Continuous feeding and crushing system

Abstract

The utility model belongs to the related technical field of material crushing equipment, and particularly relates to a continuous feeding and crushing system. The continuous feeding and crushing system comprises a feeding unit, a crushing unit, a control unit and a temporary storage unit, and the temporary storage unit is located between the first discharging end of the feeding unit and the second feeding end of the crushing unit and used for temporarily storing materials guided out of the first discharging end and guiding the materials into the second feeding end; the crushing motor is provided with a current sensor used for monitoring the current value of the crushing motor, the temporary storage unit is provided with a discharging switch mechanism, and the discharging switch mechanism is interlocked with the current sensor and controlled by the control unit. The temporary storage unit and the current sensor arranged on the crusher are interlocked, a traditional assembly line feeding mode is changed into a batch feeding mode, materials can be rapidly guided into a crushing mechanism, the crushing efficiency is easier to control, and the problems that crushing is insufficient and the particle size of the crushed materials is large due to continuous feeding in the discharging process can be solved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model belongs to the technical field of material crushing equipment, and specifically relates to a continuous feeding and crushing system. Background Technology

[0002] A hammer crusher is a common type of crushing machinery, typically operating intermittently. Its structure includes hammers driven by a rotary head, crushing plates that engage with the hammers, and screen bars to limit the discharge particle size. Material enters the crusher through the feed inlet and is crushed by the high-speed rotating hammers on the crushing plates. Material smaller than the screen bar gaps is discharged through the gaps. Material larger than the screen bar gaps is repeatedly hammered on the crushing plates until its particle size is smaller than the screen bar gaps and is then forced out through them. Intermittently operating hammer crushers have relatively long idle times during feeding and discharging.

[0003] In existing technologies, crushers are often equipped with current sensors to monitor the current of the crusher motor. The crusher has different current values ​​in different working stages and states. The controller adjusts the speed of the feed motor based on the changes in the current value so that the feeding speed can match the working load of the crusher. Chinese patent document CN114950695A discloses a feeding speed control method, device, and crushing system, which points out that for crushing systems including multi-stage crushers, since different crushers will affect each other, it is difficult to control the feeding speed of the crushers solely based on the current of the crushers, making it difficult to ensure that the entire crushing system operates in a high-efficiency state and easily causing material blockage. It also monitors the distance between the discharge port of the target crusher and the crushed material accumulated below the discharge port of the target crusher, and controls the feeding speed of the target feeder in the target crushing unit based on the current value and distance value.

[0004] The applicant employs a two-stage crushing process for electronic waste: coarse crushing followed by high-speed crushing, using a hammer crusher for the high-speed crushing. The material, after coarse crushing, is manually shoveled into the crusher. After crushing for a certain period, the discharge valve is manually opened to release the crushed material. This traditional method is inefficient, creating a need to increase work efficiency. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The purpose of this invention is to overcome the shortcomings of the prior art and provide a continuous feeding and crushing system that does not require adjustment of the feeding motor speed, thereby achieving a match between the feeding speed and the crushing speed.

[0006] The solution of this utility model to the aforementioned technical problem is as follows:

[0007] Continuous feeding and crushing system, including

[0008] The feeding unit includes a feeding mechanism driven by a feeding motor, the feeding mechanism having a first feeding end and a first discharging end;

[0009] The crushing unit includes a crushing mechanism driven by a crushing motor. The crushing mechanism has a second feed end and a second discharge end. The material enters the second feed end from the first discharge end, is crushed, and is discharged from the second discharge end.

[0010] Control unit, used to achieve automated control of various functional units;

[0011] Also includes

[0012] The temporary storage unit, located between the first discharge end and the second feed end, is used to temporarily store the material discharged from the first discharge end and introduce it into the second feed end; the crushing motor is equipped with a current sensor for monitoring its current value, and the temporary storage unit has a discharge switch mechanism, which is interlocked with the current sensor and controlled by the control unit.

[0013] The inventive concept of this application lies in the fact that, instead of interlocking the feeding motor with the current sensor equipped on the crusher, the feeding speed of the feeding mechanism does not need to be adjusted during feeding. Instead, a temporary storage unit is set up between the feeding unit and the crushing unit. The material discharged from the feeding mechanism is temporarily stored first, and then the crushing mechanism is fed material according to the current value of the current sensor, providing a new control approach. Secondly, compared with the traditional assembly line feeding mode, the crushing efficiency is also easier to control after adopting the batch feeding mode with the temporary storage unit.

[0014] As an improvement, the feeding mechanism is a feeding screw.

[0015] As an improvement, the temporary storage unit is a hopper driven by a discharge switch mechanism.

[0016] As an improvement, the discharge switch mechanism is a first cylinder that can adjust the tilt of the hopper, and the first cylinder is controlled by a control unit.

[0017] As a further improvement, the hopper includes a bottom plate and a guide guard plate surrounding the bottom plate, the guide guard plate being frustoconical in shape and forming a coarse material outlet on one side.

[0018] As a further improvement, a screen is provided above the base plate, a coarse material outlet is formed at the top of the screen, and a fine material outlet is provided on the base plate.

[0019] As an improvement, the hopper is equipped with a support base, and a hinge is provided between the hopper and the support base so that the hopper can rotate relative to the hinge point.

[0020] As an improvement, the crushing mechanism is a hammer crusher, and the second discharge end is equipped with a discharge valve driven by a second cylinder, which is controlled by a control unit.

[0021] As an improvement, a material container is provided at the bottom of the second discharge end, and the fine material outlet is connected to the material container.

[0022] As a further improvement, the hopper is equipped with a support base, and a hinge is provided between the hopper and the support base so that the hopper can rotate relative to the hinge point; the support base is hollow so that the material discharged from the fine material outlet can be guided to the material container through the inside of the support base.

[0023] The beneficial effects of this invention are as follows: By interlocking the temporary storage unit with the current sensor equipped with the crusher, the traditional continuous feeding mode is changed to a batch feeding mode. Materials can be quickly introduced into the crushing mechanism, and the crushing efficiency is easier to control. This prevents insufficient crushing and large particle size caused by continuous feeding during the discharge process. Secondly, the hopper with a screen can pre-separate a portion of the already finely crushed material, which does not need to re-enter the crushing mechanism, thus improving the overall material processing efficiency. Attached Figure Description

[0024] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the layout of Embodiment 1 of this utility model;

[0025] Figure 2 for Figure 1 Enlarged view of section A;

[0026] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the hopper and supporting base in Embodiment 1 of this utility model;

[0027] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram illustrating the feeding and discharging control principle of the crushing mechanism of this utility model;

[0028] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the hopper structure in Embodiment 2 of this utility model.

[0029] In the diagram: 11. Feeding motor; 12. Feeding mechanism; 121. First feeding end; 122. First discharging end; 21. Crushing motor; 22. Crushing mechanism; 221. Second feeding end; 222. Second discharging end; 23. Second cylinder; 30. Control unit; 31. Current sensor; 41. Discharge switch mechanism; 42. Hopper; 421. Base plate; 422. Guide guard plate; 423. Coarse material outlet; 424. Screen; 425. Fine material outlet; 426. Hinge; 43. Support base; 50. Material container. Detailed Implementation

[0030] Example 1

[0031] The continuous feeding and crushing system described in this application includes a feeding unit, a temporary storage unit, a crushing unit, and a control unit, and can be used for the pretreatment of materials that require crushing, such as electronic waste.

[0032] like Figure 1 As shown, the feeding unit includes a feeding mechanism 12 driven by a feeding motor 11. The feeding mechanism 12 has a first feeding end 121 and a first discharging end 122. The feeding mechanism 12 is a feeding screw, and a feeding hopper is provided on the first feeding end 121. The feeding screw is frequency-controlled, which can control the feeding amount.

[0033] The crushing unit includes a crushing mechanism 22 driven by a crushing motor 21. The crushing mechanism 22 is a hammer crusher, and it has a second feed end 221 and a second discharge end 222. Material enters the second feed end 221 from the first discharge end 122, is crushed, and then discharged from the second discharge end 222. The second discharge end 222 is equipped with a discharge valve driven by a second cylinder 23, which is controlled by a control unit 30. A material container 50 is provided at the bottom of the second discharge end 222 to receive the crushed material.

[0034] The control unit 30 is an independent control cabinet used to automate the control of each functional unit.

[0035] The temporary storage unit is a hopper 42 driven by a discharge switch mechanism 41. The hopper 42 is located between the first discharge end 122 and the second feed end 221, and is used to temporarily store the material discharged from the first discharge end 122 and guide it into the second feed end 221. The crushing motor 21 is equipped with a current sensor 31 for monitoring its current value. The discharge switch mechanism 41 is interlocked with the current sensor 31 and controlled by the control unit 30. The current sensor 31 is mounted on the control cabinet of the control unit 30. The discharge switch mechanism 41 is a first cylinder that can adjust the inclination of the hopper 42. The first cylinder is controlled by the control unit 30. The extension and retraction of the first cylinder achieves the switching of the hopper's state: when the first cylinder retracts, the hopper 42 is in a horizontal state, temporarily storing material; when the first cylinder extends, the hopper 42 tilts, acting as a chute to pour the material into the crushing mechanism 22.

[0036] like Figure 2 , Figure 3 As shown, the hopper 42 includes a base plate 421 and a guide plate 422 surrounding the base plate. The guide plate 422 is frustoconical and has a coarse material outlet 423 on one side. A screen 424 is provided above the base plate 421, and the coarse material outlet 423 is formed on the upper side of the screen 424. A fine material outlet 425 is provided on the base plate 421. The hopper 42 is equipped with a support base 43, and a hinge 426 is provided between the hopper 42 and the support base 43, allowing the hopper 42 to rotate relative to the hinge point. The support base 43 is hollow, allowing the material discharged from the fine material outlet 425 to be guided through the interior of the support base 43 to the material container 50.

[0037] The feeding and discharging control principle of the crushing mechanism 22 is as follows: Figure 4 As shown, the hammer crusher operates continuously during the feeding period. As material enters the hammer crusher from the second feed end 221, it contacts the high-speed moving hammer plates. While the material is being crushed, the current of the hammer crusher gradually increases. When the current reaches 85%~95% of its rated current, a countdown of 15~30 seconds occurs, during which the hammer crusher performs a slow, controlled impact. Afterwards, the first cylinder retracts, restoring the hopper 42 to a horizontal position; simultaneously, the second cylinder 23 retracts, driving the discharge valve to discharge material. During discharge, as the material decreases, the crusher current decreases. When it reaches 35%~45% of the rated current, the second cylinder 23 extends to stop discharge. At this point, the first cylinder extends again, initiating the second feeding cycle. This scheme monitors the crusher's current to control the entire crushing process, preventing excessive crusher current and overload caused by poor discharge during automatic operation, thus better protecting the equipment. Example 2

[0038] The difference between Example 2 and Example 1 is that the hopper 42 can adopt a simplified version. Specifically, as follows... Figure 5 As shown, the hopper 42 consists of a bottom plate 421 and a guide plate 422. The guide plate 422 is frustum-shaped and surrounds the bottom plate 421, forming a coarse material outlet 423 on one side. Under this scheme, all materials need to enter the crushing mechanism 22 for secondary crushing.

Claims

1. Continuous feeding and crushing system, including The feeding unit includes a feeding mechanism (12) driven by a feeding motor (11), the feeding mechanism (12) having a first feeding end (121) and a first discharging end (122). The crushing unit includes a crushing mechanism (22) driven by a crushing motor (21). The crushing mechanism (22) has a second feed end (221) and a second discharge end (222). The material enters the second feed end (221) from the first discharge end (122) and is discharged from the second discharge end (222) after being crushed. Control unit (30) is used to implement automated control of each functional unit; Its features are: Also includes The temporary storage unit is located between the first discharge end (122) and the second feed end (221) for temporarily storing the material discharged from the first discharge end (122) and feeding it into the second feed end (221); the crushing motor (21) is equipped with a current sensor (31) for monitoring its current value; the temporary storage unit has a discharge switch mechanism (41) which is interlocked with the current sensor (31) and controlled by the control unit (30).

2. The continuous feeding and crushing system as described in claim 1, characterized in that: The feeding mechanism (12) is a feeding screw.

3. The continuous feeding and crushing system as described in claim 1, characterized in that: The temporary storage unit is a hopper (42) driven by a discharge switch mechanism (41).

4. The continuous feeding and crushing system as described in claim 3, characterized in that: The discharge switch mechanism (41) is a first cylinder that can adjust the tilt of the hopper, and the first cylinder is controlled by the control unit (30).

5. The continuous feeding and crushing system as described in claim 3, characterized in that: The hopper (42) includes a bottom plate (421) and a guide guard plate (422) surrounding the bottom plate. The guide guard plate (422) is frustum-shaped and forms a coarse material outlet (423) on one side.

6. The continuous feeding and crushing system as described in claim 5, characterized in that: A screen (424) is provided above the bottom plate (421), a coarse material outlet (423) is formed on the upper part of the screen (424), and a fine material outlet (425) is provided on the bottom plate (421).

7. The continuous feeding and crushing system as described in claim 3, characterized in that: The hopper (42) is equipped with a support base (43), and a hinge (426) is provided between the hopper (42) and the support base (43) so that the hopper (42) can rotate relative to the hinge point.

8. The continuous feeding and crushing system as described in claim 1, characterized in that: The crushing mechanism (22) is a hammer crusher, and the second discharge end (222) is equipped with a discharge valve driven by the second cylinder (23). The second cylinder (23) is controlled by the control unit (30).

9. The continuous feeding and crushing system as described in claim 6, characterized in that: The bottom of the second discharge end (222) is provided with a material container (50), and the fine material outlet (425) is connected to the material container (50).

10. The continuous feeding and crushing system as described in claim 9, characterized in that: The hopper (42) is equipped with a support base (43), and a hinge (426) is provided between the hopper (42) and the support base (43) so that the hopper (42) can rotate relative to the hinge point; the support base (43) is hollow so that the material discharged from the fine material outlet (425) can be guided through the internal guide material container (50) of the support base (43).

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