Shield tunneling machine main machine shield body capable of achieving in-situ rapid diameter expansion and diameter shrinkage

Abstract

The utility model discloses a main machine shield body of a shield tunneling machine capable of realizing in-situ rapid diameter expansion and diameter shrinkage, which comprises a front shield, a middle shield and a tail shield, and a front shield shell, a middle shield shell and a tail shield front shell are respectively of a partitioned structure. The front shield shell reducing blocks, the middle shield shell reducing blocks and the tail shield front shell reducing blocks are movably arranged between the adjacent front shield inner partition plate reducing blocks, the adjacent middle shield inner partition plate reducing blocks and the adjacent tail shield front inner partition plate reducing blocks respectively and can be moved out or filled between the adjacent blocks of the front shield shell, the adjacent blocks of the middle shield shell and the adjacent blocks of the tail shield front shell respectively. Under the condition that continuous expanding / reducing excavation of the cutterhead is guaranteed, the internal space is greatly changed through in-situ rapid expanding / reducing of the shield body of the shield tunneling machine, so that the size of the structural section is rapidly changed. Therefore, occupation of construction areas of traditional stations and tunnels, pipeline relocation and transformation and interference to urban busy street traffic are reduced.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The utility model relates to the technical field of shield construction, and specifically relates to a shield machine host shield body capable of realizing in-situ rapid expansion and reduction. BACKGROUND

[0002] Shield method refers to the method of underground space construction in which a shield machine head excavates rock-soil with a cutter head and cutters, assembles prefabricated segments under the protection of a shield shell, and provides counterforce for a propelling hydraulic cylinder, and snakes in the stratum. With the vigorous development of rail transit projects in China, shield method has become the consensus of the selection of urban rail transit construction methods due to its safety and high efficiency. In urban rail transit construction, shield method is often used in sections, and open excavation method is often used in stations. In the urban bustling section, traffic is congested, pipelines are dense, and the site is limited, resulting in low applicability of open excavation method, large risk of underground excavation, and interference with the environment to some extent by cover-excavation method. In view of the above problems of traditional urban rail transit construction methods, such as low intensification, large safety risk, and long influence period, the research on station-tunnel integrated construction technology using shield method has become a new development trend.

[0003] At present, the shield body diameter changing method mainly includes three types: changing the diameter in the transfer process to adapt to different engineering diameters, expanding the excavation in the tunneling process to adapt to different engineering diameters, assembling the diameter changing block outside the shield body to change the diameter, and changing the diameter of the non-hermetic shield body in the tunneling process to adapt to the large deformation of the poor surrounding rock section.

[0004] A Chinese patent with publication number CN116398155A discloses an assembled abandoned shell disintegration shield machine host shield body and an installation and disassembly method thereof. The shield machine host shield body includes a front shield, a middle shield, and a tail shield fixedly connected. The front shield is composed of a front shield outer shield body and a front shield inner shield body. The front shield inner shield body is fixed at the front part of the front shield outer shield body. The middle shield is composed of a middle shield outer shield body and a middle shield inner shield body. The middle shield inner shield body is fixed at the rear part of the middle shield outer shield body. The tail shield includes a tail shield body. The combination part of the middle shield and the tail shield is provided with a rice-shaped beam and a rice-shaped beam outer partition plate. The front part of the annular rice-shaped beam outer partition plate is nested in the middle shield shell, and the rear end is fixed at the front end of the tail shield body. The utility model is designed by modularization, constructed by assembly, and reasonably divided into blocks, which has strong structural stability. Moreover, the front shield inner shield body can be transferred to the rear open space for disassembly, avoiding the problems of narrow disassembly space, high disassembly difficulty, and low disassembly efficiency caused by the main drive unit.

[0005] The utility model discloses a shield machine variable diameter method capable of changing excavation diameter in any ratio, which comprises a variable diameter cutter head, a variable diameter front shield, a variable diameter middle shield, a tail shield and a telescopic trolley with legs.

[0006] The above scheme can quickly change the diameter of the cutter head, shield body and rear supporting trolley when the scene is changed for other diameter or cross section excavation, and the newly made foldable rubber hinged sealing and tail shield can adapt to different diameter or cross section excavation. The same shield machine can be used to excavate tunnels with different excavation diameters, greatly reducing the equipment purchase, transformation cost and shaft construction cost of the construction site, greatly shortening the construction period and having high research value.

[0007] The utility model discloses a variable diameter tunnel construction method, system and shield equipment, and the variable diameter tunnel construction method comprises the following steps: when a shield equipment completes tunneling and supporting of a first diameter tunnel through a first cutter head and a first shield body of a variable diameter cutter head assembly, a plurality of cutter head blocks in the variable diameter cutter head assembly are radially extended relative to the outer periphery of the first cutter head to form a second cutter head; the shield equipment continues tunneling and supporting along a preset tunneling path through the second cutter head and the first shield body to form a variable diameter operation space; the first shield body of the shield equipment is assembled and adjusted in the variable diameter operation space to form a second shield body; and the shield equipment tunnels and supports a second diameter tunnel through the second cutter head and the second shield body.

[0008] When the shield body needs to be changed in diameter, the above scheme needs to reinforce the stratum around the variable diameter operation space, select variable diameter modules of different specifications to be sleeved on the shield body to realize variable diameter, and the variable diameter module and the shield body are detachably connected. The operation process is complex, the safety risk is great, and how to disassemble the shell in the tunnel is not considered.

[0009] A variable-diameter shield body is disclosed in Chinese Patent Publication No. CN213205678U, which solves the problems of small variable-diameter range and complex variable-diameter mode in the prior art. The shield body includes a center frame and a split outer shell that can be connected in a ring. The split outer shell is connected to the outer periphery of the center frame through a telescopic member, and the adjacent two split outer shells are inserted through a socket sealing connector. The shield body adopts a split outer shell design and is connected to the center frame through a telescopic member, which can realize real-time variable-diameter, flexible construction mode, large variable-diameter range, and can ensure that the shape does not change significantly, ensuring the integrity of the shield body. The socket sealing blocks at the overlapping parts of the shield body always maintain an interlaced state, ensuring the continuity of the shield body in the circumferential direction and reducing the intrusion of large particles of rock and soil into the shield body. The center frame is in a circumferentially closed ring state, which can provide support for the split outer shell and avoid small particles invading the shield body to harm workers, improving the practical safety.

[0010] The above-mentioned scheme is based on the fact that when a mountain tunnel encounters soft surrounding rock, a shield body that can be widely variable-diameter is proposed to adapt to the slow stress release and large deformation of poor surrounding rock sections, in order to improve the efficiency of the secondary support. However, the expanded shield body is not closed, which is not suitable for sand and soil strata, and does not consider providing internal space through variable-diameter during construction to solve the problem of changing the size of the structure section and how to disassemble the shell in the hole. Practical new type content

[0011] The utility model aims at providing a shield machine host shield body and construction method which can realize in-situ rapid expansion and contraction, to solve the problems raised in the above background technology.

[0012] To achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the utility model provides a shield machine host shield body which can realize in-situ rapid expansion and contraction, comprising:

[0013] The front shield includes a front shield outer body and a front shield inner body. The front shield outer body includes a front shield outer shell and a front shield outer shell variable-diameter block fixedly connected. The front shield inner body includes a front shield inner partition block, and the front shield inner partition block is provided with a front shield inner partition variable-diameter block.

[0014] The middle shield includes a middle shield outer body and a middle shield inner body. The middle shield outer body includes a middle shield outer shell and a middle shield outer shell variable-diameter block fixedly connected. The middle shield inner body includes a middle shield inner partition block, and the middle shield inner partition block is provided with a middle shield inner partition variable-diameter block.

[0015] The tail shield includes a tail shield front outer body and a tail shield front inner body. The tail shield front outer body includes a tail shield front outer shell and a tail shield front outer shell variable-diameter block fixedly connected. The tail shield front inner body includes a tail shield front inner partition block, and the tail shield front inner partition block is provided with a tail shield front inner partition variable-diameter block.

[0016] The front shield shell, the middle shield shell and the tail shield front shell are all in a split structure, the front shield shell variable-diameter block, the middle shield shell variable-diameter block and the tail shield front shell variable-diameter block are movably arranged between the adjacent front shield inner partition variable-diameter blocks, middle shield inner partition variable-diameter blocks and tail shield front inner partition variable-diameter blocks respectively, and can be moved out of or filled between the adjacent split blocks of the front shield shell, the middle shield shell and the tail shield front shell respectively.

[0017] In a preferred embodiment, the front shield inner shield body further comprises a front shield shell variable-diameter hydraulic cylinder and a front shield inner partition variable-diameter hydraulic cylinder, the front shield inner partition variable-diameter hydraulic cylinder is connected with the front shield inner partition variable-diameter block, and the front shield shell variable-diameter hydraulic cylinder is fixedly connected with the middle part of the front shield shell variable-diameter block. When the front shield is expanded in diameter, the front ends of the front shield shell variable-diameter hydraulic cylinder and the front shield inner partition variable-diameter hydraulic cylinder are extended, respectively pushing the front shield shell variable-diameter block and the front shield inner partition variable-diameter block to extend to the expanded diameter position, and filling the front shield shell variable-diameter block between the adjacent split blocks of the front shield shell, so that in the expanded diameter state, the split blocks of the front shield shell and the adjacent front shield shell variable-diameter blocks on both sides are sequentially spliced to form a closed space. When the front shield is contracted in diameter, the front ends of the front shield shell variable-diameter hydraulic cylinder and the front shield inner partition variable-diameter hydraulic cylinder are retracted, respectively pulling the front shield shell variable-diameter block and the front shield inner partition variable-diameter block to contract in diameter, the front shield shell variable-diameter block is moved out of the adjacent split blocks of the front shield shell, and the front shield inner partition variable-diameter block is retracted into the front shield inner partition block, so that in the contracted diameter state, the adjacent split blocks of the front shield shell are sequentially spliced to form a closed space.

[0018] In a preferred embodiment, the front shield outer shield body further comprises a front shield shell partition, the front shield inner partition variable-diameter block and the front shield shell partition are fixedly connected through anchor bolts at the front part of the front shield, the middle shield outer shield body further comprises a middle shield shell partition, the middle shield inner partition variable-diameter block and the middle shield shell partition are fixedly connected through anchor bolts, and the tail shield front outer shield body further comprises a tail shield front shell partition, the tail shield front inner partition variable-diameter block and the tail shield front shell partition are fixedly connected through anchor bolts.

[0019] In a preferred embodiment, the middle shield inner shield body further comprises a middle shield shell variable-diameter hydraulic cylinder and a middle shield inner partition variable-diameter hydraulic cylinder, the middle shield shell variable-diameter hydraulic cylinder is fixedly connected with the middle shield shell variable-diameter block in the middle, and the middle shield inner partition variable-diameter hydraulic cylinder is connected with the middle shield inner partition variable-diameter block; when the middle shield is expanded in diameter, the front ends of the middle shield shell variable-diameter hydraulic cylinder and the middle shield inner partition variable-diameter hydraulic cylinder are extended out, respectively push the middle shield shell variable-diameter block and the middle shield inner partition variable-diameter block to extend to the expanded diameter position, and fill the middle shield shell variable-diameter block between the adjacent blocks of the middle shield shell, so that in the expanded diameter state, the blocks of the middle shield shell and the adjacent middle shield inner partition variable-diameter blocks on both sides are sequentially spliced to form a closed space; when the middle shield is contracted in diameter, the front ends of the middle shield shell variable-diameter hydraulic cylinder and the middle shield inner partition variable-diameter hydraulic cylinder are respectively retracted, pull the middle shield shell variable-diameter block and the middle shield inner partition variable-diameter block to contract in diameter, move the middle shield shell variable-diameter block out of the adjacent blocks of the middle shield shell, and retract the middle shield inner partition variable-diameter block into the middle shield inner partition block, so that in the contracted diameter state, the adjacent blocks of the middle shield shell are sequentially spliced to form a closed space.

[0020] In a preferred embodiment, the tail shield front inner shield body further comprises a tail shield front shell variable-diameter hydraulic cylinder and a tail shield front inner partition variable-diameter hydraulic cylinder, the tail shield front shell variable-diameter hydraulic cylinder is fixedly connected with the tail shield front shell variable-diameter block in the middle, and the tail shield front inner partition variable-diameter hydraulic cylinder is connected with the tail shield front inner partition variable-diameter block; when the tail shield is expanded in diameter, the front ends of the tail shield front shell variable-diameter hydraulic cylinder and the tail shield front inner partition variable-diameter hydraulic cylinder are extended out, respectively push the tail shield front shell variable-diameter block and the tail shield front inner partition variable-diameter block to extend to the expanded diameter position, and fill the tail shield front shell variable-diameter block between the adjacent blocks of the tail shield front shell, so that in the expanded diameter state, the tail shield front shell and the adjacent tail shield front shell variable-diameter blocks on both sides are sequentially spliced to form a closed space; when the tail shield is contracted in diameter, the front ends of the tail shield front shell variable-diameter hydraulic cylinder and the tail shield front inner partition variable-diameter hydraulic cylinder are respectively retracted, pull the tail shield front shell variable-diameter block and the tail shield front inner partition variable-diameter block to contract in diameter, move the tail shield front shell variable-diameter block out of the adjacent blocks of the tail shield front shell, and retract the tail shield front inner partition variable-diameter block into the tail shield front inner partition block, so that in the contracted diameter state, the adjacent blocks of the tail shield front shell are sequentially spliced to form a closed space.

[0021] In a preferred embodiment, the tail shield further comprises a tail shield middle and a tail shield rear, a transition ring is arranged at the joint between the tail shield middle and the tail shield rear, a rice-shaped beam is arranged at the joint between the tail shield and the middle shield, in the contracted diameter state, the adjacent blocks of the tail shield middle shell are sequentially spliced to form a closed space, and in the expanded diameter state, the blocks of the tail shield middle shell and the adjacent tail shield middle shell variable-diameter blocks on both sides are sequentially spliced to form a closed space.

[0022] In a preferred embodiment, the front shield shell variable-diameter block comprises two symmetrically arranged front shield variable-diameter connecting plates, the inner ends of the two front shield variable-diameter connecting plates are rotationally connected through a rotating shaft, and the outer ends of the two front shield variable-diameter connecting plates are respectively rotationally connected with the adjacent blocks of the front shield shell through rotating shafts.

[0023] Compared with the prior art, the utility model discloses the beneficial effects are: the utility model discloses the front shield, the middle shield, the tail shield front shell partial design, and the corresponding setting shell variable diameter block, the inner baffle variable diameter block and shell variable diameter hydraulic cylinder, inner baffle variable diameter hydraulic cylinder, realize in the guarantee cutter disc continuous expansion / contraction diameter excavation condition, through the shield machine shield body in situ fast expansion / contraction diameter, greatly change internal space, such as diameter change ≥2.5m condition, in order to realize the structure section size change fast. Reduce the traditional station and the tunnel construction area's occupation, pipeline road relocation and the interference to the city prosperous street traffic, avoid the problem of shield machine repeated transfer when tunnel construction. Simultaneously reduce the shield tail discarded length and stratum reinforcement process, improve the application range of shield method, the applicability and construction efficiency of shield machine, promote the city rail transit engineering green construction process. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0024] Figure 1 It is the shield machine main machine shield body diagram of the diameter reducing state of the utility model;

[0025] Figure 2 It is the shield machine main machine shield body diagram of the front shield expansion diameter state of the utility model;

[0026] Figure 3 It is the shield machine main machine shield body diagram of the front shield and middle shield expansion diameter state of the utility model;

[0027] Figure 4 It is the shield machine main machine shield body diagram of the front expansion diameter state of the shield tail brush welding of the utility model;

[0028] Figure 5 It is the shield machine main machine shield body diagram of the expansion diameter state of the shield tail brush welding of the utility model;

[0029] Figure 6 It is the shield machine main machine shield body diagram of the tail shield middle and tail shield rear in situ diameter reducing state of the utility model;

[0030] Figure 7 It is the shield machine main machine shield body diagram of the front shield diameter reducing state of the utility model;

[0031] Figure 8 It is the shield machine main machine shield body diagram of the front shield and middle shield diameter reducing state of the utility model;

[0032] Figure 9 It is the shield machine main machine shield body diagram of the middle shield, the front shield, the tail shield front diameter reducing state of the utility model;

[0033] Figure 10 It is the front shield and middle shield position diameter reducing state elevational view of the utility model;

[0034] Figure 11Front shield and middle shield position expansion diameter state front view of the utility model;

[0035] Figure 12 Middle shield and tail shield front diameter reducing state front view of the utility model;

[0036] Figure 13 Middle shield and tail shield front diameter reducing state front view of the utility model;

[0037] Figure 14 Tail shield middle diameter reducing state front view of the utility model;

[0038] Figure 15 Tail shield middle diameter reducing state front view of the utility model;

[0039] Figure 16 Front shield shell variable diameter block diameter reducing state structure schematic view of the utility model;

[0040] Figure 17 Front shield shell variable diameter block diameter reducing state structure schematic view of the utility model;

[0041] Mark explanation:

[0042] 1, front shield outer shield body; 101, front shield shell; 102, front shield shell variable diameter block; 103, front shield shell partition; 2, front shield inner shield body; 201 front shield inner partition block; 202, front shield inner partition variable diameter block; 203, front shield shell variable diameter hydraulic cylinder; 204, front shield inner partition variable diameter hydraulic cylinder; 4, middle shield outer shield body; 401, middle shield shell; 402, middle shield shell variable diameter block; 403, middle shield shell partition; 5, middle shield inner shield body; 501, middle shield inner partition block; 502, middle shield inner partition variable diameter block; 503, middle shield shell variable diameter hydraulic cylinder; 504, middle shield inner partition variable diameter hydraulic cylinder; 6, rice character beam; 7, tail shield front outer shield body; 701, tail shield front shell; 702, tail shield front shell variable diameter block; 703, tail shield front shell partition; 8, tail shield front inner shield body; 801, tail shield front inner partition block; 802, tail shield front inner partition variable diameter block; 803, tail shield front shell variable diameter hydraulic cylinder; 804, tail shield front partition variable diameter hydraulic cylinder; 805, tail shield front and rear flange; 9, tail shield middle; 901, tail shield middle shell; 902, tail shield middle shell variable diameter block; 903, tail shield middle front flange; 904, tail shield middle rear flange; 10, transition ring; 11, tail shield rear; 1101, tail shield rear shell; 1102, tail shield rear flange; 12, anchor bolt; 1313, connecting bolt; 14, plugging steel ring; 15, shield tail brush; 16, circular ring plate. Specific implementation

[0043] The technical solutions in the embodiments of the utility model will be clearly and completely described below. All other embodiments obtained by the person skilled in the art without creative labor belong to the protection scope of the utility model.

[0044] Embodiment 1

[0045] As Figures 1 to 17 shown, the shield machine main machine shield body capable of realizing in-situ rapid expansion and reduction of the utility model, include: front shield, middle shield, tail shield, front shield includes front shield outer shield body 1 and front shield inner shield body 2, middle shield includes middle shield outer shield body 4 and middle shield inner shield body 5, tail shield includes tail shield front outer shield body 7 and tail shield front inner shield body 8.

[0046] Front shield outer shield body 1 includes fixedly connected front shield shell 101, front shield shell variable diameter block 102 and front shield shell partition 103, front shield inner shield body 2 includes front shield inner partition block 201, front shield inner partition variable diameter block 202, front shield shell variable diameter hydraulic cylinder 203 and front shield inner partition variable diameter hydraulic cylinder 204, front shield inner partition block 201 is provided with front shield inner partition variable diameter block 202, and front shield inner partition variable diameter block 202 is fixedly connected with front shield shell partition 103 through anchor bolt. Middle shield outer shield body 4 includes fixedly connected middle shield shell 401, middle shield shell variable diameter block 402 and middle shield shell partition 403, middle shield inner shield body 5 includes middle shield inner partition block 501, and middle shield inner partition block 501 is provided with middle shield inner partition variable diameter block 502, and middle shield inner partition variable diameter block 502 is fixedly connected with middle shield shell partition 403 through anchor piece. Tail shield front outer shield body 7 includes fixedly connected tail shield front outer shell 701, tail shield front outer shell variable diameter block 702 and tail shield front outer shell partition 703, tail shield front inner shield body 8 includes tail shield front inner partition block 801, and tail shield front inner partition block 801 is provided with tail shield front inner partition variable diameter block 802, and tail shield front inner partition variable diameter block 802 is fixedly connected with tail shield front outer shell partition 703 through anchor piece.

[0047] Front shield shell variable diameter block 102 is movably arranged between adjacent front shield inner partition variable diameter block 202, middle shield shell variable diameter block 402 is movably arranged between adjacent middle shield inner partition variable diameter block 502, tail shield front outer shell variable diameter block 702 is movably arranged between adjacent tail shield front inner partition variable diameter block 802, and front shield shell 101, middle shield shell 401 and tail shield front outer shell 701 are all block type structures, and front shield shell variable diameter block 102, middle shield shell variable diameter block 402 and tail shield front outer shell variable diameter block 702 can be respectively removed or filled in adjacent blocks of front shield shell 101, middle shield shell 401 and tail shield front outer shell 701.

[0048] Further, the front shield inner partition plate variable diameter hydraulic cylinder 204 is connected with the front shield inner partition plate variable diameter block 202, the front shield shell variable diameter hydraulic cylinder 203 is fixedly connected with the middle part of the front shield shell variable diameter block 102, the front shield shell variable diameter block 102 includes two front shield variable diameter connecting plates 1021 which are symmetrically arranged in a hinge structure, the inner end parts of the two front shield variable diameter connecting plates 1021 are rotationally connected through the pivot 1022, and the outer end parts of the two front shield variable diameter connecting plates 1021 are respectively rotationally connected with the adjacent blocks of the front shield shell 101 through pivots.

[0049] Further, the middle shield inner shield body 5 further includes a middle shield shell variable diameter hydraulic cylinder 503 and a middle shield inner partition plate variable diameter hydraulic cylinder 504, the middle shield shell variable diameter hydraulic cylinder 503 is fixedly connected with the middle part of the middle shield inner partition plate variable diameter block 502, the middle shield inner partition plate variable diameter hydraulic cylinder 504 is connected with the middle shield shell variable diameter block 402, the middle shield shell variable diameter block 402 includes two middle shield variable diameter connecting plates which are symmetrically arranged, the inner end parts of the two middle shield variable diameter connecting plates are rotationally connected through pivots, and the outer end parts of the two middle shield variable diameter connecting plates are respectively rotationally connected with the adjacent blocks of the middle shield shell 401 through pivots. When the middle shield is expanded in diameter, the front ends of the middle shield shell variable diameter hydraulic cylinder 503 and the middle shield inner partition plate variable diameter hydraulic cylinder 504 are extended out, respectively push the middle shield shell variable diameter block 402 and the middle shield inner partition plate variable diameter block 502 out to the expanded diameter position, and fill the middle shield shell variable diameter block 402 between the adjacent blocks of the middle shield shell 401, so that in the expanded diameter state, the blocks of the middle shield shell 401 and the adjacent middle shield inner partition plate variable diameter blocks 502 on both sides are sequentially spliced to form a closed space. When the middle shield is contracted in diameter, the front ends of the middle shield shell variable diameter hydraulic cylinder 503 and the middle shield inner partition plate variable diameter hydraulic cylinder 504 are respectively retracted, pull the middle shield shell variable diameter block 402 and the middle shield inner partition plate variable diameter block 502 to contract in diameter, move the middle shield shell variable diameter block 402 out of the adjacent blocks of the middle shield shell 401, and retract the middle shield inner partition plate variable diameter block 502 into the middle shield inner partition plate block 501, so that in the contracted diameter state, the adjacent blocks of the middle shield shell 401 are sequentially spliced to form a closed space.

[0050] Further, the tail shield front inner shield body 8 further comprises a tail shield front outer shell variable diameter hydraulic cylinder 803 and a tail shield front inner partition variable diameter hydraulic cylinder 804. The tail shield front outer shell variable diameter hydraulic cylinder 803 is fixedly connected with the middle part of the tail shield front outer shell variable diameter block 702, and the tail shield front inner partition variable diameter hydraulic cylinder 804 is connected with the tail shield front inner partition variable diameter block 802. The tail shield front outer shell variable diameter block 702 comprises two tail shield front variable diameter connecting plates which are symmetrically arranged. The inner ends of the two tail shield front variable diameter connecting plates are rotationally connected through a rotating shaft, and the outer ends of the two tail shield front variable diameter connecting plates are respectively rotationally connected with adjacent blocks of the tail shield front outer shell 701 through rotating shafts. When the tail shield is expanded in diameter, the tail shield front outer shell variable diameter hydraulic cylinder 803 and the tail shield front inner partition variable diameter hydraulic cylinder 804 extend forward to respectively push the tail shield front outer shell variable diameter block 702 and the tail shield front inner partition variable diameter block 802 to extend to the expanded diameter position, and the tail shield front outer shell variable diameter block 702 is filled between the adjacent blocks of the tail shield front outer shell 701, so that in the expanded diameter state, the tail shield front outer shell 701 and the two adjacent tail shield front outer shell variable diameter blocks 702 are sequentially spliced to form a closed space. When the tail shield is contracted in diameter, the tail shield front outer shell variable diameter hydraulic cylinder 803 and the tail shield front inner partition variable diameter hydraulic cylinder 804 are respectively retracted forward to pull the tail shield front outer shell variable diameter block 702 and the tail shield front inner partition variable diameter block 802 to contract in diameter, the tail shield front outer shell variable diameter block 702 is removed from between the adjacent blocks of the tail shield front outer shell 701, and the tail shield front inner partition variable diameter block 802 is retracted into the tail shield front inner partition block 801, so that in the contracted diameter state, the adjacent blocks of the tail shield front outer shell 701 are sequentially spliced to form a closed space.

[0051] Embodiment 2

[0052] On the basis of embodiment 1, the tail shield further comprises a tail shield middle 9 and a tail shield rear 11. A transition ring 10 is arranged at the joint of the tail shield middle 9 and the tail shield rear 11. A herringbone beam 6 is arranged at the joint of the tail shield and the middle shield, and the herringbone beam 5 is fixedly arranged at the inner cavity of the middle shield inner partition block and the tail shield front inner partition block to form effective support. The tail shield middle 9 comprises a tail shield middle outer shell 901. In the contracted diameter state, the adjacent blocks of the tail shield middle outer shell 901 are sequentially spliced to form a closed space, and in the expanded diameter state, the blocks of the tail shield middle outer shell 901 and the two adjacent tail shield middle outer shell variable diameter blocks 902 are sequentially spliced to form a closed space.

[0053] When the tail shield is expanded in diameter, the transition ring 10 between the tail shield middle 9 and the tail shield rear 11 is replaced by a sealing steel ring 14. After the tail shield is expanded in diameter, the tail shield middle rear flange 904 is cut off and a shield tail brush 15 is welded on the inner side of the rear part of the tail shield middle 9. When the tail shield is contracted in diameter, a circular ring plate 16 is welded on the tail shield middle front flange 903, the connecting bolts between the tail shield front and the tail shield middle 9 are removed, and a new tail shield middle 9 and a tail shield rear 11 are installed at the rear of the tail shield front contraction position on the inner side of the circular ring plate 16.

[0054] Further, the ring flow system 3 can be used to stabilize the stratum during the expansion / contraction of the shield body.

[0055] Embodiment 3

[0056] The expansion process of the shield machine host shield body capable of realizing in-situ rapid expansion and contraction comprises the following steps:

[0057] Step one, according to the construction design drawing, the shield body is processed and manufactured in the production factory, and is transported to the construction site for well drilling, assembly, debugging and tunneling.

[0058] Step two, when the shield body needs to be expanded, start the ring flow system to keep the stratum stable during the expansion of the shield body.

[0059] Step three, use the variable-diameter cutterhead to expand the excavation, complete the cutterhead expansion, and continue to excavate to meet the front shield expansion space in the cutterhead expansion state.

[0060] Step four, the front shield shell variable-diameter hydraulic cylinder 203 and the front shield inner partition variable-diameter hydraulic cylinder 204 extend forward, respectively push the front shield shell variable-diameter block 102 and the front shield inner partition variable-diameter block 202 to expand, at the same time, the front shield shell variable-diameter block 102 is filled between the adjacent blocks of the front shield shell 101, the front shield inner partition variable-diameter block 202 extends to the expansion position and fills the gap between the adjacent front shield inner partition variable-diameter blocks 202, and the front shield expansion is completed.

[0061] Step five, in the cutterhead expansion state, the shield machine continues to excavate to meet the middle shield expansion space.

[0062] Step six, the middle shield shell variable-diameter hydraulic cylinder 503 and the middle shield inner partition variable-diameter hydraulic cylinder 504 extend forward, respectively push the middle shield shell variable-diameter block 402 and the middle shield inner partition variable-diameter block 502 to expand, at the same time, the middle shield shell variable-diameter block 402 is filled between the adjacent blocks of the middle shield shell 401, and the middle shield inner partition variable-diameter block 502 extends to the expansion position, and the middle shield expansion is completed.

[0063] Step seven, in the cutterhead expansion state, the shield machine continues to excavate to meet the front and middle tail shield 9 expansion space.

[0064] Step eight, remove the connecting bolts 13 between the transition ring 10 and the tail shield rear 11.

[0065] Step nine, remove the transition ring 10 and replace it with a sealing steel plate ring 14.

[0066] Step ten, the tail shield front outer shell variable diameter hydraulic cylinder 803, the tail shield front inner bulkhead variable diameter hydraulic cylinder 804 front end extends to push the tail shield front outer shell variable diameter block 702, the tail shield front inner bulkhead variable diameter block 802 expands, simultaneously, the tail shield front outer shell variable diameter block 702 is filled between the tail shield front outer shell split block 701, the tail shield middle outer shell variable diameter block 902 is filled between the adjacent split block of tail shield middle outer shell 901, the tail shield front inner bulkhead variable diameter block 802 extends to the expansion position, completes the tail shield front and tail shield middle 9 expansion.

[0067] Step eleven, the tail shield middle rear flange 904 is cut off.

[0068] Step twelve, the tail shield brush 15 is welded on the inside of the tail shield middle 9 rear part.

[0069] Step thirteen, the tail shield rear 11, the plugging steel plate ring 14 are discarded to the stratum, and the whole shield expansion is completed.

[0070] Step fourteen, after the shield machine is excavated in the expanded state, first, the front of the cutter head and the shield body around are pre-reinforced, then the front shield outer shell bulkhead 103, the middle shield outer shell bulkhead 403 and the tail shield front outer shell bulkhead 703 are cut off, then the front shield inner shield body 1, the middle shield inner shield body 5 and the tail shield front inner shield body 8 are shortened to the reduced diameter state, finally, the shield body inner assembly type module is removed and transported to the starting shaft and is hoisted out, and the shield shell is discarded to the stratum.

[0071] Example 4

[0072] The diameter reducing process of the shield machine main shield body capable of realizing in-situ rapid expansion and reduction comprises the following steps:

[0073] Step one: when the shield machine needs to be reduced in diameter, start the circulating system to keep the stratum stable during the shield body diameter reducing process.

[0074] Step two: the variable diameter cutter head is retracted, and the cutter head diameter reduction is completed.

[0075] Step three: the front shield outer shell variable diameter hydraulic cylinder 203 and the front shield inner bulkhead variable diameter hydraulic cylinder 204 are shortened, simultaneously, the front shield outer shell variable diameter block 102 is removed between the adjacent split blocks of the front shield outer shell 101, the front shield inner bulkhead variable diameter block 202 is retracted into the front shield inner bulkhead block 201, and the front shield diameter reduction is completed.

[0076] Step four: after the front shield diameter reduction is completed, the middle shield outer shell variable diameter hydraulic cylinder 503 and the middle shield inner bulkhead variable diameter hydraulic cylinder 504 are shortened, simultaneously, the middle shield outer shell variable diameter block 402 is removed between the adjacent split blocks of the middle shield outer shell 401, the middle shield inner bulkhead variable diameter block 502 is retracted into the middle shield inner bulkhead block 501, and the middle shield diameter reduction is completed.

[0077] Step five: the connecting bolt 13 between the tail shield front and the tail shield middle 9 is removed.

[0078] Step six: weld the circular plate 16 on the front flange 903 of the tail shield.

[0079] Step seven: install the new tail shield middle 9 and tail shield rear 11 inside the circular plate 16 behind the predetermined reduced diameter position of the tail shield front.

[0080] Step eight: after the middle shield is reduced in diameter, shorten the tail shield front outer shell variable diameter hydraulic cylinder 803, the tail shield front inner partition variable diameter hydraulic cylinder 804, and at the same time, move the tail shield front outer shell variable diameter block 702 out of the adjacent blocks of the tail shield front outer shell 701, move the tail shield middle outer shell variable diameter block 902 out of the tail shield middle outer shell block 901, and retract the tail shield front inner partition variable diameter block 802 into the tail shield front inner partition block 801, to complete the reduction in diameter of the tail shield front and the tail shield middle 9.

[0081] Step nine: after the tail shield front and the tail shield middle 9 are reduced in diameter, connect the tail shield front and the new tail shield middle 9 with connecting bolts 13.

[0082] Step ten: discard the old tail shield middle 9 in the stratum, and complete the entire shield tunnel shield body diameter reduction.

[0083] The shield body expansion / reduction structure is convenient to operate, has a large expansion / reduction range, can ensure that the shape does not change significantly, the shield shell is always in a closed ring state, and the shell can be discarded and disassembled in the expansion state, thereby reducing the occupation of the construction area of a traditional station and a tunnel, pipeline relocation and interference with the traffic of a bustling street, avoiding the problem of repeated transfer of the shield tunnel machine during tunnel construction, and reducing the length of the discarded tail shield and the stratum pre-reinforcement process. The shield body has a slurry balance function, and the ring flow system can be used to maintain the stability of the stratum when the shield body is expanded or reduced in diameter. The shield method application range, the applicability of the shield tunnel machine and the construction efficiency are improved, and the green construction process of urban rail transit engineering is promoted.

[0084] Although the embodiments of the utility model have been shown and described, it can be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, replacements and variations can be made to the embodiments without departing from the principles and spirits of the utility model, and the scope of the utility model is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A shield machine main shield body capable of realizing in-situ rapid expansion and contraction, characterized in that: The application relates to a front shield, a middle shield and a tail shield. The front shield comprises a front shield outer shield body (1) and a front shield inner shield body (2), the front shield outer shield body (1) comprises a fixedly connected front shield outer shell (101) and a front shield outer shell variable-diameter block (102), the front shield inner shield body (2) comprises a front shield inner partition plate block (201), and a front shield inner partition plate variable-diameter block (202) is arranged in the front shield inner partition plate block (201). The middle shield comprises a middle shield outer shield body (4) and a middle shield inner shield body (5), the middle shield outer shield body (4) comprises a fixedly connected middle shield outer shell (401) and a middle shield outer shell variable-diameter block (402), the middle shield inner shield body (5) comprises a middle shield inner partition plate block (501), and a middle shield inner partition plate variable-diameter block (502) is arranged in the middle shield inner partition plate block (501). The tail shield comprises a tail shield front outer shield body (7) and a tail shield front inner shield body (8), the tail shield front outer shield body (7) comprises a fixedly connected tail shield front outer shell (701) and a tail shield front outer shell variable-diameter block (702), the tail shield front inner shield body (8) comprises a tail shield front inner partition plate block (801), and a tail shield front inner partition plate variable-diameter block (802) is arranged in the tail shield front inner partition plate block (801). The front shield outer shell (101), the middle shield outer shell (401) and the tail shield front outer shell (701) are all in a split block structure, the front shield outer shell variable-diameter block (102), the middle shield outer shell variable-diameter block (402) and the tail shield front outer shell variable-diameter block (702) are movably arranged between the front shield inner partition plate variable-diameter block (202), the middle shield inner partition plate variable-diameter block (502) and the tail shield front inner partition plate variable-diameter block (802) respectively, and can be moved out of or filled in between the adjacent split blocks of the front shield outer shell (101), the middle shield outer shell (401) and the tail shield front outer shell (701) respectively.

2. The shield machine main machine shield body capable of realizing in-situ rapid expansion and contraction according to claim 1, characterized in that: The front shield inner shield body further comprises a front shield outer shell variable-diameter hydraulic cylinder (203) and a front shield inner partition plate variable-diameter hydraulic cylinder (204), the front shield inner partition plate variable-diameter hydraulic cylinder (204) is connected with the front shield inner partition plate variable-diameter block (202), and the front shield outer shell variable-diameter hydraulic cylinder (203) is fixedly connected with the middle part of the front shield outer shell variable-diameter block (102); when the front shield is expanded, the front ends of the front shield outer shell variable-diameter hydraulic cylinder (203) and the front shield inner partition plate variable-diameter hydraulic cylinder (204) are extended, the front shield outer shell variable-diameter block (102) and the front shield inner partition plate variable-diameter block (202) are pushed out to an expanded position, and the front shield outer shell variable-diameter block (102) is filled in between the adjacent split blocks of the front shield outer shell (101), so that, in the expanded state, the split blocks of the front shield outer shell (101) and the adjacent front shield outer shell variable-diameter blocks (102) are sequentially spliced to form a closed space; when the front shield is contracted, the front ends of the front shield outer shell variable-diameter hydraulic cylinder (203) and the front shield inner partition plate variable-diameter hydraulic cylinder (204) are retracted, the front shield outer shell variable-diameter block (102) and the front shield inner partition plate variable-diameter block (202) are pulled to contract, the front shield outer shell variable-diameter block (102) is moved out of between the adjacent split blocks of the front shield outer shell (101), and the front shield inner partition plate variable-diameter block (202) is retracted into the front shield inner partition plate block (201), so that, in the contracted state, the adjacent split blocks of the front shield outer shell (101) are sequentially spliced to form a closed space.

3. The shield machine main machine shield body capable of realizing in-situ rapid expansion and contraction according to claim 2, characterized in that: The front shield outer shield body (1) further comprises a front shield outer shell partition plate (103), the front shield inner partition plate variable diameter block (202) is fixedly connected with the front shield outer shell partition plate (103) through anchor bolts (12) at the front part of the front shield, the middle shield outer shield body (4) further comprises a middle shield outer shell partition plate (403), the middle shield inner partition plate variable diameter block (502) is fixedly connected with the middle shield outer shell partition plate (403) through anchor bolts (12), and the tail shield front outer shield body (7) further comprises a tail shield front outer shell partition plate (703), the tail shield front inner partition plate variable diameter block (802) is fixedly connected with the tail shield front outer shell partition plate (703) through anchor bolts (12).

4. The shield machine main machine shield body capable of realizing in-situ quick expansion and contraction according to claim 1, characterized in that: The middle shield inner shield body (5) further comprises a middle shield outer shell variable diameter hydraulic cylinder (503) and a middle shield inner partition plate variable diameter hydraulic cylinder (504), the middle shield outer shell variable diameter hydraulic cylinder (503) is fixedly connected with the middle shield inner partition plate variable diameter block (502) in the middle, and the middle shield inner partition plate variable diameter hydraulic cylinder (504) is connected with the middle shield outer shell variable diameter block (402); when the middle shield is expanded in diameter, the front ends of the middle shield outer shell variable diameter hydraulic cylinder (503) and the middle shield inner partition plate variable diameter hydraulic cylinder (504) are stretched out, the middle shield outer shell variable diameter block (402) and the middle shield inner partition plate variable diameter block (502) are respectively pushed out to an expanded diameter position, and the middle shield outer shell variable diameter block (402) is filled between adjacent blocks of the middle shield outer shell (401), so that in the expanded diameter state, the blocks of the middle shield outer shell (401) and the adjacent middle shield inner partition plate variable diameter blocks (502) on both sides are sequentially spliced to form a closed space; when the middle shield is contracted in diameter, the front ends of the middle shield outer shell variable diameter hydraulic cylinder (503) and the middle shield inner partition plate variable diameter hydraulic cylinder (504) are respectively retracted, the middle shield outer shell variable diameter block (402) and the middle shield inner partition plate variable diameter block (502) are pulled to contract in diameter, the middle shield outer shell variable diameter block (402) is moved out of the adjacent blocks of the middle shield outer shell (401), and the middle shield inner partition plate variable diameter block (502) is retracted into the middle shield inner partition plate block (501), so that in the contracted diameter state, the adjacent blocks of the middle shield outer shell (401) are sequentially spliced to form a closed space.

5. The shield machine main machine shield body capable of realizing in-situ quick expansion and contraction in diameter according to claim 1, characterized in that: The tail shield front inner shield body (8) further comprises a tail shield front outer shell variable-diameter hydraulic cylinder (803) and a tail shield front inner partition variable-diameter hydraulic cylinder (804), the tail shield front outer shell variable-diameter hydraulic cylinder (803) is fixedly connected with the middle part of the tail shield front outer shell variable-diameter block (702), and the tail shield front inner partition variable-diameter hydraulic cylinder (804) is connected with the tail shield front inner partition variable-diameter block (802); when the tail shield is expanded in diameter, the tail shield front outer shell variable-diameter hydraulic cylinder (803) and the tail shield front inner partition variable-diameter hydraulic cylinder (804) extend forward, respectively push the tail shield front outer shell variable-diameter block (702) and the tail shield front inner partition variable-diameter block (802) to extend to the expanded diameter position, and fill the tail shield front outer shell variable-diameter block (702) between the adjacent blocks of the tail shield front outer shell (701), so that in the expanded diameter state, the tail shield front outer shell (701) and the adjacent tail shield front outer shell variable-diameter blocks (702) on both sides are sequentially spliced to form a closed space; when the tail shield is contracted in diameter, the tail shield front outer shell variable-diameter hydraulic cylinder (803) and the tail shield front inner partition variable-diameter hydraulic cylinder (804) are respectively retracted at the front end, pull the tail shield front outer shell variable-diameter block (702) and the tail shield front inner partition variable-diameter block (802) to contract in diameter, move the tail shield front outer shell variable-diameter block (702) out of the adjacent blocks of the tail shield front outer shell (701), and retract the tail shield front inner partition variable-diameter block (802) into the tail shield front inner partition block (801), so that in the contracted diameter state, the adjacent blocks of the tail shield front outer shell (701) are sequentially spliced to form a closed space.

6. The shield machine main machine shield body capable of realizing in-situ quick expansion and contraction according to claim 1, characterized in that: The tail shield further comprises a tail shield middle part (9) and a tail shield rear part (11), a transition ring (10) is arranged at the joint of the tail shield middle part (9) and the tail shield rear part (11), a rice-shaped beam (6) is arranged at the joint of the tail shield and the middle shield, in the contracted diameter state, the adjacent blocks of the tail shield middle part outer shell (901) are sequentially spliced to form a closed space, and in the expanded diameter state, the blocks of the tail shield middle part outer shell (901) and the adjacent tail shield middle part outer shell variable-diameter blocks (902) on both sides are sequentially spliced to form a closed space.

7. The shield machine main machine shield body capable of realizing in-situ quick expansion and contraction in diameter according to claim 2, characterized in that: The front shield outer shell variable-diameter block (102) comprises two symmetrically arranged front shield variable-diameter connecting plates (1021), the inner ends of the two front shield variable-diameter connecting plates (1021) are rotationally connected through a rotating shaft, and the outer ends of the two front shield variable-diameter connecting plates (1021) are respectively rotationally connected with the adjacent blocks of the front shield outer shell (101) through rotating shafts.

Images