Novel basement waterproof protection heat preservation structure

Abstract

The utility model discloses a novel basement waterproof protection heat preservation structure, which belongs to the technical field of building construction and comprises a reinforced concrete wall body, and a plastering mortar leveling layer, a waterproof layer, a heat preservation layer and a backfill material layer are sequentially arranged on the outer side of the reinforced concrete wall body. According to the plastering mortar leveling wall, the flatness and the strength of the whole wall can be improved, the firmness of the waterproof roll and the wall is improved, and the waterproof performance is improved; the waterproof layer and the heat preservation integrated plate are bonded through a frame point method, the overall bonding strength is improved, the heat preservation integrated plate is prevented from falling off in the tamping process, and the firmness of the integrated plate is enhanced; the heat preservation integrated plate has a good heat transfer coefficient and impact resistance, damage of stones in rammed earth to the EPS heat preservation plate can be effectively relieved in the tamping process, and the EPS better plays a heat preservation and insulation role; the board joints are filled with polystyrene foam, so that the board joints have heat preservation and heat insulation effects, the heat preservation boards are bonded into a whole, cracking is prevented, and the integrity and strength of the whole wall are enhanced.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of building construction technology, and in particular to a novel waterproof, protective and heat-insulating structure for basements. Background Technology

[0002] With the continuous development of the construction industry and the advancement of building intelligence, the demand for maximizing the utilization of space is also changing, especially for underground engineering space. The current practices for waterproofing layer protection and basement thermal insulation construction (concealed works) in building engineering are shown in Table 1:

[0003] Table 1. Construction details for the exterior of the basement's exterior wall at the soil-exposed section.

[0004]

[0005] The above-mentioned structure has the following shortcomings: ordinary bonding mortar provides weak adhesion between extruded polystyrene (XPS) boards and waterproof membranes, making them prone to slippage; during compaction, XPS boards frequently break and detach, potentially damaging the waterproof layer, making repairs extremely labor-intensive and time-consuming; and the gaps in the XPS boards are not treated, resulting in poor thermal insulation performance. There is an urgent need for a new construction structure that can effectively protect the waterproof layer of underground projects while enhancing the thermal insulation performance of basements. Utility Model Content

[0006] The purpose of this utility model is to provide a new type of waterproof, protective and thermal insulation structure for basements, which solves the problems of weak adhesion between ordinary bonding mortar and extruded polystyrene board and waterproof membrane in the prior art, which makes it very easy to slip off; frequent damage and detachment of extruded polystyrene board during the compaction process, which may also damage the waterproof layer, and repair is very labor-intensive; and poor thermal insulation performance due to untreated gaps in the extruded polystyrene board.

[0007] To solve the above-mentioned technical problems, the present invention adopts the following technical solution:

[0008] This utility model discloses a novel waterproof, protective, and heat-insulating structure for basements, comprising a reinforced concrete wall, a leveling layer of plastering mortar on the outer side of the reinforced concrete wall, a waterproof layer on the outer side of the leveling layer of plastering mortar, a heat-insulating layer on the outer side of the waterproof layer, and a backfill material layer on the outer side of the heat-insulating layer.

[0009] Furthermore, the insulation layer includes an integrated insulation panel, which is set on the outside of the waterproof layer by bonding mortar. Foaming adhesive is provided at the gap between two adjacent integrated insulation panels, and a leveling layer of plastering mortar is provided on the outside of the foaming adhesive.

[0010] Furthermore, the leveling layer for the gaps in the plastering mortar includes a first leveling layer and a second leveling layer. The first leveling layer is disposed on the outside of the expanding foam, and a mesh cloth is disposed on the outside of the first leveling layer. The second leveling layer is disposed on the outside of the mesh cloth.

[0011] Furthermore, both the first leveling layer and the second leveling layer are made of crack-resistant mortar.

[0012] Furthermore, the leveling layer of the plastering mortar is made of tailings plastering mortar.

[0013] Furthermore, the waterproof layer includes a high-adhesion, anti-slip rubber asphalt waterproof coating layer, which is disposed on the outside of the plastering mortar leveling layer, and a self-adhesive waterproof membrane is disposed on the outside of the high-adhesion, anti-slip rubber asphalt waterproof coating layer.

[0014] Furthermore, the integrated insulation panel is integrally formed from EPS + alkali-resistant mesh cloth + composite mortar.

[0015] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial technical effects of this utility model are as follows:

[0016] This utility model is applicable to the field of waterproof layer protection in underground building engineering and concealed works in basement thermal insulation construction; the plastering mortar leveling of the wall can increase the flatness and strength of the entire wall, increase the firmness of the waterproof membrane to the wall, reduce hollowness and cracking of the overall wall surface, reduce the fall-off of the waterproof membrane, and increase waterproof performance; the waterproof layer and the integrated insulation board are bonded using the frame point method, which increases the overall bonding strength, prevents the integrated insulation board from falling off during the compaction process, and enhances the firmness of the integrated board; the integrated insulation board is integrally formed by EPS (expanded polystyrene insulation plastic) + alkali-resistant mesh cloth + composite mortar. The integrated insulation board has a good heat transfer coefficient, of which EPS has a good thermal conductivity, and the composite mortar and alkali-resistant mesh cloth in the integrated insulation base layer have good impact resistance, and the compaction process... The method effectively mitigates the damage to EPS insulation boards caused by stones in rammed earth, allowing EPS to better perform its thermal insulation function. The foam filling of the board joints not only solves the problem of the joints lacking thermal insulation but also leverages its adhesive and flexible properties to bond the insulation boards together seamlessly. It also prevents the composite board base layer from cracking due to collisions and compression during thermal expansion and contraction. The mortar used in construction is prepared using fine tailings sand through precise grading and a new control technology, superior to ordinary mortar on the market. It boasts better adhesion, crack resistance, tensile strength, flexibility, and permeability, providing excellent technical support for this construction structure. The mesh fabric and crack-resistant mortar used in the joint treatment primarily protect the integrity of the foam filler, enhancing the overall integrity and strength of the wall. Attached Figure Description

[0017] The present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0018] Figure 1 This is a cross-sectional view of the novel waterproof, protective, and thermal insulation structure for basements according to this utility model.

[0019] Figure 2 This is a side view of the novel waterproof, protective, and thermal insulation structure for basements according to this utility model.

[0020] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the corner of the novel basement waterproof, protective and heat-insulating structure of this utility model.

[0021] Explanation of reference numerals in the attached diagram: 1. Reinforced concrete wall; 2. Surface mortar leveling layer; 3. Waterproof layer; 4. Adhesive mortar; 5. Integrated insulation board; 6. Expanding foam; 7. Surface mortar gap leveling layer; 8. Backfill material layer. Detailed Implementation

[0022] like Figure 1-3 As shown, a novel waterproof, protective, and thermal insulation structure for basements includes a reinforced concrete wall 1, a plastering mortar leveling layer 2 on the outside of the reinforced concrete wall 1, a waterproof layer 3 on the outside of the plastering mortar leveling layer 2, a thermal insulation layer on the outside of the waterproof layer 3, and a backfill material layer 8 on the outside of the thermal insulation layer.

[0023] The insulation layer includes an integrated insulation panel 5, which is bonded to the outside of the waterproof layer 3 by adhesive mortar 4. Foaming adhesive 6 is provided at the gap between two adjacent integrated insulation panels 5, and a leveling layer 7 of plastering mortar is provided on the outside of the foaming adhesive 6.

[0024] The leveling layer 7 for the gaps in the plastering mortar includes a first leveling layer and a second leveling layer. The first leveling layer is disposed on the outside of the expanding foam 6. A mesh cloth is disposed on the outside of the first leveling layer, and the second leveling layer is disposed on the outside of the mesh cloth.

[0025] Both the first leveling layer and the second leveling layer are made of crack-resistant mortar.

[0026] The leveling layer 2 of the plastering mortar uses tailings plastering mortar.

[0027] The waterproof layer 3 includes a high-adhesion anti-slip rubber asphalt waterproof coating layer, which is disposed on the outside of the plastering mortar leveling layer 2, and a self-adhesive waterproof membrane is disposed on the outside of the high-adhesion anti-slip rubber asphalt waterproof coating layer.

[0028] The integrated insulation panel 5 is integrally formed from EPS + alkali-resistant mesh cloth + composite mortar.

[0029] The construction process of this utility model is as follows:

[0030] Step 1, concrete surface treatment on the exterior of the wall:

[0031] According to building construction specifications, the outer surface of reinforced concrete wall 1 is cleaned;

[0032] Step 2, Tailings surface mortar leveling construction:

[0033] According to the building construction specifications, tailings plastering mortar is used to level the outer surface of the reinforced concrete wall 1, forming a plastering mortar leveling layer 2.

[0034] Step 3, Application of high-viscosity waterproof asphalt membrane:

[0035] According to the building construction specifications, a 1.5mm thick high-adhesion anti-slip rubber asphalt waterproof coating is applied to the leveled wall. A high-adhesion anti-slip rubber asphalt waterproof coating layer is formed on the outside of the plastering mortar leveling layer 2. Then, a 1.5mm thick self-adhesive waterproof membrane is bonded to the outside of the high-adhesion anti-slip rubber asphalt waterproof coating layer.

[0036] Step 4: Centralized cutting and pasting of integrated exterior wall insulation panels:

[0037] According to the requirements of the construction site, the integrated insulation and decoration panels are cut. The cutting size is generally 600×800mm, 600×1200mm or the required size. The internal and external corners are cut at 45° with a marble cutter and then spliced. The integrated insulation panel 5 is bonded to the outside of the waterproof layer 3 using the frame-point method with adhesive mortar 4.

[0038] Step 5, Treatment of joints in integrated insulation panels:

[0039] According to the board gap conditions at the construction site (3mm≤board gap≤6mm), fill with expanding foam 6. After the expanding foam 6 has solidified, clean off any excess (overflowing) expanding foam from the surface.

[0040] Step 6: Applying the leveling layer for gaps in the finishing mortar:

[0041] Apply 1mm of crack-resistant mortar along the joints of the boards to form the first leveling layer. Immediately lay a 100mm wide alkali-resistant mesh on the outside of the first leveling layer, and then level it with crack-resistant mortar. The thickness of the crack-resistant mortar should be ≥3mm to form the second leveling layer. After the crack-resistant mortar dries, backfill material every 300mm and compact it layer by layer to form the backfill material layer 8.

[0042] Advantages of this utility model:

[0043] ① Applying mortar to level the wall can increase the flatness and strength of the entire wall, increase the firmness of the waterproof membrane to the wall, reduce hollowness and cracking of the overall wall surface, reduce the fall-off of the waterproof membrane, and increase waterproof performance.

[0044] ② The waterproof layer and the integrated insulation board are bonded using the frame-point method to increase the overall bonding strength, prevent the integrated insulation board from falling off during the compaction process, and enhance the firmness of the integrated board.

[0045] ③ The integrated insulation board is made of EPS (expanded polystyrene insulation plastic) + alkali-resistant mesh cloth + composite mortar. The integrated insulation board has a good heat transfer coefficient. EPS has a good thermal conductivity. The composite mortar and alkali-resistant mesh cloth in the integrated insulation base layer have good impact resistance. During the compaction process, it can effectively reduce the damage of stones in the rammed soil to the EPS insulation board, allowing EPS to better play its role in heat insulation.

[0046] ④ Filling the gaps between boards with expanding foam not only solves the problem of the gaps not having a thermal insulation function, but also leverages its own adhesive and flexible properties to bond the insulation boards together as a whole. It can also prevent the composite board base layer from being crushed and cracked during the thermal expansion and contraction of the boards due to temperature changes.

[0047] ⑤ The mortar used in the construction process is made from tailings fine sand through fine classification and new control technology. It is superior to ordinary mortar on the market, with better adhesion, crack resistance, tensile strength, flexibility, and permeability, providing good technical support for this construction structure.

[0048] ⑥ The mesh cloth and crack-resistant mortar used for joint treatment mainly protect the integrity of the foam filler and enhance the integrity and strength of the entire wall.

[0049] The embodiments described above are merely preferred embodiments of the present utility model and are not intended to limit the scope of the present utility model. Various modifications and improvements made to the technical solutions of the present utility model by those skilled in the art without departing from the spirit of the present utility model should fall within the protection scope defined by the claims of the present utility model.

Claims

1. A novel waterproof, protective, and thermal insulation structure for basements, comprising reinforced concrete walls (1), characterized in that: The reinforced concrete wall (1) is provided with a plastering mortar leveling layer (2) on the outside, a waterproof layer (3) is provided on the outside of the plastering mortar leveling layer (2), a thermal insulation layer is provided on the outside of the waterproof layer (3), and a backfill material layer (8) is provided on the outside of the thermal insulation layer; the thermal insulation layer includes an integrated thermal insulation board (5), the integrated thermal insulation board (5) is provided on the outside of the waterproof layer (3) by bonding mortar (4), a foaming adhesive (6) is provided at the gap between two adjacent integrated thermal insulation boards (5), and a plastering mortar gap leveling layer (7) is provided on the outside of the foaming adhesive (6).

2. The novel basement waterproof, protective, and thermal insulation structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The leveling layer (7) of the plastering mortar gap includes a first leveling layer and a second leveling layer. The first leveling layer is disposed on the outside of the foam (6). A mesh cloth is disposed on the outside of the first leveling layer, and a second leveling layer is disposed on the outside of the mesh cloth.

3. The novel basement waterproof, protective, and thermal insulation structure according to claim 2, characterized in that: Both the first leveling layer and the second leveling layer are made of crack-resistant mortar.

4. The novel basement waterproof, protective, and thermal insulation structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The leveling layer (2) of the plastering mortar is made of tailings plastering mortar.

5. The novel basement waterproof, protective, and thermal insulation structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The waterproof layer (3) includes a high-viscosity anti-slip rubber asphalt waterproof coating layer, which is disposed on the outside of the plastering mortar leveling layer (2), and a self-adhesive waterproof membrane is disposed on the outside of the high-viscosity anti-slip rubber asphalt waterproof coating layer.

6. The novel basement waterproof, protective, and thermal insulation structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The integrated insulation panel (5) is formed by EPS + alkali-resistant mesh cloth + composite mortar.

Images