Rapid filtering and backwashing device for breeding liquid dung

Abstract

The utility model discloses a rapid filtering and backwashing device for breeding liquid dung, which is characterized in that N filtering layers formed by filtering materials with different particle sizes are filled in a filtering column, the particle sizes of the filtering materials of the filtering layers are increased layer by layer from bottom to top, and the densities of the filtering materials of the filtering layers are reduced layer by layer from bottom to top; the liquid dung input pipeline and the backwashing input pipe are respectively communicated with an inlet of the connecting pipe, the liquid dung input pipeline is provided with a turbidity meter, an outlet of the connecting pipe is connected with N + 1 branch pipes, water outlet ports of the N branch pipes respectively extend into the bottom of each filter layer, and the water outlet port of the (N + 1) th branch pipe is positioned at the top of the uppermost filter layer; the water outlet pipe is connected to the bottommost part of the filter column; the backwashing output pipe and the pressurizing pipeline are connected to the topmost part of the filter column, and the tail end of the pressurizing pipeline is connected with a pressurizing air pump; control valves are arranged on the manure water input pipeline, the backwashing input pipe, the branch pipe, the water outlet pipe, the backwashing output pipe and the pressurizing pipe. According to the utility model, different filter layer combinations can be selectively used, and the functions are diversified.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of animal husbandry technology, and in particular to a rapid filtration and backwashing device for livestock manure. Background Technology

[0002] With the rapid development of my country's animal husbandry, the annual amount of livestock and poultry manure reaches billions of tons. Improper treatment of this manure can cause serious environmental pollution, such as eutrophication, soil and air pollution. Therefore, the treatment and resource utilization of livestock and poultry manure has become an urgent problem to be solved. The large amount of organic matter and nutrients, such as nitrogen and phosphorus, contained in livestock and poultry manure make it a potential agricultural resource. Through the application of integrated water and fertilizer management technology, simultaneous water and fertilizer management and efficient utilization can be achieved. This can effectively convert this manure into fertilizer needed by crops, reduce the use of chemical fertilizers, save water resources, and improve crop yield and quality. This is of great significance for improving agricultural resource utilization efficiency, protecting the environment, and enhancing agricultural competitiveness.

[0003] Currently, the technical solutions for applying livestock manure to fertigation mainly include the following aspects:

[0004] Collection and pretreatment of livestock and poultry manure: First, livestock and poultry manure needs to be effectively collected. Then, it is treated by pretreatment technologies such as bar screens, sedimentation tanks, and solid-liquid separation systems to facilitate subsequent integrated water and fertilizer utilization.

[0005] Anaerobic fermentation technology: This method converts livestock and poultry manure into biogas and biogas residue through anaerobic fermentation. The biogas can be used as an energy source, while the biogas residue can be used as organic fertilizer. This process is carried out in a closed facility, which can effectively reduce the emission of odors and pollutants.

[0006] Integrated water and fertilizer irrigation system: The harmlessly treated livestock and poultry manure is mixed with irrigation water, and water and fertilizer are applied to crops simultaneously through modern irrigation technologies such as drip irrigation and sprinkler irrigation, thereby improving water and fertilizer utilization efficiency.

[0007] However, all of the above methods have certain drawbacks when in operation: for example, anaerobic fermentation technology requires high fixed asset investment and has high operating costs; when using dry-wet separation + plate and frame filter press, the dry-wet separation is continuous operation while the plate and frame filter press is intermittent operation, making it difficult for the entire system to operate continuously; when using it with an irrigation system, it is easy to cause clogging of drip irrigation nozzles. Utility Model Content

[0008] The purpose of this invention is to address the technical deficiencies in the application of livestock manure in fertigation by providing a rapid filtration and backwashing device for livestock manure.

[0009] The technical solution adopted to achieve the purpose of this utility model is:

[0010] A rapid filtration and backwashing device for livestock manure includes a filter column, a manure input pipe, a backwash input pipe, a connecting pipe, an outlet pipe, a backwash output pipe, and a pressurization pipe.

[0011] The filter column is filled with N filter layers composed of filter media of different densities, and the density of the filter media decreases from bottom to top.

[0012] The sewage inlet pipe and the backwash inlet pipe are respectively connected to the inlet of the connecting pipe. The sewage inlet pipe is equipped with a turbidity meter. The outlet of the connecting pipe is connected to N+1 branch pipes. The outlet ports of the N branch pipes extend into the bottom of each filter layer. The outlet port of the N+1 branch pipe is located at the top of the uppermost filter layer.

[0013] The water outlet pipe is connected to the bottom of the filter column;

[0014] The backwash output pipe and the pressurization pipe are connected to the top of the filter column, and the end of the pressurization pipe is connected to a pressurization air pump.

[0015] Control valves are installed on the sewage inlet pipe, backwash inlet pipe, branch pipe, outlet pipe, backwash outlet pipe, and pressurization pipe.

[0016] In the above technical solution, each filter layer is provided with a filter resistance detection head, which is electrically connected to a filter resistance analyzer.

[0017] In the above technical solution, N = 3.

[0018] In the above technical solution, the three filter layers, from bottom to top, are a quartz sand filling layer, an anthracite coal filling layer, and a straw filling layer.

[0019] In the above technical solution, the filter material in the quartz sand filling layer is quartz sand, and the particle size of the quartz sand is 0.5-1.2mm.

[0020] In the above technical solution, the filter material in the anthracite filling layer is anthracite, and the particle size of the anthracite is 0.8-1.8mm.

[0021] In the above technical solution, the filter material in the straw filling layer is wheat straw, and the particle size of the wheat straw is 1-2 mm.

[0022] In the above technical solution, the backwash input pipe is a gas input pipe and / or a backwash water input pipe.

[0023] In the above technical solution, the rapid filtration and backwashing device for livestock manure also includes a controller, the turbidity meter is an online turbidity meter, and each control valve is a solenoid valve. The solenoid valve, the online turbidity meter, and the filter resistance analyzer are all electrically connected to the controller.

[0024] In the above technical solution, the controller is a PLC timing controller or a differential pressure controller.

[0025] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of this utility model are:

[0026] 1. The rapid filtration and backwashing device for livestock manure of the present invention has rapid filtration and backwashing functions, and is suitable for manure filtration operations of different turbidities. Different filter layer combinations can be selectively used, making it versatile in function. Through flexible combination of filtration methods, the water quality requirements of the integrated water and fertilizer system can be met.

[0027] 2. When the filtration resistance of a certain layer of filter media is high, as analyzed by a filtration resistance analyzer, the corresponding solenoid valve of the layer below it will open, initiating the backwashing action for that layer of filter media. Backwashing consists of three actions: air washing, air-water washing, and water washing. When the filtration resistance of all layers of filter media is high, all backwash inlet solenoid valves will open, achieving complete backwashing of all filter media layers. Attached Figure Description

[0028] Figure 1 The diagram shown is a structural schematic of the utility model.

[0029] In the diagram: 1-Filter column, 2-Sewage inlet pipe, 3-Gas inlet pipe, 4-Backwash water inlet pipe, 5-Connecting pipe, 6-Outlet pipe, 7-Backwash outlet pipe, 8-Pressure pipe, 9-Quartz sand filling layer, 10-Anthracite filling layer, 11-Straw filling layer, 12-First solenoid valve, 13-Second solenoid valve, 14-Third solenoid valve, 15-Turbidity meter, 16-First branch pipe, 17-Second branch pipe, 18-Third branch pipe, 19-Fourth branch pipe, 20-Fourth solenoid valve, 21-Fifth solenoid valve, 22-Sixth solenoid valve, 23-Seventh solenoid valve, 24-Pressure pump, 25-Eighth solenoid valve, 26-Ninth solenoid valve, 27-Tenth solenoid valve, 28-Filter resistance analyzer. Detailed Implementation

[0030] The present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention.

[0031] Example 1

[0032] A rapid filtration and backwashing device for livestock manure includes a filter column 1, a manure input pipe 2, a gas input pipe 3, a backwash water input pipe 4, a connecting pipe 5, a water outlet pipe 6, a backwash output pipe 7, and a pressurizing pipe 8.

[0033] The filter column 1 is filled from bottom to top with a quartz sand layer 9, an anthracite coal layer 10, and a straw layer 11. The top layer consists of a light and coarse material, which in this embodiment uses wheat straw with a particle size of 1-2 mm. The heavier and finer material is placed at the bottom to achieve deep filtration. In this embodiment, anthracite coal with a particle size of 0.8 mm-1.8 mm and quartz sand with a particle size of 0.5-1.2 mm are used. When designing a rapid filtration and backwashing device for livestock manure, factors such as the filter media filling height and expansion height need to be considered to ensure filtration effect and backwashing efficiency.

[0034] The inlet of the connecting pipe 5 is connected to the sewage input pipe 2, the gas input pipe 3, and the backwash water input pipe 4 respectively. The sewage input pipe 2, the gas input pipe 3, and the backwash water input pipe 4 are respectively equipped with a first solenoid valve 12, a second solenoid valve 13, and a third solenoid valve 14. The inlet of the sewage input pipe 2 is equipped with a turbidity meter 15.

[0035] The connecting pipe 5 is sequentially connected to a first branch pipe 16, a second branch pipe 17, a third branch pipe 18, and a fourth branch pipe 19. The first branch pipe 16, the second branch pipe 17, the third branch pipe 18, and the fourth branch pipe 19 are respectively equipped with a fourth solenoid valve 20, a fifth solenoid valve 21, a sixth solenoid valve 22, and a seventh solenoid valve 23. The water outlet of the first branch pipe 16 extends into the bottom of the quartz sand filling layer 9, the water outlet of the second branch pipe 17 extends into the bottom of the anthracite filling layer 10, the water outlet of the third branch pipe 18 extends into the bottom of the straw filling layer 11, and the water outlet of the fourth branch pipe 19 is located at the top of the straw filling layer 11.

[0036] The backwash output pipe 7 and the pressurization pipe 8 are connected to the top of the filter column 1. The end of the pressurization pipe 8 is connected to a pressurization air pump 24. The eighth solenoid valve 25 and the ninth solenoid valve 26 are respectively installed on the backwash output pipe 7 and the pressurization pipe 8.

[0037] The bottom of the filter column 1 is connected to a water outlet pipe 6, and the water outlet pipe 6 is equipped with a tenth solenoid valve 27.

[0038] Each filter layer is equipped with a filter resistance detection head, which is electrically connected to the filter resistance analyzer 28;

[0039] The rapid filtration and backwashing device for livestock manure also includes a controller. The turbidity meter 15 is an online turbidity meter. Each solenoid valve, online turbidity meter 15, and filter resistance analyzer 28 is electrically connected to the controller.

[0040] The operating method of the rapid filtration and backwashing device for livestock manure includes the following steps:

[0041] During the rapid filtration process, the turbidity of the sewage is monitored by the turbidity meter 15. When the turbidity is low, the first solenoid valve 12, the fifth solenoid valve 21, the ninth solenoid valve 26, and the tenth solenoid valve 27 are opened, and the pressurizing air pump 24 is also turned on at the same time to increase the pressure at the top of the filter column 1 and effectively control the filtration speed. The sewage is filtered by the quartz sand filling layer 9. When the turbidity is high, the first solenoid valve 12, the seventh solenoid valve 23, the ninth solenoid valve 26, and the tenth solenoid valve 27 are opened, and the pressurizing air pump 24 is also turned on at the same time. The sewage passes through the straw filling layer 11, the anthracite filling layer 10, and the quartz sand filling layer 9 in sequence. The sludge formed after filtration is discharged from the filter column 1 through the water outlet pipe 6.

[0042] During the rapid filtration process, the water quality requirements of the integrated water and fertilizer system can be met through a flexible combination of filtration methods.

[0043] During backwashing: When the filter media of the quartz sand filling layer 9, the anthracite filling layer 10, or the straw filling layer 11 have high filtration resistance (the filtration resistance is analyzed by the filtration resistance analyzer 28), the corresponding solenoid valve on the branch pipe at the bottom of the layer is opened. When all three layers of filter media need backwashing, air washing, air-water backwashing, and water washing are performed in sequence. During air washing, the second solenoid valve 13, the fourth solenoid valve 20, and the eighth solenoid valve 25 are opened for air washing backwashing. Then, for air-water backwashing, the second solenoid valve 13, the third solenoid valve 14, the fourth solenoid valve 20, and the eighth solenoid valve 25 are opened. Finally, water washing is performed. During water washing, the third solenoid valve 14, the fourth solenoid valve 20, and the eighth solenoid valve 25 are opened. The washed-out dirt is discharged from the backwash output pipe 7.

[0044] Example 2

[0045] In this embodiment, the influent turbidity is 300 NTU, and the suspended solids in the manure water have a particle size of 3-5 μm, which is classified as low suspended solids manure water. The rapid filtration and backwashing device for livestock manure water from Example 1 is used for filtration, and the filtration steps are as follows:

[0046] At the start of filtration, the first solenoid valve 12 and the fifth solenoid valve 21 are opened, along with the ninth solenoid valve 26, the tenth solenoid valve 27, and the pressurized air pump 24, to increase the pressure at the top of the filter bed and effectively control the filtration speed. After passing through the quartz sand filling layer 9, the wastewater is discharged through the outlet pipe 6. Specifically, the filtration speed is controlled at 1.5-2 m / min. Simultaneously, a filtration resistance analyzer 28 installed inside the filter column 1 continuously monitors the filtration resistance. When the resistance reaches a certain standard, all solenoid valves close, and gas backwashing is initiated. The second solenoid valve 13, the fourth solenoid valve 20, and the eighth solenoid valve 25 open, and gas is discharged through the quartz sand filling layer 9, the anthracite filling layer 10, and the straw filling layer 11 from the backwash output pipe 7. The gas washing time is 5 minutes. After air washing, the air-water backwashing stage begins. The second solenoid valve 13, the third solenoid valve 14, the fourth solenoid valve 20, and the eighth solenoid valve 25 open simultaneously. The air-water mixture washes the different filter media. After air-water backwashing, the water washing process begins. The third solenoid valve 14, the fourth solenoid valve 20, and the eighth solenoid valve 25 open, and the washing water is discharged from the backwash output pipe 7 through the quartz sand filling layer 9, the anthracite filling layer 10, and the straw filling layer 11. During water washing, the washing intensity needs to be controlled to ensure the backwashing effect; the filter media expansion rate is set at 1.5 times. The water washing time is 5 minutes.

[0047] Example 3

[0048] In this embodiment, the influent turbidity is 4000 NTU, and the suspended solids in the manure water have a particle size of 10-100 μm, which is classified as high suspended solids manure water. The rapid filtration and backwashing device for livestock manure water in Example 1 is used for filtration, and the filtration steps are as follows:

[0049] At the start of filtration, the first solenoid valve 12, the seventh solenoid valve 23, the ninth solenoid valve 26, and the tenth solenoid valve 27 are opened. The wastewater, after passing through the straw filling layer 11, the anthracite filling layer 10, and the quartz sand filling layer 9, flows out through the outlet pipe 6. Simultaneously, the pressurized air pump 24 is activated to increase the pressure at the top of the filter tank, effectively controlling the filtration speed. Specifically, the filtration speed is controlled at 1.5-2 m / min. At the same time, the filtration resistance analyzer 28, installed inside the filter column 1, continuously monitors the filtration resistance of each filter layer. When the resistance reaches a certain standard, all solenoid valves close, and the air backwash, air-water backwash, and water backwash processes are gradually initiated in sequence. Notably, the filter layers expand during backwashing; to improve the backwashing effect, multiple pipes can be used for simultaneous backwashing. For example, if the filtration resistance of the anthracite coal filling layer 10 exceeds the standard, the fifth solenoid valve 21, the sixth solenoid valve 22, and the seventh solenoid valve 23 will open simultaneously. When the filter layer expands after backwashing, the backwash water or backwash gas flowing out through the fifth solenoid valve 21, the sixth solenoid valve 22, and the seventh solenoid valve 23 will cause mutual friction between the filter media in the filter layer, thereby restoring the filtration effect of the filter layer.

[0050] For ease of explanation, spatial relative terms such as “up,” “down,” “left,” and “right” are used in the embodiments to describe the relationship of one element or feature shown in the figures relative to another element or feature. It should be understood that, in addition to the orientations shown in the figures, spatial terms are intended to include different orientations of the device in use or operation. For example, if the device in the figures is inverted, an element described as being “down” of other elements or features would be positioned “up” of those other elements or features. Therefore, the exemplary term “down” can encompass both up and down orientations. The device may be positioned in other ways (rotated 90 degrees or in other orientations), and the spatial relative descriptions used herein will be interpreted accordingly.

[0051] Moreover, relational terms such as “first” and “second” are used merely to distinguish one component from another that has the same name, without necessarily requiring or implying any such actual relationship or order between the components.

[0052] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present utility model. It should be noted that, for those skilled in the art, several improvements and modifications can be made without departing from the principle of the present utility model, and these improvements and modifications should also be considered within the protection scope of the present utility model.

Claims

1. A rapid filtration and backwashing device for livestock manure, characterized in that, It includes a filter column, sewage inlet pipe, backwash inlet pipe, connecting pipe, outlet pipe, backwash outlet pipe, and pressurization pipe; The filter column is filled with N filter layers composed of filter media of different densities, and the density of the filter media decreases from bottom to top. The sewage inlet pipe and the backwash inlet pipe are respectively connected to the inlet of the connecting pipe. The sewage inlet pipe is equipped with a turbidity meter. The outlet of the connecting pipe is connected to N+1 branch pipes. The outlet ports of the N branch pipes extend into the bottom of each filter layer. The outlet port of the N+1 branch pipe is located at the top of the uppermost filter layer. The water outlet pipe is connected to the bottom of the filter column; The backwash output pipe and the pressurization pipe are connected to the top of the filter column, and the end of the pressurization pipe is connected to a pressurization air pump. Control valves are installed on the sewage inlet pipe, backwash inlet pipe, branch pipe, outlet pipe, backwash outlet pipe, and pressurization pipe.

2. The rapid filtration and backwashing device for livestock manure as described in claim 1, wherein each filter layer is provided with a filter resistance detection head, and the filter resistance detection head is electrically connected to a filter resistance analyzer.

3. The rapid filtration and backwashing device for livestock manure as described in claim 1, characterized in that, N＝3。 4. The rapid filtration and backwashing device for livestock manure as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The three filter layers, from bottom to top, are a quartz sand filling layer, an anthracite coal filling layer, and a straw filling layer.

5. The rapid filtration and backwashing device for livestock manure as described in claim 4, characterized in that, The filter media in the quartz sand filling layer is quartz sand, and the particle size of the quartz sand is 0.5-1.2mm.

6. The rapid filtration and backwashing device for livestock manure as described in claim 4, characterized in that, The filter material in the anthracite filling layer is anthracite, and the particle size of the anthracite is 0.8-1.8 mm.

7. The rapid filtration and backwashing device for livestock manure as described in claim 4, characterized in that, The filter material in the straw filling layer is wheat straw, and the particle size of the wheat straw is 1-2 mm.

8. The rapid filtration and backwashing device for livestock manure as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The backwash input pipe is a gas input pipe and / or a backwash water input pipe.

9. The rapid filtration and backwashing device for livestock manure as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The rapid filtration and backwashing device for livestock manure also includes a controller. The turbidity meter is an online turbidity meter, and each control valve is a solenoid valve. The solenoid valves, the online turbidity meter, and the filter resistance analyzer are all electrically connected to the controller.

10. The rapid filtration and backwashing device for livestock manure as described in claim 9, characterized in that, The controller is a PLC timing controller or a differential pressure controller.

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