Fault detection system and vehicle

Abstract

The utility model provides a fault detection system and a vehicle. The fault detection system comprises a plurality of conversion modules, a first control module and a second control module. Each conversion module can output a corresponding detection signal based on the connection state of the low-voltage detection connector; the first control module receives detection signals from the plurality of conversion modules; and the second control module receives the plurality of detection signals processed by the first control module, and is used for determining the on-off state of the high-voltage interlocking loop and the connection state of the plurality of low-voltage detection connectors based on the plurality of detection signals. The fault detection system can convert the connection state of the low-voltage detection connector into a level detection signal which can be identified by the first control module and the second control module, so that the second control module can accurately know the fault position and the on-off state of the high-voltage interlocking loop based on the detection signal, the detection and troubleshooting efficiency is improved, and the detection reliability is high.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of high-voltage interlock detection technology, and more specifically, to a fault detection system and a vehicle. Background Technology

[0002] With the development of new energy vehicles, electrification is gradually becoming a trend. Electric vehicles are usually equipped with high-voltage electrical systems, which are used to supply power to high-power electrical equipment (such as motors) in the vehicle. In order to monitor the working status of the high-voltage electrical system in real time, the vehicle is usually also equipped with a high-voltage interlock loop (HVIL) system. The high-voltage interlock loop system is equipped with multiple high-voltage connectors and corresponding low-voltage detection connectors. Each high-voltage connector usually has an interlock contact. These contacts are connected by wires to form a complete high-voltage interlock loop. The high-voltage interlock loop system can cut off the high-voltage power supply in time when the high-voltage electrical system is abnormal, thereby preventing electric shock accidents and fire risks.

[0003] High-voltage interlock systems in related technologies typically include a high-voltage interlock detection circuit and a control system. Once the high-voltage interlock detection circuit detects a break in the high-voltage interlock circuit, it immediately sends a signal to the control system, causing the control system to cut off the high-voltage output of all loads to ensure safety. However, the high-voltage interlock detection circuit in these technologies cannot accurately detect the specific location of the break in the high-voltage interlock circuit, resulting in low efficiency in troubleshooting high-voltage interlock systems. Utility Model Content

[0004] This application provides a fault detection system and vehicle, which aims to solve the problem that the high-voltage interlock detection circuit cannot accurately detect the specific location of the high-voltage interlock circuit disconnection, resulting in low efficiency in troubleshooting high-voltage interlock system faults.

[0005] In a first aspect, a fault detection system is provided, including multiple conversion modules, a first control module, and a second control module. The multiple conversion modules are connected one-to-one with multiple low-voltage detection connectors, and each conversion module can output a corresponding detection signal based on the connection status of the low-voltage detection connector. The first control module is connected to the multiple conversion modules and is used to receive the detection signals processed by the multiple conversion modules. The second control module is connected to the first control module and is used to receive multiple detection signals from the first control module. The second control module is used to determine the on / off status of the high-voltage interlock circuit and the connection status of the multiple low-voltage detection connectors based on the multiple detection signals.

[0006] In the above technical solution, the conversion module provided in this application can convert the connection status of the low-voltage detection connector into high and low level detection signals that can be recognized by the first control module and the second control module. That is, the conversion module can convert the connection status of the low-voltage detection connector in real time and send the converted detection signals to the first control module. The first control module processes these detection signals and then sends them to the second control module, so that the second control module can accurately know the on / off status of the high-voltage interlock circuit and the specific fault location (i.e., the abnormally connected low-voltage detection connector) based on the detection signals. This achieves accurate detection of the connection status of the low-voltage detection connector and the on / off status of the high-voltage interlock circuit, allowing personnel to determine the fault of the low-voltage detection connector and quickly repair or replace it, improving the efficiency of detection and troubleshooting, effectively solving the problem of low efficiency in troubleshooting high-voltage interlock systems, and improving a certain degree of safety. Secondly, compared to using longer wiring harnesses to connect the conversion module and the second control module, multiple conversion modules first send the detection signal to the first control module, and then the first control module sends it to the second control module. That is, the conversion module and the first control module are connected by wiring harnesses, and the first control module is connected to the second control module by wiring harnesses. The wiring harnesses are separated from each other, avoiding interference between the wiring harnesses. In addition, the shorter the wiring harnesses, the smaller the resistance, capacitance and inductance encountered by the detection signal during the output process, resulting in higher reliability of the detection signal output and higher detection reliability.

[0007] In conjunction with the first aspect, in some possible implementations, each conversion module includes a first resistor, one end of which is connected to a first end of a low-voltage detection connector, and the other end of which is connected to a second end of a low-voltage detection connector; wherein the other ends of a plurality of first resistors are interconnected and grounded.

[0008] In the above technical solution, the first control module and the second control module can easily determine the connection status of the low-voltage detection connector by detecting the voltage difference across the first resistor and the voltage of the corresponding node. The first resistor can autonomously convert the connection status of the low-voltage detection connector, that is, it can convert the connection status of the low-voltage detection connector into a high or low level signal that can be recognized by the first control module and the second control module. This allows the fault detection system to perform autonomous detection based on the first resistor without relying on the control of the control module or other systems, thus providing high detection flexibility.

[0009] In combination with the first aspect and the above implementation methods, in some possible implementation methods, the fault detection system further includes multiple first switch modules, the first terminals of the multiple first switch modules are connected to the power supply voltage, the second terminals of the multiple first switch modules are respectively connected to one end of multiple first resistors and the first terminal of the low voltage detection connector, and the controlled terminals of the multiple first switch modules are connected to the second control module.

[0010] In the above technical solution, each low-voltage detection connector and its corresponding first resistor are controlled by an independent first switch module, resulting in high control precision. Furthermore, the first switch module corresponding to any low-voltage detection connector can be activated according to actual troubleshooting needs, allowing the corresponding first resistor to switch the connection state of the low-voltage detection connector and perform individual troubleshooting, thus providing high testing flexibility. Moreover, the multiple first switch modules corresponding to multiple low-voltage detection connectors and multiple first resistors are independent of each other; that is, the detection branches corresponding to each first resistor do not affect each other, ensuring the reliability of independent testing of each first resistor. Secondly, by simultaneously controlling the on / off states of multiple first switch modules, the second control module can also achieve precise control of the overall operating state of the fault detection system. For example, the second control module can simultaneously control multiple first switch modules to turn off, reducing the overall energy consumption of the fault detection system and thus saving energy.

[0011] In combination with the first aspect and the above implementation, in some possible implementations, each first switch module includes a switch transistor and a second resistor; the first end of the switch transistor is connected to the power supply voltage as the first end of the first switch module, and the controlled end of the switch transistor is connected to the second control module as the controlled end of the first switch module; one end of the second resistor is connected to the second end of the switch transistor, and the other end of the second resistor is connected to the first end of the first switch module and the first end of the first resistor and the first end of the low-voltage detection connector.

[0012] In the above technical solution, the second control module can precisely control the working state of the fault detection system by controlling the on / off state of multiple switching transistors. When the second control module controls multiple switching transistors to be turned on, the second resistor acts as a voltage divider resistor, which can ensure the reliability of the voltage input to the circuit where the conversion module is located. When the second control module controls multiple switching transistors to be turned off, the energy consumption of the fault detection system can be reduced, saving a certain amount of energy.

[0013] In combination with the first aspect and the above implementation methods, in some possible implementation methods, the fault detection system further includes a third resistor, one end of which is connected to the controlled terminal of a plurality of switching transistors, and the other end of which is connected to the first terminal of a plurality of switching transistors.

[0014] In combination with the first aspect and the above implementation methods, in some possible implementation methods, the fault detection system further includes a fourth resistor and a second switch module; one end of the fourth resistor is connected to the second control module; the first end of the second switch module is connected to the other end of the fourth resistor, the second end of the second switch module is connected to the controlled ends of multiple first switch modules, and the third and fourth ends of the second switch module are grounded.

[0015] In the above technical solution, the second control module can precisely control the on / off states of multiple first switch modules by controlling the on / off state of the second switch module, thereby achieving precise control of the working state of the fault detection system. When the second control module controls the second switch module to conduct, multiple first switch modules connected to the second switch module will conduct synchronously, resulting in high control synchronization. Furthermore, it eliminates the need for each first switch module to be connected to the second control module, reducing wiring and simplifying system connections.

[0016] Combining the first aspect and the above implementation methods, in some possible implementation methods, the second switching module is an optocoupler; the anode of the light-emitting diode in the optocoupler is connected to the other end of the fourth resistor as the first terminal of the second switching module, the cathode of the light-emitting diode in the optocoupler is grounded as the third terminal of the second switching module, the collector of the transistor in the optocoupler is connected to the controlled terminals of multiple first switching modules as the second terminal of the second switching module, and the emitter of the transistor in the optocoupler is grounded as the fourth terminal of the second switching module.

[0017] Combining the first aspect and the above implementation methods, in some possible implementation methods, the controlled ends of multiple first switch modules are interconnected to form a common node, and the second end of the second switch module is connected to the common node.

[0018] In the above technical solution, multiple first switch modules can be connected to the second switch module through the same wiring harness, so as to further shorten the length of the connection harness and simplify the system circuit.

[0019] In combination with the first aspect and the above implementation methods, in some possible implementation methods, the fault detection system further includes a fifth resistor and a filter capacitor; one end of the fifth resistor is connected to the first control module, and the other end of the fifth resistor is connected to one end of the first resistor; the first plate of the filter capacitor is connected to one end of the first resistor and the other end of the fifth resistor, and the second plate of the filter capacitor is grounded.

[0020] In the above technical solution, the RC filter formed by the fifth resistor and the filter capacitor can filter out high-frequency noise, reduce interference components in the detection signal output by the first resistor, and improve the signal-to-noise ratio by removing noise through the fifth resistor and the filter capacitor, reducing electromagnetic interference and making the detection signal easier for the first control module to receive. Secondly, the fifth resistor and the filter capacitor can also smooth the detection signal, reducing fluctuations and jitter, making the detection signal received by the first control module more stable. Thus, by setting the fifth resistor and the filter capacitor between the first resistor and the first control module, high-frequency noise in the detection signal can be filtered out, the detection signal stabilized, the signal-to-noise ratio improved, and electromagnetic interference reduced, thereby ensuring the reliability of the detection signal received by the first control module, and consequently ensuring the detection reliability of the fault detection system 1.

[0021] Secondly, embodiments of this application provide a vehicle including a high-voltage interlock circuit and a fault detection system as described in any of the optional embodiments of the first aspect. The high-voltage interlock circuit is provided with a plurality of low-voltage detection connectors, and the fault detection system is connected to the plurality of low-voltage detection connectors. Attached Figure Description

[0022] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of a vehicle module structure provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0023] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the module structure of a fault detection system provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0024] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the circuit structure of a fault detection system provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0025] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the circuit structure of another fault detection system provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0026] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the circuit structure of another fault detection system provided in the embodiments of this application;

[0027] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the circuit structure of another fault detection system provided in the embodiments of this application;

[0028] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the circuit structure of another fault detection system provided in the embodiments of this application.

[0029] The following are the labeling elements in the figure:

[0030] 1. Fault detection system; 11. Conversion module; 12. First control module; 13. Second control module; 14. First switch module; 15. Second switch module; 2. Low-voltage detection connector;

[0031] VCC, power supply voltage; Q, switching transistor; a, first node; b, second node; c, third node; d, fourth node; R1, first resistor; R2, second resistor; R3, third resistor; R4, fourth resistor; R5, fifth resistor; C, filter capacitor. Detailed Implementation

[0032] The technical solutions in this application will be clearly and thoroughly described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. In the description of the embodiments of this application, unless otherwise stated, " / " means "or," for example, A / B can mean A or B. "And / or" in the text is merely a description of the relationship between related objects, indicating that three relationships can exist. For example, A and / or B can represent: A existing alone, A and B existing simultaneously, and B existing alone. Furthermore, in the description of the embodiments of this application, "multiple" refers to two or more than two.

[0033] Hereinafter, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as implying or suggesting relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of technical features indicated. Thus, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of that feature.

[0034] Currently, new energy vehicles are widely used in various scenarios, replacing internal combustion engine vehicles. Compared to internal combustion engine vehicles, new energy vehicles produce less noise and do not directly emit exhaust fumes, making them more environmentally friendly. Furthermore, new energy vehicles are more intelligent, have higher energy conversion efficiency, and lower maintenance costs, leading to a growing number of people using them as their mode of transportation. New energy vehicles typically include a power battery to provide power to the vehicle and drive motor. For example, the power battery outputs direct current (DC) to the motor. The motor control unit (MCU) converts this DC power into three-phase alternating current (AC) to control the motor, controlling functions such as starting, acceleration, deceleration, braking, and energy recovery, thus ensuring the normal operation of the vehicle.

[0035] New energy vehicles typically have two electrical systems: a high-voltage system and a low-voltage system. The high-voltage system contains a high-voltage battery (e.g., a power battery) that powers high-power electrical equipment (e.g., motors) to drive the vehicle. Simultaneously, the power battery, under the control of the vehicle controller, charges the low-voltage battery, typically at several hundred volts. To ensure the safety of the driver, passengers, and the vehicle itself, a high-voltage interlock system is also usually installed. This system includes high-voltage connectors and a control system. The connectors connect various components in the high-voltage electrical system (e.g., high-voltage batteries, motors, inverters, etc.), ensuring the safe transmission of high-voltage current. Each connector typically has an interlock contact, and these contacts are connected in series to form a complete high-voltage interlock circuit. The high-voltage interlock circuit and control system can promptly cut off the high-voltage power supply in case of an abnormality in the high-voltage electrical system, thus preventing electric shock and fire risks.

[0036] High-voltage connectors may become loose or detached, causing an abnormality in the high-voltage interlock circuit. To monitor the connection status of the high-voltage interlock circuit in real time, high-voltage interlock systems in related technologies typically include a high-voltage interlock detection circuit. This detection circuit includes a low-voltage detection connector and a low-voltage detection port. The low-voltage detection connector connects the low-voltage detection port to the high-voltage interlock circuit to ensure reliable signal transmission and is usually distributed among various nodes in the high-voltage interlock circuit. The low-voltage detection port sends and receives low-voltage signals (e.g., 5V or 12V) to detect the status of the high-voltage interlock circuit. The detection principle is typically as follows: Before vehicle startup, the control system sends a low-voltage excitation signal through the low-voltage detection port. This excitation signal travels through the low-voltage detection connector along the interlock contacts of all high-voltage connectors in the high-voltage interlock circuit. If all high-voltage connectors are correctly connected, the excitation signal is successfully transmitted and returns to the low-voltage detection port through the low-voltage detection connector. If the low-voltage detection port receives a feedback signal that matches the sent excitation signal, it indicates that all high-voltage connectors are correctly connected and the high-voltage interlock circuit is normal. At this time, the control system will activate the high-voltage power supply, and the high-voltage electrical system will begin operation. Once a fault in the high-voltage interlock circuit is detected, the control system will take the same action, namely, cutting off the high-voltage output of all loads.

[0037] However, high-voltage interlock detection circuits in related technologies can typically only detect whether a fault has occurred in the high-voltage interlock circuit, but cannot accurately locate the specific fault location, resulting in low efficiency in troubleshooting high-voltage interlock systems. Secondly, each low-voltage detection connector in these technologies needs to be connected to the control system via a wiring harness. This can lead to multiple wiring harnesses overlapping and becoming tangled, causing interference between them. Furthermore, the longer the wiring harness, the greater the resistance, capacitance, and inductance encountered during signal transmission, resulting in gradual signal energy loss and low signal transmission reliability, which in turn leads to low detection reliability.

[0038] Therefore, this application provides a fault detection system and a vehicle. The fault detection system can convert the connection status of the low-voltage detection connector into a level detection signal that can be recognized by the first and second control modules, so that the second control module can accurately determine the fault location and the on / off status of the high-voltage interlock circuit based on the detection signal, thereby improving the detection and troubleshooting efficiency and the detection reliability.

[0039] The fault detection system and vehicle provided in the embodiments of this application are described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0040] This application provides a vehicle comprising a high-voltage electrical system and a low-voltage electrical system. The high-voltage electrical system includes a high-voltage battery (e.g., a power battery) to power high-power electrical equipment (e.g., motors, inverters, and other high-voltage components) in the vehicle, driving the vehicle to maintain normal operation. Simultaneously, the power battery, under the control of the vehicle controller, charges the low-voltage battery in the low-voltage electrical system. The low-voltage electrical system includes a low-voltage battery (e.g., a 12V storage battery) and a DC-DC converter (DCDC). The DC-DC converter converts the high-voltage electricity from the high-voltage battery into low-voltage electricity to meet the signal transmission / control requirements of the vehicle; further details are omitted here.

[0041] In high-voltage electrical systems, the voltage is typically several hundred volts or higher. When personnel are repairing or inspecting vehicles, they may accidentally come into contact with high-voltage components that are not fully disconnected, leading to electric shock. Furthermore, short circuits or poor connections in high-voltage electrical systems can cause sparks or overheating, potentially leading to fires, posing significant safety hazards. Therefore, the vehicle provided in this application is equipped with a high-voltage interlock system. This system includes high-voltage connectors used to connect various components in the high-voltage electrical system, ensuring the safe transmission of high-voltage current. Each high-voltage connector typically has an interlock contact, and these contacts are connected in series via wires to form a complete high-voltage interlock circuit. This circuit ensures that the high-voltage power supply will not be activated when the high-voltage connector is not fully connected or disconnected, thus preventing personnel from contacting energized high-voltage components. Simultaneously, when the high-voltage electrical system experiences a short circuit or poor connection, the high-voltage interlock circuit can quickly cut off the high-voltage power supply, preventing fires caused by electrical faults.

[0042] To achieve fault detection in high-voltage interlock circuits, in one example, such as Figure 1 As shown, the vehicle provided in this application also includes a fault detection system 1 and multiple low-voltage detection connectors 2. The low-voltage detection connectors 2 are located in the high-voltage interlock circuit (not shown in the figure) and correspond to the high-voltage connectors (not shown in the figure). The fault detection system 1 in this application can realize fault detection and accurate fault location of the high-voltage interlock circuit by detecting the connection status of the low-voltage detection connectors. It is worth noting that the number of low-voltage detection connectors can be equal to or less than the number of high-voltage connectors. When the number of low-voltage detection connectors is equal to the number of high-voltage connectors, the high-voltage connectors and low-voltage detection connectors are in one-to-one correspondence to ensure that the status of each high-voltage connector can be detected independently, thereby improving the safety of the system. When the number of low-voltage detection connectors is less than the number of high-voltage connectors, multiple high-voltage connectors can be connected to the same low-voltage detection connector to save manufacturing costs. The specific configuration can be set according to actual needs, and this application does not impose specific restrictions on this.

[0043] To enable the fault detection system 1 to accurately detect the connection status of multiple low-voltage detection connectors 2, and to avoid the problem of excessively long wiring harnesses between the multiple low-voltage detection connectors 2 and the fault detection system 1 affecting detection reliability, in one example, such as Figure 2 As shown, the fault detection system 1 includes multiple conversion modules 11, a first control module 12 and a second control module 13. The multiple conversion modules 11 are respectively connected to multiple low-voltage detection connectors 2 in a one-to-one correspondence. The first control module 12 is connected to the multiple conversion modules 11, and the second control module 13 is connected to the first control module 12.

[0044] In this example, each conversion module 11 can output a corresponding detection signal based on the connection status of the low-voltage detection connector 2, and output the detection signal to the first control module 12 connected to it. The first control module 12 receives the detection signals from multiple conversion modules 11 and outputs them to the second control module 13. The second control module 13 receives multiple detection signals processed by the first control module 12, and determines the on / off status of the high-voltage interlock circuit and the connection status of the multiple low-voltage detection connectors 2 based on the multiple detection signals. The connection status includes normal connection and abnormal connection. When the low-voltage detection connector 2 is normally connected, the high-voltage interlock circuit is connected, i.e., the high-voltage interlock circuit is normal. Abnormal connection refers to situations such as the low-voltage detection connector 2 being loose or detached. In this case, the low-voltage detection connector 2 is abnormally connected, causing the high-voltage interlock circuit to disconnect, i.e., the high-voltage interlock circuit is abnormal.

[0045] One end of the conversion module 11 is connected to the first end of the low-voltage detection connector 2, and the other end of the conversion module 11 is connected to the second end of the low-voltage detection connector 2, enabling the conversion module 11 to output a corresponding electrical signal based on the connection status of the low-voltage detection connector 2. When the low-voltage detection connector 2 corresponding to the conversion module 11 is normally connected, the conversion module 11 will not receive current, and the voltage across the conversion module 11 will be zero. The detection signal output by the conversion module 11 can be a low-level detection signal indicating that the connection status of the low-voltage detection connector 2 is normal. When the low-voltage detection connector 2 corresponding to the conversion module 11 is abnormally connected, the conversion module 11 will receive current, and the voltage across the conversion module 11 will be high. In this case, the detection signal output by the conversion module 11 can be a high-level detection signal indicating that the connection status of the low-voltage detection connector 2 is abnormal.

[0046] It is understood that the conversion module 11 provided in this application can convert the connection status of the low-voltage detection connector 2 into high and low level detection signals that can be recognized by the detection module 12. When the conversion module 11 outputs a low-level detection signal, it means that the voltage at one end of the conversion module 11 is zero, and the low-voltage detection connector 2 connected to the conversion module 11 is connected normally. When the conversion module 11 outputs a high-level detection signal, it means that the voltage at one end of the conversion module 11 is not zero, and the low-voltage detection connector 2 connected to the conversion module 11 is connected abnormally. The first control module 12 processes the received multiple detection signals and sends them to the second control module 13, so that the second control module 13 can determine the connection status of the multiple low-voltage detection connectors 2 and the on / off status of the corresponding high-voltage interlock circuit based on the multiple detection signals.

[0047] For example, when all low-voltage detection connectors 2 are in a normal connection state, multiple conversion modules 11 can convert the normal connection state into a corresponding detection signal. At this time, the detection signal is a low-level detection signal indicating that the low-voltage detection connectors 2 are in a normal connection state. Multiple conversion modules 11 output the corresponding low-level detection signal to the first control module 12. The first control module 12 processes the multiple low-level detection signals and then outputs them to the second control module 13. The second control module 13 can determine based on the multiple low-level detection signals from the first control module 12 that all low-voltage detection connectors 2 are normally connected at this time, and the high-voltage interlock circuit remains connected, that is, the high-voltage interlock circuit has not failed at this time.

[0048] For example, when one of the low-voltage detection connectors 2 is in an abnormal connection state, while the other low-voltage detection connectors 2 are in a normal connection state, the conversion module 11 corresponding to one of the low-voltage detection connectors 2 can convert the abnormal connection state into a corresponding high-level detection signal. This high-level detection signal indicates that the low-voltage detection connector 2 is in an abnormal connection state. The conversion module 11 outputs the corresponding high-level detection signal to the first control module 12, which processes the signal before sending it to the second control module 13. Similarly, the conversion modules 11 corresponding to the other low-voltage detection connectors 2 can convert the normal connection state into a corresponding low-level detection signal. This low-level detection signal indicates that the low-voltage detection connector 2 is in a normal connection state. Multiple conversion modules 11 output the corresponding low-level detection signals to the first control module 12, which processes the signal before sending it to the second control module 13. The second control module 13 can determine that the corresponding low-voltage detection connector 2 is abnormally connected based on the high-level detection signal, and determine that all corresponding low-voltage detection connectors 2 are normally connected based on the low-level detection signal. It can be understood that if any one of the multiple low-voltage detection connectors 2 is abnormally connected, the high-voltage interlock circuit will be shut down. That is, at this time, the second control module 13 can determine that the high-voltage interlock circuit has failed based on the high-level detection signal. Once a fault is detected in the high-voltage interlock circuit and the fault location (i.e., the abnormally connected low-voltage detection connector 2) is determined, personnel can repair or replace the low-voltage detection connector 2 based on the fault location to efficiently troubleshoot the high-voltage interlock system.

[0049] It is understood that the conversion module 11 in this application can autonomously convert the connection status of the low-voltage detection connector 2. That is, the fault detection system 1 can achieve autonomous detection through the conversion module 11 without relying on the control of the control module or other systems, thus providing high detection flexibility.

[0050] Thus, the conversion module 11 provided in this application can convert the connection status of the low-voltage detection connector 2 into high and low level detection signals that can be recognized by the first control module 12 and the second control module 13. That is, the conversion module 11 can convert the connection status of the low-voltage detection connector 2 in real time and send the converted detection signals to the first control module 12. The first control module 12 processes these detection signals and then sends them to the second control module 13, so that the second control module 13 can accurately know the on / off status of the high-voltage interlock circuit and the specific fault location (i.e., the abnormally connected low-voltage detection connector 2) based on the detection signals. This achieves accurate detection of the connection status of the low-voltage detection connector 2 and the on / off status of the high-voltage interlock circuit, allowing staff to determine the fault of the low-voltage detection connector 2 and quickly repair or replace it. This improves the efficiency of detection and troubleshooting, effectively solves the problem of low efficiency in troubleshooting high-voltage interlock systems, and improves safety to a certain extent. Secondly, compared to using a longer wiring harness to connect the conversion module 11 and the second control module 13, multiple conversion modules 11 first send the detection signal to the first control module 12, and then the first control module 12 sends it to the second control module 13. That is, the conversion module 11 and the first control module 12 are connected by wiring harnesses, and the first control module 12 is connected to the second control module 13 by wiring harnesses. Each wiring harness is separated from the others, avoiding interference between the wiring harnesses. Moreover, the shorter the wiring harness, the smaller the resistance, capacitance and inductance encountered by the detection signal during the output process, resulting in higher reliability of the detection signal output and higher detection reliability.

[0051] In one example, such as Figure 3 As shown, each conversion module 11 includes a first resistor R1. One end of the first resistor R1 is connected to the first end of the low-voltage detection connector 2, and the other end of the first resistor R1 is connected to the second end of the low-voltage detection connector 2. The other ends of multiple first resistors R1 are interconnected and grounded.

[0052] In this example, when the low-voltage detection connector 2 is in a normal connection state, the voltage difference across the first resistor R1 is 0V, and the detection signal output by the first resistor R1 is a low-level detection signal. When the low-voltage detection connector 2 is in an abnormal connection state, there is a voltage difference across the first resistor R1, and the voltage difference is greater than 0V, and the detection signal output by the first resistor R1 is a high-level detection signal.

[0053] For example, such as Figure 3As shown, taking the fault detection system 1, which includes four first resistors R1, as an example, one end of each of the four first resistors R1 is connected to the first end of the corresponding low-voltage detection connector 2 at the first node a, the second node b, the third node c, and the fourth node d, respectively. When all the low-voltage detection connectors 2 are in a normal connection state, the voltages at the first node a, the second node b, the third node c, and the fourth node d are all zero. At this time, the detection signal output by the four first resistors R1 to the first control module 12 is a low-level detection signal. When the first low-voltage detection connector 2 is in a connection abnormal state, and the other three low-voltage detection connectors 2 are in a normal connection state, the voltage at the first node a is not zero. At this time, the detection signal output by the corresponding first resistor R1 to the first control module 12 is a high-level detection signal, while the voltages at the second node b, the third node c, and the fourth node d are all zero. At this time, the detection signal output by the corresponding first resistor R1 to the first control module 12 is a low-level detection signal.

[0054] Thus, by detecting the voltage difference across the first resistor R1 and the voltage of the corresponding node, the first control module 12 and the second control module 13 can easily determine the connection status of the low-voltage detection connector 2 connected to it. The first resistor R1 can autonomously convert the connection status of the low-voltage detection connector 2, that is, the first resistor R1 can convert the connection status of the low-voltage detection connector 2 into a high or low level signal that can be recognized by the first control module 12 and the second control module 13, so that the fault detection system 1 can achieve autonomous detection based on the first resistor R1 without relying on the control of the control module or other systems, and the detection flexibility is high.

[0055] Optionally, the first resistor R1 provided in this application can be connected to the low-voltage detection connector 2 via the low-voltage detection port.

[0056] The high-voltage components in this application are located at different positions on the vehicle, and the high-voltage connector and the low-voltage detection connector 2 are also located at different positions on the vehicle. To further shorten the length of the connecting harness, optionally, multiple first resistors R1 are connected to the adjacent first control module 12 to shorten the length of the connecting harness between the first control module 12 and the first resistor R1, thereby simplifying the system wiring and further reducing the resistance, capacitance, and inductance encountered by the detection signal during transmission, thus further improving the transmission reliability and detection reliability of the detection signal. Secondly, the connection of the first resistor R1 to the adjacent first control module 12 separates the connecting harnesses from each other, avoiding interference between the harnesses and potential safety hazards, thus improving safety to a certain extent.

[0057] It is understood that the first control module 12 in this application can reuse the electronic control unit (ECU) corresponding to each high-voltage component in the vehicle, and the first control module 12 can also reuse the ECU in other modules. This application does not impose specific restrictions on this.

[0058] Optionally, the second control module 13 can be a microcontroller unit (MCU). The MCU can process multiple detection signals from the first control module 12 to determine the connection status of the low-voltage detection connector 2 and the on / off status of the high-voltage interlock circuit based on these detection signals. When the second control module 13 uses an MCU, it has high integration, low power consumption, strong signal processing flexibility, and high signal processing reliability. The first control module 12 and the second control module 13 can be connected via a Controller Area Network (CAN) bus.

[0059] The specific implementation schemes of high-voltage interlock circuits can be classified into voltage source type and current source type according to the circuit excitation source. For examples, please refer to [reference needed]. Figure 2 and Figure 3 The high-voltage interlock circuit adopts a voltage source type. The conversion module 11 and the low-voltage detection connector 2 are connected to the power supply voltage VCC. In order to reduce the energy consumption of the fault detection system 1, in one example, such as Figure 4 As shown, the fault detection system 1 also includes multiple first switch modules 14. The first terminals of the multiple first switch modules 14 are connected to the power supply voltage VCC. The second terminals of the multiple first switch modules 14 are respectively connected to one end of multiple first resistors R1 and the first terminal of the low voltage detection connector 1. The controlled terminals of the multiple first switch modules 14 are connected to the second control module 13.

[0060] In this example, when the entire fault detection system 1 needs to be tested, the second control module 13 can simultaneously control multiple first switch modules 14 to conduct, so that the power supply voltage VCC is applied to the circuit where the conversion module 11 is located, enabling the fault detection system 1 to operate normally. When only the connection status of a few low-voltage detection connectors 2 needs to be checked, since each low-voltage detection connector 2 and the first resistor R1 are each equipped with a corresponding first switch module 14, the second control module 13 can control the first switch module 14 corresponding to the low-voltage detection connector 2 that needs to be checked to conduct, while keeping the first switch modules 14 corresponding to the remaining low-voltage detection connectors 2 off, thereby realizing the detection of the connection status of the corresponding low-voltage detection connector 2. Each low-voltage detection connector 2 and its corresponding first resistor R1 are controlled by an independent first switch module 14, resulting in high detection accuracy and flexibility. When the fault detection system 1 does not need to perform overall detection, the second control module 13 can simultaneously control multiple first switch modules 14 to turn off, so that the power supply voltage VCC will not be applied to the circuit where the conversion module 11 is located. At this time, the conversion module 11 and other modules do not work, so as to save energy consumption.

[0061] Thus, each low-voltage detection connector 2 and its corresponding first resistor R1 are controlled by an independent first switch module 14, resulting in high control precision. Furthermore, any first switch module 14 corresponding to a low-voltage detection connector 2 can be switched on according to actual troubleshooting needs, allowing the corresponding first resistor R1 to switch the connection state of the low-voltage detection connector 2 and be checked independently, providing high testing flexibility. Moreover, the multiple first switch modules 14 corresponding to multiple low-voltage detection connectors 2 and multiple first resistors R1 are independent of each other; that is, the detection branches corresponding to each first resistor R1 do not affect each other, thus ensuring the reliability of independent testing of each first resistor R1. Secondly, by simultaneously controlling the on / off states of multiple first switch modules 14, the second control module 13 can also achieve precise control of the overall operating state of the fault detection system 1. For example, the second control module 13 can simultaneously control multiple first switch modules 14 to turn off, reducing the overall energy consumption of the fault detection system 1 and thus saving energy.

[0062] In one example, such as Figure 5 As shown, each first switch module 14 includes a switch transistor Q and a second resistor R2. The first end of the switch transistor Q serves as the first end of the first switch module 14 and is connected to the power supply voltage VCC. The controlled end of the switch transistor Q serves as the controlled end of the first switch module 14 and is connected to the second control module 13. One end of the second resistor R2 is connected to the second end of the switch transistor Q. The other end of the second resistor R2 serves as the second end of the first switch module 14 and is connected to one end of the first resistor R1 and the first end of the low-voltage detection connector 2.

[0063] In this example, when the fault detection system 1 needs to perform detection, the second control module 13 controls multiple switching transistors Q to turn on, so that the power supply voltage VCC is applied to the circuit where the conversion module 11 is located through the second resistor R2, enabling the fault detection system 1 to operate normally. If a low-voltage detection connector 2 is abnormally connected at this time, the detection signal output by the conversion module 11 connected to it to the first control module 12 is a high-level detection signal divided by the second resistor R2. When the fault detection system 1 does not need to perform detection, the second control module 13 controls multiple switching transistors Q to turn off, so that the power supply voltage VCC is not applied to the circuit where the conversion module 11 is located. At this time, the conversion module 11 and other modules do not work. Thus, the second control module 13 can precisely control the working state of the fault detection system 1 by controlling the on / off state of multiple switching transistors Q. When the second control module 13 controls multiple switching transistors Q to be on, the second resistor R2 acts as a voltage divider resistor, which can ensure the reliability of the voltage input to the circuit where the conversion module 11 is located. When the second control module 13 controls multiple switching transistors Q to be off, the energy consumption of the fault detection system 1 can be reduced, saving a certain amount of energy.

[0064] Optionally, the switching transistor Q can be a switch, an N-Metal Oxide Semiconductor (NMOS) field-effect transistor, a P-Metal Oxide Semiconductor (PMOS) field-effect transistor, an IGBT, a transistor, a relay circuit, or other devices or circuits capable of switching on and off. This application does not impose specific limitations on this.

[0065] For example, such as Figure 5 As shown, the switching transistor Q can be a PMOS transistor. The gates of multiple PMOS transistors are connected to the second control module 13, the sources of multiple PMOS transistors are connected to the power supply voltage VCC, and the drains of multiple PMOS transistors are connected to one end of multiple second resistors R2 respectively. When the fault detection system 1 needs to perform detection, the second control module 13 will control the gate and source of the PMOS transistor to connect, thereby connecting the source and drain of the PMOS transistor, so that the power supply voltage VCC can be applied to the circuit where the conversion module 11 is located through the second resistor R2.

[0066] In one example, such as Figure 5As shown, the fault detection system 1 also includes a third resistor R3. One end of the third resistor R3 is connected to the controlled terminal of the multiple switching transistors Q, and the other end of the third resistor R3 is connected to the first terminal of the multiple switching transistors Q. In this example, when the switching transistor Q is a PMOS transistor, by setting a third resistor R3 between the gate and source of the PMOS transistor, the gate current of the PMOS transistor can be limited, the anti-interference capability of the PMOS transistor can be improved, the switching characteristics can be improved, and the circuit impedance can be matched, thereby improving the overall stability and reliability of the fault detection system 1.

[0067] Suppose we want to reduce wiring harnesses to simplify system connections. In one example, such as... Figure 6 As shown, the fault detection system 1 also includes a fourth resistor R4 and a second switch module 15. One end of the fourth resistor R4 is connected to the second control module 13, the first end of the second switch module 15 is connected to the other end of the fourth resistor R4, the second end of the second switch module 15 is connected to the controlled ends of multiple first switch modules 14, and the third and fourth ends of the second switch module 15 are grounded.

[0068] In this example, when the fault detection system 1 needs to perform detection, the second control module 13 can control the second switch module 15 to turn on. When the second switch module 15 turns on, the multiple first switch modules 14 connected to the second switch module 15 will also turn on accordingly, so that the power supply voltage VCC can be applied to the circuit where the conversion module 11 is located through the second resistor R2, enabling the fault detection system 1 to operate normally. When the fault detection system 1 does not need to perform detection, the second control module 13 will control the second switch module 15 to turn off. When the second switch module 15 turns off, the multiple first switch modules 14 connected to the second switch module 15 will also turn off accordingly, so that the power supply voltage VCC will not be applied to the circuit where the conversion module 11 is located. At this time, the conversion module 11 and other modules do not work.

[0069] Thus, by controlling the on / off state of the second switch module 15, the second control module 13 can precisely control the on / off state of multiple first switch modules 14, thereby achieving precise control over the operating state of the fault detection system 1. When the second control module 13 controls the second switch module 15 to conduct, the multiple first switch modules 14 connected to the second switch module 15 will conduct synchronously, resulting in high control synchronicity. Furthermore, it eliminates the need for each first switch module 14 to be connected to the second control module 13, reducing wiring and simplifying system connections.

[0070] It is worth noting that the connection between the multiple first switch modules 14 and the second control module 13 can be configured according to actual needs, for example, as follows: Figure 4As shown, multiple first switch modules 14 can all be connected to the second control module 13 via wiring harnesses. When one wiring harness fails, the first switch modules 14 connected to the other wiring harnesses can still switch normally, thereby improving the reliability of the fault detection system 1. For example, as... Figure 6 As shown, multiple first switch modules 14 can be connected to a second switch module 15, and the second switch module 15 is connected to a second control module 13 to simplify the wiring harness arrangement. This application does not impose specific limitations on this.

[0071] To further reduce the arrangement of the wiring harness, in one example, such as Figure 6 As shown, the controlled terminals of multiple first switch modules 14 are interconnected to form a common node, and the second terminal of the second switch module 15 is connected to the common node. In this way, multiple first switch modules 14 can be connected to the second switch module 15 through the same wiring harness, thereby further shortening the length of the connection harness and simplifying the system wiring.

[0072] Optionally, the second switching module 15 may be a switch, an NMOS field-effect transistor, a PMOS field-effect transistor, an IGBT, a transistor, a relay circuit, or other devices or circuits capable of switching on and off. This application does not impose specific limitations on this.

[0073] For example, such as Figure 6 As shown, the second switching module 15 can be an optocoupler. The anode of the LED in the optocoupler serves as the first terminal of the second switching module 15 and is connected to the other end of the fourth resistor R4. The cathode of the LED serves as the third terminal of the second switching module 15 and is grounded. The collector of the transistor serves as the second terminal of the second switching module 15 and is connected to the controlled terminals of multiple first switching modules 14. The emitter of the transistor serves as the fourth terminal of the second switching module 15 and is grounded. The second control module 13 can control the switching on and off of the transistor by changing the current of the LED. That is, it controls the switching on and off of the transistor by outputting different high and low levels of the LED current, thus outputting corresponding high and low level detection signals. This provides high flexibility, fast response speed, and the LED only requires a small current to drive it, resulting in low power consumption. Secondly, in the optocoupler composed of LEDs and transistors, the LED circuit and the transistor circuit are electrically isolated. That is, there is no direct electrical connection between the control circuit corresponding to the LED and the load circuit corresponding to the transistor. This can effectively prevent high voltage or high current from damaging the circuit, achieve electrical isolation, and improve the service life and reliability of the fault detection system 1.

[0074] In one example, such as Figure 7As shown, the fault detection system 1 also includes a fifth resistor R5 and a filter capacitor C. One end of the fifth resistor R5 is connected to the first control module 12, and the other end of the fifth resistor R5 is connected to one end of the first resistor R1. The first plate of the filter capacitor C is connected to one end of the first resistor R1 and the other end of the fifth resistor R5, and the second plate of the filter capacitor C is grounded.

[0075] In this example, the RC filter formed by the fifth resistor R5 and the filter capacitor C can filter out high-frequency noise, reduce interference components in the detection signal output by the first resistor R1, and improve the signal-to-noise ratio by removing noise through the fifth resistor R5 and the filter capacitor C, reducing electromagnetic interference and making the detection signal easier for the first control module 12 to receive. Secondly, the fifth resistor R5 and the filter capacitor C can also smooth the detection signal, reducing fluctuations and jitter, making the detection signal received by the first control module 12 more stable. Thus, by placing the fifth resistor R5 and the filter capacitor C between the first resistor R1 and the first control module 12, high-frequency noise in the detection signal can be filtered out, the detection signal stabilized, the signal-to-noise ratio improved, and electromagnetic interference reduced, thereby ensuring the reliability of the detection signal received by the first control module 12, and consequently ensuring the detection reliability of the fault detection system 1.

[0076] It is worth noting that each first resistor R1 and the first control module 12 are provided with a first resistor R1 and a filter capacitor C, and the second plates of multiple filter capacitors C are connected to each other to ground.

[0077] In summary, the conversion module 11 provided in this application can convert the connection status of the low-voltage detection connector 2 into high and low level detection signals recognizable by the first control module 12 and the second control module 13. That is, the conversion module 11 can convert the connection status of the low-voltage detection connector 2 in real time and send the converted detection signals to the first control module 12. The first control module 12 processes these detection signals and then sends them to the second control module 13, so that the second control module 13 can accurately determine the on / off status of the high-voltage interlock circuit and the specific fault location (i.e., the abnormally connected low-voltage detection connector 2) based on the detection signals. This achieves accurate detection of the connection status of the low-voltage detection connector 2 and the on / off status of the high-voltage interlock circuit, allowing personnel to determine the fault of the low-voltage detection connector 2 and quickly repair or replace it. This improves the efficiency of detection and troubleshooting, effectively solves the problem of low efficiency in troubleshooting high-voltage interlock systems, and improves safety to a certain extent. Secondly, compared to using a longer wiring harness to connect the conversion module 11 and the second control module 13, multiple conversion modules 11 first send the detection signal to the first control module 12, and then the first control module 12 sends it to the second control module 13. That is, the conversion module 11 and the first control module 12 are connected by wiring harnesses, and the first control module 12 is connected to the second control module 13 by wiring harnesses. Each wiring harness is separated from the others, avoiding interference between the wiring harnesses. Moreover, the shorter the wiring harness, the smaller the resistance, capacitance and inductance encountered by the detection signal during the output process, resulting in higher reliability of the detection signal output and higher detection reliability.

[0078] The vehicle in this application embodiment can be an electric vehicle, that is, a vehicle that uses electrical energy as a power source and drives the wheels through an electric motor. Electric vehicles include, but are not limited to, battery electric vehicles (BEVs), plug-in hybrid electric vehicles (PHEVs), hybrid electric vehicles (HEVs), and extended-range electric vehicles (EREVs). This application does not impose specific limitations in this regard.

[0079] The vehicle provided in this application embodiment has all the beneficial effects of the fault detection system 1 described above, and therefore will not be described again.

[0080] Through the above description of the embodiments, those skilled in the art will understand that, for the sake of convenience and brevity, only the division of the above functional modules is used as an example. In actual applications, the above functions can be assigned to different functional modules as needed, that is, the internal structure of the device can be divided into different functional modules to complete all or part of the functions described above.

[0081] In the embodiments provided in this application, it should be understood that the disclosed apparatus and methods can be implemented in other ways. For example, the apparatus embodiments described above are merely illustrative; for instance, the division of modules or units is only a logical functional division, and in actual implementation, there may be other division methods. For example, multiple units or components may be combined or integrated into another device, or some features may be ignored or not executed. Furthermore, the coupling or direct coupling or communication connection shown or discussed may be through some interfaces; the indirect coupling or communication connection between devices or units may be electrical, mechanical, or other forms.

[0082] The above description is merely a specific embodiment of this application, but the scope of protection of this application is not limited thereto. Any variations or substitutions that can be easily conceived by those skilled in the art within the scope of the technology disclosed in this application should be included within the scope of protection of this application. Therefore, the scope of protection of this application should be determined by the scope of the claims.

Claims

1. A fault detection system applied to a high-voltage interlock circuit with multiple low-voltage detection connectors, characterized in that, The fault detection system includes: Multiple conversion modules are provided, and each of the multiple conversion modules is connected to a corresponding low-voltage detection connector. Each conversion module can output a corresponding detection signal based on the connection status of the low-voltage detection connector. A first control module, connected to a plurality of the conversion modules, is configured to receive the detection signals from the plurality of conversion modules; and, A second control module is connected to the first control module. The second control module is used to receive multiple detection signals processed by the first control module. The second control module is used to determine the on / off state of the high-voltage interlock circuit and the connection state of the multiple low-voltage detection connectors based on the multiple detection signals.

2. The fault detection system according to claim 1, characterized in that, Each of the aforementioned conversion modules includes: A first resistor, one end of which is connected to a first end of the low-voltage detection connector, and the other end of which is connected to a second end of the low-voltage detection connector; The other ends of the plurality of the first resistors are interconnected and grounded.

3. The fault detection system according to claim 2, characterized in that, The fault detection system also includes: Multiple first switch modules are provided, with their first terminals connected to a power supply voltage. The second terminals of the multiple first switch modules are respectively connected to one end of the multiple first resistors and the first terminal of the low-voltage detection connector. The controlled terminals of the multiple first switch modules are connected to the second control module.

4. The fault detection system according to claim 3, characterized in that, Each of the first switch modules includes: A switching transistor, wherein its first terminal serves as the first terminal of the first switching module and is connected to the power supply voltage, and its controlled terminal serves as the controlled terminal of the first switching module and is connected to the second control module; and, The second resistor has one end connected to the second end of the switching transistor, and the other end of the second resistor serves as the second end of the first switching module, connected to one end of the first resistor and the first end of the low-voltage detection connector.

5. The fault detection system according to claim 4, characterized in that, The fault detection system also includes: A third resistor, one end of which is connected to the controlled terminal of the plurality of switching transistors, and the other end of which is connected to the first terminal of the plurality of switching transistors.

6. The fault detection system according to claim 3, characterized in that, The fault detection system also includes: A fourth resistor, one end of which is connected to the second control module; and, The second switch module has a first terminal connected to the other terminal of the fourth resistor, a second terminal connected to the controlled terminals of multiple first switch modules, and a third and fourth terminal grounded.

7. The fault detection system according to claim 6, characterized in that, The second switch module is an optocoupler; In the optocoupler, the anode of the light-emitting diode is connected to the other end of the fourth resistor as the first terminal of the second switching module. The cathode of the light-emitting diode in the optocoupler is grounded as the third terminal of the second switching module. The collector of the transistor in the optocoupler is connected to the controlled terminals of multiple first switching modules as the second terminal of the second switching module. The emitter of the transistor in the optocoupler is grounded as the fourth terminal of the second switching module.

8. The fault detection system according to claim 6, characterized in that, The controlled terminals of multiple first switch modules are interconnected to form a common node, and the second terminal of the second switch module is connected to the common node.

9. The fault detection system according to any one of claims 2-8, characterized in that, The fault detection system also includes: A fifth resistor, one end of which is connected to the first control module, and the other end of which is connected to one end of the first resistor; and, A filter capacitor, wherein the first plate of the filter capacitor is connected to one end of the first resistor and the other end of the fifth resistor, and the second plate of the filter capacitor is grounded.

10. A vehicle, characterized in that, The vehicles include: A high-voltage interlock circuit, wherein the high-voltage interlock circuit is equipped with multiple low-voltage detection connectors; The fault detection system according to any one of claims 1 to 9 is connected to a plurality of the low-voltage detection connectors.

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