Biomass carbonization furnace capable of realizing secondary combustion

Abstract

The biomass carbonization furnace comprises a furnace body, the furnace body is composed of an outer wall, an inner wall and a furnace core, the outer wall is of a brick-concrete structure, and the inner wall is built by refractory bricks; the furnace core is divided into a material channel and a flame channel through special-shaped refractory bricks, and the special-shaped refractory bricks comprise shutter bricks, partition bricks and triangular bricks. A feeding and distributing trolley is arranged at the upper part of the furnace body and is used for moving on the track, uniformly feeding raw materials into the stock bin and controlling the height and the flatness of a material layer; a water grate beam is arranged at the lower part of the furnace body and is connected with a heating circulating system to absorb waste heat in the biochar; and under the action of the induced draft fan, the flue gas transversely moves to the primary combustion chamber and is continuously combusted and heated under the action of the oxygen supplementing fan, a small part of combustible gas which is not completely decomposed in the flue gas is further completely combusted at an oxygen supplementing opening in the secondary combustion chamber to form high-temperature flue gas, and all heat enters the boiler and is absorbed for heating and heat exchange.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The utility model relates to carbonization furnace technical field especially relates to a kind of secondary combustion's biomass carbonization furnace. BACKGROUND

[0002] In the activated carbon production process, the optimization of carbonization technology and equipment is a key factor to improve product quality and production efficiency. Activated carbon is a porous carbon material made of organic matter through carbonization and activation process, widely used in water treatment, air purification, chemical production and other fields, and highly valued for its high specific surface area and adsorption capacity.

[0003] Traditional carbonization furnace usually faces various technical and environmental challenges. These carbonization furnaces are small in size, limiting the production scale and efficiency. At the same time, these devices can usually only handle a single type of raw material, which is particularly disadvantageous when the source of raw materials is limited. In addition, due to technical limitations, incomplete combustion often occurs during the carbonization process in traditional carbonization furnaces, which not only reduces energy utilization efficiency, but also may lead to the emission of harmful pollutants such as carbon monoxide, tar and wood vinegar, etc. harmful gases, posing a threat to the environment and human health. SUMMARY

[0004] The utility model aims to solve one of the technical problems in the related art at least to some extent.

[0005] To this end, the utility model aims to provide a secondary combustion's biomass carbonization furnace, which can solve the problem of incomplete combustion during the carbonization process in traditional carbonization furnaces, which not only reduces energy utilization efficiency, but also may lead to the emission of harmful pollutants such as carbon monoxide, tar and wood vinegar, etc. harmful gases, posing a threat to the environment and human health.

[0006] To achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the utility model provides a secondary combustion's biomass carbonization furnace, which comprises a furnace body, the furnace body is composed of an outer wall, an inner wall and a furnace core, the outer wall is a brick-concrete structure, and the inner wall is a refractory brick masonry; the furnace core is divided into a material channel and a fire channel by special-shaped refractory bricks, including louver bricks, partition bricks and triangular bricks; a material distribution car is provided on the upper part of the furnace body, which is used to move on the track and uniformly distribute the raw materials into the material bin, to control the height and flatness of the material layer; a water grate beam is provided on the lower part of the furnace body, which is connected with a heating and circulating system to absorb the residual heat in the biochar.

[0007] Specifically, a receiving hopper is provided at the bottom of the furnace body, which is divided into several small hoppers, and a sealing basin is provided at the discharge port to prevent the biochar from reigniting in the hopper.

[0008] Specifically, the furnace body is provided with a left half furnace and a right half furnace, a primary combustion chamber is connected with a secondary combustion chamber, the secondary combustion chamber is connected with a waste heat boiler, the boiler is connected with an induced draft fan, a dust collector and a chimney in sequence for heating.

[0009] Specifically, the inside of the carbonization furnace main body is sequentially divided into a feeding and distributing section, a bunker preheating section, a combustion section, a cooling section, a carbon storage and discharging section from top to bottom.

[0010] Specifically, the water grate beam is provided with a water inlet and a water outlet, which are connected with water supply and return of a heating circulation system respectively.

[0011] Specifically, the furnace body is provided with an oxygen supplement vent at both ends, and the flue and the primary combustion chamber are provided with an oxygen supplement fan.

[0012] Specifically, the cooling section is provided with a plurality of cooling structures for cooling treatment of the biochar, and the cooled biochar is collected and discharged through a receiving hopper.

[0013] The additional aspects and advantages of the present application will be partially given in the following description, and some will become apparent from the following description, or be understood through the practice of the present application.

[0014] Beneficial effects: pyrolysis reaction occurs in the combustion section, organic matter in the raw material is volatilized to produce combustible gas, mixed flue gas is formed, fixed carbon is retained to form biochar. The flue gas enters the flue, and combustion occurs under the condition of oxygen supplement at the flue inlet, the heat emitted maintains the pyrolysis reaction, at the same time, under the action of the induced draft fan, it moves horizontally to the primary combustion chamber and continues to burn under the action of the oxygen supplement fan, the small part of combustible gas not completely decomposed in the flue gas is further completely burned in the oxygen supplement port in the secondary combustion chamber, forming high-temperature flue gas, all the heat is absorbed into the boiler for heating and heat exchange. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0015] The above and / or additional aspects and advantages of the present application will become apparent and more readily appreciated from the following description of the embodiments, taken in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, in which:

[0016] Figure 1 The structure of the whole of the present application is shown Figure One ;

[0017] Figure 2 The structure of the whole of the present application is shown Figure Two .

[0018] As shown in the drawings:

[0019] 1. Exterior wall; 2. Interior wall; 3. Air inlet; 4. Material passage; 5. Fire passage; 6. Oxygen supply fan; 7. Special-shaped refractory bricks; 9. Water grate beam; 10. Receiving hopper; 11. Discharge port; 13. Furnace leg; 15. Material bin; 16. Secondary combustion chamber; 17. Oxygen supply vent; 18. Primary combustion chamber; 19. Left half of the furnace; 20. Right half of the furnace; 21. Water inlet; 22. Water outlet; 27. Charging cart; 28. Waste heat boiler; 29. ​​Induced draft fan. Detailed Implementation

[0020] The embodiments of this utility model are described in detail below. Examples of the embodiments are shown in the accompanying drawings, wherein the same or similar reference numerals denote the same or similar elements or elements having the same or similar functions throughout. The embodiments described below with reference to the accompanying drawings are exemplary and intended to explain this utility model, and should not be construed as limiting this utility model. Rather, the embodiments of this utility model include all variations, modifications, and equivalents falling within the spirit and scope of the appended claims.

[0021] The following description, in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, describes a biomass carbonization furnace capable of secondary combustion according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0022] like Figures 1-2 As shown in the figure, the biomass carbonization furnace capable of secondary combustion according to the present utility model includes a furnace body, which is composed of an outer wall 1, an inner wall 2 and a furnace core. The outer wall 1 is a brick-concrete structure and the inner wall 2 is constructed of refractory bricks.

[0023] The furnace core is divided into a material channel 4 and a fire channel 5 by shaped refractory bricks 7. The shaped refractory bricks 7 include louver bricks, partition bricks and triangular bricks.

[0024] The upper part of the furnace body is equipped with a feeding cart 27, which is used to move on the track and evenly feed the raw materials into the hopper 15, controlling the height and flatness of the material layer;

[0025] The lower part of the furnace body is equipped with a water grate beam 9, which is connected to the heating circulation system to absorb the waste heat in the biochar.

[0026] Furthermore, a receiving hopper 10 is provided at the bottom of the furnace body. The receiving hopper 10 is divided into several small hoppers, and the discharge port 11 is provided with a sealing basin to prevent the biochar from reigniting in the hopper.

[0027] Furthermore, the furnace body is provided with a left half furnace 19 and a right half furnace 20. The primary combustion chamber 18 is connected to the secondary combustion chamber 16, and the secondary combustion chamber 16 is connected to the waste heat boiler 28. The boiler is connected in sequence to the induced draft fan 29, the dust collector and the chimney for heating.

[0028] Further, the carbonization furnace body is composed of left and right half furnaces, and is sequentially divided into a feeding and distributing section, a bunker preheating section, a combustion section, a cooling section, a carbon storage and discharge section from top to bottom.

[0029] Further, the water grate beam 9 is provided with a water inlet 21 and a water outlet 22, which are connected to the water supply and return of the heating circulation system respectively.

[0030] Further, the furnace body is provided with an oxygen supplement vent 17 at both ends, and the flue 5 and the primary combustion chamber 18 are provided with an oxygen supplement fan 6.

[0031] Further, the cooling section is provided with a plurality of cooling structures for cooling treatment of the biochar, and the cooled biochar is collected and discharged through the receiving hopper 10.

[0032] It should be noted that the furnace body brick-concrete outer wall 1 is built on the brick-concrete structure furnace leg 13, and the furnace body is built with refractory bricks inside, and the furnace core is composed of special-shaped refractory bricks 7, which are built with louver bricks, partition bricks, flue 4 and flue 5. The carbon steel welded parts include a distributing car 27, a water grate beam, a receiving hopper 10, a discharge port 11 and a sealing basin. The main body of the carbonization furnace is divided into left and right half furnaces, and the middle is a primary combustion chamber 18, which is sequentially divided into a feeding and distributing section, a bunker preheating section, a combustion section, a cooling section, a carbon storage and discharge section from top to bottom. In the feeding section, the distributing car 27 moves on the track to uniformly distribute the raw materials on the upper part of the bunker 15 to ensure the thickness of the material layer. In the preheating section, the raw materials are separated at the triangular brick part on the top of the furnace core brick when moving downward, enter the flue 4, and are preheated by the refractory bricks entering the flue 4 at the same time. In the combustion section, the raw materials are heated by the refractory bricks in the combustion section, and the pyrolysis reaction occurs. The air for pyrolysis reaction enters from the top material layer, passes through the material layer to maintain the oxidation reaction, and the combustible gas enters the flue 5 through the gap of the louver, and the air introduced through the air inlet 3 burns, and the generated flue gas moves horizontally to the primary combustion chamber 18 under the action of the induced draft fan 29, and then enters the secondary combustion chamber 16, and is completely burned under the condition of oxygen addition, and the generated heat enters the boiler. The organic matter in the raw materials is completely volatilized in the pyrolysis reaction to form combustible gas, and the fixed carbon is retained to form biochar. With the operation of unloading, the biochar reaches the water grate beam 9, the high-temperature carbon contacts the water grate beam 9, the heat is absorbed by the water, the circulating water in the beam is heated and circulated to the heat exchanger part to be recovered for heating, and the biochar is cooled down and moves downward into the receiving hopper 10, which is divided into several small hoppers for further cooling. The biochar is intermittently discharged from the discharge port 11, and the discharge port 11 is sealed by the water sealing basin when the biochar is not discharged, to prevent the biochar from recombusting in the hopper.

[0033] The carbonization furnace device has wide range of biomass raw materials, such as wood chips, tree bark, wood segments, straw, biological particles, fruit shells and the like, which can be used as raw materials, and can produce biomass charcoal.

[0034] The water grate beam 9 fully absorbs the residual heat in the biochar, and enters the heating system to achieve efficient recycling of heat energy.

[0035] Specifically, the carbonization furnace is divided into left and right half furnaces, and is sequentially divided into a feeding and distributing section, a bunker preheating section, a combustion section, a cooling section and a carbon storage and discharging section from top to bottom. The combustion section is provided with a flue 5 and a material channel 4. The raw materials move downward in the material channel 4 under the action of gravity and carbon discharging, and pyrolysis reaction occurs in the combustion section. The organic matter in the raw materials is volatilized to produce combustible gas, forming mixed flue gas, and fixed carbon is retained to form biochar. The flue gas enters the flue 5 and burns under the condition of oxygen supplement at the air inlet 3 of the flue 5. The heat emitted maintains the pyrolysis reaction, and under the action of the induced draft fan 29, the flue gas moves horizontally to the primary combustion chamber 18 and continues to burn under the action of the oxygen supplement fan 6. The small part of combustible gas that is not completely decomposed in the flue gas is further completely burned in the secondary combustion chamber 16, forming high-temperature flue gas. All the heat is absorbed into the boiler for heating and heat exchange.

[0036] In the description of the present specification, the terms "first", "second" are only for the purpose of description, and cannot be understood as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of the indicated technical features. Therefore, the features defined as "first", "second" can be explicitly or implicitly included at least one of the features. In the description of the present application, the meaning of "a plurality of" is at least two, such as two, three, etc., unless otherwise specifically limited.

[0037] In the description of the present specification, the description of the terms "one embodiment", "some embodiments", "example", "specific example", or "some examples" means that the specific features, structures, materials or characteristics described in conjunction with the embodiment or example are included in at least one embodiment or example of the present application. In the present specification, the illustrative description of the above terms does not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Moreover, the specific features, structures, materials or characteristics described can be combined in any one or more embodiments or examples in a suitable manner. In addition, the skilled in the art can combine and combine the different embodiments or examples described in the present specification and the features of the different embodiments or examples without contradiction.

[0038] Although the embodiments of the utility model have been shown and described above, it can be understood that the above-mentioned embodiments are exemplary and cannot be understood as limiting the utility model, and the ordinary skilled in the art can change, modify, replace and deform the above-mentioned embodiments within the scope of the utility model.

Claims

1. A biomass carbonization furnace capable of secondary combustion, characterized by, The furnace body is composed of an outer wall, an inner wall and a furnace core, the outer wall is a brick-concrete structure, and the inner wall is a refractory brick masonry; The furnace core is divided into a material channel and a fire channel by special-shaped refractory bricks, the special-shaped refractory bricks include louver bricks, partition bricks and triangular bricks; A material distribution car is arranged at the upper part of the furnace body, the material distribution car is used for moving on a track and uniformly feeding raw materials into a material bin, and the height and flatness of a material layer are controlled; A water grate beam is arranged at the lower part of the furnace body, the water grate beam is connected with a heating circulation system, and waste heat in the biochar is absorbed; The furnace body is provided with a left half furnace and a right half furnace, a primary combustion chamber is connected with a secondary combustion chamber, the secondary combustion chamber is connected with a waste heat boiler, and the boiler is sequentially connected with an induced draft fan, a dust collector and a chimney; Oxygen supplement air vents are arranged at both ends of the furnace body, and oxygen supplement fans are arranged in the fire channel and the primary combustion chamber.

2. The combustible biomass carbonization furnace according to claim 1, wherein, A receiving hopper is arranged at the bottom of the furnace body, the receiving hopper is divided into a plurality of small hoppers, and a sealing basin is arranged at a discharge port.

3. The secondary combustible biomass carbonization stove of claim 1, wherein, The inside of the main body of the carbonization furnace is sequentially divided into a material feeding and distributing section, a material bin preheating section, a combustion section, a cooling section, a carbon storage section and a carbon discharging section from top to bottom.

4. The secondary combustible biomass carbonization stove of claim 1, wherein, The water grate beam is provided with a water inlet and a water outlet, and is connected with water supply and return of the heating circulation system.

5. The secondary combustible biomass carbonization stove of claim 1, wherein, The cooling section is provided with a plurality of cooling structures for cooling treatment of the biochar, and the cooled biochar is collected and discharged through the receiving hopper.

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