Nozzle assembly and 3D printer

Abstract

The utility model provides a nozzle assembly and a 3D printer, and relates to the technical field of printing equipment. The nozzle assembly comprises a heating piece, the heating piece is provided with a penetrating type heating channel used for conveying consumables, the heating channel is provided with a preheating channel and a melting channel, and the preheating channel and the melting channel are sequentially communicated in the conveying direction; wherein the melting channel is provided with a pair of extrusion wall surfaces which are oppositely arranged, the distance between the pair of extrusion wall surfaces is smaller than the diameter of the consumable, and the cross sectional area of the melting channel is larger than that of the consumable. The consumable melting speed can be increased, so that the requirement for the consumable melting speed during high-speed printing is met.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of printing equipment, in particular to a nozzle assembly and a 3D printer. BACKGROUND

[0002] The 3D printer, also known as a three-dimensional printer, is a kind of cumulative manufacturing technology, i.e. a kind of machine of rapid prototyping technology. The nozzle assembly in the 3D printer is used for melting consumables to print objects layer by layer. When the existing nozzle assembly melts consumables, the inner core of the consumables is relatively far away from the heat source, and it takes a long time to completely melt the consumables, which cannot quickly melt the inner core of the consumables and cannot meet the demand for the melting speed of the consumables in high-speed printing. CONTENT OF THE UTILITY MODEL

[0003] Therefore, the purpose of the present application is to overcome the deficiencies in the prior art, and to provide a nozzle assembly and a 3D printer, which can improve the melting speed of consumables to meet the demand for the melting speed of consumables in high-speed printing.

[0004] The present application provides the following technical solutions:

[0005] In a first aspect, the present application provides a nozzle assembly, which comprises:

[0006] A heating member, which is provided with a through-type heating channel for conveying consumables, the heating channel has a preheating channel and a melting channel, and the preheating channel and the melting channel are sequentially and communicatively arranged in the conveying direction.

[0007] The melting channel has a pair of oppositely arranged extrusion wall surfaces, the distance between the pair of extrusion wall surfaces is less than the diameter of the consumables, and the cross-sectional area of the melting channel is greater than the cross-sectional area of the consumables.

[0008] In some embodiments of the first aspect, at least one end of the melting channel is provided with a flow guide hole, which is used to guide the consumables to pass through the heating channel.

[0009] In some embodiments of the first aspect, the extrusion wall surface and the extension direction of the preheating channel are intersectingly arranged.

[0010] In some embodiments of the first aspect, the flow guide channel of the end of the melting channel away from the preheating channel is a melting flow guide channel, the melting flow guide hole has a first large-diameter end and a first small-diameter end, and the first large-diameter end is in communication with the melting channel.

[0011] And / or, the flow guide channel near the end of the preheating channel of the melting channel is a preheating flow guide hole, the preheating flow guide hole has a second large-diameter end and a second small-diameter end, the second small-diameter end is communicated with the preheating channel, the second large-diameter end is communicated with the melting channel, and the inner diameter of the second small-diameter end is not less than the inner diameter of the preheating channel.

[0012] In some embodiments of the first aspect, the extension direction of the preheating channel is parallel to the extension direction of the extrusion wall.

[0013] In some embodiments of the first aspect, the flow guide hole at the end of the melting channel away from the preheating channel is a melting flow guide hole, and the heating channel has an outlet formed on the heating member, the melting flow guide hole is arranged along the extension direction of the outlet, and the inner diameter of the melting flow guide hole is not less than the inner diameter of the outlet, the inner wall of the melting flow guide hole has a first connecting port arranged along the extension direction of the melting flow guide hole, and the first connecting port is communicated with the melting channel.

[0014] And / or, the flow guide hole near the end of the preheating channel of the melting channel is a preheating flow guide hole, the preheating flow guide hole is arranged along the extension direction of the preheating channel, and the inner diameter of the preheating flow guide hole is not less than the inner diameter of the preheating channel, the inner wall of the preheating flow guide hole has a second connecting port arranged along the extension direction of the preheating flow guide hole, and the second connecting port is communicated with the melting channel.

[0015] In some embodiments of the first aspect, the preheating channel has a flow guide section and a stripping section connected in sequence in the conveying direction, and the stripping section is communicated with the melting channel; wherein the cross-sectional area of the flow guide section gradually decreases in the conveying direction.

[0016] In some embodiments of the first aspect, the inner wall of the preheating channel has a plurality of protrusions, the plurality of protrusions are arranged at intervals along the circumference of the preheating channel, and the protrusions are arranged along the conveying direction, the height of the protrusions protruding from the inner wall of the preheating channel gradually increases in the conveying direction, a first sub-flow channel is formed between adjacent protrusions, and a second sub-flow channel is formed between the end portions of all the protrusions away from the inner wall of the preheating channel, and the cross-sectional area of the second sub-flow channel gradually decreases.

[0017] The minimum cross-sectional area of the second sub-flow channel is less than the cross-sectional area of the consumable, and / or the cross-sectional area of the first sub-flow channel is greater than the cross-sectional area of the second sub-flow channel.

[0018] In some embodiments of the first aspect, the nozzle assembly further comprises a throat and a nozzle, the throat and the nozzle are connected with the heating piece respectively, the throat and the preheating channel are in communication, the nozzle and the melting channel are in communication, and the throat and the nozzle are arranged in a staggered manner.

[0019] In some embodiments of the first aspect, the throat, the preheating channel and the nozzle are arranged in a same direction, and the melting channel and the preheating channel are arranged vertically.

[0020] In a second aspect, the application further provides a 3D printer, which comprises the nozzle assembly according to any one of the above embodiments.

[0021] The embodiments of the application have the following advantages:

[0022] The application provides a nozzle assembly, in the conveying direction, the heating channel is divided into a preheating channel and a melting channel, the heating channel penetrates the heating piece, the consumable enters from one end and flows out from the other end, so that the consumable passes through preheating and melting in turn. Obviously, through the structural improvement design of the above-mentioned nozzle assembly, the consumable is subjected to greater pressure in the melting channel, so that the consumable is compressed into a thinner shape, which can improve the heat conduction effect on the core of the consumable; the cross-sectional area of the melting channel is larger than that of the consumable, which increases the contact area of the consumable and the heating piece, which helps to improve the heat transfer efficiency, thereby accelerating the melting speed of the consumable. This design is particularly suitable for application scenarios that require high-speed printing, and can significantly improve the printing speed and efficiency.

[0023] The application also relates to a 3D printer, since the above-mentioned nozzle assembly has the above-mentioned technical effects, the 3D printer comprising the nozzle assembly should have the same technical effects, which will not be described here.

[0024] In order to make the above-mentioned purposes, features and advantages of the application more obvious and easy to understand, the following preferred embodiments are described in detail below, and the accompanying drawings are described as follows. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0025] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the application, the following will briefly introduce the drawings needed to be used in the embodiments. It should be understood that the following drawings only show some embodiments of the application, and therefore should not be regarded as a limitation on the scope. For those skilled in the art, other related drawings can also be obtained without creative labor on the basis of these drawings.

[0026] Figure 1 Fig. 1 shows a structure schematic view of a nozzle assembly provided by an embodiment of the application from one perspective;

[0027] Figure 2 Fig. 2 shows a structure schematic view of a nozzle assembly provided by an embodiment of the application from another perspective;Figure 1 A-A cross-sectional view in FIG. 1;

[0028] Figure 3 A structural schematic diagram showing another perspective view of a nozzle assembly provided by Embodiment One of the present application;

[0029] Figure 4 A structural schematic diagram showing Figure 3 B-B cross-sectional view in FIG. 2;

[0030] Figure 5 A structural schematic diagram showing a perspective view of a nozzle assembly provided by Embodiment Two of the present application;

[0031] Figure 6 A structural schematic diagram showing Figure 5 C-C cross-sectional view in FIG. 3;

[0032] Figure 7 A structural schematic diagram showing another perspective view of a nozzle assembly provided by Embodiment Two of the present application;

[0033] Figure 8 A structural schematic diagram showing Figure 7 D-D cross-sectional view in FIG. 4;

[0034] Figure 9 A structural schematic diagram showing a perspective view of a nozzle assembly provided by Embodiment Three of the present application;

[0035] Figure 10 A structural schematic diagram showing Figure 9 E-E cross-sectional view in FIG. 5;

[0036] Figure 11 A structural schematic diagram showing another perspective view of a nozzle assembly provided by Embodiment Three of the present application;

[0037] Figure 12 A structural schematic diagram showing Figure 11 F-F cross-sectional view in FIG. 6;

[0038] Figure 13 A structural schematic diagram showing Figure 12 G-G cross-sectional view in FIG. 7.

[0039] Explanation of main element symbols:

[0040] 100 - throat; 200 - heating member; 210 - heating passage; 211 - preheating passage; 2111 - second sub-flow channel; 2112 - first sub-flow channel; 212 - melting passage; 2121 - extrusion wall surface; 213 - melting flow guide hole; 2131 - first connecting port; 214 - preheating flow guide hole; 2141 - second connecting port; 215 - outlet; 220 - protrusion; 300 - nozzle. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0041] Embodiments of the present application are described below in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings, wherein like or similar elements are denoted by the same or similar reference symbols throughout the drawings. The embodiments described below are examples only, and are not intended to limit the present application.

[0042] It should be noted that when an element is referred to as being "on" another element, it can be directly on the other element or intervening elements can also be present. In contrast, when an element is referred to as being "directly on" another element, there are no intervening elements present. Like numbers refer to like elements throughout the description of the figures.

[0043] In the present application, unless otherwise explicitly defined and limited, the terms "mounting", "connecting", "connecting", "fixing" and the like should be interpreted broadly, for example, it can be fixedly connected, or it can be detachably connected, or it can be integrated; it can be mechanically connected, or it can be electrically connected; it can be directly connected, or it can be indirectly connected through an intermediate medium; it can be the internal communication of two elements or the interaction relationship between two elements. For those skilled in the art, the specific meaning of the above terms in the present application can be understood according to the specific circumstances.

[0044] In addition, the terms "first", "second" are only for the purpose of description, and cannot be understood as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of the indicated technical features. Therefore, the features defined with "first", "second" can explicitly or implicitly include one or more of the features. In the description of the present application, the meaning of "multiple" is two or more, unless otherwise explicitly specified.

[0045] Unless otherwise defined, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which the present application belongs. The terms used in the specification of the template herein are only for the purpose of describing the specific embodiments, and are not intended to limit the present application. The term "and / or" used herein includes any and all combinations of one or more of the related listed items.

[0046] In the related art, a 3D printer, also known as a three-dimensional printer, is a kind of machine of a cumulative manufacturing technology, that is, a kind of machine of a rapid prototyping technology. A nozzle assembly in the 3D printer is used to melt a consumable to print an object layer by layer. When the existing nozzle assembly melts the consumable, the inner core of the consumable is relatively far away from a heat source, and it takes a long time to completely melt the consumable, so the inner core of the consumable cannot be quickly melted, and the demand for the melting speed of the consumable cannot be met when high-speed printing.

[0047] As shown in FIG. 1, Figure 2 、 Figure 3 and Figure 4 To solve the above technical problems, the embodiments of the present application provide a nozzle assembly, which comprises a heating piece 200. The heating piece 200 is provided with a through-type heating channel 210 for conveying a consumable. The heating channel 210 has a preheating channel 211 and a melting channel 212. The preheating channel 211 and the melting channel 212 are sequentially and communicatively arranged in a conveying direction. The melting channel 212 has a pair of opposing extrusion wall surfaces 2121. The distance between the pair of extrusion wall surfaces 2121 is less than the diameter of the consumable. The cross-sectional area of the melting channel 212 is greater than the cross-sectional area of the consumable.

[0048] In these embodiments, the heating channel 210 penetrates the heating piece 200 and forms an inlet and an outlet at opposite ends of the heating piece 200, respectively. The inlet is in communication with the throat 100, and the outlet is in communication with the nozzle 300. That is, the consumable sequentially passes through the throat 100, the inlet, the heating channel 210, the outlet, and the nozzle 300, and in this process, the consumable is gradually heated and melted.

[0049] The heating channel 210 has a conveying direction, and the heating channel 210 can be divided into the preheating channel 211 and the melting channel 212 according to the flow direction of the consumable. The preheating channel 211 is located at the front end of the heating channel 210 and is used to preliminarily heat the consumable, which can soften the outer layer of the consumable. The cross-sectional area of the end of the preheating channel 211 close to the inlet is relatively large to ensure that the consumable can smoothly pass through. The melting channel 212 is located downstream of the preheating channel 211 and is used to quickly melt the consumable.

[0050] Further, the distance between the pair of extrusion wall surfaces 2121 is less than the diameter of the consumable, and the pair of extrusion wall surfaces 2121 are oppositely arranged. The distance between the pair of extrusion wall surfaces 2121 in the opposite direction is less than the diameter of the consumable, and the cross-sectional area of the melting channel 212 is greater than the cross-sectional area of the consumable. This means that the consumable can be extruded and dispersed by the extrusion wall surfaces 2121 during the flow process in the melting channel 212, and the contact area between the consumable and the inner wall of the melting channel 212 is increased, which helps to improve the heat transfer and thus accelerate the melting speed of the consumable.

[0051] Exemplarily, in the embodiment, the extrusion wall surface 2121 is arranged as a planar structure. Of course, in other embodiments, the extrusion wall surface 2121 can also be arranged as an arc surface, a wavy surface, or the like.

[0052] That is, the exposure area of the consumable is larger, which is beneficial to improve the heat transfer efficiency. Moreover, the consumable is extruded by the melting channel 212, which is beneficial to quickly conduct heat to the core of the consumable and improve the melting efficiency.

[0053] Briefly, the melting channel 212 is arranged as an oblong structure, and thus the consumable can be flattened into a sheet shape after entering the melting channel 212. Obviously, the consumable can be effectively dispersed, which is beneficial to heat the core of the consumable and can increase the heat conduction area of the consumable and improve the melting efficiency.

[0054] Exemplarily, the melting channel 212 is arranged as a rectangular hole, and the melting channel 212 is arranged as a flat shape. Of course, in other embodiments, the melting channel 212 can also be arranged as other shapes, for example, in the direction perpendicular to the extrusion wall surface 2121, the melting channel 212 is arranged as an oval shape, a prismatic shape, a polygonal shape, or the like.

[0055] It should be noted that in some embodiments, in the conveying direction, the length of the melting channel 212 in the direction perpendicular to the conveying direction changes from small to large and then from large to small. In this way, the flow dead angle of the consumable can be reduced.

[0056] Exemplarily, a 3D printer nozzle assembly is provided, the heating channel 210 is divided into a preheating channel 211 and a melting channel 212, and the heating element 200 is made of copper or other high-thermal-conductivity materials. The heating channel 210 penetrates through the heating element 200, and the consumable enters from one end and flows out from the other end. The length of the preheating channel 211 is L1, and the diameter is D1. The cross-sectional area of the preheating channel 211 is A1 = π(D1 / 2) 2 . The preheating channel 211 is mainly used for preliminary heating of the consumable to ensure that the consumable can be softened and smoothly enter the melting channel 212. The cross-sectional shape of the melting channel 212 is a rectangular shape, and the length of the melting channel 212 is L2, the width is L3, and the cross-sectional area of the melting channel 212 is A2 = L2 x L3; wherein the extrusion wall surface 2121 is arranged in sequence in the width direction, and L3 is less than D1, L2 is greater than D1, and A2 is greater than A1.

[0057] Obviously, the design of the melting channel 212 can compress the consumable in the melting channel 212, thereby increasing the contact area of the consumable and the heating element 200, improving the heat transfer efficiency, and accelerating the melting of the consumable.

[0058] Therefore, through the structural improvement design of the nozzle assembly described above, the consumable is subjected to greater pressure in the melting channel 212, so that the consumable is compressed into a thinner shape, the cross-sectional area of the melting channel 212 is larger than that of the consumable, and the contact area between the consumable and the heating element 200 is increased; and the heat conduction effect on the core of the consumable can be improved, which helps to improve the heat transfer efficiency, thereby accelerating the melting speed of the consumable. This design is particularly suitable for application scenarios that require high-speed printing, and can significantly improve the printing speed and efficiency.

[0059] As Figure 6 described above, in some embodiments, the melting channel 212 is provided with a flow guide channel at least at one end, and the flow guide channel is used to guide the consumable to pass through the heating channel 210.

[0060] In these embodiments, there are the following cases: the upstream of the melting channel 212 is provided with a flow guide channel; or, the downstream of the melting channel 212 is provided with a flow guide channel. Or, the upstream and downstream of the melting channel 212 are both provided with flow guide channels. Obviously, the purpose of setting the flow guide channel is to play a flow guiding role.

[0061] Exemplarily, as described below, the flow guide channel of the melting channel 212 near one end of the preheating channel 211 is a preheating flow guide channel 214, which is equivalent to that the preheating channel 211 is provided with a preheating flow guide channel 214 near one end of the melting channel 212, and the preheating flow guide channel 214 is used to guide the consumable in the preheating channel 211 to enter the melting channel 212.

[0062] In these embodiments, the preheating flow guide channel 214 is designed to guide the consumable to smoothly pass from the preheating channel 211 to the melting channel 212. That is, by optimizing the flow path of the consumable, the resistance of the consumable when entering the melting channel 212 can be reduced, and the flowability of the consumable can be improved. And by ensuring that the consumable can smoothly transition to the melting channel 212, the melting process of the consumable can be accelerated.

[0063] Exemplarily, the shape of the preheating flow guide channel 214 can be designed according to specific application requirements, and common shapes include conical, circular truncated cone, inclined surface or gradual change shape.

[0064] In this embodiment, the preheating flow guide channel 214 is designed as a circular truncated cone that gradually widens to ensure that the consumable can smoothly transition from the preheating channel 211 to the melting channel 212. The preheating flow guide channel 214 is usually located at the junction of the preheating channel 211 and the melting channel 212, ensuring that the consumable can smoothly enter the melting channel 212 from the preheating channel 211. And the material of the preheating flow guide channel 214 can be selected to be the same as that of the heating element 200 to ensure good heat conduction performance.

[0065] It is easy to understand that in the design of the nozzle assembly of the 3D printer, the preheating passage 211 is provided with a preheating flow guide hole 214 close to one end of the melting passage 212, and the diameter of the preheating passage 211 is slightly larger than the diameter of the consumable to ensure that the consumable can pass smoothly. The preheating passage 211 is used to preliminarily heat the consumable to make it begin to soften. The diameter of the melting passage 212 is smaller than the diameter of the consumable to ensure that the consumable is compressed when passing through the melting passage 212, and the melting passage 212 helps to accelerate the melting process of the consumable. The length of the preheating flow guide hole 214 can be determined according to the diameter of the consumable and the diameter difference between the preheating passage 211 and the melting passage 212.

[0066] Obviously, the consumable will pass through the preheating flow guide hole 214 before entering the melting passage 212, which helps to ensure that the consumable can smoothly transition to the melting passage 212. The shape and position of the preheating flow guide hole 214 can further optimize the flow path of the consumable, reduce the resistance of the consumable when entering the melting passage 212, and thus improve the melting speed of the consumable.

[0067] As shown in Figure 6 some embodiments, the flow guide hole at the end of the melting passage 212 away from the preheating passage 211 is a melting flow guide hole 213, which means that the melting passage 212 is provided with a melting flow guide hole 213 close to one end of the nozzle 300, and the melting flow guide hole 213 is used to guide the consumable in the melting passage 212 into the nozzle 300.

[0068] In these embodiments, the melting passage 212 is provided with a melting flow guide hole 213 close to one end of the nozzle 300, which is designed to better guide the consumable to smoothly enter the nozzle 300 from the melting passage 212, to ensure that the consumable can be evenly distributed and extruded in the nozzle 300. That is, by optimizing the flow path of the consumable, the resistance of the consumable when entering the nozzle 300 can be reduced, the flowability of the consumable can be improved, and the consumable can be smoothly transitioned to the nozzle 300, which can ensure that the consumable has better consistency when extruded.

[0069] For example, the shape of the melting flow guide hole 213 can be designed according to specific application requirements, and common shapes include conical, circular truncated cone, inclined surface or gradually changing shape.

[0070] Through the above design, the consumable will pass through the melting flow guide hole 213 before entering the nozzle 300, which helps to ensure that the consumable can smoothly transition to the nozzle 300. The shape and position of the melting flow guide hole 213 can further optimize the flow path of the consumable, reduce the resistance of the consumable when entering the nozzle 300, and thus improve the extrusion effect of the consumable.

[0071] As shown in Figure 6In some embodiments, the preheating channel 211 is provided with a preheating flow guide 214 near one end of the melting channel 212, and the preheating flow guide 214 is used to guide the consumables in the preheating channel 211 into the melting channel 212; the melting channel 212 is provided with a melting flow guide 213 near one end of the nozzle 300, and the melting flow guide 213 is used to guide the consumables in the melting channel 212 into the nozzle 300.

[0072] In these embodiments, the difference from the above-mentioned embodiments is that the preheating flow guide 214 and the melting flow guide 213 are provided at the same time to simultaneously have the above-mentioned technical effects. Obviously, on the basis of simultaneously providing the preheating flow guide 214 and the melting flow guide 213 in the present application, the flow resistance of the consumables can be further reduced.

[0073] As Figure 4 and Figure 6 mentioned, in some embodiments, the extrusion wall surface 2121 and the extension direction of the preheating channel 211 are arranged to intersect.

[0074] In these embodiments, the extrusion wall surface 2121 refers to a pair of wall surfaces in the melting channel 212 for extruding the consumables, and the distance between the pair of extrusion wall surfaces 2121 is less than the diameter of the consumables, so as to mechanically extrude the consumables when they pass through. Moreover, the design of the extrusion wall surface 2121 helps to increase the contact area of the consumables with the heating element 200, thereby accelerating the melting process of the consumables.

[0075] Among them, the extension direction of the extrusion wall surface 2121 intersects with the extension direction of the preheating channel 211, and this layout can optimize the transition of the consumables from the preheating channel 211 to the melting channel 212. By arranging the extrusion wall surface 2121 and the preheating channel 211 to intersect, the flow path of the consumables can be changed when they enter the melting channel 212, thereby facilitating the dispersion of the consumables, increasing the contact area of the consumables with the heating element 200, and accelerating the melting process of the consumables.

[0076] For example, the extension direction of the preheating channel 211 can be horizontal, and the extension direction of the extrusion wall surface 2121 can be vertical. This intersection arrangement helps to change the flow path of the consumables, increase the contact area of the consumables with the heating element 200, and thus increase the melting speed of the consumables. At the same time, the overall length of the nozzle assembly can be reduced. Of course, in other embodiments, the included angle between the extension direction of the extrusion wall surface 2121 and the preheating channel 211 can be 10°, 20°, 30°, 40°, 50°, 60°, 70°, 80°, etc.

[0077] As Figure 5 , Figure 6 , Figure 7 and Figure 8As shown, in some embodiments, the flow channel of the melting channel 212 away from one end of the preheating channel 211 is a melting flow channel 213, the melting flow channel 213 has a first large diameter end and a first small diameter end, the first small diameter end is in communication with the nozzle 300, and the first large diameter end is in communication with the melting channel 212.

[0078] In these embodiments, the melting flow channel 213 has a first large diameter end and a first small diameter end. The first small diameter end is in communication with the nozzle 300, and the first large diameter end is in communication with the melting channel 212. This design helps to guide the consumables to transition smoothly from the melting channel 212 to the nozzle 300. The first small diameter end is in communication with the nozzle 300, and the inner diameter of the first small diameter end is designed to match the inner diameter of the nozzle 300 to ensure that the consumables can smoothly enter the nozzle 300 from the melting flow channel 213. By ensuring that the inner diameter of the first small diameter end matches the inner diameter of the nozzle 300, the resistance of the consumables when entering the nozzle 300 can be reduced. The first large diameter end is in communication with the melting channel 212, and the inner diameter of the first large diameter end can be slightly larger than the diameter of the consumables to ensure that the consumables can smoothly transition to the melting flow channel 213.

[0079] Obviously, through the above design, the consumables will first pass through the melting flow channel 213 before entering the nozzle 300, which helps to ensure that the consumables can smoothly transition to the nozzle 300. The design of the first large diameter end and the first small diameter end of the melting flow channel 213 can further optimize the flow path of the consumables, reduce the resistance of the consumables when entering the nozzle 300, and thus improve the extrusion effect of the consumables.

[0080] As shown in Figure 5 , Figure 6 , Figure 7 and Figure 8 , in some embodiments, the flow channel of the melting channel 212 near one end of the preheating channel 211 is a preheating flow channel 214, the preheating flow channel 214 has a second large diameter end and a second small diameter end, the second small diameter end is in communication with the preheating channel 211, and the second large diameter end is in communication with the melting channel 212, and the inner diameter of the second small diameter end is not less than the inner diameter of the preheating channel 211.

[0081] In these embodiments, the preheating flow channel 214 helps to optimize the transition of the consumables from the preheating channel 211 to the melting channel 212 and improve the melting speed of the consumables. The preheating flow channel 214 has a second large diameter end and a second small diameter end, the second small diameter end is in communication with the preheating channel 211, and the second large diameter end is in communication with the melting channel 212. The inner diameter of the second small diameter end is not less than the inner diameter of the preheating channel 211, which means that the consumables can smoothly transition from the preheating channel 211 to the preheating flow channel 214, reducing the flow resistance.

[0082] Since the molten channel 212 is used to compress the consumable, the inner diameter of the second largest diameter end may be slightly larger than the diameter of the consumable to ensure that the consumable can smoothly transition into the molten channel 212.

[0083] Clearly, the consumable passes through the preheating guide channel 214 before entering the melting channel 212, which helps ensure a smooth transition of the consumable into the melting channel 212. The design of the second small-diameter end and the second large-diameter end of the preheating guide channel 214 can further optimize the flow path of the consumable, reduce the resistance of the consumable when entering the melting channel 212, and thus improve the melting speed of the consumable.

[0084] like Figure 5 , Figure 6 , Figure 7 and Figure 8 As shown, in some embodiments, when the preheating channel 211 is provided with a preheating guide channel 214 and the melting channel 212 is provided with a melting guide channel 213, the preheating guide channel 214 has a second large diameter end and a second small diameter end. The second small diameter end is connected to the preheating channel 211, and the second large diameter end is connected to the melting channel 212. The inner diameter of the second small diameter end is not less than the inner diameter of the preheating channel 211.

[0085] The melt guide channel 213 has a first large diameter end and a first small diameter end. The first small diameter end is connected to the nozzle 300, and the first large diameter end is connected to the melt channel 212.

[0086] In these embodiments, the difference from the above embodiments is that a preheating guide channel 214 and a melting guide channel 213 are provided simultaneously, and the specific structures of the preheating guide channel 214 and the melting guide channel 213 are disclosed respectively, so as to simultaneously achieve the above-mentioned technical effects.

[0087] like Figure 9 , Figure 10 , Figure 11 and Figure 12 As shown, in some embodiments, the extrusion wall 2121 and the preheating channel 211 are arranged in parallel directions.

[0088] In these embodiments, the extrusion wall 2121 and the preheating channel 211 are arranged in parallel to provide another implementation. This arrangement, where the extrusion wall 2121 extends parallel to the preheating channel 211, optimizes the transition of the consumable from the preheating channel 211 to the melting channel 212. By arranging the extrusion wall 2121 and the preheating channel 211 in a parallel manner, the speed at which the consumable enters the melting channel 212 can be increased, accelerating the melting process of the consumable.

[0089] For example, the extension directions of both the preheating channel 211 and the melting channel 212 can be horizontal, and the extension direction of the extrusion wall 2121 is also horizontal and parallel to the preheating channel 211.

[0090] like Figure 9 , Figure 10 , Figure 11 and Figure 12 As shown, in some embodiments, the guide channel at one end of the melting channel 212 away from the preheating channel 211 is a melting guide channel 213. The heating channel 210 has an outlet 215 formed on the heating element 200. The outlet 215 is used to install the nozzle 300. The melting guide channel 213 extends along the extension direction of the outlet 215, and the inner diameter of the melting guide channel 213 is not less than the inner diameter of the outlet 215. The inner wall of the melting guide channel 213 has a first connection port 2131. The first connection port 2131 extends along the extension direction of the melting guide channel 213, and the first connection port 2131 is connected to the melting channel 212.

[0091] In these embodiments, the melt flow channel 213 extends along the extension direction of the outlet 215, which is consistent with the flow direction of the consumable. The inner diameter of the melt flow channel 213 is not less than the inner diameter of the nozzle 300, which means that the consumable can smoothly transition from the melt channel 212 to the melt flow channel 213. By ensuring that the inner diameter of the melt flow channel 213 is large enough, the resistance of the consumable when entering the melt flow channel 213 can be reduced. A first connection port 2131 is provided on the inner wall of the melt flow channel 213 and extends along the extension direction of the nozzle 300 installed at the outlet 215. The first connection port 2131 communicates with the melt channel 212, which means that the consumable can smoothly transition from the melt flow channel 213 to the nozzle 300.

[0092] With the above design, the consumable material passes through the melt guide channel 213 before entering the nozzle 300, which helps to ensure that the consumable material can smoothly transition to the nozzle 300. The design of the inner diameter of the melt guide channel 213 and the first connection port 2131 can further optimize the flow path of the consumable material, reduce the resistance of the consumable material when entering the nozzle 300, and thus improve the extrusion effect of the consumable material.

[0093] In some embodiments, the flow channel at one end of the melting channel 212 near the preheating channel 211 is a preheating flow channel 214. The preheating flow channel 214 extends along the extension direction of the preheating channel 211, and the inner diameter of the preheating flow channel 214 is not less than the inner diameter of the preheating channel 211. The inner wall of the preheating flow channel 214 has a second connection port 2141, which extends along the extension direction of the preheating channel 211 and is connected to the melting channel 212.

[0094] In these implementations, the preheating guide channel 214 extends along the extension direction of the preheating channel 211, which is consistent with the flow direction of the consumable. The inner diameter of the preheating guide channel 214 is not smaller than the inner diameter of the preheating channel 211, which means that the consumable can smoothly transition from the preheating channel 211 to the preheating guide channel 214. By ensuring that the inner diameter of the preheating guide channel 214 is large enough, the resistance of the consumable when entering the preheating guide channel 214 can be reduced.

[0095] The second connection port 2141 is provided on the inner wall of the preheating guide channel 214 and extends along the extension direction of the preheating channel 211. The second connection port 2141 is connected to the melting channel 212, which means that the consumable can smoothly transition from the preheating guide channel 214 to the melting channel 212.

[0096] With the above design, the consumables pass through the preheating guide channel 214 before entering the melting channel 212, which helps ensure that the consumables can smoothly transition into the melting channel 212. The design of the inner diameter of the preheating guide channel 214 and the second connection port 2141 can further optimize the flow path of the consumables, reduce the resistance of the consumables when entering the melting channel 212, and thus improve the melting speed of the consumables.

[0097] like Figure 9 , Figure 10 , Figure 11 and Figure 12 As shown, in some embodiments, the flow channel at the end of the melting channel 212 away from the preheating channel 211 is called the melting flow channel 213, and the flow channel at the end of the melting channel 212 near the preheating channel 211 is called the preheating flow channel 214. The preheating flow channel 214 extends along the extension direction of the preheating channel 211, and the inner diameter of the preheating flow channel 214 is not less than the inner diameter of the preheating channel 211. The inner wall of the preheating flow channel 214 has a second connection port 2141, which extends along the extension direction of the preheating channel 211 and is connected to the melting channel 212.

[0098] The heating channel 210 has an outlet 215 formed on the heating element 200. The melt guiding channel 213 extends along the extension direction of the outlet 215, and the inner diameter of the melt guiding channel 213 is not less than the inner diameter of the outlet 215. The inner wall of the melt guiding channel 213 has a first connection port 2131, which extends along the extension direction of the melt guiding channel 213 and is connected to the melt channel 212.

[0099] In these embodiments, different from the above embodiments, the preheating flow guide hole 214 and the melting flow guide hole 213 are provided simultaneously, and the specific structures of the preheating flow guide hole 214 and the melting flow guide hole 213 are disclosed to simultaneously have the above technical effects.

[0100] In some embodiments, in the conveying direction, the preheating channel 211 has a flow guide section and a stripping section connected in sequence, and the stripping section and the melting channel 212 are communicated; wherein the cross-sectional area of the flow guide section gradually decreases in the conveying direction.

[0101] In these embodiments, the structure of the flow guide section is beneficial to the flow of the consumable, so as to facilitate the consumable to enter the stripping section. For example, the flow guide section is provided in a conical structure, and the stripping section is provided in an equal-diameter structure.

[0102] Of course, in other embodiments, the flow guide section can also be provided in a stepped hole structure, which is not specifically limited here.

[0103] As shown in Figure 12 and Figure 13 In some embodiments, the inner wall of the preheating channel 211 has a plurality of protrusions 220, the plurality of protrusions 220 are arranged at intervals along the circumference of the heating channel 210, and the protrusions 220 are arranged in extension in the conveying direction.

[0104] Among the adjacent protrusions 220, a first sub-flow channel 2112 is formed, and between the end portions of all the protrusions 220 away from the inner wall of the preheating channel 211, a second sub-flow channel 2111 is formed, and in the direction of the second sub-flow channel 2111 close to the melting channel 212, the cross-sectional area of the second sub-flow channel 2111 gradually decreases, the minimum cross-sectional area of the second sub-flow channel 2111 is smaller than the cross-sectional area of the consumable, and the maximum cross-sectional area of the second sub-flow channel 2111 is larger than the cross-sectional area of the consumable.

[0105] In these embodiments, in the conveying direction, after the consumable enters the heating channel 210, under the extrusion action of the protrusions 220, the outer layer of the softened consumable can be quickly extruded to the first sub-flow channel 2112 between the adjacent protrusions 220 and flow in the conveying direction, and the second sub-flow channel 2111 is used for conveying the core of the consumable.

[0106] Meanwhile, the protrusions 220 gradually penetrate into the consumable and approach the core to increase the heat conduction contact area and directly conduct heat to the core of the consumable, thereby rapidly heating and melting the inside of the consumable. The softened outer layer of the consumable is squeezed into the gap between adjacent protrusions 220 and continues to be heated and melted. Obviously, the softened part of the consumable can be rapidly stripped off during the process of passing through the preheating channel 211, thereby playing a preheating role, and the core of the consumable can be rapidly heated, and the protrusions 220 also increase the contact area between the consumable and the heating member 200, which helps to improve the heat conduction efficiency. Therefore, the melting speed of the consumable can be improved to meet the requirements of high-speed printing.

[0107] As shown in Figure 12 and Figure 13 In some embodiments, the inner wall of the preheating channel 211 has a plurality of protrusions 220, the plurality of protrusions 220 are arranged at intervals along the circumference of the heating channel 210, and the protrusions 220 are arranged in the conveying direction;

[0108] Among them, the first sub-flow channel 2112 is formed between adjacent protrusions 220, the second sub-flow channel 2111 is formed between the ends of all protrusions 220 away from the inner wall of the preheating channel 211, and in the direction close to the melting channel 212, the cross-sectional area of the second sub-flow channel 2111 gradually decreases, the minimum cross-sectional area of the second sub-flow channel 2111 is smaller than the cross-sectional area of the consumable, and the maximum cross-sectional area of the second sub-flow channel 2111 is larger than the cross-sectional area of the consumable, and the cross-sectional area of the first sub-flow channel 2112 is larger than the cross-sectional area of the second sub-flow channel 2111.

[0109] In these embodiments, the difference from the above-mentioned embodiments is that the cross-sectional area of the first sub-flow channel 2112 is larger than the cross-sectional area of the second sub-flow channel 2111. The larger cross-sectional area of the first sub-flow channel 2112 allows the consumable to flow more freely between the protrusions 220, which helps the consumable to be heated more uniformly, reduces the flow resistance of the stripped part of the consumable, ensures that the preheated and stripped consumable can smoothly enter the melting channel 212, and improves the stripping efficiency of the consumable.

[0110] The second sub-flow channel 2111 serves as the flow path of the core of the consumable, and the smaller cross-sectional area is more conducive to approaching the inner core of the consumable, thereby accelerating the melting of the inner core of the consumable.

[0111] For example, in the present embodiment, the shape of the cross section of the first sub-flow channel 2112 is circular. Of course, in other embodiments, the shape of the cross section of the first sub-flow channel 2112 can also be set to pentagram, triangle star, ellipse, etc.

[0112] As shown in Figure 1 and Figure 4As shown, in some embodiments, the nozzle assembly further includes a throat 100 and a nozzle 300, which are respectively connected to the heating element 200. The throat 100 is connected to the preheating channel 211, and the nozzle 300 is connected to the melting channel 212. The throat 100 and the nozzle 300 are staggered.

[0113] In these embodiments, the throat 100 is a conduit, typically a narrow section, connecting the heating element 200 to other components. Its function is to guide consumables into the heating channel 210 of the heating element 200. The heating element 200 is used to heat the material, melting it to facilitate extrusion. The nozzle 300 is where the material is finally extruded, determining the shape and size of the extrudate.

[0114] The preheating channel 211 is the part where the consumable begins to be heated but has not yet fully melted. The melting channel 212 is where the consumable needs to be melted quickly and prepared for extrusion. The melting channel 212 is connected to the nozzle 300, meaning that at this stage, the material is very close to its molten state and ready to be extruded. The throat 100 and nozzle 300 are staggered, meaning they are not on the same straight line in space. This arrangement can optimize the material flow path, reduce the overall length of the nozzle assembly, and improve the torque resistance of the nozzle assembly.

[0115] Clearly, this nozzle assembly design aims to improve the material melting efficiency and structural strength.

[0116] like Figure 1 and Figure 4 As shown, in some embodiments, the throat 100, the preheating channel 211 and the nozzle 300 extend in the same direction, and the melting channel 212 and the preheating channel 211 are arranged perpendicularly.

[0117] In these embodiments, the length of the nozzle assembly can be further reduced by arranging the throat 100, preheating channel 211, melting channel 212 and nozzle 300 as described above; obviously, this is beneficial to further improve the structural strength of the nozzle assembly.

[0118] Of course, in other embodiments, the melting channel 212 and the preheating channel 211 can be arranged to intersect, and the included angle between the melting channel 212 and the preheating channel 211 can be 10°, 20°, 30°, 40°, 50°, 60°, 70°, 80°, etc.

[0119] In some embodiments, this application also provides a 3D printer, the 3D printer including a nozzle assembly as described in any of the above embodiments.

[0120] Since the above-mentioned nozzle assembly has the aforementioned technical effects, a 3D printer including the nozzle assembly should have the same technical effects, which will not be elaborated further here.

[0121] In all of the examples shown and described herein, any specific values should be interpreted as merely exemplary and not as a limitation, and thus other examples of the exemplary embodiments can have different values.

[0122] It should be noted that like reference numerals and letters refer to like items throughout the attached drawings, and therefore once an item is defined in one drawing, it is not necessary to further define and explain it in the subsequent drawings.

[0123] The above-described embodiments are merely illustrative of several embodiments of the present application, and the description is relatively specific and detailed in order to provide a thorough understanding of the present application. However, it should be understood that the present application is not limited to the above-described embodiments, and that several modifications and improvements can be made by those skilled in the art without departing from the spirit of the present application, and these should be construed as falling within the scope of the present application.

Claims

1. A nozzle assembly characterized by, The nozzle assembly comprises: A heating member provided with a through-type heating channel for conveying consumables, the heating channel having a preheating channel and a melting channel, the preheating channel and the melting channel being sequentially connected in a conveying direction; The melting channel has a pair of opposite extrusion wall surfaces, the distance between the pair of extrusion wall surfaces is less than the diameter of the consumables, and the cross-sectional area of the melting channel is greater than the cross-sectional area of the consumables.

2. The nozzle assembly of claim 1, wherein, At least one end of the melting channel is provided with a flow guide channel for guiding the consumables through the heating channel.

3. The nozzle assembly of claim 2, wherein, The extrusion wall surface and the extension direction of the preheating channel are intersected.

4. The nozzle assembly of claim 3, wherein, The flow guide channel at one end of the melting channel away from the preheating channel is a melting flow guide channel, the melting flow guide channel has a first large diameter end and a first small diameter end, the first large diameter end is communicated with the melting channel; And / or, the flow guide channel at one end of the melting channel close to the preheating channel is a preheating flow guide channel, the preheating flow guide channel has a second large diameter end and a second small diameter end, the second small diameter end is communicated with the preheating channel, the second large diameter end is communicated with the melting channel, and the inner diameter of the second small diameter end is not less than the inner diameter of the preheating channel.

5. The nozzle assembly of claim 2, wherein, The extrusion wall surface and the extension direction of the preheating channel are parallel.

6. The nozzle assembly of claim 5, wherein, The flow guide channel at one end of the melting channel away from the preheating channel is a melting flow guide channel, and the heating channel forms an outlet on the heating member, the melting flow guide channel extends along the extension direction of the outlet, and the inner diameter of the melting flow guide channel is not less than the inner diameter of the outlet, the inner wall of the melting flow guide channel has a first connecting port, the first connecting port extends along the extension direction of the melting flow guide channel, and the first connecting port is communicated with the melting channel; And / or, the flow guide channel at one end of the melting channel close to the preheating channel is a preheating flow guide channel, the preheating flow guide channel extends along the extension direction of the preheating channel, and the inner diameter of the preheating flow guide channel is not less than the inner diameter of the preheating channel, the inner wall of the preheating flow guide channel has a second connecting port, the second connecting port extends along the extension direction of the preheating flow guide channel, and the second connecting port is communicated with the melting channel.

7. The nozzle assembly of any one of claims 1 to 6, wherein, In the conveying direction, the preheating channel has a flow guide section and a stripping section connected in sequence, the stripping section is communicated with the melting channel; wherein the cross-sectional area of the flow guide section gradually decreases in the conveying direction.

8. The nozzle assembly of claim 7, wherein, The inner wall of the preheating channel has a plurality of protrusions, the plurality of protrusions are arranged at intervals along the circumference of the preheating channel, and the protrusions extend along the conveying direction, a first sub-flow channel is formed between adjacent protrusions, and a second sub-flow channel is formed between the ends of all the protrusions away from the inner wall of the preheating channel, the cross-sectional area of the second sub-flow channel gradually decreases; The minimum cross-sectional area of the second sub-flow channel is less than the cross-sectional area of the consumables, and / or the cross-sectional area of the first sub-flow channel is greater than the cross-sectional area of the second sub-flow channel.

9. The nozzle assembly of claim 1, wherein, The nozzle assembly further comprises a throat and a nozzle, the throat and the nozzle are connected with the heating piece respectively, the throat and the preheating channel are communicated, the nozzle and the melting channel are communicated, and the throat and the nozzle are arranged in a staggered manner.

10. The nozzle assembly of claim 9, wherein, The throat, the preheating channel and the nozzle are arranged in a same direction, and the melting channel and the preheating channel are arranged vertically.

11. A 3D printer characterized by, The 3D printer comprises the nozzle assembly according to any one of claims 1 to 10.

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