiment can be used to transform the existing floor to reduce the pressure on the urban drainage system. The concrete water-permeable inner layer 2 serves as a transition layer connecting the existing floor and the sand-based water-permeable surface layer 1. The concrete water-permeable inner layer 2 uses a special ratio of water-permeable concrete material to achieve good water permeability while ensuring structural strength. The thickness design is moderate, meeting the bearing requirements and taking into account the cost-effectiveness.

[0044] The sand-based water-permeable surface layer 1, as the layer directly in contact with the external environment, uses high-strength and high-water-permeability sand-based material, which is specially treated to enhance its bending strength and wear resistance. In practical application, anti-skid lines, coloring layers and the like can be added to the sand-based water-permeable surface layer 1, not only ensuring that the ground water can quickly penetrate to the lower layer, but also improving the anti-skid performance and aesthetics of the floor. In addition, the bending strength of the sand-based water-permeable surface layer 1 is greater than that of the concrete water-permeable inner layer 2, which means that the surface layer can more effectively resist damage when facing external impact or heavy load, prolonging the service life of the entire floor.

[0045] In one specific embodiment, the sand-based water-permeable surface layer 1 includes a high-strength sand-based water-permeable floor layer, and the sand-based water-permeable surface layer 1 includes an organic water-permeable sand-based layer 1a single layer, an inorganic water-permeable sand-based layer 1b single layer, or an organic water-permeable sand-based layer 1a and an inorganic water-permeable sand-based layer 1b double-layer combination:

[0046] If the sand-based water-permeable surface layer 1 includes the organic water-permeable sand-based layer 1a single layer, the thickness of the organic water-permeable sand-based layer 1a single layer ranges from 3mm to 10mm;

[0047] If the sand-based water-permeable surface layer 1 includes the inorganic water-permeable sand-based layer 1b single layer, the thickness of the inorganic water-permeable sand-based layer 1b single layer ranges from 10mm to 20mm;

[0048] If the sand-based water-permeable surface layer 1 includes the organic water-permeable sand-based layer 1a and the inorganic water-permeable sand-based layer 1b double-layer combination, the thickness of the organic water-permeable sand-based layer 1a ranges from 3mm to 5mm, and the thickness of the inorganic water-permeable sand-based layer 1b ranges from 10mm to 20mm.

[0049] Specifically, the sand-based permeable surface layer 1 is composed of a high-strength sand-based permeable terrace layer. The high-strength sand-based permeable terrace is a new type of ground paving material with the characteristics of water permeability, air permeability, pressure resistance, wear resistance, flood prevention, and slip resistance. It has a smooth surface and good anti-clogging performance, and is an energy-saving product that is beneficial to ecological environmental protection. This terrace layer uses advanced sand-based material technology, which is scientifically proportioned and processed by special technology, so that it not only has excellent water permeability, but also has excellent strength and durability while maintaining light weight.

[0050] Further, the sand-based permeable surface layer 1 combines organic and inorganic permeable sand bases. The organic permeable sand base, as part of the surface layer, uses environmentally friendly and biodegradable natural or synthetic organic materials as the matrix and mixes in an appropriate amount of fine particulate matter to optimize its pore structure. The organic permeable sand base can effectively absorb and slowly release water, while having good biocompatibility, which is conducive to plant growth and microbial activity, promoting the benign cycle of the surface ecology. The inorganic permeable sand base is mainly composed of large-particle inorganic particles (such as quartz sand and ceramic particles), which mainly provide strong support and higher water permeability capacity to ensure that a large amount of rainwater can quickly and smoothly penetrate into the ground. The structural design of the inorganic permeable sand base is conducive to forming a continuous water permeable channel, reducing the risk of blockage, and maintaining long-term water permeability. In addition, its good thermal and chemical stability ensures long-term durability of the material under different environmental conditions.

[0051] In actual application, as shown in the attached drawings Figure 6 -attached drawings Figure 8 The sand-based permeable surface layer 1 includes an organic permeable sand base 1a single layer, an inorganic permeable sand base 1b single layer, or an organic permeable sand base 1a and an inorganic permeable sand base 1b double-layer combination.

[0052] When the sand-based permeable surface layer 1 is an organic permeable sand base 1a single layer, the thickness of this layer is set in the range of 3mm to 10mm, which can ensure sufficient water permeability and maintain the stability and durability of the structure.

[0053] If the inorganic permeable sand base 1b single layer is selected as the composition, its thickness range is set to 10mm to 20mm. This relatively thick layer design aims to utilize its good mechanical properties and long-term stability to ensure that the water permeable layer can still maintain excellent water permeability when subjected to various loads.

[0054] For the double-layer structure combining the organic pervious sand base 1a and the inorganic pervious sand base 1b, the thickness of the organic pervious sand base 1a is controlled between 3mm to 5mm, mainly playing a role of preliminary filtration and enhancing the perviousness; while the inorganic pervious sand base 1b serves as the lower layer, with the thickness range kept between 10mm to 20mm, to provide structural support and long-term pervious stability. Such a double-layer design not only optimizes the perviousness, but also improves the comprehensive performance and service life of the entire pervious surface layer of the sand base.

[0055] In practical applications, the thickness of the organic pervious sand base 1a and the inorganic pervious sand base 1b can also be appropriately adjusted according to actual needs.

[0056] In one specific embodiment, the concrete pervious inner layer 2 includes a UHPC high-strength lightweight pervious concrete layer, and the thickness of the UHPC high-strength lightweight pervious concrete layer ranges from 100mm to 200mm. In this embodiment, the concrete pervious inner layer 2, as a key component in the floor structure, adopts a UHPC high-strength lightweight pervious concrete layer as its core material. This innovative material selection not only gives the pervious inner layer sufficient structural strength and durability, but also ingeniously integrates the perviousness, enabling the entire floor structure to maintain strong bearing capacity while effectively promoting the natural infiltration of surface water.

[0057] UHPC is a new type of building material with extremely high strength, high toughness and durability. The performance of UHPC far exceeds that of traditional concrete, with a compressive strength usually exceeding 150MPa, and some even reaching more than 800MPa, several times or even higher than that of ordinary concrete. In addition, UHPC also has good durability, impermeability, freeze-thaw resistance and wear resistance, etc. The preparation of UHPC usually requires the use of high-activity silica fume, ultra-fine cement, etc. as cementitious materials, and the addition of appropriate additives to improve its mechanical properties and durability. Its water-cement ratio is extremely low, and the porosity is small, so it has extremely high density and strength, and adopts fine aggregate gradation, efficient additives and advanced mixing and molding technology, so that the concrete maintains high strength while forming small interconnected pores inside, thereby realizing good perviousness.

[0058] Further, the thickness of the UHPC high-strength lightweight pervious concrete layer is carefully set in the range of 100mm to 200mm. This thickness range is determined based on a comprehensive consideration of factors such as structural bearing capacity, water permeability efficiency, construction cost and material performance. A thicker layer thickness can ensure that the water-permeable inner layer has sufficient rigidity and stability to resist the load and deformation from the upper structure; at the same time, a suitable thickness can also ensure the full play of the water permeability performance, so that the surface water such as rainwater can quickly and uniformly penetrate to the lower layer, reduce surface water accumulation, and improve the urban microclimate. In actual application, the thickness of the concrete water-permeable inner layer 2 can also be appropriately adjusted according to actual needs.

[0059] In one specific embodiment, as shown in FIG. 1, the sand-based water-permeable surface layer 1 is further provided with a concrete water-permeable inner layer 2, which is arranged below the sand-based water-permeable surface layer 1, and the thickness of the concrete water-permeable inner layer 2 is less than the thickness of the sand-based water-permeable surface layer 1. In actual application, the sand-based water-permeable surface layer 1 can be used as a new building floor, and the concrete water-permeable inner layer 2 is arranged below the sand-based water-permeable surface layer 1. The concrete water-permeable inner layer 2 is made of concrete material with appropriate particle size and good gradation, and through reasonable laying thickness and compaction process, a good drainage channel and stress buffer layer are formed. This design not only enhances the water permeability of the floor, but also effectively disperses the upper load, reduces the foundation settlement, and improves the durability of the floor. Figure 2 Figure 3 As shown in FIG. 1, the sand-based water-permeable surface layer 1 is further provided with a gravel cushion layer 3, which is arranged below the concrete water-permeable inner layer 2, and the thickness of the sand-based water-permeable surface layer 1 is less than the thickness of the gravel cushion layer 3. The gravel cushion layer 3 includes a graded gravel cushion layer 3, and the thickness of the graded gravel cushion layer 3 ranges from 140mm to 160mm. In actual application, the sand-based water-permeable surface layer 1 can be used as a new building floor, and the gravel cushion layer 3 is arranged below the concrete water-permeable inner layer 2. The gravel cushion layer 3 is made of gravel material with appropriate particle size and good gradation, and through reasonable laying thickness and compaction process, a good drainage channel and stress buffer layer are formed. This design not only enhances the water permeability of the floor, but also effectively disperses the upper load, reduces the foundation settlement, and improves the durability of the floor.

[0060] The gravel cushion layer 3 as a key transition layer in the floor structure adopts a graded gravel cushion layer as its core structure. The graded gravel cushion layer is formed by carefully selecting and proportioning gravel particles of different particle sizes, which forms a gravel layer with good gradation relationship. This design not only ensures the high strength and stability of the gravel cushion layer, but also optimizes its water permeability, providing a good drainage and support for the entire floor structure.

[0061] Specifically, the thickness of the graded gravel cushion layer 3 is accurately set in the range of 140mm to 160mm. This thickness range is determined based on a comprehensive evaluation of factors such as foundation bearing capacity, drainage demand, construction cost and subsequent material properties of each layer. A thicker gravel cushion layer can effectively disperse the upper load, reduce the foundation settlement, and improve the overall stability of the floor structure; at the same time, a suitable thickness also ensures that there is enough space inside the gravel layer to form a drainage channel, so that surface water can quickly penetrate and drain to the lower layer, avoiding the occurrence of water accumulation. In actual application, the thickness of the graded gravel cushion layer 3 can also be appropriately adjusted according to actual needs. In addition, in order to further improve the water permeability of the gravel cushion layer, a suitable drainage slope or additional drainage ditch can be provided on its surface to guide the rapid drainage of water flow. ​

[0062] In one embodiment, as shown in FIG. 1, the concrete water-permeable inner layer 2 is provided with a plurality of water-permeable holes 21. In order to further improve the water permeability of the concrete water-permeable inner layer 2, the concrete water-permeable inner layer 2 of the present embodiment is provided with a plurality of water-permeable holes 21. The water-permeable holes 21 are evenly distributed on the surface of the concrete water-permeable inner layer 2, and the water-permeable holes 21 are arranged in a staggered manner. The water-permeable holes 21 are arranged in a staggered manner, which can effectively prevent the water from flowing out of the water-permeable holes 21 and ensure the water permeability of the concrete water-permeable inner layer 2. In addition, the water-permeable holes 21 are evenly distributed on the surface of the concrete water-permeable inner layer 2, which can effectively prevent the water from flowing out of the water-permeable holes 21 and ensure the water permeability of the concrete water-permeable inner layer 2. Figure 4 In one embodiment, as shown in FIG. 1, the concrete water-permeable inner layer 2 is provided with a plurality of water-permeable holes 21. In order to further improve the water permeability of the concrete water-permeable inner layer 2, the concrete water-permeable inner layer 2 of the present embodiment is provided with a plurality of water-permeable holes 21. The water-permeable holes 21 are evenly distributed on the surface of the concrete water-permeable inner layer 2, and the water-permeable holes 21 are arranged in a staggered manner. The water-permeable holes 21 are arranged in a staggered manner, which can effectively prevent the water from flowing out of the water-permeable holes 21 and ensure the water permeability of the concrete water-permeable inner layer 2. In addition, the water-permeable holes 21 are evenly distributed on the surface of the concrete water-permeable inner layer 2, which can effectively prevent the water from flowing out of the water-permeable holes 21 and ensure the water permeability of the concrete water-permeable inner layer 2. Figure 5 In one embodiment, as shown in FIG. 1, the concrete water-permeable inner layer 2 is provided with a plurality of water-permeable holes 21. In order to further improve the water permeability of the concrete water-permeable inner layer 2, the concrete water-permeable inner layer 2 of the present embodiment is provided with a plurality of water-permeable holes 21. The water-permeable holes 21 are evenly distributed on the surface of the concrete water-permeable inner layer 2, and the water-permeable holes 21 are arranged in a staggered manner. The water-permeable holes 21 are arranged in a staggered manner, which can effectively prevent the water from flowing out of the water-permeable holes 21 and ensure the water permeability of the concrete water-permeable inner layer 2. In addition, the water-permeable holes 21 are evenly distributed on the surface of the concrete water-permeable inner layer 2, which can effectively prevent the water from flowing out of the water-permeable holes 21 and ensure the water permeability of the concrete water-permeable inner layer 2.

[0063] In one embodiment, the collapsible loess layer is strictly compacted to meet specific engineering requirements. Specifically, the compactness of the collapsible loess layer is set to be not less than 90%. The increase in compactness means that the voids between soil particles are effectively compressed, and the soil becomes more compact and firm, thereby being able to resist greater external loads and reduce subsidence caused by changes in moisture. Not only does it improve the bearing capacity and stability of the foundation, but it also reduces structural damage and safety risks caused by foundation subsidence, providing a solid foundation for the long-term stable operation of the floor structure.

[0064] In one embodiment, the sand-based water-permeable surface layer 1 is provided with anti-slip lines on the side away from the concrete water-permeable inner layer 2. In order to further improve the safety and comfort of the sand-based water-permeable surface layer 1, the present embodiment is provided with anti-slip lines on the surface away from the concrete water-permeable inner layer 2 (i.e. the side facing the user). In the case of wet or water accumulation, the anti-slip lines can effectively disperse the water flow, reduce the formation of water film, and reduce the risk of slipping.

[0065] In one embodiment, the anti-slip lines include one or more combinations of staggered brick lines, rough surface lines, and cross lines. Specifically, the anti-slip design of the sand-based water-permeable surface layer 1 exhibits high flexibility and practicality. In order to ensure excellent anti-slip performance in various weather and use conditions, the present embodiment uses one or more combinations of staggered brick lines, rough surface lines, and cross lines to form the anti-slip lines.

[0066] The staggered brick pattern is a texture design that simulates the effect of traditional brick paving. By forming rows of parallel concave and convex lines on the surface, it creates a visual and tactile effect similar to brick joints. This design not only looks elegant and sophisticated, but also effectively increases the coefficient of friction of the surface, especially in rainy or humid environments, reducing the formation of water films and providing stable grip; the matte texture is a more delicate and uniform anti-slip treatment. By randomly distributing tiny bumps or pits on the surface, it forms a rough texture similar to that of linen. This texture design can increase the contact area between the surface and the sole or tire, thereby improving the anti-slip effect. At the same time, the matte texture also has certain drainage performance, which can quickly guide the accumulated water to the water-permeable layer, keeping the surface dry; the cross pattern is an anti-slip design that combines aesthetics and functionality. Based on intersecting straight or diagonal lines, it forms a pattern similar to a grid or cross. This design not only has a unique visual effect, but also provides stable anti-slip performance in multiple directions, adapting to the needs of movement in different directions. In wet and slippery conditions, the cross pattern can effectively disperse water flow and reduce the impact of water films on anti-slip performance.

[0067] In specific implementations, these anti-slip patterns can be flexibly selected and combined according to the specific use, use environment, and aesthetic needs of the terrace structure. For example, in densely populated commercial streets or public squares, a combination of staggered brick patterns and matte textures can be used for both aesthetics and functionality; while in parking lots or roads where vehicles need to frequently drive, cross patterns or enhanced matte textures can be selected to provide better anti-slip performance and wear resistance. In summary, by using one or more combinations of staggered brick patterns, matte textures, and cross patterns to form anti-slip patterns, the sand-based water-permeable surface 1 not only provides excellent anti-slip performance in various weather and use conditions, but also meets different aesthetic and functional needs, providing users with a safer, more comfortable, and more beautiful experience.

[0068] In one specific embodiment, the soil base layer 4 includes a soil bottom layer and a waterproof layer, the waterproof layer being arranged above the soil bottom layer, and the gravel cushion layer 3 being arranged above the waterproof layer;

[0069] The waterproof layer includes a waterproof geotextile layer.

[0070] In this embodiment, the soil base layer 4 includes a soil bottom layer and a waterproof layer, which aims to provide a stable load-bearing foundation while effectively preventing water penetration. The main purpose of the waterproof layer is to block the penetration path of water into the structure, preventing the softening, settlement, or damage of the upper structure caused by water accumulation. Specifically, the waterproof layer is designed with a high-performance waterproof material, the waterproof geotextile layer. The waterproof geotextile layer not only has excellent waterproof performance, effectively resisting the penetration of various water sources, but also has good tensile strength, ductility, and aging resistance, ensuring stable waterproof effect during long-term use.

[0071] In one embodiment, the flexural strength of the sand-based pervious surface layer 1 is not less than 3 MPa; the flexural strength of the concrete pervious sub-layer 2 is not less than 2.5 MPa, and the compressive strength of the concrete pervious sub-layer 2 is not less than 10 MPa.

[0072] In this embodiment, the flexural strength of the sand-based pervious surface layer 1 is not less than 3 MPa. This means that when subjected to vehicle loads, pedestrian activities and environmental factors, the sand-based pervious surface layer 1 can maintain sufficient strength to effectively resist damage caused by bending stress, thereby prolonging the service life of the structure. At the same time, the concrete pervious sub-layer 2 as a supporting layer below the sand-based pervious surface layer 1 has a flexural strength of not less than 2.5 MPa. This design takes into account the auxiliary role of the sub-layer in the structure, which is mainly responsible for dispersing the load transmitted by the upper layer to deeper soil layers, while maintaining certain water permeability to assist drainage, ensuring the stability and safety of the overall structure. Further, the compressive strength of the concrete pervious sub-layer 2 is not less than 10 MPa. This strong compressive capacity ensures that the concrete pervious sub-layer 2 can stably support the entire structure when subjected to pressure from above and around, preventing deformation or damage due to compression, and ensuring the stability and safety of the entire pervious system.

[0073] In one embodiment, the permeability coefficient of the organic pervious sand-based layer is not less than 1.0*10-2cm / s, and the permeability coefficient of the inorganic pervious sand-based layer is not less than 2.0*10-2cm / s; the porosity of the concrete pervious sub-layer 2 is in the range of 50%-70%, and the water storage capacity of the concrete pervious sub-layer 2 is in the range of 600L / m3-800L / m3; the porosity of the gravel cushion layer 3 is in the range of 10%-30%.

[0074] In the embodiment, the permeable coefficient of the organic permeable sand base is set to be not less than 1.0*10-2 cm / s, and the permeable coefficient of the inorganic permeable sand base is set to be not less than 2.0*10-2 cm / s, which ensures that rainwater can quickly penetrate through, effectively reduces surface runoff, and promotes the recovery of the underground water level; the concrete permeable inner layer 2 not only bears the supporting role but also has good permeability, and the porosity thereof is in the range of 50% to 70%, which not only provides sufficient channels for water penetration but also helps to reduce the material density and reduce the structure weight. Meanwhile, the high porosity means that more space can store water, so the water storage capacity of the concrete permeable inner layer 2 is set to be in the range of 600L / m3 to 800L / m3, which is of great significance for regulating surface water circulation and supplementing underground water; the gravel cushion 3 as the bottom layer of the structure has a porosity in the range of 10%-30%. The wide porosity range reflects the multifunctionality of the gravel cushion in drainage and support. The gravel cushion is formed by the accumulation of large particles of aggregate to form large voids, which provide a rapid downward infiltration channel for water, effectively reduce the underground water level and reduce the foundation problems caused by water accumulation. Meanwhile, the gravel cushion also serves as a solid support for the upper structure, and the high porosity design helps to disperse and transfer the load and enhance the stability of the overall structure.

[0075] The sand base permeable surface layer and the concrete permeable inner layer jointly constitute the floor structure, so that rainwater can infiltrate through the pavement structure and be stored in the high-strength lightweight permeable concrete, so that the sponge pavement truly has the function of "storage"; and the saved rainwater is released into the air through evaporation when it is sunny, which can achieve the effect of cooling and has good effect on relieving urban heat island effect.

[0076] The above is a specific description of the preferred implementation of the utility model, but the utility model is not limited to the embodiments, and those skilled in the art can make various equivalent modifications or replacements without departing from the spirit of the utility model, and these equivalent modifications or replacements are all included in the range defined by the claims of the present application.

Claims

1. A floor structure, characterized in that, It includes a sand-based permeable surface layer and a concrete permeable inner layer; the sand-based permeable surface layer is disposed above the concrete permeable inner layer; the thickness of the sand-based permeable surface layer is less than the thickness of the concrete permeable inner layer; the flexural strength of the sand-based permeable surface layer is greater than the flexural strength of the concrete permeable inner layer.

2. The floor structure according to claim 1, characterized in that, The sand-based permeable surface layer includes a single layer of organic permeable sand, a single layer of inorganic permeable sand, or a combination of two layers: organic permeable sand and inorganic permeable sand. If the sand-based permeable surface layer includes an organic permeable sand-based monolayer, the thickness of the organic permeable sand-based monolayer ranges from 3mm to 10mm. If the sand-based permeable surface layer includes an inorganic permeable sand-based monolayer, the thickness of the inorganic permeable sand-based monolayer ranges from 10mm to 20mm. If the sand-based permeable surface layer comprises a double-layer composite of organic permeable sand base and inorganic permeable sand base, the thickness of the organic permeable sand base ranges from 3mm to 5mm, and the thickness of the inorganic permeable sand base ranges from 10mm to 20mm.

3. The floor structure according to claim 1, characterized in that, The sand-based permeable surface layer includes a high-strength sand-based permeable pavement layer; the concrete permeable inner layer includes a UHPC high-strength lightweight permeable concrete layer, the thickness of which ranges from 100mm to 200mm.

4. A floor structure according to claim 2, characterized in that, It also includes a crushed stone cushion layer, which is disposed below the permeable concrete inner layer, and the thickness of the sand-based permeable outer layer is lower than the thickness of the crushed stone cushion layer; the crushed stone cushion layer includes a graded crushed stone cushion layer, and the thickness of the graded crushed stone cushion layer ranges from 140mm to 160mm.

5. A floor structure according to claim 4, characterized in that, It also includes a subgrade soil layer, which is located below the crushed stone cushion layer; the subgrade soil layer includes a collapsible loess layer, and the compaction degree of the collapsible loess layer is not less than 90%.

6. A floor structure according to claim 1, characterized in that, The side of the sand-based permeable surface layer away from the concrete permeable inner layer is provided with anti-slip texture.

7. A floor structure according to claim 6, characterized in that, The anti-slip texture includes one or more combinations of alternating brick patterns, rough textures, and cross patterns.

8. A floor structure according to claim 5, characterized in that, The subgrade includes a subgrade and a waterproof layer, with the waterproof layer positioned above the subgrade and the gravel cushion layer positioned above the waterproof layer. The waterproof layer includes a waterproof geotextile layer.

9. A floor structure according to claim 1, characterized in that, The flexural strength of the sand-based permeable surface layer is not less than 3 MPa; the flexural strength of the concrete permeable inner layer is not less than 2.5 MPa; and the compressive strength of the concrete permeable inner layer is not less than 10 MPa.

10. A floor structure according to claim 4, characterized in that, The permeability coefficient of the organic permeable sand base includes not less than 1.0*10. -2 The permeability coefficient of the inorganic permeable sand matrix is ​​not less than 2.0*10 cm / s. -2 cm / s; the porosity of the permeable concrete inner layer ranges from 50% to 70%, and the water storage capacity of the permeable concrete inner layer ranges from 600L / m3 to 800L / m3; the porosity of the crushed stone cushion layer ranges from 10% to 30%.

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