Tunnel boring machine (TBM) dust falling device for tunnel inclined shaft

Abstract

The utility model discloses a tunnel inclined shaft TBM dust falling device which comprises a dust removing fan, an air supply mechanism and an exhaust pipe, the air supply mechanism is arranged on a heading machine and used for supplying air into the heading machine, the exhaust pipe is arranged on the heading machine and used for exhausting air in the heading machine, and the dust removing fan is arranged on the exhaust pipe and used for exhausting air in the heading machine. A first spraying mechanism is arranged outside the air supply mechanism on the heading machine, a second spraying mechanism is arranged on the exhaust pipe, and the second spraying mechanism is used for spraying dust into the exhaust pipe. According to the dust falling device of the tunnel inclined shaft heading machine, the second spraying mechanism is arranged on the exhaust pipe, air exhausted from the exhaust pipe can be subjected to dust falling treatment through the second spraying mechanism, the dust falling effect is improved, the air supply mechanism and the first spraying mechanism are both located on the heading machine and can move forwards along with heading of the heading machine, and the dust falling effect is improved. And the arrangement time is reduced. And the air exhausted from the exhaust pipe does not encounter additional hindrance and is not retained in the heading machine during flowing, so that the dust removal effect in the long-time use process can be ensured.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the technical field of dust suppression equipment for tunnel construction, and in particular to a dust suppression device for a TBM (Tunnel Induction Machine) in an inclined shaft. Background Technology

[0002] During tunnel boring machine (TBM) excavation, the cutterhead generates a large amount of dust as it breaks up rock. This dust accumulation inside the TBM poses a serious health risk to workers. To address this issue, Chinese patent document CN106640178B discloses a dust removal system for mining TBMs. This system utilizes a dust removal fan mounted on the TBM's main unit. The fan's rear end is connected to an exhaust duct, which has multiple dust-proof water curtains installed at the exhaust point to reduce the dust content in the exhaust air. The air inlet of the onboard air supply duct is located behind the dust-proof water curtains, supplying fresh air to the TBM to ensure air quality inside. However, this dust removal system still has the following problems:

[0003] (1) For tunnel inclined shaft construction, when the TBM is excavating downwards at an angle, the dust in the air discharged from the exhaust pipe is easily returned to the interior of the TBM under the action of gravity. When the air flow rate discharged from the exhaust pipe is not fast enough, the dust may not even have time to pass through the dustproof water curtain for dust removal before returning to the interior of the TBM, resulting in an increase in the internal dust content.

[0004] (2) The dustproof water curtain is installed on the TBM, which means that every time the TBM advances a certain distance, the dustproof water curtain needs to be rearranged to ensure the dust reduction effect. The arrangement process is time-consuming and labor-intensive.

[0005] (3) The dustproof water curtain consists of an airflow filter and a pneumatic high-pressure spray head. The pneumatic high-pressure spray head is located behind the airflow filter. After long-term use, the airflow filter is prone to blockage, making it difficult for air to be discharged, resulting in a continuous increase in dust concentration inside the TBM and poor dust removal effect during long-term use. Utility Model Content

[0006] The technical problem to be solved by this utility model is to overcome the shortcomings of the prior art and provide a dust suppression device for tunnel inclined shaft TBMs that can improve dust removal effect, reduce dust content inside the TBM, is easy to arrange, and has a good dust removal effect during long-term use.

[0007] To solve the above-mentioned technical problems, the present invention adopts the following technical solution:

[0008] A dust suppression device for a tunnel boring machine (TBM) inclined shaft includes a dust removal fan, an air supply mechanism, and an exhaust pipe. The air supply mechanism is mounted on the TBM and is used to supply air into the TBM. The exhaust pipe is mounted on the TBM and is used to exhaust air from inside the TBM. The dust removal fan is mounted on the exhaust pipe. A first spraying mechanism is provided on the TBM outside the air supply mechanism, and a second spraying mechanism is provided on the exhaust pipe. The second spraying mechanism is used to spray dust into the exhaust pipe.

[0009] As a further improvement to the above technical solution: the first spraying mechanism includes a support assembly, a first spray pipe and a plurality of first nozzles. The support assembly is mounted on the tunneling machine, the first spray pipe is mounted on the support assembly, and each of the first nozzles is mounted on the first spray pipe and arranged at intervals along the length of the first spray pipe. The tunneling machine is equipped with a water supply mechanism, and the first spray pipe is connected to the water supply mechanism.

[0010] As a further improvement to the above technical solution: the support assembly includes multiple telescopic rods, one end of which is mounted on the tunneling machine and the other end extends outward, and the first spray pipe is located at the extended end of each of the telescopic rods.

[0011] As a further improvement to the above technical solution: the first spray pipe is a flexible hose, and each of the telescopic rods is arranged at circumferential intervals around the tunneling machine.

[0012] As a further improvement to the above technical solution: the second spraying mechanism includes a second spraying pipe and a plurality of second nozzles. Each second nozzle is disposed on the exhaust pipe and arranged at intervals along the axial and circumferential directions of the exhaust pipe. Each second nozzle is connected to the water supply mechanism through the second spraying pipe.

[0013] As a further improvement to the above technical solution: the second spray pipe is located outside the exhaust pipe, and the exhaust pipe has multiple arrangement holes, with each of the second nozzles arranged in a corresponding arrangement hole.

[0014] As a further improvement to the above technical solution: both the first nozzle and the second nozzle are atomizing nozzles.

[0015] As a further improvement to the above technical solution: a drainage groove is provided on the inner wall of the exhaust pipe below the second spraying mechanism, a water-blocking part is provided at the end of the drainage groove near the dust removal fan, and a drainage hole is provided on the bottom wall of the drainage groove.

[0016] As a further improvement to the above technical solution: multiple drainage holes are provided.

[0017] As a further improvement to the above technical solution: a dust detector is provided at the air inlet of the air supply mechanism, and a water supply start / stop switch is connected to the water supply mechanism. The dust detector is connected to the water supply start / stop switch.

[0018] Compared with the prior art, the advantages of this utility model are:

[0019] (1) A second spraying mechanism is provided on the exhaust pipe. The second spraying mechanism can spray the exhaust pipe to reduce dust. Since the exhaust pipe is compact, the water sprayed by the second spraying mechanism can fully contact the air in the exhaust pipe and adsorb the dust contained in the air, thereby reducing the concentration of dust in the air discharged from the exhaust pipe. Even when the tunneling machine digs downward and the exhaust pipe discharges air upward, it can still be treated to reduce dust and improve the dust removal effect.

[0020] (2) Both the air supply mechanism and the first spray mechanism are located on the tunneling machine and can move forward together with the tunneling machine, reducing the setup time;

[0021] (3) The air discharged from the exhaust pipe will not encounter additional obstruction and remain inside the tunneling machine when it flows, which is conducive to reducing the dust content inside the tunneling machine. The first spraying mechanism can continuously divide and adsorb the air around the air inlet of the air supply mechanism to reduce dust, which is conducive to ensuring the dust removal effect during long-term use. Attached Figure Description

[0022] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the cross-sectional structure of the TBM dust suppression device for inclined shafts in this utility model.

[0023] Figure 2 yes Figure 1 A magnified structural diagram of part A in the middle.

[0024] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the longitudinal section of the exhaust pipe of the TBM dust suppression device for inclined shaft tunnels of this utility model.

[0025] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the cross-sectional structure of the exhaust pipe of the TBM dust suppression device in the tunnel inclined shaft of this utility model.

[0026] The labels in the diagram represent: 1. Dust removal fan; 2. Air supply mechanism; 3. First spray mechanism; 31. Support assembly; 311. Telescopic rod; 312. Reinforcing rod; 32. First spray pipe; 33. First nozzle; 34. Water supply mechanism; 4. Exhaust pipe; 41. Arrangement hole; 42. Drainage trough; 421. Water blocking part; 43. Drainage hole; 5. Second spray mechanism; 51. Second spray pipe; 52. Second nozzle; 6. Water supply start / stop switch; 10. Tunneling machine. Detailed Implementation

[0027] The present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

[0028] In the description of this utility model, it should be understood that the terms "length", "width", "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", etc., indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings. They are only for the convenience of describing this utility model and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limitations on this utility model.

[0029] In this utility model, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "assembly," "connection," "joining," and "fixing" should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral part; they can refer to a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; they can refer to the internal communication of two components or the interaction between two components. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this utility model according to the specific circumstances.

[0030] Example 1

[0031] Figures 1 to 4 This invention illustrates an embodiment of the dust suppression device for a tunnel inclined shaft TBM. The dust suppression device for a tunnel inclined shaft TBM in this embodiment includes a dust removal fan 1, an air supply mechanism 2, and an exhaust pipe 4. The air supply mechanism 2 is mounted on the tunneling machine 10 and is used to supply air into the tunneling machine 10. The exhaust pipe 4 is mounted on the tunneling machine 10 and is used to exhaust air from inside the tunneling machine 10. The dust removal fan 1 is mounted on the exhaust pipe 4. A first spraying mechanism 3 is mounted on the tunneling machine 10 outside the air supply mechanism 2, and a second spraying mechanism 5 is mounted on the exhaust pipe 4. The second spraying mechanism 5 is used to spray dust into the exhaust pipe 4.

[0032] The dust removal principle of the TBM dust suppression device in this embodiment is as follows: The dust removal fan 1 can absorb the air containing dust inside the tunnel boring machine 10. After the air undergoes the first dust removal inside the dust removal fan 1 (the dust removal fan 1 is a conventional component with dust removal function), it enters the exhaust pipe 4. Then, under the spraying action of the second spraying mechanism 5, the second dust removal is completed, and then it is discharged to the outside of the tunnel boring machine 10. Before the air outside the tunnel boring machine 10 enters the tunnel boring machine 10 through the air supply mechanism 2, the first spraying mechanism 3 will perform a dust removal. That is to say, the air that is constantly circulating inside and outside the tunnel boring machine 10 will undergo three dust removals in each cycle: the dust removal fan 1, the second spraying mechanism 5, and the first spraying mechanism 3.

[0033] The air inlet of the dust collector fan 1 can be located near the cutterhead of the tunneling machine 10 to absorb the dust generated during the tunneling process to the greatest extent. The air outlet of the dust collector fan 1 is connected to the exhaust pipe 4 so that the dust-containing air can be discharged to the outside of the tunneling machine 10 through the exhaust pipe 4 to ensure the cleanliness of the air inside the tunneling machine 10. Of course, in other embodiments, the dust collector fan 1 can also be replaced by an exhaust fan or other exhaust mechanism, as long as it can ensure that the dust-containing air can be discharged to the outside of the tunneling machine 10 through the exhaust pipe 4.

[0034] The dust suppression device for the inclined shaft TBM in this embodiment includes a second spraying mechanism 5 on the exhaust duct 4. This second spraying mechanism 5 sprays water into the exhaust duct 4 to suppress dust. Due to the compact internal space of the exhaust duct 4, the water sprayed by the second spraying mechanism 5 can fully contact the air in the exhaust duct 4, adsorbing the dust contained therein and reducing the concentration of dust in the air discharged from the exhaust duct 4. Even when the tunnel boring machine 10 is digging downwards and the exhaust duct 4 needs to discharge air upwards, the air discharged from the exhaust duct 4 can still be treated for dust suppression, improving the dust removal effect. Both the air supply mechanism 2 and the first spraying mechanism 3 are located on the tunnel boring machine 10 and can move forward with the tunnel boring machine 10 during its excavation, reducing setup time. The air discharged from the exhaust duct 4 does not encounter additional obstructions and remains inside the tunnel boring machine 10, which helps reduce the dust content inside the tunnel boring machine 10. The first spraying mechanism 3 can continuously spray the air around the air inlet of the air supply mechanism 2 to suppress dust, ensuring the dust removal effect during long-term use.

[0035] Furthermore, such as Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, in this embodiment, the first spraying mechanism 3 includes a support assembly 31, a first spray pipe 32, and multiple first nozzles 33. The support assembly 31 is mounted on the tunneling machine 10, the first spray pipe 32 is mounted on the support assembly 31, and each first nozzle 33 is mounted on the first spray pipe 32 and arranged at intervals along the length of the first spray pipe 32. The tunneling machine 10 is equipped with a water supply mechanism 34, and the first spray pipe 32 is connected to the water supply mechanism 34. The water sprayed from each first nozzle 33 forms a water curtain outside the air supply mechanism 2, adsorbing dust in the air outside the air supply mechanism 2, reducing the dust content in the air supplied by the air supply mechanism 2, and helping to ensure the cleanliness of the air inside the tunneling machine 10. Preferably, multiple first spraying mechanisms 3 can be arranged at intervals outside the air supply mechanism 2, further improving the dust removal capacity.

[0036] Furthermore, in this embodiment, the support assembly 31 includes multiple telescopic rods 311, one end of which is mounted on the tunneling machine 10, and the other end extends outward. A first spray pipe 32 is located at the extended end of each telescopic rod 311. Specifically, the telescopic rod 311 can be two movably connected connecting rods, each with an adjustment hole. The length of the telescopic rod 311 is adjusted by tightening bolts into the corresponding adjustment holes on the two connecting rods. The first spray pipe 32 can be tied to the top of the telescopic rod 311 with a rope or fixed to the telescopic rod 311 with a buckle. The telescopic rod 311 can extend and retract to adapt to different tunnel shaft dimensions. The telescopic rod 311 can drive the first nozzles 33 located on the first spray pipe 32 to be as close as possible to the inner wall of the tunnel shaft, increasing the area of ​​the water curtain and improving the dust removal effect of the first spraying mechanism 3.

[0037] Furthermore, in this embodiment, the first spray pipe 32 is a flexible hose, and the telescopic rods 311 are arranged at intervals around the circumference of the tunnel boring machine 10. This allows the first spray pipe 32 to be bent into a shape that matches the cross-section of the tunnel shaft, thereby ensuring that the water curtain generated by each first nozzle 33 can cover a sufficient area. Of course, in other embodiments, the first spray pipe 32 can also be a rigid pipe. In that case, the telescopic rods 311 need to be arranged in parallel to avoid damaging the first spray pipe 32 during extension and retraction.

[0038] Furthermore, such as Figure 3 As shown, in this embodiment, the second spraying mechanism 5 includes a second spray pipe 51 and a plurality of second nozzles 52. Each second nozzle 52 is disposed on the exhaust pipe 4 and arranged at intervals along the axial and circumferential directions of the exhaust pipe 4. Each second nozzle 52 is connected to the water supply mechanism 34 through the second spray pipe 51. This helps to ensure that the air is adequately dust-removed when passing through the exhaust pipe 4, reducing the dust content in the air discharged to the outside of the tunneling machine 10.

[0039] Furthermore, such as Figure 4 As shown, in this embodiment, the second spray pipe 51 is located outside the exhaust pipe 4. The exhaust pipe 4 has multiple arrangement holes 41, and each second nozzle 52 is arranged correspondingly within each arrangement hole 41. Specifically, the second spray pipe 51 can be fixed to the exhaust pipe 4 by strapping, or a connecting piece can be installed on the second spray pipe 51, and the connecting piece and the exhaust pipe 4 can be fixed in position by bolts. Further details are omitted. The arrangement of the second spray pipe 51 and the second nozzle 52 is convenient, facilitating replacement and installation, and also avoids occupying space inside the exhaust pipe 4 and affecting ventilation.

[0040] Furthermore, in this embodiment, both the first nozzle 33 and the second nozzle 52 are atomizing nozzles. This creates a water mist that can float in the air for a long time, resulting in better dust adsorption and further improving the dust removal effect.

[0041] Furthermore, such as Figure 4 As shown, in this embodiment, a drainage trough 42 is provided on the inner wall of the exhaust pipe 4 below the second spraying mechanism 5. A water-blocking part 421 is provided at the end of the drainage trough 42 near the dust collector fan 1, and a drainage hole 43 is provided on the bottom wall of the drainage trough 42. The water sprayed by the second nozzle 52 can collect in the drainage trough 42 and be discharged through the drainage hole 43 to avoid stagnation inside the exhaust pipe 4. The water-blocking part 421 can prevent water from flowing into the dust collector fan 1, which is beneficial to ensuring the normal operation of the dust collector fan 1. Preferably, a water-blocking hole 43 is also provided near the water-blocking part 421. When the exhaust pipe 4 is arranged at an angle and exhausts air upward, the water flow will tend to converge towards the water-blocking part 421. The drainage hole provided at the water-blocking part 421 helps to prevent the water flow from converging and overflowing from the drainage trough 42 into the dust collector fan 1.

[0042] Furthermore, each second nozzle 52 is located in the space directly above the drainage trough 42, which facilitates the drainage trough 42 in collecting the water sprayed from each second nozzle 52.

[0043] Furthermore, in this embodiment, multiple drainage holes 43 are provided. Specifically, the drainage holes 43 are arranged at intervals along the width direction of the drainage channel 42, which improves the drainage effect. Of course, in other embodiments, the drainage holes 43 may be arranged at intervals along the length direction of the drainage channel 42.

[0044] The working process of the TBM dust suppression device in the tunnel inclined shaft of this embodiment is as follows:

[0045] After the tunnel boring machine 10 is set up, the length of each telescopic rod 311 is adjusted according to the shape of the tunnel inclined shaft. Then, the first spray pipe 32 is fixed on each telescopic rod 311, so that the first spray pipe 32 is close to the inner wall of the tunnel inclined shaft. Then, the first spray pipe 32 is connected to the water supply mechanism 34. Subsequently, the tunnel boring machine 10 starts to dig, generating a large amount of dust in front of the tunnel boring machine 10. At the same time, the dust removal fan 1 and the water supply mechanism 34 are started. The dust removal fan 1 absorbs the air containing dust flowing into the tunnel boring machine 10 for preliminary dust removal. The water supply mechanism 34 supplies water to the first spray mechanism 3 and the second spray mechanism 5, so that the air discharged from the dust removal fan 1 enters the air inlet of the air supply mechanism 2 and passes through the second spray mechanism 5 and the first spray mechanism 3 twice for dust removal, and then enters the tunnel boring machine 10 through the air supply mechanism 2. After the tunnel boring machine 10 is shut down, after waiting for a set time, the dust removal fan 1 and the water supply mechanism 34 are turned off.

[0046] Example 2

[0047] Figure 1Another embodiment of the dust suppression device for a tunnel inclined shaft TBM is shown. This embodiment is largely the same as the first embodiment, except that a dust detector is installed at the air inlet of the air supply mechanism 2, and a water supply start / stop switch 6 is connected to the water supply mechanism 34. When the dust detector detects that the dust concentration at the air inlet of the air supply mechanism 2 is greater than a set concentration, the water supply start / stop switch 6 will keep the water supply mechanism 34 open, supplying water to the first spray mechanism 3 and the second spray mechanism 5. This ensures that the air discharged from the dust removal fan 1 enters the air inlet of the air supply mechanism 2 and passes through both the second spray mechanism 5 and the first spray mechanism 3 for dust suppression. When the tunneling machine 10 stops tunneling, the dust concentration detected by the dust detector gradually decreases. When the dust detector detects that the dust concentration at the air inlet of the air supply mechanism 2 is below the set concentration, the water supply start / stop switch 6 will close the water supply mechanism 34, stopping the water supply. Compared with Example 1, the water supply mechanism 34 can better guarantee the cleanliness of the air supplied by the air supply mechanism 2 after it is shut down, and has better adaptability.

[0048] Although the present invention has been disclosed above with reference to preferred embodiments, it is not intended to limit the present invention. Any person skilled in the art can make many possible variations and modifications to the present invention, or modify it into equivalent embodiments, without departing from the scope of the present invention. Therefore, any simple modifications, equivalent changes, and modifications made to the above embodiments based on the technical essence of the present invention, without departing from the content of the present invention, should fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A dust suppression device for TBMs in inclined tunnel shafts, characterized in that: The device includes a dust removal fan (1), an air supply mechanism (2), and an exhaust pipe (4). The air supply mechanism (2) is installed on the tunneling machine (10) and is used to supply air to the tunneling machine (10). The exhaust pipe (4) is installed on the tunneling machine (10) and is used to exhaust the air inside the tunneling machine (10). The dust removal fan (1) is installed on the exhaust pipe (4). A first spraying mechanism (3) is installed on the tunneling machine (10) outside the air supply mechanism (2). A second spraying mechanism (5) is installed on the exhaust pipe (4). The second spraying mechanism (5) is used to spray dust into the exhaust pipe (4).

2. The dust suppression device for TBMs in inclined shafts according to claim 1, characterized in that: The first spraying mechanism (3) includes a support assembly (31), a first spray pipe (32) and a plurality of first nozzles (33). The support assembly (31) is mounted on the tunneling machine (10). The first spray pipe (32) is mounted on the support assembly (31). Each of the first nozzles (33) is mounted on the first spray pipe (32) and is arranged at intervals along the length of the first spray pipe (32). The tunneling machine (10) is equipped with a water supply mechanism (34). The first spray pipe (32) is connected to the water supply mechanism (34).

3. The dust suppression device for TBMs in inclined shafts according to claim 2, characterized in that: The support assembly (31) includes multiple telescopic rods (311), one end of which is mounted on the tunneling machine (10) and the other end extends outward. The first spray pipe (32) is located at the extended end of each of the telescopic rods (311).

4. The dust suppression device for TBMs in inclined shafts according to claim 3, characterized in that: The first spray pipe (32) is a flexible hose, and each of the telescopic rods (311) is arranged circumferentially around the tunneling machine (10).

5. The dust suppression device for TBMs in inclined shafts according to claim 2, characterized in that: The second spraying mechanism (5) includes a second spray pipe (51) and a plurality of second nozzles (52). Each second nozzle (52) is disposed on the exhaust pipe (4) and arranged at intervals along the axial and circumferential directions of the exhaust pipe (4). Each second nozzle (52) is connected to the water supply mechanism (34) through the second spray pipe (51).

6. The dust suppression device for TBMs in inclined shafts according to claim 5, characterized in that: The second spray pipe (51) is located outside the exhaust pipe (4). The exhaust pipe (4) has multiple arrangement holes (41), and each second nozzle (52) is arranged in the arrangement hole (41) in a corresponding manner.

7. The dust suppression device for TBMs in inclined shafts according to claim 5, characterized in that: Both the first nozzle (33) and the second nozzle (52) are atomizing nozzles.

8. The dust suppression device for TBMs in inclined shafts according to claim 2, characterized in that: The inner wall of the exhaust pipe (4) is provided with a drainage groove (42) below the second spraying mechanism (5). The end of the drainage groove (42) near the dust removal fan (1) is provided with a water-blocking part (421). The bottom wall of the drainage groove (42) is provided with a drainage hole (43).

9. The dust suppression device for TBMs in inclined shafts according to claim 8, characterized in that: The drainage holes (43) are provided in multiple locations.

10. The dust suppression device for TBMs in inclined shafts according to any one of claims 2 to 9, characterized in that: The air supply mechanism (2) is equipped with a dust detector at the air inlet, and the water supply mechanism (34) is connected to a water supply start / stop switch (6). The dust detector is connected to the water supply start / stop switch (6).

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