Photovoltaic energy storage battery equipment and photovoltaic energy storage system

Abstract

The utility model provides photovoltaic energy storage battery equipment and a photovoltaic energy storage system, and relates to the technical field of photovoltaic energy storage. The photovoltaic energy storage battery device comprises a storage battery; the mounting device is provided with a cavity, and at least one storage battery is placed in the cavity; the refrigerating device is arranged outside the mounting device, the refrigerating device comprises a refrigerating pipeline, the refrigerating pipeline extends into the cavity to be connected or disconnected with the storage battery, and the refrigerating device can refrigerate the interior of the storage battery or the interior of the cavity through the refrigerating pipeline; the inert gas source device is arranged outside the mounting device and is used for providing inert gas for the interior of the cavity; the first gas inlet pipeline extends into the cavity and is used for communicating the inert gas source device with the cavity, and the inert gas source device conveys inert gas into the cavity through the first gas inlet pipeline; and the exhaust pipeline is used for communicating the cavity with the outside, and is used for exhausting gas in the cavity. According to the technical scheme, the safety of the storage battery can be improved, so that the problems of fire disasters and explosion caused by thermal runaway are avoided.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present disclosure relates to the field of photovoltaic energy storage technology, and in particular to a photovoltaic energy storage battery device and a photovoltaic energy storage system. BACKGROUND

[0002] Solar energy is a clean and renewable energy source that converts sunlight directly into electricity using photovoltaic panels. Photovoltaic modules are the key equipment for solar power generation, while energy storage technology is used to store energy for supply when needed. Common energy storage technologies include chemical energy storage (such as lithium-ion batteries) and physical energy storage (such as pumped hydro storage). A photovoltaic energy storage system combines solar power generation and energy storage technology, which can store excess electricity during the day when sunlight is abundant and release it at night or on cloudy days, thereby improving the flexibility of the power grid and reducing dependence on traditional energy generation.

[0003] However, despite the many advantages of photovoltaic energy storage systems, the safety of energy storage batteries remains a major challenge. In particular, lithium-ion batteries, due to their high energy density, can cause serious fire accidents if they experience thermal runaway. Thermal runaway refers to a phenomenon in which the temperature of a battery rises rapidly under certain conditions, which can lead to battery rupture, fire, or even explosion.

[0004] Therefore, there is a need for a photovoltaic energy storage battery device to at least address the above problems. SUMMARY

[0005] One technical problem to be solved by the present disclosure is how to improve the safety of lithium-ion batteries in photovoltaic energy storage systems to avoid the problems of fire and explosion caused by thermal runaway.

[0006] To solve the above technical problems, the present disclosure provides a photovoltaic energy storage battery device, comprising: a storage battery; a mounting device having a cavity, at least one storage battery being placed in the cavity; a refrigeration device disposed outside the mounting device, the refrigeration device comprising a refrigeration pipeline, the refrigeration pipeline extending into the cavity and being connected or not connected to the storage battery, the refrigeration device being capable of refrigerating the inside of the storage battery or the inside of the cavity through the refrigeration pipeline; an inert gas source device disposed outside the mounting device for providing inert gas in the cavity; a first gas inlet pipeline extending into the cavity for connecting the inert gas source device and the cavity, the inert gas source device delivering inert gas into the cavity through the first gas inlet pipeline; and an exhaust pipeline for connecting the cavity and the outside, the exhaust pipeline being used for discharging gas in the cavity.

[0007] In some embodiments, the mounting device is disposed below the ground, and the refrigeration device and the inert gas source device are disposed above the ground.

[0008] In some embodiments, the photovoltaic energy storage battery device further comprises: a first valve, which is arranged on the refrigeration pipeline and above the ground, and is used to control the opening and closing of the refrigeration pipeline; a second valve, which is arranged on the first air inlet pipeline and above the ground, and is used to control the opening and closing of the first air inlet pipeline; and a third valve, which is arranged on the air outlet pipeline and above the ground, and is used to control the opening and closing of the air outlet pipeline.

[0009] In some embodiments, the first end of the air outlet pipeline in the cavity is arranged above the storage battery in the vertical direction; and the height of the second end of the first air inlet pipeline in the cavity is lower than that of the first end in the vertical direction.

[0010] In some embodiments, the photovoltaic energy storage battery device further comprises: a second air inlet pipeline, which is used to communicate the cavity with the outside world; and the second valve is a three-way valve, and the second air inlet pipeline communicates with the first air inlet pipeline through the three-way valve.

[0011] In some embodiments, the photovoltaic energy storage battery device further comprises: a temperature detection device, which is arranged in the cavity and in contact with the outer surface of the storage battery, and is used to detect the temperature of the storage battery; and a control device, which is arranged outside the mounting device and above the ground, and is in communication connection with the temperature detection device, the second valve and the third valve, respectively, and controls the opening and closing of the second valve and / or the third valve according to the detection signal of the temperature detection device.

[0012] In some embodiments, the photovoltaic energy storage battery device further comprises: a pressure detection device, which is arranged in the cavity, and is used to detect the pressure in the cavity; and a control device, which is in communication connection with the pressure detection device, the second valve and the third valve, respectively, and controls the opening and closing of the second valve and / or the third valve according to the detection signal of the pressure detection device.

[0013] In some embodiments, the storage battery is a plurality of storage batteries; the first air inlet pipeline comprises a main pipeline and a plurality of branch pipelines, which are in communication with each other, the main pipeline is arranged outside the cavity and in communication with the inert gas source device, and the plurality of branch pipelines are arranged in the cavity and close to and correspond to the storage batteries, respectively.

[0014] In some embodiments, the refrigeration pipeline comprises a cooling liquid inlet pipeline and a cooling liquid outlet pipeline, which are in communication with the heat dissipation system inside the storage battery, respectively; and the refrigeration device further comprises a cooling medium, which enters the heat dissipation system through the cooling liquid inlet pipeline and is discharged back to the refrigeration device through the cooling liquid outlet pipeline.

[0015] The photovoltaic energy storage system provided by the embodiments of the present disclosure comprises the photovoltaic energy storage battery device.

[0016] By the technical solution, the photovoltaic energy storage battery device provided by the present disclosure replaces the air in the cavity with inert gas, reduces the oxygen concentration, and even in the case of battery failure, it is difficult to cause combustion, thereby reducing the possibility of fire or explosion caused by flammable gas generated by electrochemical reaction. The working temperature of the storage battery can be effectively controlled by the refrigeration device to prevent the storage battery from overheating and causing thermal runaway, reducing the risk of fire and explosion. The gas in the cavity is discharged through the exhaust pipeline to keep the air pressure in the cavity stable, avoiding the possibility of fire or explosion caused by excessive internal pressure of the cavity. The photovoltaic energy storage battery device provided by the present disclosure maintains a suitable temperature range through the refrigeration device, and the use of inert gas and the stability of the pressure in the cavity can effectively inhibit the risk of thermal runaway of the storage battery, and improve the safety of the photovoltaic energy storage battery device. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0017] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present disclosure or the prior art, the drawings needed to be used in the embodiments or prior art description will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present disclosure, and other drawings can be obtained by those skilled in the art without creative labor.

[0018] Figure 1 is a structural schematic diagram of the photovoltaic energy storage battery device disclosed by the present disclosure;

[0019] Figure 2 is a structural schematic diagram of the photovoltaic energy storage battery device disclosed by the present disclosure comprising a second air inlet pipeline;

[0020] Figure 3 is a structural schematic diagram of the photovoltaic energy storage battery device disclosed by the present disclosure comprising a plurality of storage batteries;

[0021] Figure 4 is a structural schematic diagram of the photovoltaic energy storage system disclosed by the present disclosure.

[0022] BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0023] 1, storage battery; 2, mounting device; 201, cavity; 3, refrigeration device; 301, cooling liquid inlet pipe; 302, cooling liquid outlet pipeline; 4, inert gas source device; 5, first air inlet pipeline; 6, exhaust pipeline; 7, second valve; 8, third valve; 9, second air inlet pipeline; 10, temperature detection device; 11, pressure detection device;

[0024] 100, photovoltaic module; 200, combiner box; 300, photovoltaic inverter; 400, photovoltaic energy storage battery device; 500, energy storage converter; 600, energy management system; 700, power grid. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0025] The embodiments of the present disclosure will be described in further detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. The following detailed description and appended drawings describe and demonstrate embodiments of the present disclosure by way of example only and are not intended to limit the scope of the present disclosure. The present disclosure can be embodied in many different forms and should not be construed as limited to the specific embodiments set forth herein; rather, these embodiments are provided so that this disclosure will be thorough and complete, and fully convey the scope of the present disclosure to those skilled in the art.

[0026] The present disclosure provides these embodiments in order to make the present disclosure thorough and complete, and to fully convey the scope of the present disclosure to those skilled in the art. It is to be noted that, unless otherwise specifically stated, the relative arrangement of components and steps, the numerical expressions, and numerical values set forth in these embodiments are to be construed as exemplary only. The above and other examples of the present disclosure are presented for the purpose of illustration only, and are not intended to be limiting.

[0027] It should be noted that, in the description of the present disclosure, unless otherwise specified, the meaning of "a plurality of" is greater than or equal to two; the orientation or positional relationship indicated by the terms "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "inner", "outer" and the like is only for facilitating the description of the present disclosure and simplifying the description, and does not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a particular orientation, be constructed and operated in a particular orientation, and therefore should not be construed as limiting the present disclosure. When the absolute position of the described object is changed, the relative positional relationship can also be changed accordingly.

[0028] In addition, the "first", "second", and similar words used in the present disclosure do not indicate any order, number, or importance, but are only used to distinguish different parts. "Vertical" is not strictly vertical, but within the allowable range of error. "Parallel" is not strictly parallel, but within the allowable range of error. "Include" or "contain" and similar words mean that the elements before the word cover the elements listed after the word, and do not exclude the possibility of also covering other elements.

[0029] It should also be noted that, in the description of the present disclosure, unless otherwise specifically stated and limited, the terms "mount", "connect", "connection" should be interpreted broadly, for example, can be fixedly connected, can be detachably connected, or integrally connected; can be directly connected, or indirectly connected through an intermediate medium. For those skilled in the art, the specific meaning of the above terms in the present disclosure can be understood according to the specific circumstances. When it is described that a specific device is located between a first device and a second device, there can be an intermediate device between the specific device and the first device or the second device, or there can be no intermediate device.

[0030] All terms used in the present disclosure have the same meaning as understood by those of ordinary skill in the art to which the present disclosure belongs, unless otherwise specifically defined. It should also be understood that terms defined in general dictionaries should be interpreted in a manner consistent with their meanings in the context of the relevant art, and should not be interpreted in an idealized or overly formalized sense, unless specifically defined herein.

[0031] Techniques, methods, and devices known to those of ordinary skill in the relevant art can not be discussed in detail, but should be considered part of the specification where appropriate.

[0032] Embodiment 1

[0033] To solve the problems existing in the prior art, such as Figures 1 to 3 As shown in the accompanying drawings, the embodiments of the present disclosure provide a photovoltaic energy storage battery device, comprising: a storage battery 1; a mounting device 2, the mounting device 2 has a cavity 201, at least one storage battery 1 is placed in the cavity 201; a refrigeration device 3, the refrigeration device 3 is arranged outside the mounting device 2, the refrigeration device 3 comprises a refrigeration pipeline, the refrigeration pipeline extends into the cavity 201 and is connected or not connected with the storage battery 1, the refrigeration device 3 can refrigerate the inside of the storage battery 1 or the inside of the cavity 201 through the refrigeration pipeline; an inert gas source device 4, the inert gas source device 4 is arranged outside the mounting device 2, for providing inert gas in the cavity 201; a first air inlet pipeline 5, the first air inlet pipeline 5 extends into the cavity 201, for connecting the inert gas source device 4 and the cavity 201, the inert gas source device 4 transports inert gas into the cavity 201 through the first air inlet pipeline 5; and an exhaust pipeline 6, the exhaust pipeline 6 is used to connect the cavity 201 and the outside, the exhaust pipeline 6 is used to discharge the gas in the cavity 201.

[0034] The storage battery 1 is responsible for storing the electrical energy converted by the photovoltaic system, and can adopt lithium ion battery, lead-acid battery or other types of battery, which has good charge and discharge performance and high energy density. The mounting device 2 can be a shell with a cavity 201 structure for accommodating at least one storage battery 1, such as a rectangular box structure, to provide a controlled environment to protect the storage battery 1 from external factors.

[0035] Since the storage battery 1 generates heat during operation, overheating can affect the performance of the storage battery 1 and even cause safety problems. Therefore, the photovoltaic energy storage battery device provided by the embodiment of the present disclosure includes a refrigeration device 3, and the refrigeration device 3 includes a refrigeration pipeline that extends into the cavity 201 and can be in direct contact with the storage battery 1 for cooling (such as a liquid cooling plate directly attached to the surface of the battery) or indirect cooling (such as an air cooling system that sends air to the inside of the cavity 201 through a pipeline). The refrigeration device 3 cools the inside of the storage battery 1 or the inside of the cavity 201 through the refrigeration pipeline, which can reduce the operating temperature of the storage battery 1 or control the temperature in the cavity 201 to maintain an appropriate operating temperature and prevent thermal runaway caused by overheating. The refrigeration device 3 can use a compressor refrigeration, absorption refrigeration or other refrigeration methods.

[0036] The inert gas source device 4 can use nitrogen, argon or other inert gases as protective gas. The inert gas source device 4 is arranged outside the mounting device 2, and inert gas is transported into the cavity 201 through the first gas inlet pipeline 5 to replace the air in the cavity 201 and reduce the oxygen content, thereby reducing the risk of fire or explosion. The gas outlet pipeline 6 is used to exhaust the gas in the cavity 201 to the outside environment to ensure the stability of the pressure in the cavity 201 and help remove harmful gases that may exist.

[0037] The photovoltaic energy storage battery device provided by the embodiment of the present disclosure replaces the air in the cavity 201 with inert gas to reduce the oxygen concentration, so that even in the case of battery failure, it is difficult to cause combustion, thereby reducing the possibility of fire or explosion caused by flammable gas generated by electrochemical reaction. The refrigeration device 3 can effectively control the operating temperature of the storage battery 1 to prevent thermal runaway of the storage battery 1 caused by overheating and reduce the risk of fire and explosion. The gas in the cavity 201 is discharged through the gas outlet pipeline 6 to maintain the stability of the air pressure in the cavity 201, avoiding the possibility of fire or explosion caused by excessive internal pressure of the cavity 201. The photovoltaic energy storage battery device provided by the embodiment of the present disclosure maintains an appropriate temperature range by the refrigeration device 3, plus the use of inert gas and the stability of the pressure in the cavity 201, which can effectively suppress the risk of thermal runaway of the storage battery 1 and improve the safety of the photovoltaic energy storage battery device.

[0038] In some embodiments, the mounting device 2 is arranged below the ground, and the refrigeration device 3 and the inert gas source device 4 are arranged above the ground.

[0039] The mounting device 2 is buried below the ground. Since the underground environment is generally more stable than the ground, the temperature change is small, which is conducive to keeping the storage battery 1 in a relatively constant operating temperature range. Secondly, the underground space can better isolate the storage battery 1 from the external environment, further reducing the influence of external factors on the storage battery 1.

[0040] The refrigeration device 3 is installed on the ground for easy maintenance and repair. It is connected to the storage battery 1 in the underground installation device 2 through the refrigeration pipeline, which can be a direct cooling system or an indirect cooling system. Similarly, the inert gas source device 4 is also placed on the ground for easy maintenance and repair. Inert gas (such as nitrogen) is delivered to the underground installation device 2 through the first gas inlet pipeline 5 to dilute oxygen and reduce the risk of fire. The exhaust pipeline 6 extends from the underground installation device 2 to the ground to discharge the gas in the cavity 201.

[0041] By burying the installation device 2 underground and placing the refrigeration device 3 and the inert gas source device 4 on the ground, not only can the safety of the storage battery 1 be effectively improved, but also the maintenance convenience of the refrigeration device 3 and the inert gas source device 4 can be considered.

[0042] In some embodiments, the photovoltaic energy storage battery device further comprises: a first valve provided on the refrigeration pipeline and located above the ground for controlling the opening and closing of the refrigeration pipeline; a second valve 7 provided on the first gas inlet pipeline 5 and located above the ground for controlling the opening and closing of the first gas inlet pipeline 5; a third valve 8 provided on the exhaust pipeline 6 and located above the ground for controlling the opening and closing of the exhaust pipeline 6.

[0043] The first valve is provided on the refrigeration pipeline. When the refrigeration function needs to be started or stopped, the flow of refrigerant can be controlled by opening or closing the first valve. This allows the device to flexibly adjust the refrigeration capacity according to actual needs, saving energy. The second valve 7 is installed on the first gas inlet pipeline 5 to control the delivery of inert gas. When it is not necessary to supplement inert gas into the cavity 201, the second valve 7 can be closed to prevent unnecessary gas waste. The third valve 8 is provided on the exhaust pipeline 6 to control the discharge of gas in the cavity 201. When the gas in the cavity 201 needs to be replaced or excess gas needs to be discharged, the third valve 8 is opened, and when no exhaust is needed, the valve is closed to maintain the balance of gas pressure in the cavity 201.

[0044] The three valves can be flow control valves, stop valves, ball valves, solenoid valves, etc. Through these three valves, the photovoltaic energy storage battery device can more accurately control the process of refrigeration, inert gas injection and gas discharge. This helps to achieve more precise energy management and environmental control, thereby improving overall performance. Since all valves are located above the ground, maintenance personnel can easily access and check, switch or repair the valves without entering the underground space.

[0045] In some embodiments, the first end of the exhaust pipeline 6 located in the cavity 201 is vertically arranged above the storage battery 1, and the height of the second end of the first gas inlet pipeline 5 located in the cavity 201 is lower than that of the first end in the vertical direction.

[0046] One end (i.e. the first end) of the exhaust pipeline 6 is arranged above the storage battery 1 along the vertical direction. This means that the exhaust port is located at a higher position of the cavity 201, so that the gas in the cavity 201 can be more easily exhausted. The height of one end (i.e. the second end) of the first air inlet pipeline 5 in the vertical direction is lower than that of the first end of the exhaust pipeline 6. That is, the position where the inert gas enters the cavity 201 is at a lower position, so that the inert gas can flow upward from the bottom. Since the density of the inert gas is usually higher than that of air, entering from the bottom can more quickly cover the area of the storage battery 1, reduce the oxygen content, and then rise to the upper part, so as to effectively push the original gas (such as air) in the cavity 201 to move upward and be exhausted through the exhaust pipeline 6.

[0047] In some embodiments, as shown in Figure 2 The photovoltaic energy storage battery device further comprises a second air inlet pipeline 9 for connecting the cavity 201 and the outside world, and the second valve 7 is a three-way valve, and the second air inlet pipeline 9 is connected with the first air inlet pipeline 5 through the three-way valve.

[0048] The second air inlet pipeline 9 is designed to connect the cavity 201 and the external environment, so as to introduce fresh air or other necessary gas. The three-way valve used can realize switching or simultaneous connection between the two air inlet pipelines. The three-way valve can accurately control the gas flow between the first air inlet pipeline 5 and the second air inlet pipeline 9, so as to selectively introduce inert gas or external gas into the cavity 201 according to the needs. For example, under normal circumstances, the three-way valve will open the air inlet side to face the atmospheric environment, fill the air through the second air inlet pipeline 9, and exhaust the air through the control of the third valve 8 to make the exhaust pipeline 6, so as to maintain the stability of the air pressure in the cavity. When the internal temperature of the storage battery 1 exceeds the safety threshold, the three-way valve will turn to the inert gas source device 4, inject high-pressure inert gas into the cavity 201 through the first air inlet pipeline 5, so as to isolate the air and prevent the storage battery 1 from catching fire.

[0049] The design of the three-way valve makes the device flexible to select the use of inert gas or external gas for gas exchange in the cavity 201, to adapt to the needs of different application scenarios. By reasonably allocating the use of inert gas and external air, not only the safety is guaranteed, but also the consumption of inert gas is effectively reduced, thereby reducing the operating cost. Moreover, in the maintenance process, the use of the three-way valve makes the switching of the gas source more convenient, for example, when the inert gas source device 4 is overhauled, external air can be directly introduced without stopping the system operation.

[0050] In some embodiments, the second valve 7 can be a bidirectional valve, ensuring that the cavity 201 is always filled with inert gas. In this way, even if the battery 1 is in a thermal runaway state, the battery 1 will not catch fire due to the lack of conditions for combustion, thereby ensuring the safety of the photovoltaic energy storage battery device.

[0051] In some embodiments, the photovoltaic energy storage battery device further comprises a temperature detection device 10, which is arranged in the cavity 201 and in contact with the outer surface of the battery 1, for detecting the temperature of the battery 1; and a control device, which is arranged outside the mounting device 2 and above the ground, and is in communication connection with the temperature detection device 10, the second valve 7 and the third valve 8, respectively. The control device controls the on-off of the second valve 7 and / or the third valve 8 according to the detection signal of the temperature detection device 10.

[0052] The temperature detection device 10 is installed in the cavity 201 and directly contacts the outer surface of the battery 1, for real-time monitoring of the temperature change of the battery. This device can accurately capture the actual temperature condition of the battery, and common sensors can be used, including thermocouples, thermistors and platinum resistors. The control device, usually a PLC control device, is located above the ground outside the mounting device 2, which is convenient for operation and maintenance. The control device is in communication connection with the temperature detection device 10, the second valve 7 and the third valve 8 through wired or wireless mode.

[0053] The control device receives the temperature signal transmitted by the temperature detection device 10, and controls the opening and closing of the second valve 7 and / or the third valve 8 according to the preset temperature threshold. When the temperature of the battery 1 is detected to exceed the preset upper limit, the control device will instruct to open the second valve 7, and inject inert gas into the cavity 201 through the first gas inlet pipeline 5, so as to isolate the air and prevent the battery 1 from catching fire. At the same time, the third valve 8 is controlled so that the gas in the cavity 201 can be discharged through the exhaust pipeline 6, thereby adjusting the pressure in the cavity 201. Through the cooperation of the temperature detection device 10 and the control device, automatic monitoring and adjustment of the temperature of the battery 1 are realized, effectively preventing the thermal runaway phenomenon caused by overheating, and improving the overall safety of the system.

[0054] In some embodiments, the photovoltaic energy storage battery device further comprises a pressure detection device 11, which is arranged in the cavity 201, for detecting the pressure in the cavity 201; and a control device, which is in communication connection with the pressure detection device 11, the second valve 7 and the third valve 8, respectively. The control device controls the on-off of the second valve 7 and / or the third valve 8 according to the detection signal of the pressure detection device 11.

[0055] The pressure detection device 11 is located inside the cavity 201 and is responsible for real-time monitoring of the pressure changes inside the cavity 201. This device can be a pressure sensor or other types of pressure measurement equipment, such as a pressure switch, which can accurately reflect the pressure conditions inside the cavity 201. The control device is located above the ground outside the installation device 2 and is in communication with the pressure detection device 11, the second valve 7, and the third valve 8.

[0056] The control device receives signals from the pressure detection device 11 and controls the opening or closing of the valves according to the pre-set pressure threshold. If the pressure detection device 11 detects that the pressure inside the cavity 201 exceeds the pre-set upper limit, the control device will instruct the opening of the third valve 8, allowing the gas inside the cavity to be discharged through the exhaust pipeline 6, thereby reducing the pressure. Conversely, if the pressure inside the cavity is below the pre-set lower limit, the control device will open the second valve 7 of the second gas inlet pipeline 9 to introduce external gas (air or inert gas) to increase the pressure. Within the normal working range, the control device keeps the valves closed to maintain the stability of the pressure inside the cavity. By real-time monitoring and automatic adjustment of the states of the second valve 7 and the third valve 8, effective control of the pressure inside the cavity 201 is achieved. This mechanism helps to avoid structural damage or ventilation problems caused by abnormal pressure, thereby ensuring the safe operation of the photovoltaic energy storage battery device.

[0057] In some embodiments, as shown in Figure 3 The storage battery 1 is multiple; the first gas inlet pipeline 5 includes a main pipeline and multiple branch pipelines that are in communication with each other. The main pipeline extends from inside the cavity 201 to the outside and is connected to the inert gas source device 4. The multiple branch pipelines are located inside the cavity 201, with each branch pipeline being arranged near and corresponding to one storage battery 1.

[0058] Multiple storage batteries 1 are placed inside the cavity 201. These batteries can be connected in series or parallel to form part of the energy storage system. The first gas inlet pipeline 5 is designed to include a main pipeline and multiple branch pipelines. The main pipeline extends from inside the cavity 201 to the outside and is connected to the external inert gas source device 4. The multiple branch pipelines are located inside the cavity 201, with each branch pipeline being arranged near one storage battery 1, ensuring that inert gas can be uniformly delivered to the surroundings of each storage battery 1. After the inert gas from the inert gas source device 4 enters the cavity 201 through the main pipeline, it is delivered to the vicinity of the corresponding storage battery 1 through each branch pipeline. This design allows inert gas to be more evenly distributed throughout the cavity 201, especially around the storage batteries 1.

[0059] Through the design of multiple branch pipes, inert gas can be evenly distributed around each storage battery 1, effectively reducing the oxygen concentration and reducing the risk of fire or explosion. The multi-point gas supply mode can also ensure that even if part of the pipeline fails, other storage batteries 1 can still be protected by sufficient inert gas, thereby improving the overall safety of the photovoltaic energy storage battery device.

[0060] In some embodiments, the refrigeration pipeline includes a cooling liquid inlet pipe 301 and a cooling liquid outlet pipe 302, which are respectively connected to the heat dissipation system inside the storage battery 1; the refrigeration device 3 also includes a cooling medium, which enters the heat dissipation system through the cooling liquid inlet pipe 301 and is discharged back into the refrigeration device 3 through the cooling liquid outlet pipe 302.

[0061] The refrigeration pipeline is composed of a cooling liquid inlet pipe 301 and a cooling liquid outlet pipe 302, which are connected to the heat dissipation system inside the storage battery 1, forming a closed cooling liquid circulation. The cooling liquid inlet pipe 301 starts from the refrigeration device 3, passes through the mounting device 2 into the cavity 201, and is connected to the heat dissipation system inside the storage battery 1. The cooling medium is transported to the inside of the storage battery 1 through this pipe, and absorbs the heat generated by the storage battery 1 during charging and discharging. The cooling liquid outlet pipe 302 is also connected to the heat dissipation system inside the storage battery 1, responsible for extracting the cooling medium that has absorbed heat from the storage battery 1 and returning it to the refrigeration device 3. The function of this part of the pipeline is to remove the heated cooling medium for cooling treatment in the refrigeration device 3. The cooling medium can be a water-based solution or a special cooling liquid, which has excellent thermal conductivity and chemical stability, and circulates in the heat dissipation system inside the storage battery 1 through the inlet and outlet pipes to absorb and remove heat. The refrigeration device 3 can use existing devices, not only to provide cooling medium, but also to include cooling system components (such as heat exchangers, compressors, etc.), which function to release the heat brought out from the storage battery 1 to the environment, and to cool the medium again for recycling. Through this cooling liquid circulation system, the heat generated by the storage battery 1 can be effectively removed to prevent the storage battery 1 from being damaged or experiencing thermal runaway due to overheating, thereby improving the stability and safety of the photovoltaic energy storage battery device.

[0062] The photovoltaic energy storage battery device provided by the embodiments of the present disclosure can effectively and timely suppress the thermal runaway of the storage battery 1 by controlling temperature, pressure, and oxygen isolation, thereby preventing fire spread caused by thermal runaway and improving the safety of the energy storage battery.

[0063] Embodiment 2

[0064] Embodiment 2 of the present disclosure provides a photovoltaic energy storage system including the photovoltaic energy storage battery device 400 provided in embodiment 1.

[0065] like Figure 4 As shown, based on the photovoltaic energy storage battery device 400 in Example 1, the photovoltaic energy storage system in Example 2 further integrates elements such as photovoltaic module 100, combiner box 200, photovoltaic inverter 300, energy storage converter 500, energy management system 600 (EMS) and power grid 700.

[0066] This photovoltaic energy storage system significantly improves solar energy utilization efficiency and reduces energy waste through the coordinated operation of photovoltaic modules 100 and energy storage battery devices. Through energy management, the system reduces the need to purchase electricity from the grid 700, lowers electricity costs, and may generate additional revenue by selling electricity back to the grid 700. Thanks to the photovoltaic energy storage battery device 400 in Example 1, the energy storage battery can operate in a more stable environment, thereby enhancing the stability and reliability of the entire photovoltaic energy storage system.

[0067] The embodiments of this disclosure have now been described in detail. To avoid obscuring the concept of this disclosure, some details known in the art have not been described. Those skilled in the art can fully understand how to implement the technical solutions disclosed herein based on the above description.

[0068] While specific embodiments of this disclosure have been described in detail by way of examples, those skilled in the art should understand that the examples are for illustrative purposes only and not intended to limit the scope of this disclosure. Those skilled in the art should understand that modifications can be made to the above embodiments or equivalent substitutions can be made to some technical features without departing from the scope and spirit of this disclosure. In particular, as long as there is no structural conflict, the technical features mentioned in the various embodiments can be combined in any manner.

Claims

1. A photovoltaic energy storage cell device, characterized by, The application relates to a photovoltaic energy storage battery device, which comprises the following components: a storage battery (1); a mounting device (2) provided with a cavity (201) in which at least one storage battery (1) is arranged; a refrigeration device (3) arranged outside the mounting device (2), wherein the refrigeration device (3) comprises a refrigeration pipeline which extends into the cavity (201) and is connected or not connected with the storage battery (1), and the refrigeration device (3) can refrigerate the inside of the storage battery (1) or the cavity (201) through the refrigeration pipeline; an inert gas source device (4) arranged outside the mounting device (2) and used for providing inert gas into the cavity (201); a first air inlet pipeline (5) extending into the cavity (201) and used for connecting the inert gas source device (4) with the cavity (201), so that the inert gas source device (4) can deliver inert gas into the cavity (201) through the first air inlet pipeline (5); and an air outlet pipeline (6) used for connecting the cavity (201) with the outside and used for discharging gas in the cavity (201).

2. The photovoltaic energy storage battery device according to claim 1, wherein the mounting device (2) is arranged below the ground, and the refrigeration device (3) and the inert gas source device (4) are arranged above the ground. Further comprising:

3. The photovoltaic energy storage cell apparatus of claim 2, wherein, a first valve arranged on the refrigeration pipeline and above the ground and used for controlling the opening and closing of the refrigeration pipeline; a second valve (7) arranged on the first air inlet pipeline (5) and above the ground and used for controlling the opening and closing of the first air inlet pipeline (5); a third valve (8) arranged on the air outlet pipeline (6) and above the ground and used for controlling the opening and closing of the air outlet pipeline (6).

4. The photovoltaic energy storage battery device according to claim 1, wherein the first end of the air outlet pipeline (6) in the cavity (201) is arranged above the storage battery (1) in the vertical direction; the height of the second end of the first air inlet pipeline (5) in the cavity (201) is lower than the position of the first end in the vertical direction. Further comprising: a second air inlet pipeline (9) used for connecting the cavity (201) with the outside; 5. The photovoltaic energy storage cell apparatus of claim 3, wherein, the second valve (7) is a three-way valve, and the second air inlet pipeline (9) is connected with the first air inlet pipeline (5) through the three-way valve. Further comprising: a temperature detection device (10) arranged in the cavity (201) and in contact with the outer surface of the storage battery (1) and used for detecting the temperature of the storage battery (1).

6. The photovoltaic energy storage cell apparatus of claim 3, wherein, ​ ​ A control device is arranged outside the mounting device (2) and above the ground, which is in communication connection with the temperature detection device (10), the second valve (7) and the third valve (8) respectively, and controls the on-off of the second valve (7) and / or the third valve (8) according to the detection signal of the temperature detection device (10).

7. The photovoltaic energy storage cell apparatus of claim 6, wherein, Further comprising: A pressure detection device (11) is arranged in the cavity (201) for detecting the pressure in the cavity (201); The control device is in communication connection with the pressure detection device (11), the second valve (7) and the third valve (8) respectively, and controls the on-off of the second valve (7) and / or the third valve (8) according to the detection signal of the pressure detection device (11).

8. The photovoltaic energy storage battery device according to claim 1, wherein The storage battery (1) is multiple; The first air inlet pipeline (5) comprises a main pipeline and multiple branch pipelines which are in communication with each other, the main pipeline is arranged outside the cavity (201) and in communication with the inert gas source device (4), and the multiple branch pipelines are arranged in the cavity (201) and close to and correspond to the storage batteries (1) respectively.

9. The photovoltaic energy storage battery device according to claim 1, wherein The refrigeration pipeline comprises a cooling liquid inlet pipeline (301) and a cooling liquid outlet pipeline (302), which are in communication with the heat dissipation system inside the storage battery (1) respectively; The refrigeration device (3) further comprises a cooling medium, which enters the heat dissipation system through the cooling liquid inlet pipeline (301) and is discharged back to the refrigeration device (3) through the cooling liquid outlet pipeline (302).

10. A photovoltaic energy storage system, characterized by, The photovoltaic energy storage battery device according to any one of claims 1 to 9.

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