Two-phase immersed liquid-cooled battery pack

Abstract

The utility model provides a two-phase immersed liquid-cooled battery pack, the two-phase immersed liquid-cooled battery pack comprises a box body, a plurality of single batteries and a plurality of buffer assemblies, the box body is provided with a cavity, and the cavity is used for filling immersion liquid; the plurality of single batteries are arranged in the cavity at intervals; the plurality of buffer assemblies are arranged among the single batteries, each buffer assembly comprises a buffer part and a spacer, the buffer parts are connected with the side surfaces of the single batteries, and the spacers are arranged on the sides, far away from the single batteries, of the buffer parts so as to form channels among the buffer parts, and the channels are used for accommodating immersion liquid. The spacer is arranged between the buffer pieces, the channel is formed between the buffer pieces, and the immersion liquid can flow into the channel, so that the space between the single batteries is filled, heat generated by the single batteries is adsorbed, latent heat of phase change of the immersion liquid is exerted, and the highest temperature of the immersed two-phase immersed liquid-cooled battery pack is reduced. In addition, the contact area of the immersion liquid and the distance piece can be increased through the micropores in the distance piece, so that turbulent flow components in the immersion liquid are increased, and the heat exchange capacity is improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the technical field of batteries, and in particular to a two-phase immersion liquid-cooled battery pack. Background Technology

[0002] Currently, most liquid cooling systems based on lithium batteries employ indirect liquid cooling technology, with limited research on immersion liquid cooling technology. In immersion liquid cooling systems, the materials and shape design between the cells are consistent with those in indirect liquid cooling systems, using two strips of foam material. This approach results in uneven distribution of the immersion liquid between the cells, affecting their heat dissipation performance. Summary of the Invention

[0003] This application provides a buffer and a dual-phase immersion liquid-cooled battery pack, which can solve the problem that the immersion liquid is not evenly distributed between the cells in the dual-phase immersion liquid-cooled battery pack, resulting in poor heat dissipation of the cells.

[0004] This application provides a dual-phase immersion liquid-cooled battery pack, which includes a housing, multiple individual cells, and multiple buffer assemblies. The housing has a cavity for filling with immersion liquid. The multiple individual cells are spaced apart in the cavity. The multiple buffer assemblies are disposed between the individual cells. Each buffer assembly includes a buffer element and a spacer element. The buffer element is connected to the side of the individual cell, and the spacer element is disposed on the side of the buffer element away from the individual cell to form a channel between the buffer elements for accommodating the immersion liquid.

[0005] Optionally, the thickness of the cushioning component is D, where 0.5 mm ≤ D ≤ 5 mm.

[0006] Optionally, there may be multiple spacers, which are spaced apart to form a channel.

[0007] Optionally, the spacer may be at least one of the following shapes: cylindrical, hemispherical, square prism, frustum, cone, and pyramid.

[0008] Optionally, multiple spacers are evenly arranged, with a spacing of L between adjacent spacers, where 50 micrometers ≤ L ≤ 200 micrometers.

[0009] Optionally, the number of spacers per unit area gradually decreases from the center of the side of the single cell to the edge of the side of the single cell.

[0010] Optionally, the spacer has multiple spaced-apart and parallel through slots.

[0011] Optionally, the spacer has micropores.

[0012] Optionally, the diameter of the micropore is R, where 200 nm ≤ R ≤ 500 nm.

[0013] Optionally, the micropores have at least five diameter sizes, namely R, 0.414R, 0.225R, 0.177R, and 0.116R.

[0014] Optionally, the buffer element has multiple through holes along its thickness direction.

[0015] Optionally, the cushioning element is made of foam or silicone; and / or the spacer is made of aluminum or copper.

[0016] Optionally, the housing includes a first end and a second end disposed opposite to each other, the first end having a first liquid inlet and the second end having a first liquid outlet; the dual-phase immersion liquid-cooled battery pack further includes a liquid cooling plate adjacent to the housing, the liquid cooling plate being used to contain coolant, the liquid cooling plate including a third end and a fourth end disposed opposite to each other, the third end having a second liquid outlet and the fourth end having a second liquid inlet; wherein the first end and the third end are adjacent to each other, and the second end and the fourth end are adjacent to each other.

[0017] The beneficial effects of this application are:

[0018] Individual cells and buffer components are arranged alternately in sequence. The buffer components are provided with buffer parts that are connected to the side of the individual cells to achieve a buffering effect. Spacers are placed between the buffer parts to form channels. Immersion liquid can be contained in the channels to fill the spaces between the individual cells, making the distribution of immersion liquid more uniform, absorbing the heat generated by the individual cells, improving the heat dissipation effect, and reducing the temperature of the individual cells. Attached Figure Description

[0019] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of this application, the accompanying drawings used in the description of the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of this application. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0020] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a dual-phase immersion liquid-cooled battery pack provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0021] Figure 2 A cross-sectional schematic diagram of a single battery cell and a buffer assembly assembled together, as provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0022] Figure 3 Provided for the embodiments of this application Figure 2 A magnified view of a portion of region A in the middle;

[0023] Figure 4This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a single battery cell and a buffer assembly combined together according to an embodiment of this application;

[0024] Figure 5 Provided for the embodiments of this application Figure 4 Schematic diagram of the intermediate spacer;

[0025] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a single battery cell and a buffer assembly combined together according to an embodiment of this application;

[0026] Figure 7 Provided for the embodiments of this application Figure 6 Schematic diagram of the intermediate spacer;

[0027] Figure 8 A cross-sectional schematic diagram of a single battery cell and a buffer assembly assembled together, as provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0028] Figure 9 Provided for the embodiments of this application Figure 8 A magnified view of a portion of region B in the middle.

[0029] Explanation of reference numerals in the attached figures:

[0030] Box body 20, first end 21, second end 23, first liquid inlet 25, first liquid outlet 27;

[0031] Individual cell 30, buffer assembly 10, buffer component 12, through hole 122, spacer 14, through groove 142; micro hole 144, liquid cooling plate 40, third end 41, fourth end 43, second liquid inlet 45;

[0032] Second outlet 47. Detailed Implementation

[0033] To enable those skilled in the art to better understand the technical solution of the present invention, the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. The description in this part is only exemplary and explanatory, and should not be used to limit the scope of protection of the present invention in any way.

[0034] It should be noted that similar labels and letters in the following figures indicate similar items. Therefore, once an item is defined in one figure, it does not need to be further defined and explained in subsequent figures.

[0035] It should be noted that the terms "center," "upper," "lower," "left," "right," "vertical," "horizontal," "inner," and "outer," etc., indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings, or the orientation or positional relationship commonly used when the product of the invention is in use. They are only for the convenience of describing the invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limitations on the invention. In addition, the terms "first," "second," and "third," etc., are only used to distinguish descriptions and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance.

[0036] refer to Figures 1 to 3 , Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a dual-phase immersion liquid-cooled battery pack provided in an embodiment of this application. Figure 2 This is a cross-sectional schematic diagram showing the single battery 30 and the buffer assembly 10 assembled together according to an embodiment of this application. Figure 3 Provided for the embodiments of this application Figure 2 A magnified view of a portion of region A in the middle.

[0037] This application provides a dual-phase immersion liquid-cooled battery pack, comprising: a housing 20, multiple individual cells 30, and multiple buffer components 10. The housing 20 has a cavity for filling with an immersion liquid, which can be a fluorinated liquid, silicone liquid, etc., and has both thermal conductivity and insulating properties. The individual cells 30 can store electrical energy and can be lithium batteries, sodium batteries, rechargeable batteries, etc. Multiple individual cells 30 are spaced apart within the cavity, and each individual cell 30 generates heat during operation.

[0038] Multiple buffer components 10 are disposed between individual cells 30. The buffer components 10 are elastic, thus providing a cushioning and shock-absorbing effect. Each buffer component 10 includes a buffer member 12 and a spacer 14. The buffer member 12 is connected to the side of the individual cell 30. When the individual cells 30 are arranged along the thickness direction, the buffer member 12 is connected to the largest side of the individual cell 30; when the individual cells 30 are arranged along the width direction, the buffer member 12 is connected to the smallest side of the individual cell 30. The spacer 14 is disposed on the side of the buffer member 12 away from the individual cell 30 to form a channel between the buffer members 12 for containing immersion liquid. Buffer members 12 are disposed on opposite sides of the spacer 14.

[0039] The spacer 14 is located on the side of the buffer 12 away from the single cell 30, including at least two cases: a) spacers 14 are provided on both adjacent buffers 12, and the spacers 14 can be opposite to each other or staggered; b) on adjacent buffers 12, one buffer 12 is provided with a spacer 14, and the other buffer 12 is not provided with a spacer 14, the spacer 14 connects to the other buffer 12, and there can be a gap between the spacer 14 and the other buffer.

[0040] During operation, the immersion fluid continuously exchanges with the external immersion fluid, carrying away the heat from the individual cells 30. The immersion fluid remaining in the channel absorbs the heat from the individual cells 30. As the immersion fluid flows, it carries away the immersion fluid in the channel, thereby also carrying away the heat from the channel.

[0041] In this application, the individual battery 30 and the buffer assembly 10 are arranged alternately in sequence. The buffer assembly 10 is provided with a buffer element 12 connected to the side of the individual battery 30, thereby playing a buffering role. The spacer 14 is arranged between the buffer elements 12, forming a channel between the buffer elements 12. The immersion liquid can be contained in the channel, thereby filling the space between the individual batteries 30, making the distribution of the immersion liquid more uniform, absorbing the heat generated by the individual battery 30, improving the heat dissipation effect, and reducing the temperature of the individual battery 30.

[0042] Therefore, this application increases the heat exchange area between the immersion liquid and the individual cell 30, so that each surface of the individual cell 30 can be covered by the immersion liquid, thereby improving the heat absorption effect of the immersion liquid on the individual cell 30 and achieving the effect of uniform temperature of the individual cell 30.

[0043] The cushioning element 12 can be made of foam, silicone, or other materials. The spacer 14 can be made of copper or aluminum.

[0044] In an optional embodiment, the thickness of the buffer assembly 10 is D, where 0.5 mm ≤ D ≤ 5 mm. Here, D is the thickness of the buffer assembly 10 before compression or deformation. This thickness can also indirectly represent the thickness between the individual battery cells 30. D can be 0.5 mm, 1 mm, 1.5 mm, 2 mm, 3.5 mm, 4 mm, 4.5 mm, 5 mm, etc. With the thickness of the buffer assembly 10 within this range, the buffer member 12 can have a sufficiently large deformation space. In addition, there is space for the spacer member 14 to be placed to form a channel for the flow of immersion liquid.

[0045] When the thickness of the buffer assembly 10 is less than this range, the buffer element 12 and the spacer 14 cannot be properly positioned to form a channel for the immersion liquid to flow. When the thickness of the buffer assembly 10 is greater than this range, the buffer element 12 and the spacer 14 occupy too much space, thus encroaching on the space of the individual battery cell 30, thereby reducing the energy density of the two-phase immersion liquid-cooled battery pack.

[0046] refer to Figure 4 and Figure 5 , Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a single battery cell 30 and a buffer assembly 10 assembled together according to an embodiment of this application. Figure 5 Provided for the embodiments of this application Figure 4 A schematic diagram of the structure of the intermediate spacer 14.

[0047] In one optional embodiment, there are multiple spacers 14, which are spaced apart to form channels. The spacers 14 are independent of each other, and channels are formed between adjacent spacers 14. Therefore, the circumference of each spacer 14 is empty, providing ample space to form channels, increasing the channel capacity, holding more immersion liquid, and allowing the immersion liquid to fully contact the spacers 14 for heat absorption. Furthermore, the multiple spacers distributed among the buffer members 12 provide better support for all parts of the buffer members 12, maintaining their normal shape.

[0048] The spacer 14 can be cylindrical, with its top and bottom surfaces being circular and connected to the buffer 12 respectively. The cylindrical circumference is a curved surface with a rounded transition, which can reduce the resistance to the immersion liquid when in contact with it, thereby improving the flow efficiency of the immersion liquid.

[0049] like Figure 6 and Figure 7 The spacer 14 can also be hemispherical. In this case, one side of the spacer 14 is a plane that contacts a buffer 12, and the other side of the spacer 14 is a spherical surface that makes point contact with a buffer 12. The hemispherical spacer 14 uses the spherical surface as its circumferential surface to contact the immersion liquid. Compared with a cylindrical shape, it can reduce the resistance to the immersion liquid when in contact with the immersion liquid, thereby further improving the flow efficiency of the immersion liquid.

[0050] Of course, the spacer 14 can also be various shapes such as square column, frustum, cone, pyramid, and irregular shape, which will not be listed here.

[0051] Multiple spacers 14 can be evenly arranged, meaning the spacing between adjacent spacers 14 is the same or approximately the same, and the spacing between adjacent spacers 14 is L, where 50 micrometers ≤ L ≤ 200 micrometers. The spacing L can be 50 millimeters, 60 millimeters, 70 millimeters, 80 millimeters, 90 millimeters, 100 millimeters, 110 millimeters, 120 millimeters, 130 millimeters, 140 millimeters, 150 millimeters, 160 millimeters, 170 millimeters, 180 millimeters, 190 millimeters, 200 millimeters, etc. Within this range, the spacers 14 can provide good support for the buffer 12, and there is also enough space to form a channel for the immersion liquid to flow.

[0052] When the spacing between the spacers 14 is less than this range, the channels formed between the spacers 14 are too small to allow the immersion liquid to flow properly. When the spacing between the spacers 14 is greater than this range, the spacers 14 are insufficient to provide adequate support for the buffer 12.

[0053] Furthermore, the arrangement density of multiple spacers 14 can be changed according to the size of the deformation of the individual battery 30. For example, the number of spacers 14 can be increased in the position where the deformation of the individual battery 30 is relatively large, and the number of spacers 14 can be reduced in the position where the deformation of the individual battery 30 is relatively small.

[0054] Specifically, the number of spacers 14 per unit area gradually decreases from the center of the side of the single cell 30 to the edge of the side of the single cell 30. In simple terms, the arrangement of spacers 14 on the side of the single cell 30 gradually becomes sparser as it spreads outward from the center of the side. As a result, the spacers 14 provide the strongest support to the center of the single cell 30 and the weakest support to the edge of the single cell 30.

[0055] refer to Figure 8 and Figure 9 , Figure 8 This is a cross-sectional schematic diagram showing the single battery 30 and the buffer assembly 10 assembled together according to an embodiment of this application. Figure 9 Provided for the embodiments of this application Figure 8 A magnified view of a portion of region B in the middle.

[0056] The spacer 14 has multiple spaced and parallel through slots 142. For example, multiple spaced and parallel through slots 142 are formed on a copper block by etching. The through slots 142 can be along the length direction or along the width direction, and the through slots 142 pass through the opposite ends of the spacer 14. The multiple through slots 142 form a channel to allow the flow of immersion liquid.

[0057] In this embodiment, the spacer 14 is an integral unit, and the through groove 142 is provided on the spacer 14 to ensure the stability of the distance between the through grooves 142, thereby ensuring that the immersion liquid can flow stably.

[0058] Please continue reading. Figure 5 or Figure 7The spacer 14 has micropores 144. The micropores 144 are in a state of penetrating the spacer 14, allowing the immersion liquid to pass through. The micropores 144 are used to change the droplet size of the immersion liquid through surface tension. A smaller droplet size lowers the boiling temperature of the immersion liquid, i.e., lowers the phase transition temperature from liquid to gas. The immersion liquid undergoes a phase transition at a lower temperature, thereby changing the phase transition temperature and improving the heat dissipation effect. Taking fluorinated liquid as an example, as the droplet size changes from 110μm to 50μm, the phase transition temperature of the fluorinated liquid can decrease from 78℃ to 68℃. The phase transition process leads to a change in state, thus absorbing a large amount of heat. The process of the droplets changing from the liquid phase to the gas phase utilizes the principle of latent heat of phase transition to absorb the heat generated by the battery, thereby reducing the battery temperature.

[0059] Specifically, the diameter of the micropore 144 is R, where 200 nm ≤ R ≤ 500 nm. The diameter R can be 200 nm, 220 nm, 250 nm, 280 nm, 300 nm, 310 nm, 330 nm, 350 nm, 380 nm, 390 nm, 400 nm, 410 nm, 430 nm, 440 nm, 450 nm, 480 nm, or 500 nm. Within this range, the micropore 144 does not compromise the overall strength of the spacer 14 and can effectively alter the droplet size of the immersion liquid. When the diameter of the micropore 144 is larger than this range, the strength of the spacer 14 is significantly weakened, and it may break under pressure. When the diameter of the micropore 144 is smaller than this range, the micropore 144 cannot effectively alter the droplet size of the immersion liquid.

[0060] Furthermore, the micropores 144 have at least five diameter sizes, namely R, 0.414R, 0.225R, 0.177R, and 0.116R. The micropore 144 with diameter R is the largest, the micropore 144 with diameter 0.414R is the second largest, the micropore 144 with diameter 0.225R is the third largest, the micropore 144 with diameter 0.177R is the fourth largest, and the micropore 144 with diameter 0.116R is the fifth largest. By distributing these five sizes of micropores 144, the number of micropores 144 on the spacer 14 can be maximized without compromising the strength of the spacer 14, thereby maximizing the contact area between the immersion liquid and the spacer 14 and thus better changing the droplet size of the immersion liquid.

[0061] In an optional embodiment, the buffer 12 has a plurality of through holes 122 along its thickness direction. The through holes 122 can be arranged uniformly or non-uniformly, allowing the immersion liquid to directly contact the side of the single cell 30 through the through holes 122, thereby improving heat exchange efficiency.

[0062] In an optional embodiment, the housing 20 has a first end 21 and a second end 23 disposed opposite to each other. The first end 21 is provided with a first liquid inlet 25, and the second end 23 is provided with a first liquid outlet 27. When the immersion liquid is injected into the cavity of the housing 20 through the first liquid inlet 25, it is at a relatively low temperature. As the immersion liquid flows within the cavity, its temperature gradually increases due to direct contact with the individual battery cells 30, and then it is discharged from the first liquid outlet 27. In this embodiment, the immersion liquid inside the housing 20 is flowing, which can more effectively remove heat and improve the heat dissipation effect.

[0063] The liquid cooling plate 40 is adjacent to the housing 20 and indirectly contacts the individual battery 30. The liquid cooling plate 40 can be located on the side, top, or bottom of the housing 20. The liquid cooling plate 40 shown in the attached diagram is located on the bottom of the housing 20. The liquid cooling plate 40 contains coolant, which flows inside the liquid cooling plate 40 and absorbs and carries away the heat transferred from the individual battery 30 to the liquid cooling plate 40. The liquid cooling plate 40 also has a third end 41 and a fourth end 43 arranged opposite to each other. The third end 41 has a second outlet 47, and the fourth end 43 has a second inlet 45. The coolant enters the liquid cooling plate 40 through the second inlet 45. When the coolant enters the liquid cooling plate 40, it is at a relatively low temperature. As the coolant flows inside the liquid cooling plate 40, its temperature gradually rises because it absorbs the heat transferred from the individual battery 30 to the liquid cooling plate 40, and then it is discharged from the second outlet 47.

[0064] The first end 21 and the third end 41 are adjacent, and the second end 23 and the fourth end 43 are adjacent. Therefore, the first inlet 25 of the immersion fluid and the second outlet 47 of the coolant are relatively close, as are the first outlet 27 of the immersion fluid and the second inlet 45 of the coolant. Understandably, although the temperature of the immersion fluid at the first outlet 27 of the second end 23 is relatively high, which is not conducive to heat dissipation in the area near the second end 23 of the housing 20, the second inlet 45, which is close to it, injects coolant at a lower temperature, which can effectively help dissipate heat and cool the area near the second end 23.

[0065] Similarly, although the coolant temperature is relatively high at the second outlet 47 of the third end 41, which is not conducive to the third end 41 of the liquid cooling plate 40 absorbing heat from the adjacent first end 21 of the housing 20, the first inlet 25 nearby injects a lower-temperature immersion liquid, which can effectively help dissipate heat and cool the area near the first end 21. Therefore, for the individual battery 30 in the housing 20, whether at the first end 21 or the second end 23 of the housing 20, there is always a lower-temperature cooling medium that can effectively help cool the individual battery 30.

[0066] This embodiment, through careful arrangement of the relative positions of the first inlet 25 and the first outlet 27 of the immersion liquid and the second inlet 45 and the second outlet 47 of the coolant, enables the immersion liquid and coolant of the battery pack 10 to work synergistically. This ensures that the individual cells 30 are adequately cooled in different areas, ensuring a more uniform and effective distribution of the heat generated by the individual cells 30. This reduces temperature differences on the surface of the individual cells 30, avoids localized heat accumulation in the individual cells 30, and makes the temperature distribution of the entire individual cells 30 more uniform. This reduces the risk of performance degradation and shortened lifespan of the individual cells 30 caused by temperature differences.

[0067] Furthermore, terms such as "horizontal," "vertical," and "sag" do not imply that components must be absolutely horizontal or suspended, but rather that they can be slightly tilted. For example, "horizontal" simply means that its direction is more horizontal relative to "vertical," and does not mean that the structure must be completely horizontal, but can be slightly tilted.

[0068] In the description of this invention, it should also be noted that, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "set," "install," "connect," and "link" should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; they can refer to a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; and they can refer to the internal connection of two components. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this invention based on the specific circumstances.

[0069] It should be noted that, in this document, relational terms such as "first" and "second" are used only to distinguish one entity or operation from another, and do not necessarily require or imply any such actual relationship or order between these entities or operations. Furthermore, the terms "comprising," "including," or any other variations thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements includes not only those elements but also other elements not expressly listed, or elements inherent to such a process, method, article, or apparatus. Without further limitations, an element defined by the phrase "comprising one..." does not exclude the presence of other identical elements in the process, method, article, or apparatus that includes said element.

[0070] Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made to these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the present invention, the scope of which is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A dual-phase immersion liquid-cooled battery pack, characterized in that, include: The housing has a cavity for filling with an immersion liquid; Multiple individual battery cells are spaced apart within the cavity; Multiple buffer components are disposed between the individual cells. Each buffer component includes a buffer member and a spacer member. The buffer member is connected to the side of the individual cell, and the spacer member is disposed on the side of the buffer member away from the individual cell to form a channel between the buffer members for containing immersion liquid.

2. The dual-phase immersion liquid-cooled battery pack according to claim 1, characterized in that, The thickness of the buffer component is D, where 0.5 mm ≤ D ≤ 5 mm.

3. The dual-phase immersion liquid-cooled battery pack according to claim 1, characterized in that, The number of spacers is multiple, and the multiple spacers are spaced apart from each other to form the channel.

4. The dual-phase immersion liquid-cooled battery pack according to claim 3, characterized in that, The spacer is at least one of the following shapes: cylindrical, hemispherical, square column, frustum, cone, and pyramid.

5. The dual-phase immersion liquid-cooled battery pack according to claim 3, characterized in that, The spacers are evenly arranged, and the distance between adjacent spacers is L, where 50 micrometers ≤ L ≤ 200 micrometers.

6. The dual-phase immersion liquid-cooled battery pack according to claim 3, characterized in that, The number of spacers per unit area gradually decreases from the center of the side of the single cell to the edge of the side of the single cell.

7. The dual-phase immersion liquid-cooled battery pack according to claim 1, characterized in that, The spacer has multiple spaced and parallel through slots.

8. The dual-phase immersion liquid-cooled battery pack according to any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that, The spacer has micropores.

9. The dual-phase immersion liquid-cooled battery pack according to claim 8, characterized in that, The diameter of the micropore is R, where 200 nm ≤ R ≤ 500 nm.

10. The dual-phase immersion liquid-cooled battery pack according to claim 8, characterized in that, The micropores have at least five diameter sizes, namely R, 0.414R, 0.225R, 0.177R, and 0.116R.

11. The dual-phase immersion liquid-cooled battery pack according to any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that, The buffer component has multiple through holes along its thickness direction.

12. The dual-phase immersion liquid-cooled battery pack according to any one of claims 1 to 7, wherein the buffer is made of foam or silicone; and / or the spacer is made of aluminum or copper.

13. The dual-phase immersion liquid-cooled battery pack according to any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that, The housing includes a first end and a second end disposed opposite to each other, the first end being provided with a first liquid inlet and the second end being provided with a first liquid outlet; The dual-phase immersion liquid-cooled battery pack also includes a liquid cooling plate adjacent to the housing. The liquid cooling plate is used to contain coolant. The liquid cooling plate includes a third end and a fourth end arranged opposite to each other. The third end is provided with a second liquid outlet, and the fourth end is provided with a second liquid inlet. The first end and the third end are adjacent to each other, and the second end and the fourth end are adjacent to each other.

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