Sowing and soil covering device

Abstract

The utility model relates to the technical field of agricultural planting mechanical equipment, and particularly discloses a seeding and soil covering device which comprises a rack, and a conveying mechanism, a seeding mechanism and a soil covering mechanism which are arranged on the rack, the seeding mechanism comprises a seed hopper and a seeding disc, and a seed falling opening is formed in the bottom of the seed hopper; a seed falling opening is formed in the bottom of the seeding tray, a seeding roller used for controlling seeds to fall out is rotatably arranged at the seed falling opening, the seeding tray is arranged under the seed falling opening, a fixed seeding plate is arranged at the bottom of the seeding tray, and first seeding holes corresponding to the grooves in the seeding tray are formed in the fixed seeding plate; a scraping plate for scraping seeds into the first seeding holes is movably arranged in the seeding disc, a movable seeding plate is arranged below the fixed seeding plate in an interactive manner, second seeding holes corresponding to the first seeding holes one by one are formed in the movable seeding plate, and the movable seeding plate is connected with a driving structure. According to the sowing and soil covering device disclosed by the utility model, seeds can be accurately sown into the grooves of the seedling tray, and the sowing uniformity is improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of agricultural planting machinery and equipment, and in particular to a sowing and covering device. Background Technology

[0002] When using seedling trays for sowing and seedling raising, manual sowing is inefficient and results in uneven seed distribution. Therefore, utility model patent CN201639961U discloses a rice seedling tray sowing machine that automatically covers the seedling tray with soil and sows seeds, thus improving sowing efficiency. However, the sowing device of this machine requires a conveyor to move the seedling tray at a certain speed. During this movement, the sowing device struggles to accurately place the seeds into the grooves of the seedling tray, leading to uneven seed distribution. Summary of the Invention

[0003] The present invention aims to solve at least one of the aforementioned technical problems by providing a sowing and covering device that can accurately sow seeds into the grooves of the seedling tray, thereby improving the uniformity of sowing.

[0004] To achieve the above objectives, the technical solution adopted by this utility model is as follows: a sowing and covering device, including a frame, and a conveying mechanism, a sowing mechanism, and a covering mechanism installed on the frame. The sowing mechanism and the covering mechanism are arranged sequentially along the conveying direction of the conveying mechanism. The conveying mechanism is used for conveying seedling trays, the sowing mechanism is used for sowing seeds into the grooves of the seedling trays, and the covering mechanism is used for covering the seeds in the grooves with soil. The sowing mechanism includes a seed hopper and a sowing disc. The bottom of the seed hopper is provided with a seed outlet, and a sowing roller is rotatably provided at the seed outlet to control the seed drop. The sowing disc is set at... Directly below the seed inlet, a fixed seeding plate is provided at the bottom of the seeding tray. The fixed seeding plate has first seeding holes arranged on it, corresponding to the grooves on the seedling tray. A scraper is movably installed inside the seeding tray to scrape the seeds into the first seeding holes. A movable seeding plate is interactively installed below the fixed seeding plate. The movable seeding plate has second seeding holes that correspond one-to-one with the first seeding holes. The movable seeding plate is connected to a driving structure, which can drive the movable seeding plate to move relative to the fixed seeding plate, so that the second seeding holes are connected to the first seeding holes, or the second seeding holes are staggered with the first seeding holes.

[0005] Preferably, the conveying mechanism includes a tray, a slide rail is provided on the frame, a roller is provided at the bottom of the tray to slide in cooperation with the slide rail, and the tray is connected to a drive component to drive it to slide along the slide rail.

[0006] Preferably, the drive assembly includes a conveyor belt and a transmission structure for driving the conveyor belt to rotate cyclically. A push block is fixedly installed on the conveyor belt, and a push rod that abuts and cooperates with the push block is installed on the pallet.

[0007] Preferably, the seeding roller is connected to a first drive motor, and multiple rows of seeding scoops are arranged around the seeding roller, with a first baffle on the seed drop opening that fits the gap between two adjacent seeding scoops.

[0008] Preferably, the seeding tray is symmetrically provided with sliding rods on both sides, and the scraper is fixedly installed with sliders that slide in cooperation with the sliding rods on both sides. The sliders are connected to a belt drive structure, which drives the sliders to slide back and forth along the sliding rods.

[0009] Preferably, the bottom of the fixed seeding plate is provided with two parallel sliding grooves, the two sides of the movable seeding plate slide in cooperation with the sliding grooves, one end of the movable seeding plate is provided with a connecting plate, the connecting plate is provided with a limit groove, the driving mechanism includes a second motor, a driving block is installed on the output shaft of the second motor, and a protrusion that slides in cooperation with the limit groove is eccentrically provided on the driving block.

[0010] Preferably, the soil covering mechanism includes a soil hopper, a soil inlet at the bottom of the soil hopper, a soil covering roller at the soil inlet, a third drive motor connected to the soil covering roller, and multiple rows of soil covering scoops arranged around the soil covering roller. A second baffle is provided on the soil inlet to fit the gap between two adjacent soil covering scoops.

[0011] Preferably, a scraping roller is rotatably mounted on the side of the soil hopper located away from the sowing mechanism from the soil inlet.

[0012] Preferably, a recycling hopper is provided below both the seedling tray and the soil hopper.

[0013] Preferably, the sowing mechanism is provided with a seed conveyor belt for conveying seeds into the seed hopper, and the soil covering mechanism is provided with a soil conveyor belt for conveying soil into the soil hopper.

[0014] The beneficial effects are as follows: Compared with the prior art, the sowing and covering device of this utility model is equipped with a conveying mechanism, a sowing mechanism, and a covering mechanism. The conveying mechanism enables automated conveying of the seedling tray, while the sowing mechanism automatically sows seeds into the grooves of the seedling tray, and the covering mechanism automatically covers the seeds in the grooves with soil, thereby achieving automated sowing and covering of the seedling tray. When sowing, the sowing mechanism provides seeds to the sowing tray through the seed hopper and scrapes the seeds into the first sowing hole through the scraper. When the seedling tray is conveyed to the bottom of the sowing tray, it stops moving. The driving mechanism drives the movable plate to move so that the second sowing hole corresponds to the first sowing hole and connects one by one. This allows the seeds in the first sowing hole to fall accurately into the grooves on the seedling tray through the second sowing hole, thus completing the sowing of the seedling tray in one go, improving the sowing efficiency of the seedling tray and the uniformity of seed distribution. Attached Figure Description

[0015] The specific embodiments of this utility model will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings, wherein:

[0016] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a seeding and covering device according to this application;

[0017] Figure 2 This is a partially enlarged schematic diagram of the conveying mechanism;

[0018] Figure 3 This is a structural diagram of a seeding tray from one perspective.

[0019] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the seeding tray from another perspective;

[0020] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the seed hopper structure;

[0021] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the earthen bucket structure;

[0022] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the soil covering roller. Detailed Implementation

[0023] The technical solutions of the present utility model will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings of the embodiments. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present utility model, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present utility model, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative effort are within the protection scope of the present utility model.

[0024] It should be noted that when a component is described as "fixed to" another component, it can be directly on the other component or may have a central component. When a component is described as "connected to" another component, it can be directly connected to the other component or may have a central component. When a component is described as "set on" another component, it can be directly set on the other component or may have a central component. When a component is described as "set in the middle," it is not simply set in the exact center, as long as it is not set within the area defined by both ends being in the middle. The terms "vertical," "horizontal," "left," "right," and similar expressions used in this document are for illustrative purposes only.

[0025] Unless otherwise defined, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this invention pertains. The terminology used herein is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting of the invention. The term "and / or" as used herein includes any and all combinations of one or more of the associated listed items.

[0026] like Figures 1 to 7As shown, this application discloses a sowing and covering device, including a frame 1, and a conveying mechanism 2, a sowing mechanism 3, and a covering mechanism 4 installed on the frame 1. The frame 1 can be a frame structure welded from metal profiles. The sowing mechanism 3 and the covering mechanism 4 are arranged sequentially along the conveying direction of the conveying mechanism 2. The conveying mechanism 2 is used for conveying the seedling tray, and when the conveying mechanism 2 conveys the seedling tray to directly below the sowing mechanism 3, it can stop conveying the seedling tray. The sowing mechanism 3 is used for sowing seeds into the grooves of the seedling tray, and the covering mechanism 4 is used for... Soil is covered over the seeds in the groove. The sowing mechanism 3 includes a seed hopper 5 and a sowing tray 6 fixedly mounted on the frame 1. The seed hopper 5 is funnel-shaped, wider at the top and narrower at the bottom. The top of the seed hopper 5 has a seed filling port, and the bottom of the seed hopper 5 has a seed dropping port 7. A sowing roller 8 is rotatably mounted at the seed dropping port 7 to control the seeds falling out. The sowing roller 8 controls the seeds in the seed hopper 5 to fall from the seed dropping port 7. The sowing tray 6 is positioned directly below the seed dropping port 7 so that the seeds falling from the seed dropping port 7 can fall into the sowing tray 6. In the seeding tray 6, a fixed seeding plate 9 is provided at the bottom. The fixed seeding plate 9 has first seeding holes 10 arranged on it, corresponding to the grooves on the seedling tray. Each seeding hole can only hold 3-4 seeds. A scraper 11 is movably installed inside the seeding tray 6 to scrape the seeds into the first seeding holes 10. The scraper 11 can move from one end of the seeding tray 6 to the other end, and during this movement, it can scrape the seeds in the seeding tray 6 into the first seeding holes 10. The other end of the seeding tray 6 can be provided with a scraping opening 42 to allow the scraper to... After the seed feeding is performed, excess seeds in the seeding tray 6 can be discharged through the scraping port 42. A movable seeding plate 12 is interactively provided below the fixed seeding plate 9. The movable seeding plate 12 is provided with second seeding holes 20 that correspond one-to-one with the first seeding holes 10. The movable seeding plate 12 is connected to a driving structure, which can drive the movable seeding plate 12 to move relative to the fixed seeding plate 9, so that the second seeding holes 20 are connected to the first seeding holes 10, or the second seeding holes 20 and the first seeding holes 10 are staggered.

[0027] like Figure 2As shown, in one preferred embodiment of this application, the conveying mechanism 2 includes a tray 13, a slide rail 14 is provided on the frame 1, and rollers 15 that slide and cooperate with the slide rail 14 are provided at the bottom of the tray 13. The tray 13 is connected to a drive assembly that drives it to slide along the slide rail 14. Specifically, the size of the tray 13 is matched with that of the seedling tray, and the edge of the tray 13 is provided with a retaining edge to position the seedling tray placed on the tray 13 and improve the stability of the seedling tray. The slide rail 14 is arranged along the length direction of the frame 1, and two parallel slide rails are arranged. Rollers 15 that cooperate with the two slide rails 14 are provided on both sides of the bottom of the tray 13. The drive assembly drives the tray 13 to slide along the slide rail 14, thereby realizing the conveying of the seedling tray placed on the tray 13. Furthermore, the drive assembly may include a conveyor belt 16 and a transmission structure 17 for driving the conveyor belt 16 to rotate cyclically. A push block 18 is fixedly installed on the conveyor belt 16, and a push rod 19 that abuts against the push block 18 is installed on the pallet 13. The transmission structure 17 may be a belt pulley transmission structure 17, which includes a drive wheel and a driven wheel. The drive wheel is connected to a motor. The conveyor belt 16 is circular, and its two ends are respectively wound around the drive wheel and the driven wheel. The drive wheel is driven to rotate by the motor, thereby driving the conveyor belt 16 to rotate cyclically. During the rotation of the conveyor belt 16, the push block 18 can abut against the push rod 19 and drive the push rod 19 to move, thereby driving the pallet 13. Furthermore, in order to improve the stability of the movement of the pallet 13, push rods 19 may be provided on both opposite sides of the bottom of the support rod, and the two push rods 19 are respectively connected to the drive assembly.

[0028] like Figure 5 As shown, in one specific embodiment of this application, the seeding roller 8 is connected to a first drive motor 21, which drives the seeding roller 8 to rotate. Multiple rows of seeding scoops 22 are arranged around the seeding roller 8. The seed drop opening 7 is provided with a first baffle 23 that fits the gap between two adjacent seeding scoops 22. Seeds in the seed hopper 5 are loaded into the seeding scoops 22. The first drive motor 21 drives the seeding roller 8 to rotate, so that the seeding scoops 22 containing the seeds rotate to the lower part of the seeding roller 8, thereby allowing the seeds in the seeding scoops 22 to fall into the seeding tray 6, thus providing seeds to the seeding tray 6. Since the gap between two adjacent seeding scoops 22 is closed by the first baffle 23, the seeds cannot fall through the gap between the two adjacent seeding scoops 22. Only by driving the seeding roller 8 to rotate, so that the seeding scoops 22 containing the seeds rotate to the lower part of the seeding roller 8, can the seeds be transported.

[0029] In addition, such as Figure 3 and Figure 4As shown, the seeding tray 6 in this application can be symmetrically provided with sliding rods 24 on both sides. Sliding blocks 25 that slide in cooperation with the sliding rods 24 are fixedly installed on both sides of the scraper 11. The sliding blocks 25 are connected to a belt drive structure. The belt drive structure drives the sliding blocks 25 to slide back and forth along the sliding rods 24. The belt drive structure includes a motor and a belt. The motor is connected to the belt drive through a pulley. The motor drives the belt to rotate, thereby driving the sliding blocks 25 to move back and forth along the sliding rods 24, and thus driving the scraper 11 to move back and forth in the seeding tray 6.

[0030] The bottom of the fixed seeding plate 9 is provided with two parallel sliding grooves 26. The two sides of the movable seeding plate 12 are slidably engaged with the sliding grooves 26. One end of the movable seeding plate 12 is provided with a connecting plate 27. The connecting plate 27 is provided with a limiting groove 28. The driving mechanism includes a second motor 29. A driving block 30 is mounted on the output shaft of the second motor 29. A protrusion 31 that is eccentrically engaged with the limiting groove 28 is provided on the driving block 30. The second driving motor controls the rotation of the driving block 30, so that the protrusion 31 eccentrically provided on the driving block 30 can drive the movable seeding plate 12 to reciprocate within a certain stroke, thereby realizing the control of the corresponding connection or staggered closure between the first seeding hole 10 and the second seeding hole 20.

[0031] like Figure 6 and Figure 7As shown, in one specific embodiment of this application, the soil covering mechanism 4 may include a soil hopper 32, which is funnel-shaped with a wider top and a narrower bottom. The top of the soil hopper 32 has a soil filling port, and the bottom of the soil hopper 32 has a soil dropping port 33. A soil covering roller 34 is mounted on the soil dropping port 33. The soil covering roller 34 has the same structure as the sowing roller 8. The soil covering roller 34 is connected to a third drive motor 35, which drives the soil covering roller 34 to rotate. Multiple rows of soil covering scoops 36 are arranged around the soil covering roller 34. A second baffle 37, which fits with the gap between two adjacent soil covering scoops 36, is provided on the soil dropping port 33. Multiple rows of concave grooves perpendicular to the conveying direction are provided on the seedling tray. The number of soil-covering scoops 36 in each row is the same as the number of grooves in each column. When the seedling tray is conveyed to the bottom of the soil-covering mechanism 4, the third drive motor 35 drives the soil-covering roller 34 to rotate, so that the soil-covering scoops 36 are filled with soil during rotation and the soil in the soil-covering scoops 36 falls precisely into the grooves to cover the seeds in the grooves. Since the gap between two adjacent soil-covering scoops 36 is closed by the second baffle 37, the soil cannot fall through the gap between two adjacent soil-covering scoops 36. By controlling the rotation speed of the soil-covering roller 34, the conveying speed of the seedling tray is adjusted so that the soil-covering scoops 36 can accurately cover each column of grooves on the seedling tray during the conveying process. At the same time, in order to improve the flatness of the soil covering, a soil scraper roller 38 is rotatably installed on the soil hopper 32 on the side of the soil inlet 33 away from the sowing mechanism 3. After covering the soil, the soil on the surface of the seedling tray is scraped flat by the soil scraper roller 38.

[0032] To facilitate the recovery of seeds dropped by scraper 11 in seeding tray 6 and soil scraped off by scraper roller 38, a recovery hopper 39 can be installed below both seedling tray and soil hopper 32.

[0033] To facilitate the addition of seeds to the seed hopper 5 and soil to the soil hopper 32, the sowing mechanism 3 may be equipped with a seed conveyor belt 40 for conveying seeds to the seed hopper 5, and the soil covering mechanism 4 may be equipped with a soil conveyor belt 41 for conveying soil to the soil hopper 32. It should be noted that the seed conveyor belt 40 and the soil conveyor belt 41 used in this application are existing structures, so they will not be described in detail here.

[0034] This utility model discloses a sowing and covering device comprising a conveying mechanism 2, a sowing mechanism 3, and a covering mechanism 4. The conveying mechanism 2 automates the transport of seedling trays to the sowing and covering mechanisms 3 and 4. Simultaneously, the sowing mechanism 3 automatically sows seeds into the grooves of the seedling trays, and the covering mechanism 4 automatically covers the seeds with soil, thus achieving automated sowing and covering of the seedling trays. During sowing, the sowing mechanism 3 drops seeds into the sowing tray 6 via a seed hopper 5, and simultaneously uses a scraper 11 to spread the seeds... The seeds are fed into the first sowing hole 10. When the seedling tray is directly below the sowing tray 6, it stops moving. The moving plate is driven by the drive mechanism to make the second sowing hole 20 correspond to the first sowing hole 10 one by one. This allows the seeds in the first sowing hole 10 to fall accurately into the grooves on the seedling tray through the second sowing hole 20. Since the number of first sowing holes 10 is the same as the number of grooves on the seedling tray and their positions correspond, the sowing of all grooves on the seedling tray can be completed in one go, improving the sowing efficiency of the seedling tray and the uniformity of seed distribution. During the transport of the seedling tray, when the seedling tray is transported to the area below the sowing mechanism 3, the transport of the seedling tray is stopped, so that the seedling tray is placed stably below the sowing tray 6, so that the seeds can fall accurately into the grooves of the seedling tray. When the seedling tray is transported to the soil covering mechanism 4, the seedling tray is kept passing through the soil covering mechanism 4 at a certain speed, so that the soil covering mechanism 4 can continuously cover the multiple rows of grooves on the seedling tray with soil until all grooves are covered with soil. In addition, when the scraper 11 scrapes the seeds into the first sowing hole 10, the second sowing hole 20 is staggered with the first sowing hole 10, so that the seeds in the first sowing hole 10 will not fall out of the sowing tray 6.

[0035] The above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solution of this utility model and are not intended to limit it. Any modifications or equivalent substitutions that do not depart from the spirit and scope of this utility model should be covered within the scope of the technical solution of this utility model.

Claims

1. A seeding and covering device, characterized in that, The machine includes a frame (1), and a conveying mechanism (2), a sowing mechanism (3), and a soil covering mechanism (4) mounted on the frame (1). The sowing mechanism (3) and the soil covering mechanism (4) are arranged sequentially along the conveying direction of the conveying mechanism (2). The conveying mechanism (2) is used for conveying the seedling tray, the sowing mechanism (3) is used for sowing seeds into the groove of the seedling tray, and the soil covering mechanism (4) is used for covering the seeds in the groove with soil. The sowing mechanism (3) includes a seed hopper (5) and a sowing disc (6). The bottom of the seed hopper (5) is provided with a seed drop opening (7). A sowing roller (8) is rotatably provided at the seed drop opening (7) to control the seed drop. The sowing disc (6) is located directly below the seed drop opening (7). The bottom of the sowing disc (6) is provided with a fixed... A fixed seeding plate (9) is provided with first seeding holes (10) arranged on the fixed seeding plate (9) corresponding to the grooves on the seedling tray. A scraper (11) for scraping seeds into the first seeding holes (10) is movably provided in the seeding tray (6). A movable seeding plate (12) is interactively provided below the fixed seeding plate (9). A second seeding hole (20) is provided on the movable seeding plate (12) corresponding to the first seeding holes (10). The movable seeding plate (12) is connected to a driving structure. The driving structure can drive the movable seeding plate (12) to move relative to the fixed seeding plate (9) so that the second seeding holes (20) are connected to the first seeding holes (10) or the second seeding holes (20) are staggered with the first seeding holes (10).

2. The seeding and covering device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The conveying mechanism (2) includes a tray (13), a slide rail (14) is provided on the frame (1), a roller (15) is provided at the bottom of the tray (13) and slides with the slide rail (14), and the tray (13) is connected to a drive component that drives it to slide along the slide rail (14).

3. The seeding and covering device according to claim 2, characterized in that, The drive assembly includes a conveyor belt (16) and a transmission structure (17) for driving the conveyor belt (16) to rotate in a cycle. A push block (18) is fixedly installed on the conveyor belt (16), and a push rod (19) that abuts and cooperates with the push block (18) is installed on the tray (13).

4. The seeding and covering device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The seeding roller (8) is connected to a first drive motor (21), and multiple rows of seeding scoops (22) are arranged around the seeding roller (8). A first baffle (23) is provided on the seed drop opening (7) to fit the gap between two adjacent seeding scoops (22).

5. A seeding and covering device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The seeding tray (6) is symmetrically provided with sliding rods (24) on both sides. The scraper (11) is fixedly installed with sliders (25) that slide in cooperation with the sliding rods (24) on both sides. The sliders (25) are connected to a belt drive structure, which drives the sliders (25) to slide back and forth along the sliding rods (24).

6. A seeding and covering device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The bottom of the fixed seeding plate (9) is provided with two parallel sliding grooves (26). The two sides of the movable seeding plate (12) are slidably engaged with the sliding grooves (26). One end of the movable seeding plate (12) is provided with a connecting plate (27). The connecting plate (27) is provided with a limiting groove (28). The driving mechanism includes a second motor (29). A driving block (30) is installed on the output shaft of the second motor (29). A protrusion (31) that is eccentrically engaged with the limiting groove (28) is provided on the driving block (30).

7. A seeding and covering device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The soil covering mechanism (4) includes a soil hopper (32), a soil inlet (33) is provided at the bottom of the soil hopper (32), a soil covering roller (34) is provided at the soil inlet (33), the soil covering roller (34) is connected to a third drive motor (35), and multiple rows of soil covering scoops (36) are arranged around the soil covering roller (34). A second baffle (37) is provided on the soil inlet (33) to fit the gap between two adjacent soil covering scoops (36).

8. A seeding and covering device according to claim 7, characterized in that, The soil hopper (32) is rotatably mounted on the side of the soil inlet (33) away from the sowing mechanism (3).

9. A seeding and covering device according to claim 7, characterized in that, A recycling hopper (39) is provided below both the seedling tray and the soil hopper (32).

10. A seeding and covering device according to claim 7, characterized in that, The seeding mechanism (3) is provided with a seed conveyor belt (40) for conveying seeds into the seed hopper (5), and the soil covering mechanism (4) is provided with a soil conveyor belt (41) for conveying soil into the soil hopper (32).

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