High-voltage interlocking detection system and vehicle

Abstract

The utility model provides a high-voltage interlocking detection system and a vehicle, the system is applied to a high-voltage interlocking loop with a plurality of low-voltage detection connectors, and the high-voltage interlocking detection system comprises a plurality of detection branches and a control module. The plurality of detection branches are connected with the plurality of low-voltage detection connectors in a one-to-one correspondence manner; the detection branch is used for sampling the low-voltage detection connector and outputting a detection signal based on a sampling signal obtained by sampling; the control module is connected with the plurality of detection branches so as to receive the detection signals; and the control module is used for determining the working state of the low-voltage detection connector based on the detection signal. According to the invention, the general control module is connected with the plurality of detection branches, the centralized processing of the detection signals detected by the plurality of detection branches can be realized, when the system needs to be expanded, only a new detection branch needs to be added, and a new control unit does not need to be added, so that the system expansion efficiency is improved. And the expandability of the high-voltage interlocking detection system is effectively improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of vehicle electronics technology, and in particular to a high-voltage interlock detection system and vehicle. Background Technology

[0002] To enable real-time monitoring of the connection status of high-voltage circuits during vehicle charging and discharging, identify abnormal disconnections or damage to high-voltage circuits, and promptly disconnect high-voltage power to ensure safety, a high-voltage interlock system has been proposed in related technologies. The high-voltage interlock system comprises a high-voltage interlock circuit consisting of electrical equipment such as low-voltage detection connectors and low-voltage detection lines.

[0003] Low-voltage detection connectors in high-voltage interlock circuits are prone to failure due to wear and aging after prolonged operation. Currently, to accurately locate faulty low-voltage detection connectors, various high-voltage interlock detection systems have been proposed for their inspection. In these systems, the detection module transmits the detected signal to the control module, which then determines whether the low-voltage detection connector has failed based on this signal. In practical applications, there are typically multiple low-voltage detection connectors. Corresponding to these multiple connectors, the high-voltage interlock detection system includes multiple control modules and multiple detection modules. Each detection module detects the detection signal generated by one low-voltage connector and transmits it via a wiring harness to the corresponding control module.

[0004] However, as the number of low-voltage detection connectors increases, new control modules are also needed in addition to the detection modules, resulting in poor expandability of the high-voltage interlock detection system. Utility Model Content

[0005] This application provides a high-voltage interlock detection system and vehicle, which can solve the problem of poor expandability of existing high-voltage interlock detection systems.

[0006] In a first aspect, this application provides a high-voltage interlock detection system, applied to a high-voltage interlock circuit with multiple low-voltage detection connectors, comprising:

[0007] Multiple detection branches are connected one-to-one with multiple low-voltage detection connectors; each detection branch is used to sample the low-voltage detection connector and output a detection signal based on the sampled signal.

[0008] A control module is connected to multiple detection branches to receive the detection signals; the control module is used to determine the operating status of the low-voltage detection connector based on the detection signals.

[0009] In the solution provided in this application, the high-voltage interlock detection system adopts a configuration where a central control module is connected to multiple detection branches. This enables centralized processing of detection signals from multiple branches. When the high-voltage interlock detection system needs to be expanded, only new detection branches need to be added, without the need for new control units, effectively improving the scalability of the high-voltage interlock detection system. Since no new control units are required, the hardware cost of expanding the high-voltage interlock detection system is also reduced. Furthermore, because this application's solution uses a central control module to centrally process the detection signals from multiple branches, it ensures overall consistency in data organization, offering advantages such as high consistency of processing results and ease of maintenance. In addition, since the detection signals generated by multiple branches are all processed by a single central control module, signal transmission and response speeds are fast, enabling rapid data processing and improving the operating efficiency of the high-voltage interlock detection system.

[0010] In conjunction with the first aspect, in some possible implementations, the detection branch includes:

[0011] A sampling module, wherein a first end of the sampling module is connected to a first end of the low-voltage detection connector, and a second end of the sampling module is connected to a second end of the low-voltage detection connector, and the sampling module is used to generate a sampling signal;

[0012] A first switch module has a first terminal connected to the first terminal of the sampling module and a second terminal connected to the control module; the controlled terminal of the first switch module is connected to the second terminal of the sampling module. The first switch module receives the sampling signal and turns on or off according to the sampling signal to output the detection signal.

[0013] In combination with the first aspect and the above implementation methods, in some possible implementation methods, the sampling module includes a sampling resistor, one end of which is connected to the first end of the low-voltage detection connector and connected to a power supply voltage, and the other end of which is connected to the second end of the low-voltage detection connector.

[0014] In conjunction with the first aspect and the above-described implementation methods, in some possible implementations, the high-voltage interlock detection system further includes:

[0015] The second switch module has a first terminal connected to the power supply voltage, a second terminal connected to one end of the sampling resistor, and a controlled terminal connected to the control module.

[0016] In conjunction with the first aspect and the above-described implementation methods, in some possible implementations, the high-voltage interlock detection system further includes:

[0017] An isolation module, wherein a first end of the isolation module is connected to the control module, and a second end of the isolation module is connected to the controlled end of the second switch module.

[0018] In combination with the first aspect and the above-mentioned implementation methods, in some possible implementation methods, the high-voltage interlock detection system further includes a constant current source;

[0019] The sampling module includes a sampling resistor, one end of which is connected to the first end of the low-voltage detection connector and one end of the constant current source, and the other end of which is connected to the second end of the low-voltage detection connector and the other end of the constant current source.

[0020] In conjunction with the first aspect and the above-described implementation methods, in some possible implementations, the high-voltage interlock detection system further includes:

[0021] The third switch module has a first terminal connected to the control module, a second terminal connected to one end of the constant current source, a third terminal connected to one end of the sampling resistor, and a fourth terminal grounded.

[0022] In combination with the first aspect and the above implementation methods, in some possible implementation methods, the detection branch further includes:

[0023] A pull-down resistor is provided, with one end connected to the second terminal of the first switch module and the other end grounded.

[0024] In combination with the first aspect and the above implementation methods, in some possible implementation methods, the detection branch further includes:

[0025] The filter includes a filter resistor and a filter capacitor. One end of the filter resistor is connected to the first plate of the filter capacitor and the second end of the first switching module, and the other end of the filter resistor is connected to the control module. The second plate of the filter capacitor is grounded.

[0026] Secondly, this application also provides a vehicle, including:

[0027] The high-voltage interlock detection system described in any of the first aspects above.

[0028] Additional aspects and advantages of this application will be set forth in part in the description which follows, and in part will be obvious from the description, or may be learned by practice of this application. Attached Figure Description

[0029] Various other advantages and benefits will become apparent to those skilled in the art upon reading the detailed description of the embodiments described below. The accompanying drawings are for illustrative purposes only and are not intended to limit the scope of this application. Furthermore, the same reference numerals denote the same parts throughout the drawings. In the drawings:

[0030] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the framework of a high-voltage interlock detection system provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0031] Figure 2 yes Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the first type of circuit for a high-voltage interlock detection system;

[0032] Figure 3 yes Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the second type of circuit for a high-voltage interlock detection system;

[0033] Figure 4 yes Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the third type of circuit for a high-voltage interlock detection system;

[0034] Figure 5 yes Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the fourth type of circuit for a high-voltage interlock detection system;

[0035] Figure 6 yes Figure 1 The fifth circuit diagram of the high-voltage interlock detection system;

[0036] Figure 7 yes Figure 1 The sixth circuit diagram of the high-voltage interlock detection system.

[0037] The annotations in the attached figures are explained as follows:

[0038] 1—High-voltage interlock detection system;

[0039] 100—Detection branch; 110—Sampling module; R1—Sampling resistor; 120—First switch module; R2—Pull-down resistor; C—Filter capacitor; R3—Filter resistor;

[0040] 200—Control Module;

[0041] 300—Second switch module; R4—First current-limiting resistor;

[0042] 400—Isolation module; R5—Second current-limiting resistor;

[0043] 500—Third switch module; R6—Third current limiting resistor;

[0044] VCC—Power supply voltage; CCS—Constant current source;

[0045] 2—Low-voltage detection connector. Detailed Implementation

[0046] The embodiments of the technical solution of this application will now be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. These embodiments are only used to more clearly illustrate the technical solution of this application and are therefore merely examples, and should not be used to limit the scope of protection of this application.

[0047] Unless otherwise defined, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this application pertains; the terminology used herein is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to limit the application; the terms “comprising” and “having”, and any variations thereof, in the specification, claims, and foregoing description of the drawings are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion.

[0048] In this document, the term "embodiment" means that a particular feature, structure, or characteristic described in connection with an embodiment may be included in at least one embodiment of this application. The appearance of this phrase in various places throughout the specification does not necessarily refer to the same embodiment, nor is it a separate or alternative embodiment mutually exclusive with other embodiments. It will be explicitly and implicitly understood by those skilled in the art that the embodiments described herein can be combined with other embodiments.

[0049] In the description of the embodiments of this application, the technical terms "center," "longitudinal," "lateral," "length," "width," "thickness," "upper," "lower," "front," "rear," "left," "right," "vertical," "horizontal," "top," "bottom," "inner," "outer," "clockwise," "counterclockwise," "axial," "radial," and "circumferential" indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings. They are only for the convenience of describing the embodiments of this application and simplifying the description, and are not intended to indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limitations on the embodiments of this application.

[0050] In the description of the embodiments of this application, unless otherwise expressly specified and limited, technical terms such as "installation," "connection," "joining," and "fixing" should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral part; they can refer to a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; they can refer to the internal communication of two components or the interaction between two components. For those skilled in the art, the specific meaning of the above terms in the embodiments of this application can be understood according to the specific circumstances.

[0051] In the description of the embodiments of this application, technical terms such as "first" and "second" are used only to distinguish different objects and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly specifying the number, specific order, or primary and secondary relationship of the indicated technical features. In the description of the embodiments of this application, the term "multiple" refers to two or more (including two), similarly, "multiple sets" refers to two or more (including two sets), and "multiple pieces" refers to two or more (including two pieces).

[0052] In the description of the embodiments in this application, the term "and / or" is merely a description of the relationship between related objects, indicating that three relationships can exist. For example, A and / or B can represent: A existing alone, A and B existing simultaneously, and B existing alone. Additionally, the character " / " in this document generally indicates that the preceding and following related objects have an "or" relationship.

[0053] To monitor the connection status of high-voltage circuits during vehicle charging and discharging in real time, identify abnormal disconnections or damage to high-voltage circuits, and promptly disconnect high-voltage power to ensure safety, a high-voltage interlock system has been proposed in related technologies. The high-voltage interlock system comprises a high-voltage interlock circuit consisting of electrical equipment such as low-voltage detection connectors and low-voltage detection lines. Its detection principle is as follows: Before vehicle startup, the control system sends a low-voltage excitation signal through the low-voltage detection port. This excitation signal is transmitted through the low-voltage detection connector along the interlock contacts of all high-voltage connectors in the high-voltage interlock circuit. If all high-voltage connectors are correctly connected, the excitation signal is successfully transmitted and returns to the low-voltage detection port through the low-voltage detection connector. If the low-voltage detection port receives a feedback signal matching the sent excitation signal, it indicates that all high-voltage connectors are correctly connected and the high-voltage interlock circuit is normal. At this time, the control system activates the high-voltage power supply, and the high-voltage electrical system begins operation. Once a fault is detected in the high-voltage interlock circuit, the control system will take the same action, namely, cutting off the high-voltage output of all loads.

[0054] Low-voltage detection connectors in high-voltage interlock circuits are prone to failure due to wear and aging after prolonged operation. Currently, to accurately locate faulty low-voltage detection connectors, various high-voltage interlock detection systems have been proposed for their inspection. In these systems, the detection module transmits the detected signal to the control module, which then determines whether the low-voltage detection connector has failed based on this signal. In practical applications, multiple low-voltage detection connectors are typically used. Corresponding to these multiple connectors, the high-voltage interlock detection system includes multiple control units and multiple detection modules. Each detection module detects the detection signal generated by one low-voltage connector and transmits it via wiring harness to the corresponding control unit.

[0055] However, as the number of low-voltage detection connectors increases, new control units are also needed in addition to the detection modules, resulting in poor expandability of the high-voltage interlock detection system.

[0056] To address the aforementioned technical problems, this application provides a high-voltage interlock detection system and vehicle. The high-voltage interlock detection system and vehicle provided in this application will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0057] First, please refer to Figures 1 to 3 The first aspect of this application discloses a high-voltage interlock detection system 1, applied to a high-voltage interlock circuit having multiple low-voltage detection connectors 2. The high-voltage interlock detection system 1 includes multiple detection branches 100 and a control module 200. Each detection branch 100 is connected to a corresponding low-voltage detection connector 2; the detection branches 100 are used to sample the low-voltage detection connectors 2 and output detection signals based on the sampled signals; the control module 200 is connected to the multiple detection branches 100 to receive the detection signals; the control module 200 is used to determine the operating state of the low-voltage detection connectors 2 based on the detection signals.

[0058] The High Voltage Interlock Loop (HVIL) is used in the high-voltage system of electric vehicles. It monitors the integrity and continuity of the high-voltage circuit using low-voltage signals to ensure timely disconnection of high-voltage power in case of abnormal disconnection or damage, thus protecting the safety of personnel and equipment. The low-voltage detection connector 2 is a crucial component of the HVIL, monitoring the connection status of the high-voltage system to ensure the high-voltage safety of the electric vehicle, preventing accidental disconnection and misoperation, thereby protecting the safety of personnel and equipment.

[0059] The detection branch 100 receives a detection signal and samples the low-voltage detection connector 2. It can output a detection signal based on the sampled signal. The detection signal is transmitted to the control module 200. The control module 200 determines the operating state of the low-voltage detection connector 2 based on this detection signal. The control module 200 can be a vehicle control unit (VCU) or a microcontroller unit (MCU) of a battery management system (BMS). The vehicle control unit is a crucial component of an electric vehicle. Its function is to use a compiled program embedded in the central processing unit of the vehicle control unit. The vehicle control unit, with its control strategy program, controls and manages the engine system, motor system, transmission system, on-board power system, and instrument display devices based on driver instructions and dynamic vehicle operating data, enabling coordinated control between these assemblies and achieving intelligent vehicle operation. The battery management system is used for intelligent management and maintenance of each battery cell, preventing overcharging and over-discharging, extending battery life, and monitoring battery status. A microcontroller unit is a microcomputer chip that integrates a processor, memory, and input / output interfaces. It features low power consumption, small size, rich interfaces, and programmability.

[0060] In the solution provided in this application embodiment, the high-voltage interlock detection system 1 adopts a form in which a main control module 200 is connected to multiple detection branches 100. This enables centralized processing of the detection signals detected by multiple detection branches 100. When the high-voltage interlock detection system 1 needs to be expanded, only new detection branches 100 need to be added, without the need for new control units, effectively improving the scalability of the high-voltage interlock detection system 1. Since no new control units need to be added, the hardware cost of expanding the high-voltage interlock detection system 1 is also reduced. Furthermore, since the solution in this application uses a main control module 200 to centrally process the detection signals from multiple detection branches 100, the overall consistency of data organization can be guaranteed, and it has the advantages of high consistency of processing results and easy maintenance. In addition, since the detection signals generated by multiple detection branches 100 are all processed by a main control module 200, the signal transmission and response speed is fast, enabling rapid data processing and improving the operating efficiency of the high-voltage interlock detection system 1.

[0061] See Figures 2 to 7In some embodiments, the detection branch 100 may include a sampling module 110 and a first switch module 120. A first end of the sampling module 110 is connected to a first end of the low-voltage detection connector 2, and a second end of the sampling module 110 is connected to a second end of the low-voltage detection connector 2. The sampling module 110 is used to generate a sampling signal. A first end of the first switch module 120 is connected to the first end of the sampling module 110, and a second end of the first switch module 120 is connected to the control module 200. The controlled end of the first switch module 120 is connected to the second end of the sampling module 110. The first switch module 120 receives the sampling signal and turns on or off according to the sampling signal to output a detection signal.

[0062] The first switching module 120 can employ other devices or circuits capable of switching functions, such as a bipolar junction transistor (BJT), a metal-oxide-semiconductor (MOS) field-effect transistor, or an insulated-gate bipolar transistor (IGBT). A transistor, also known as a bipolar junction transistor or crystal transistor, is a semiconductor device that controls current. When the first switching module 120 uses a transistor, it can amplify weak signals in the circuit into larger amplitude electrical signals, enabling the first switching module 120 to provide higher power gain. Furthermore, transistors offer advantages such as low on-resistance, low power consumption, and small size. The transistor can be a switching transistor, which has the function of breaking and connecting. Compared with ordinary transistors, switching transistors have advantages such as longer service life, higher safety and reliability, no mechanical wear, fast switching speed, and small size. When the first switching module 120 uses a switching transistor, the response speed is faster, so that the control module 200 can receive the detection signal it outputs in a timely manner.

[0063] A MOSFET is a type of field-effect transistor that uses the electric field effect of the input circuit to control the output circuit current. Optionally, the first switching module 120 can use an N-type metal-oxide-semiconductor (NMOS) MOSFET or a P-type metal-oxide-semiconductor (PMOS) MOSFET. When the first switching module 120 uses a MOSFET, it has advantages such as high input resistance, low noise, and low power consumption. For example, see [link to example]. Figure 2The first switching module 120 uses a PMOS transistor. The source of the PMOS transistor is connected to the first terminal of the sampling module 110, the gate of the PMOS transistor is connected to the second terminal of the sampling module 110, and the drain of the PMOS transistor is connected to the control module 200.

[0064] Optionally, the first switching module 120 can employ an IGBT. An IGBT (Insulated Gate Bipolar Transistor) is a composite, fully controllable, voltage-driven power semiconductor device composed of a BJT (Bipolar Junction Transistor) and a MOSFET (Metal-Oxide-Semiconductor Field-Effect Transistor). When the first switching module 120 uses an IGBT, efficient switching operation can be achieved through gate voltage control. Because the IGBT combines the advantages of both transistors and MOSFETs, it not only has low on-resistance but also low power consumption under voltage control. Therefore, when the first switching module 120 uses an IGBT, it not only has lower power consumption and higher switching flexibility but also is convenient to operate.

[0065] The sampling module 110 generates two different sampling signals based on the normal and abnormal operating states of the low-voltage detection connector 2. One sampling signal can disconnect the first switch module 120, and the other sampling signal can turn the first switch module 120 on. When the first switch module 120 is disconnected, the detection signal output by the first switch module 120 is sent to the control module 200, which can determine that the low-voltage detection connector 2 is connected normally based on this detection signal. When the first switch module 120 is on, the detection signal output by the first switch module 120 is sent to the control module 200, which can determine that the low-voltage detection connector 2 is connected abnormally based on this detection signal. The detection signal can be a constant voltage signal or other types of voltage signals, such as triangular wave voltage signals, sawtooth wave voltage signals, etc., allowing designers to design flexibly according to actual needs.

[0066] The solution provided in this application embodiment involves a sampling module 110 generating different sampling signals based on different operating states of the low-voltage detection connector 2. This causes the first switch module 120 to open or close. When the first switch module 120 is open, the detection signal output by the first switch module 120 is sent to the vehicle's control module 200. Based on this detection signal, the control module 200 can determine that the low-voltage detection connector 2 is abnormally connected. Therefore, when a fault alarm occurs in the high-voltage interlock system, if the control module 200 receives a detection signal reflecting an abnormality in the low-voltage detection connector 2, the operator can accurately determine the fault in the low-voltage detection connector 2, quickly repair or replace the low-voltage detection connector 2, and efficiently eliminate the fault in the high-voltage interlock system.

[0067] See Figures 2 to 4In some embodiments, the sampling module 110 may include a sampling resistor R1, one end of which is connected to the first end of the low-voltage detection connector 2 and connected to the power supply voltage VCC, and the other end of which is connected to the second end of the low-voltage detection connector 2.

[0068] In this embodiment, sampling is performed using a sampling resistor R1. On the one hand, the circuit structure is relatively simple, easy to integrate, and convenient for circuit design and implementation, making it suitable for mass production. On the other hand, the sampling resistor R1 has low cost and power consumption, which helps to reduce the manufacturing and usage costs of the detection circuit.

[0069] In this design, one end of the sampling resistor R1 is connected to the power supply voltage VCC, enabling it to operate normally. Alternatively, an additional power module can be added to the vehicle to provide the VCC power supply to the sampling resistor R1, or a power module from another module in the vehicle can be reused. The specific configuration can be determined based on actual needs. For example, to improve the reliability of power supply to the sampling resistor R1, an additional power module can be added to provide the VCC power supply. Conversely, to save on manufacturing costs, a power module from another module in the vehicle can be reused; that is, the sampling resistor R1 can be connected to the existing power module in the vehicle to access the VCC power supply. This application does not impose specific limitations on this approach.

[0070] When the low-voltage detection connector 2 is malfunctioning, the sampling resistor R1 divides the power supply voltage VCC, resulting in a non-zero voltage across R1. This means the voltage between the first and second terminals of the first switch module 120 is also non-zero. By selecting a suitable power supply voltage VCC and a suitable sampling resistor R1, the voltage across R1 can be adjusted to drive the first switch module 120 into a conducting state. The detection signal output by the conducting first switch module 120 is a high-level signal. Therefore, when the control module 200 receives a high-level detection signal, it can be determined that the low-voltage detection connector 2 is malfunctioning.

[0071] In this embodiment, the connection state of the low-voltage detection connector 2 corresponds to the voltage value across the sampling resistor R1. That is, when the low-voltage detection connector 2 is connected normally, the voltage across the sampling resistor R1, which is short-circuited by the low-voltage detection connector 2, is 0, and the first switch module 120 cannot be turned on. The first switch module 120 is in the off state and outputs a low-level detection signal. When the low-voltage detection connector 2 is connected abnormally, the low-voltage detection connector 2 no longer short-circuits the sampling resistor R1. The sampling resistor R1 divides the power supply voltage VCC, and the voltage across the sampling resistor R1 enables the first switch module 120 to be turned on and output a high-level detection signal. Therefore, the control module 200 can determine that the low-voltage detection connector 2 is connected normally based on the low-level detection signal, and can determine that the low-voltage detection connector 2 is connected abnormally based on the high-level detection signal.

[0072] See Figure 3 and Figure 4 In some embodiments, the high-voltage interlock detection system 1 may further include a second switch module 300, the first terminal of the second switch module 300 is connected to the power supply voltage VCC, the second terminal of the second switch module 300 is connected to one end of the sampling resistor R1, and the controlled terminal of the second switch module 300 is connected to the control module 200.

[0073] Optionally, the second switching module 300 may employ other devices or circuits capable of switching functions, such as BJTs, N-type metal-oxide-semiconductor field-effect transistors, P-type metal-oxide-semiconductor field-effect transistors, and insulated-gate bipolar transistors. This application embodiment does not specifically limit this. For example, such as... Figure 3 As shown, the second switching module 300 can use a PNP transistor. The emitter of the PNP transistor is connected to the power supply voltage VCC, the collector of the PNP transistor is connected to one end of the sampling resistor R1, and the base of the PNP transistor is connected to the control module 200.

[0074] In use, the control module 200 can send control signals to the second switch module 300 as needed or at certain time intervals to control the second switch module 300 to conduct. For example, control signals can be sent to the second switch module 300 at intervals of 50ms, 100ms, 200ms, 250ms, etc. At this time, the power supply voltage VCC connected to the first terminal of the second switch module 300 can be output to the sampling module 110 through the second switch module 300, enabling the sampling module 110 to operate. When the second switch module 300 is turned off, the sampling module 110 is de-energized and stops working, and the sampling resistor R1 of the sampling module 110 no longer consumes energy. Therefore, controlling the sampling module 110 through the second switch module 300 within a predetermined time period can effectively reduce power consumption and save energy.

[0075] In addition, such as Figure 3and Figure 4 As shown, the high-voltage interlock detection system 1 may also include a first current-limiting resistor R4, one end of which is connected to the first end of the second switch module 300, and the other end of which is connected to the power supply voltage VCC.

[0076] Considering that under the same voltage, the larger the resistance value of the first current-limiting resistor R4, the smaller the current passing through and the greater the power loss, the first current-limiting resistor R4 is usually chosen with a smaller resistance value, generally between 0.1kΩ and 1kΩ, in order to reduce power loss. Designers can flexibly choose a suitable resistance value for the first current-limiting resistor R4 based on experience or experiments, and this application embodiment does not make specific limitations in this regard.

[0077] In this embodiment of the application, by connecting the first current-limiting resistor R4 in series in the branch where the second switch module 300 is located, the current flowing through the branch can be effectively reduced, and the current in the branch can be limited to prevent the second switch module 300 from being burned out due to excessive current, thereby protecting the second switch module 300 from damage.

[0078] Please continue reading Figure 3 and Figure 4 Based on the second switch module 300, the high-voltage interlock detection system 1 may also include an isolation module 400. The first end of the isolation module 400 is connected to the control module 200, and the second end of the isolation module 400 is connected to the controlled end of the second switch module 300.

[0079] In this embodiment, by setting the isolation module 400, effective electrical isolation can be achieved between the control module 200 and the second switch module 300, meaning that the output signal has no effect on the input. This reduces interference when the control module 200 sends control signals to the second switch module 300, improves the reliability of control signal transmission, and thus improves the reliability of the control module 200's control over the sampling module 110.

[0080] The isolation module 400 can be an optocoupler isolator. For example... Figure 3As shown, the first terminal of the optocoupler is connected to the control module 200, the second terminal is connected to the controlled terminal of the second switching module 300, and the third and fourth terminals are grounded. An optocoupler is a device that transmits electrical signals using light as a medium. Typically, the emitter and receiver are packaged in the same housing. When an electrical signal is applied to the input terminal, the emitter emits light, and the receiver receives the light, generating a photocurrent that flows out from the output terminal, thus achieving "electric-optical-electrical" control. The emitter in the optocoupler can be a light-emitting diode (LED), and the receiver can be a phototransistor, photoresistor, etc. When the LED is turned on, it illuminates, causing the phototransistor to conduct, thereby enabling the output circuit to conduct and output a control signal. Optocouplers have advantages such as electrical isolation, high insulation strength, strong anti-interference ability, low power consumption, and fast response speed. When the isolation module 400 uses an optocoupler, the branch has a fast response speed and strong anti-interference ability, effectively achieving electrical isolation and improving the transmission reliability of control signals from the control module 200 to the second switch module 300, thereby improving the control reliability of the control module 200. The isolation module 400 can also use other devices or circuits that can achieve the above-mentioned isolation function; this application does not impose specific restrictions on this.

[0081] In addition, such as Figure 3 and Figure 4 As shown, the high-voltage interlock detection system 1 may also include a second current-limiting resistor R5, one end of which is connected to the first end of the isolation module 400, and the other end of which is connected to the control module 200.

[0082] Similar to the first current-limiting resistor R4 mentioned above, in order to reduce power loss, the second current-limiting resistor R5 is also usually chosen with a small resistance value, that is, between 0.1kΩ and 1kΩ. Designers can flexibly choose a suitable resistance value for the second current-limiting resistor R5 based on experience or experiments, and this application embodiment does not specifically limit this.

[0083] In this embodiment of the application, by connecting the second current-limiting resistor R5 in series in the branch where the isolation module 400 is located, the current flowing through the branch can be effectively reduced, and the current in the branch can be limited to prevent the isolation module 400 from being burned out due to excessive current, thereby protecting the isolation module 400 from damage.

[0084] See Figures 5 to 7 In some embodiments, the high-voltage interlock detection system 1 may further include a constant current source CCS; the sampling module 110 includes a sampling resistor R1, one end of which is connected to the first end of the low-voltage detection connector 2 and one end of the constant current source CCS, and the other end of which is connected to the second end of the low-voltage detection connector 2 and the other end of the constant current source CCS.

[0085] The constant current source (CCS) is used to output a constant current, which does not change with the load. The CCS provides high-precision current output, is suitable for long-term stable operation, and is not easily affected by external factors.

[0086] It is understandable that when the current from the constant current source CCS flows through a resistor, a voltage can be generated across the resistor. Therefore, when the low-voltage detection connector 2 is connected normally, the sampling resistor R1 is short-circuited by the low-voltage detection connector 2. Consequently, the constant current output by the constant current source CCS does not flow through the sampling resistor R1, and the voltage across the sampling resistor R1 is 0. That is, the voltage between the first and second terminals of the first switching module 120 is 0, and the first switching module 120 is in the open state. The detection signal output by the first switching module 120 in the open state is a low-level signal. Therefore, when the control module 200 receives a low-level signal, it can be determined that the low-voltage detection connector 2 is connected normally.

[0087] When the low-voltage detection connector 2 is abnormally connected, the sampling resistor R1 is no longer short-circuited by the low-voltage detection connector 2. The constant current output by the constant current source CCS passes through the sampling resistor R1, and the voltage across the sampling resistor R1 is not zero. That is, the voltage between the first terminal and the second terminal of the first switching module 120 is not zero. By selecting a constant current source CCS with an appropriate current value and a sampling resistor R1 with an appropriate resistance value, the voltage generated across the sampling resistor R1 can drive the first switching module 120 to the on state. The detection signal output by the first switching module 120 in the on state is a high-level signal. Therefore, when the control module 200 receives a high-level signal, it can determine that the low-voltage detection connector 2 is abnormally connected.

[0088] In this embodiment, the connection state of the low-voltage detection connector 2 corresponds to the voltage value across the sampling resistor R1. When the low-voltage detection connector 2 is connected normally, the sampling resistor R1 is short-circuited by the low-voltage detection connector 2, the constant current output by the constant current source CCS does not pass through the sampling resistor R1, and the voltage across the sampling resistor R1 is 0. In this case, the first switch module 120 cannot be turned on, the first switch module 120 is in the off state and outputs a low-level detection signal. When the low-voltage detection connector 2 is connected abnormally, the low-voltage detection connector 2 is no longer short-circuited to the sampling resistor R1, the constant current output by the constant current source CCS passes through the sampling resistor R1, and the voltage across the sampling resistor R1 is not 0. In this case, the first switch module 120 can be turned on, the first switch module 120 is in the on state and outputs a high-level detection signal. Therefore, the control module 200 can determine that the low-voltage detection connector 2 is connected normally based on the low-level detection signal, and can determine that the low-voltage detection connector 2 is connected abnormally based on the high-level detection signal.

[0089] In this embodiment, a sampling signal is generated on the sampling resistor R1 by a constant current source CCS. Since the constant current source CCS can provide a stable and accurate current output, a stable sampling signal can be generated across the sampling resistor R1 when the low-voltage detection connector 2 is abnormally connected, so that the first switch module 120 is in a stable conducting state, thereby improving the working reliability of the high-voltage interlock detection system 1.

[0090] See Figure 6 and Figure 7 For the high voltage interlock detection system 1 with a constant current source CCS, the high voltage interlock detection system 1 may also include a third switch module 500. The first end of the third switch module 500 is connected to the control module 200, the second end of the third switch module 500 is connected to one end of the constant current source CCS, the third end of the third switch module 500 is connected to one end of the sampling resistor R1, and the fourth end of the third switch module 500 is grounded.

[0091] In use, the control module 200 can send control signals to the third switch module 500 as needed or at a certain time period to control the third switch module 500 to turn on, thereby controlling the sampling module 110 to power on and operate. When the third switch module 500 is turned off, the sampling module 110 is powered off and stops working, and the sampling resistor R1 of the sampling module 110 no longer consumes energy. Therefore, controlling the sampling module 110 to power off and stop working through the third switch module 500 within a predetermined time period can effectively save energy.

[0092] The third switch module 500 can also use an optocoupler isolator. For example... Figure 6 As shown, the first terminal of the optocoupler is connected to the control module 200, the second terminal is connected to the constant current source CCS, the third terminal is connected to one end of the sampling resistor R1, and the fourth terminal is grounded. The optocoupler not only controls the power supply to the sampling module 110, but also provides electrical isolation, reducing interference when the control module 200 sends control signals to the second switching module 300, thus improving the reliability of control signal transmission.

[0093] In addition, such as Figure 6 and Figure 7 As shown, the high-voltage interlock detection system 1 may also include a third current-limiting resistor R6, one end of which is connected to the first end of the third switch module 500, and the other end of which is connected to the control module 200.

[0094] Similar to the first current-limiting resistor R4 and the second current-limiting resistor R5 mentioned above, in order to reduce power loss, the third current-limiting resistor R6 is also usually chosen with a small resistance value, that is, between 0.1kΩ and 1kΩ. Designers can flexibly choose a suitable resistance value for the third current-limiting resistor R6 based on experience or experiments, and this application embodiment does not specifically limit this.

[0095] In this embodiment of the application, by setting a third current-limiting resistor R6, the current flowing through the branch can be effectively reduced, and the current in the branch can be limited to prevent the third switch module 500 from being burned out due to excessive current, thereby protecting the third switch module 500 from damage.

[0096] See Figure 4 and Figure 7 In some embodiments, the detection branch 100 may further include a pull-down resistor R2, one end of which is connected to the second end of the first switch module 120, and the other end of which is grounded.

[0097] The resistance value of the pull-down resistor R2 can be selected between 0.5KΩ and 10KΩ. This range of resistance ensures that the pull-down resistor R2 will not generate excessive current due to being too small, while also effectively stabilizing interference signals to ground. Due to the influence of the working environment, designers can determine the resistance value of the pull-down resistor R2 through actual testing on the circuit board; this embodiment does not impose a specific limitation on this.

[0098] For example, Figure 4 and Figure 7 The detection circuit 1 shown includes only one pull-down resistor R2. In practical applications, the detection circuit 1 can also include two or more pull-down resistors R2 connected in series. The specific number of pull-down resistors R2 can be set according to actual needs. Multiple pull-down resistors R2 achieve the same function as a single pull-down resistor R2, as long as the total resistance of multiple pull-down resistors R2 connected in series is equivalent to the resistance of a single pull-down resistor R2.

[0099] In this embodiment, by setting a pull-down resistor R2, the grounding signal of the first switch module 120 can be output to ground. When the first switch module 120 is off, the pull-down resistor R2 can provide a fixed level, i.e., 0 level, for the grounding terminal of the first switch module 120. Furthermore, since current always tends to flow to the line with lower resistance, and the resistance value of the pull-down resistor R2 is small, setting the pull-down resistor R2 can also allow the electrostatic discharge current to be output to ground along the line where the pull-down resistor R2 is located, preventing the grounding terminal of the first switch module 120 from being damaged by electrostatic interference and improving the anti-static capability of the first switch module 120.

[0100] Please continue reading Figure 4 and Figure 7In some embodiments, the detection branch 100 may further include a filter resistor R3 and a filter capacitor C. One end of the filter resistor R3 is connected to the first plate of the filter capacitor C and the second end of the first switch module 120, and the other end of the filter resistor R3 is connected to the control module 200. The second plate of the filter capacitor C is grounded.

[0101] The resistance value of the filter resistor R3 and the capacitance value of the filter capacitor C can be determined based on factors such as filtering effect and stability. In practical applications, designers can determine the resistance value of the filter resistor R3 and the capacitance value of the filter capacitor C by actual testing on the circuit board. This application embodiment does not make specific limitations on this.

[0102] In this embodiment, the filter resistor R3 and the filter capacitor C can constitute an electronic filter. By utilizing the different responses of the filter resistor R3 and the filter capacitor C to signals of different frequencies, the electronic filter can filter the detection signal input to the control module 200. For example, it can filter out high-frequency noise in the detection signal, improve the purity of the detection signal, and reduce the interference of noise signals on the detection signal. At the same time, the filter resistor R3 and the filter capacitor C can also smooth the detection signal to reduce the fluctuation of the detection signal, making the detection signal received by the control module 200 more stable, so as to ensure the detection reliability of the control module 200.

[0103] Secondly, a second aspect of this application also proposes a vehicle including the high-voltage interlock detection system 1 described in any of the above embodiments.

[0104] The vehicle in this application embodiment can be an electric vehicle, that is, a vehicle that uses electrical energy as a power source and drives the wheels through an electric motor. Electric vehicles include, but are not limited to, battery electric vehicles (BEVs), plug-in hybrid electric vehicles (PHEVs), hybrid electric vehicles (HEVs), and extended-range electric vehicles (EREVs). Among them, battery electric vehicles rely entirely on the electrical energy stored in the battery to drive the electric motor to achieve the vehicle's power output. Plug-in hybrid electric vehicles combine an electric motor and an internal combustion engine. The electric motor can drive the vehicle independently or work in conjunction with the internal combustion engine, and can charge the battery through an external power source. Hybrid electric vehicles are equipped with both an electric motor and an internal combustion engine. The electric motor assists the internal combustion engine but cannot drive the vehicle independently. Extended-range electric vehicles are mainly driven by an electric motor, while the internal combustion engine acts as a generator to charge the battery and does not directly drive the wheels.

[0105] The vehicle provided in this application embodiment, having the high-voltage interlock detection system 1 described above, possesses all the beneficial effects of the high-voltage interlock detection system 1. The high-voltage interlock detection system 1 has been described in detail above and will not be repeated here.

[0106] The above embodiments are merely illustrative of the technical solutions of this application and are not intended to limit it. Although this application has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that modifications can still be made to the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments, or equivalent substitutions can be made to some or all of the technical features therein. These modifications or substitutions do not cause the essence of the corresponding technical solutions to deviate from the scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of this application, and they should all be covered within the scope of the claims and specification of this application. In particular, as long as there is no structural conflict, the various technical features mentioned in the various embodiments can be combined in any way. This application is not limited to the specific embodiments disclosed herein, but includes all technical solutions falling within the scope of the claims.

Claims

1. A high-voltage interlock detection system, applied to a high-voltage interlock circuit with multiple low-voltage detection connectors, characterized in that, include: Multiple detection branches are connected one-to-one with the multiple low-voltage detection connectors described above; The detection branch is used to sample the low-voltage detection connector and output a detection signal based on the sampled signal obtained from the sampling. A control module is connected to multiple detection branches to receive the detection signals; The control module is used to determine the working status of the low-voltage detection connector based on the detection signal.

2. The high-voltage interlock detection system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The detection branch includes: A sampling module, wherein a first end of the sampling module is connected to a first end of the low-voltage detection connector, and a second end of the sampling module is connected to a second end of the low-voltage detection connector, and the sampling module is used to generate a sampling signal; A first switch module has a first terminal connected to the first terminal of the sampling module and a second terminal connected to the control module; the controlled terminal of the first switch module is connected to the second terminal of the sampling module. The first switch module receives the sampling signal and turns on or off according to the sampling signal to output the detection signal.

3. The high-voltage interlock detection system according to claim 2, characterized in that, The sampling module includes: A sampling resistor, one end of which is connected to the first end of the low-voltage detection connector and connected to a power supply voltage, and the other end of which is connected to the second end of the low-voltage detection connector.

4. The high-voltage interlock detection system according to claim 3, characterized in that, The high-voltage interlock detection system also includes: The second switch module has a first terminal connected to the power supply voltage, a second terminal connected to one end of the sampling resistor, and a controlled terminal connected to the control module.

5. The high-voltage interlock detection system according to claim 4, characterized in that, The high-voltage interlock detection system also includes: An isolation module, wherein a first end of the isolation module is connected to the control module, and a second end of the isolation module is connected to the controlled end of the second switch module.

6. The high-voltage interlock detection system according to claim 2, characterized in that, The high-voltage interlock detection system also includes a constant current source; The sampling module includes a sampling resistor, one end of which is connected to the first end of the low-voltage detection connector and one end of the constant current source, and the other end of which is connected to the second end of the low-voltage detection connector and the other end of the constant current source.

7. The high-voltage interlock detection system according to claim 6, characterized in that, The high-voltage interlock detection system also includes: The third switch module has a first terminal connected to the control module, a second terminal connected to one end of the constant current source, a third terminal connected to one end of the sampling resistor, and a fourth terminal grounded.

8. The high-voltage interlock detection system according to claim 2, characterized in that, The detection branch also includes: A pull-down resistor is provided, with one end connected to the second terminal of the first switch module and the other end grounded.

9. The high-voltage interlock detection system according to claim 2, characterized in that, The detection branch also includes: The filter includes a filter resistor and a filter capacitor. One end of the filter resistor is connected to the first plate of the filter capacitor and the second end of the first switching module, and the other end of the filter resistor is connected to the control module. The second plate of the filter capacitor is grounded.

10. A vehicle, characterized in that, include: The high-voltage interlock detection system as described in any one of claims 1 to 9.

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