System for recycling exhaust waste heat of intermittent internal combustion engine

Abstract

The utility model relates to the technical field of internal combustion engine high-temperature waste heat recovery, in particular to an intermittent internal combustion engine exhaust waste heat recovery system which comprises a recovery unit, and the recovery unit comprises an internal combustion engine, a heat exchanger, a coal-fired generator set, a feed water heater, a condenser, a feed water pump and a feed water adjusting valve. And the regulation and control unit comprises a control piece, an internal combustion engine exhaust measuring point, a high-pressure cylinder exhaust measuring point and a boiler water supply measuring point. The device has the advantages that high-temperature waste heat of the internal combustion engine heats the heat exchanger, boiler steam enters the high-pressure cylinder to do work, then part of the boiler steam is discharged into the feed water heater, part of the boiler steam enters the low-pressure cylinder to do work, and the low-pressure cylinder enters the condenser after doing work and then is fed into the feed water heater through the feed water pump. Hot water in the heat exchanger and hot water in the feed water heater are mixed through the feed water adjusting valve adjusted by the controller and then fed into the boiler, and recycling of high-temperature waste heat of the internal combustion engine is achieved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of high-temperature waste heat recovery technology of internal combustion engines, and in particular to a system for recovering exhaust waste heat from intermittent internal combustion engines. Background Technology

[0002] At present, the proportion of renewable energy in my country is increasing year by year. Due to the large fluctuation of renewable energy, the access of a large proportion of renewable energy has a great impact on the grid load. Therefore, the power system needs to include a certain number of flexible peak-shaving power sources. Among them, large internal combustion generator sets have high operational flexibility, strong frequency regulation and peak-shaving capabilities, and their power generation efficiency is as high as 45%. However, a large amount of energy is still emitted as waste heat from flue gas.

[0003] Therefore, it is considered to couple large internal combustion generator sets with coal-fired generator sets and use the thermal system of the coal-fired unit to recover the waste heat of the internal combustion engine exhaust, which can further improve the energy utilization efficiency of the system. However, since the internal combustion engine operates intermittently or rapidly under varying loads during frequency regulation and peak shaving, the output of high-temperature exhaust waste heat fluctuates greatly. If no measures are taken to regulate and control it, it may cause an impact on the thermal system in a short period of time, affecting the safe and stable operation of the unit. Utility Model Content

[0004] In view of the above-mentioned existing technical problems of difficulty in recovering high-temperature waste heat from internal combustion engines, this utility model is proposed.

[0005] The purpose of this invention is to provide a system for recovering waste heat from the exhaust of an intermittent internal combustion engine, which aims to solve the coupling problem between a coal-fired generator set and an internal combustion engine, and to realize the recovery and utilization of high-temperature waste heat from the internal combustion engine.

[0006] To solve the above-mentioned technical problems, this utility model provides the following technical solution: a system for recovering waste heat from intermittent internal combustion engine exhaust, comprising a recovery unit, wherein the recovery unit includes an internal combustion engine, a heat exchanger, a coal-fired generator set, a feedwater heater, a condenser, a feedwater pump, and a feedwater regulating valve. The heat exchanger is disposed on one side of the internal combustion engine, the feedwater heater is disposed on one side of the coal-fired generator set, the condenser is disposed on one side of the coal-fired generator set, the feedwater pump is disposed between the feedwater heater and the condenser, and a feedwater regulating valve is disposed between the heat exchanger and the feedwater heater.

[0007] The control unit includes a control component, an internal combustion engine exhaust measurement point, a high-pressure cylinder exhaust measurement point, and a boiler feedwater measurement point. The internal combustion engine exhaust measurement point is located on the side of the internal combustion engine, the high-pressure cylinder exhaust measurement point is located on the side of the coal-fired generator set, and the boiler feedwater measurement point is located on the side of the feedwater heater. The internal combustion engine exhaust measurement point, the high-pressure cylinder exhaust measurement point, and the boiler feedwater measurement point are electrically connected to the control component, and the feedwater regulating valve is electrically connected to the control component.

[0008] As a preferred embodiment of the waste heat recovery system for intermittent internal combustion engines of this utility model, the coal-fired generator set includes a boiler, a high-pressure cylinder, a low-pressure cylinder, and a generator. The high-pressure cylinder is located on one side of the boiler, the low-pressure cylinder is located on one side of the high-pressure cylinder, and the generator is located on one side of the low-pressure cylinder.

[0009] As a preferred embodiment of the waste heat recovery system for intermittent internal combustion engines of this utility model, the steam after the high-pressure cylinder performs work is discharged into the feedwater heater and the low-pressure cylinder.

[0010] As a preferred embodiment of the waste heat recovery system for intermittent internal combustion engines of this utility model, the steam after the low-pressure cylinder performs work is discharged into the condenser.

[0011] As a preferred embodiment of the waste heat recovery system for intermittent internal combustion engines of this utility model, the generator is connected to the shafts of the high-pressure cylinder and the low-pressure cylinder.

[0012] As a preferred embodiment of the waste heat recovery system for intermittent internal combustion engines of this utility model, the feedwater pump discharges condensate from the condenser into the heat exchanger and feedwater heater.

[0013] As a preferred embodiment of the waste heat recovery system for intermittent internal combustion engine exhaust, the heat exchanger and feedwater heater heat and mix the water before discharging it into the boiler.

[0014] As a preferred embodiment of the intermittent internal combustion engine exhaust waste heat recovery system of this utility model, the internal combustion engine exhaust measurement point includes a first internal combustion engine exhaust measurement point and a second internal combustion engine exhaust measurement point. The first internal combustion engine exhaust measurement point is located on the exhaust outlet side of the internal combustion engine, and the second internal combustion engine exhaust measurement point is located on the side of the heat exchanger.

[0015] As a preferred embodiment of the waste heat recovery system for intermittent internal combustion engines of this utility model, wherein the exhaust measuring point of the high-pressure cylinder is set on the side of the high-pressure cylinder.

[0016] As a preferred embodiment of the waste heat recovery system for intermittent internal combustion engines of this utility model, the opening degree of the water supply regulating valve is controlled by a control component.

[0017] The beneficial effects of this utility model's intermittent internal combustion engine exhaust waste heat recovery system are as follows: the high-temperature waste heat of the internal combustion engine heats the heat exchanger; after the boiler steam enters the high-pressure cylinder to do work, part of it is discharged into the feedwater heater, and part of it enters the low-pressure cylinder to do work; after the low-pressure cylinder does work, it enters the condenser, and is then sent to the feedwater heater by the feedwater pump; the hot water in the heat exchanger and feedwater heater is mixed by the feedwater regulating valve regulated by the controller before being sent to the boiler, thus realizing the recovery and utilization of the high-temperature waste heat of the internal combustion engine. Attached Figure Description

[0018] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of this utility model, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of this utility model. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort. Among them:

[0019] Figure 1 This is a first schematic diagram of the waste heat recovery device for intermittent internal combustion engine exhaust in this utility model.

[0020] Figure 2 This is a second schematic diagram of the waste heat recovery device for intermittent internal combustion engine exhaust in this utility model. Detailed Implementation

[0021] To make the above-mentioned objectives, features and advantages of this utility model more apparent and understandable, the specific embodiments of this utility model will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0022] Many specific details are set forth in the following description in order to provide a full understanding of the present invention. However, the present invention may also be implemented in other ways different from those described herein. Those skilled in the art can make similar extensions without departing from the spirit of the present invention. Therefore, the present invention is not limited to the specific embodiments disclosed below.

[0023] Secondly, the term "an embodiment" or "embodiment" as used herein refers to a specific feature, structure, or characteristic that may be included in at least one implementation of the present invention. The phrase "in one embodiment" appearing in different places in this specification does not necessarily refer to the same embodiment, nor is it a single embodiment or an embodiment selectively excluded from other embodiments.

[0024] Example 1

[0025] Reference Figure 1 This is the first embodiment of the present invention, which provides a system for recovering waste heat from the exhaust of an intermittent internal combustion engine, including a recovery unit 100 and a control unit 200.

[0026] Preferably, the recovery unit 100 includes an internal combustion engine 101, a heat exchanger 102, a coal-fired generator set 103, a feedwater heater 104, a condenser 105, a feedwater pump 106, and a feedwater regulating valve 107. The heat exchanger 102 is located on one side of the internal combustion engine 101. The high-temperature exhaust gas generated by the internal combustion engine 101 enters the heat exchanger 102 and exchanges heat with the boiler feedwater that enters through the feedwater regulating valve 107. The boiler feedwater is the condensate from the condenser 105. The heat from the high-temperature exhaust gas is fully absorbed by the boiler feedwater. After the waste heat is recovered and cooled, the exhaust gas is discharged from the side of the internal combustion engine. The feedwater heater 104 is located on the side of the coal-fired generator set 103. On one side of the generator set 103, the condenser 105 is installed on one side of the coal-fired generator set 103. The feedwater pump 106 is installed between the feedwater heater 104 and the condenser 105. The feedwater pump 106 sends the condensate from the condenser 105 into the feedwater heater 104 and the heat exchanger 102. The feedwater heater 104 heats the condensate from the condenser 105. A feedwater regulating valve 107 is installed between the heat exchanger 102 and the feedwater heater 104. The feedwater regulating valve 107 allows the water in the heat exchanger 102 and the feedwater heater 104 to exchange heat. The feedwater regulating valve 107 adjusts the valve opening according to the temperature and pressure.

[0027] Preferably, the control unit 200 includes a control component 201, an internal combustion engine exhaust measuring point 202, a high-pressure cylinder exhaust measuring point 203, and a boiler feedwater measuring point 204. The internal combustion engine exhaust measuring point 202 is located on the side of the internal combustion engine 101, the high-pressure cylinder exhaust measuring point 203 is located on the side of the coal-fired generator set 103, and the boiler feedwater measuring point 204 is located on the side of the feedwater heater 104. The internal combustion engine exhaust measuring point 202, the high-pressure cylinder exhaust measuring point 203, and the boiler feedwater measuring point 204 are electrically connected to the control component 201. The feedwater regulating valve 107 is electrically connected to the control component 201. The control component 201 simultaneously monitors the high-pressure cylinder exhaust temperature and pressure measured by the high-pressure cylinder exhaust measuring point 203, the boiler feedwater temperature and pressure measured by the boiler feedwater measuring point 204, and the exhaust temperature of the internal combustion engine exhaust measuring point 202.

[0028] During operation, the high-temperature exhaust gas generated by the internal combustion engine 101 enters the heat exchanger 102 and exchanges heat with the boiler feedwater that enters through the feedwater regulating valve 107. The boiler feedwater is the condensate from the condenser 105. After the coal-fired generator set 103 performs work, part of the steam enters the feedwater heater 104, and the other part continues to perform work before entering the condenser 105 and condensing into water. This water then enters the feedwater heater 104 and the heat exchanger 102 via the feedwater pump 106. The heat from the high-temperature exhaust gas is fully absorbed by the boiler feedwater, completing the waste heat recovery. After cooling, the exhaust gas is discharged from the internal combustion engine side, controlling the flow. Module 201 simultaneously monitors the high-pressure cylinder exhaust temperature and pressure measured at high-pressure cylinder exhaust measuring point 203, the boiler feedwater temperature and pressure measured at boiler feedwater measuring point 204, and the exhaust temperature at internal combustion engine exhaust measuring point 202. Controller 201 adjusts the opening of feedwater regulating valve 107 according to the temperature and pressure, thereby realizing the distribution ratio of boiler feedwater in feedwater heater 104 and heat exchanger 102, so as to achieve efficient recovery and utilization of exhaust waste heat from internal combustion engine 101, and at the same time eliminate the adverse effects of intermittent operation of internal combustion engine 101 on the thermal system.

[0029] Example 2

[0030] Reference Figures 1-2 This is the second embodiment of the present invention. Unlike the previous embodiment, the coal-fired power generation unit 103 includes a boiler 103a, a high-pressure cylinder 103b, a low-pressure cylinder 103c, and a generator 103d. The high-pressure cylinder 103b is located on one side of the boiler 103a, the low-pressure cylinder 103c is located on one side of the high-pressure cylinder 103b, and the generator 103d is located on one side of the low-pressure cylinder 103c. The boiler 103a generates main steam, which enters the high-pressure cylinder 103b.

[0031] Preferably, after the high-pressure cylinder 103b performs its work, the steam is discharged into the feedwater heater 104 and the low-pressure cylinder 103c. After the high-pressure cylinder 103b performs its work, part of the steam enters the feedwater heater 104, and the other part enters the low-pressure cylinder 103c to continue performing its work.

[0032] Preferably, the steam from the low-pressure cylinder 103c after it has done its work is discharged into the condenser 105.

[0033] Furthermore, the generator 103d is shaft-connected to the high-pressure cylinder 103b and the low-pressure cylinder 103c, and the shaft power generated by the high-pressure cylinder 103b and the low-pressure cylinder 103c is used to generate electricity output through the generator 103d.

[0034] Preferably, the feedwater pump 106 discharges the condensate from the condenser 105 into the heat exchanger 102 and the feedwater heater 104.

[0035] Furthermore, the heat exchanger 102 and the feedwater heater 104 heat and mix the water before discharging it into the boiler 103a. That is, the boiler feedwater heated by the feedwater heater 104 and the heat exchanger 102 is collected and then enters the boiler 103a.

[0036] In operation, boiler 103a generates main steam which enters high-pressure cylinder 103b. After high-pressure cylinder 103b performs work, part of the steam enters feedwater heater 104, and the other part enters low-pressure cylinder 103c to continue performing work. After low-pressure cylinder 103c performs work, the steam is discharged into condenser 105. The shaft power generated by high-pressure cylinder 103b and low-pressure cylinder 103c generates electricity through generator 103d. Feedwater pump 106 discharges condensate from condenser 105 into heat exchanger 102 and feedwater heater 104. The boiler feedwater heated by feedwater heater 104 and heat exchanger 102 is collected and then enters boiler 103a.

[0037] Example 3

[0038] Reference Figures 1-2 This is the third embodiment of the present invention. Unlike the previous embodiment, the internal combustion engine exhaust measuring point 202 includes a first exhaust measuring point 202a and a second exhaust measuring point 202b. The first exhaust measuring point 202a is located on the exhaust outlet side of the internal combustion engine 101, and the second exhaust measuring point 202b is located on the side of the heat exchanger 102.

[0039] Preferably, the high-pressure cylinder exhaust measuring point 203 is located on the side of the high-pressure cylinder 103b.

[0040] Preferably, the opening of the water supply regulating valve 107 is controlled by the control component 201. The control component 201 monitors the high-pressure cylinder exhaust temperature and pressure measured at the high-pressure cylinder exhaust measuring point 203, the boiler feedwater temperature and pressure measured at the boiler feedwater measuring point 204, the exhaust temperature of the internal combustion engine 101 measured at the first exhaust measuring point 202a, and the cooled exhaust temperature measured at the second exhaust measuring point 202b. The control component 201 determines the gate opening of the water supply regulating valve 107 based on the temperature and pressure.

[0041] In operation, the high-temperature exhaust gas generated by the internal combustion engine 101 enters the heat exchanger 102 and exchanges heat with the boiler feedwater that enters through the feedwater regulating valve 107. The boiler feedwater is the condensate from the condenser 105. After the coal-fired generator set 103 performs work, part of the steam enters the feedwater heater 104, and the other part continues to perform work before entering the condenser 105 and condensing into water. This water then enters the feedwater heater 104 and the heat exchanger 102 via the feedwater pump 106. After heat exchange between the feedwater heater 104 and the heat exchanger 102, the water becomes the boiler feedwater. The heat from the high-temperature exhaust gas is fully absorbed by the boiler feedwater, completing the waste heat recovery. After cooling, the exhaust gas is discharged from the exhaust side of the internal combustion engine. The control module 201 is the same as... The system monitors the exhaust temperature and pressure of the high-pressure cylinder at the high-pressure cylinder exhaust measuring point 203, the boiler feedwater temperature and pressure at the boiler feedwater measuring point 204, the exhaust temperature of the internal combustion engine 101 at the first exhaust measuring point 202a, and the cooled exhaust temperature at the second exhaust measuring point 202b. The control component 201 adjusts the opening of the feedwater regulating valve 107 according to the temperature and pressure, thereby realizing the distribution ratio of boiler feedwater in the feedwater heater 104 and heat exchanger 102, so as to achieve efficient recovery and utilization of the exhaust waste heat of the internal combustion engine 101, and at the same time eliminate the adverse effects of the intermittent operation of the internal combustion engine 101 on the thermal system.

[0042] It is important to note that the constructions and arrangements of this application shown in several different exemplary embodiments are merely illustrative. Although only a few embodiments are described in detail in this disclosure, those who consult this disclosure will readily understand that many modifications are possible (e.g., changes in the size, dimensions, structure, shape and proportion of various elements, as well as parameter values ​​(e.g., temperature, pressure, etc.), mounting arrangements, use of materials, color, orientation, etc.) without substantially departing from the novel teachings and advantages of the subject matter described in this application). For example, an element shown as integrally formed may be composed of multiple parts or elements, the position of elements may be inverted or otherwise altered, and the nature or number or position of discrete elements may be changed or altered. Therefore, all such modifications are intended to be included within the scope of this utility model. The order or sequence of any process or method steps may be changed or reordered according to alternative embodiments. In the claims, any "device plus function" clause is intended to cover the structure described herein that performs the function, and not only structural equivalents but also equivalent structures. Without departing from the scope of this invention, other substitutions, modifications, alterations, and omissions may be made in the design, operation, and arrangement of the exemplary embodiments. Therefore, this invention is not limited to the specific embodiments, but extends to various modifications that still fall within the scope of the appended claims.

[0043] Furthermore, in order to provide a concise description of exemplary embodiments, not all features of actual embodiments (i.e., those features that are not relevant to the best mode of carrying out the present invention as currently considered, or those features that are not relevant to implementing the present invention) may be omitted.

[0044] It should be understood that numerous specific implementation decisions can be made during the development of any practical implementation, such as in any engineering or design project. Such development efforts may be complex and time-consuming, but for those skilled in the art who benefit from this disclosure, the development effort will be a routine work of design, manufacturing, and production without requiring much experimentation.

[0045] It should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solution of this utility model and are not intended to limit it. Although this utility model has been described in detail with reference to preferred embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that modifications or equivalent substitutions can be made to the technical solution of this utility model without departing from the spirit and scope of the technical solution of this utility model, and all such modifications or substitutions should be covered within the scope of the claims of this utility model.

Claims

1. A system for recovering waste heat from the exhaust of an intermittent internal combustion engine, characterized in that: include, A recovery unit (100) includes an internal combustion engine (101), a heat exchanger (102), a coal-fired generator set (103), a feedwater heater (104), a condenser (105), a feedwater pump (106), and a feedwater regulating valve (107). The heat exchanger (102) is located on one side of the internal combustion engine (101), the feedwater heater (104) is located on one side of the coal-fired generator set (103), the condenser (105) is located on one side of the coal-fired generator set (103), the feedwater pump (106) is located between the feedwater heater (104) and the condenser (105), and a feedwater regulating valve (107) is located between the heat exchanger (102) and the feedwater heater (104). The control unit (200) includes a control component (201), an internal combustion engine exhaust measuring point (202), a high-pressure cylinder exhaust measuring point (203), and a boiler feedwater measuring point (204). The internal combustion engine exhaust measuring point (202) is located on the side of the internal combustion engine (101), the high-pressure cylinder exhaust measuring point (203) is located on the side of the coal-fired generator set (103), and the boiler feedwater measuring point (204) is located on the side of the feedwater heater (104). The internal combustion engine exhaust measuring point (202), the high-pressure cylinder exhaust measuring point (203), and the boiler feedwater measuring point (204) are electrically connected to the control component (201), and the feedwater regulating valve (107) is electrically connected to the control component (201).

2. The waste heat recovery system for intermittent internal combustion engines as described in claim 1, characterized in that: The coal-fired power generation unit (103) includes a boiler (103a), a high-pressure cylinder (103b), a low-pressure cylinder (103c), and a generator (103d). The high-pressure cylinder (103b) is located on one side of the boiler (103a), the low-pressure cylinder (103c) is located on one side of the high-pressure cylinder (103b), and the generator (103d) is located on one side of the low-pressure cylinder (103c).

3. The waste heat recovery system for intermittent internal combustion engines as described in claim 2, characterized in that: After the high-pressure cylinder (103b) performs its work, the steam is discharged into the feedwater heater (104) and the low-pressure cylinder (103c).

4. The waste heat recovery system for intermittent internal combustion engines as described in claim 2 or 3, characterized in that: After the low-pressure cylinder (103c) performs its work, the steam is discharged into the condenser (105).

5. The waste heat recovery system for intermittent internal combustion engines as described in claim 4, characterized in that: The generator (103d) is shaft-connected to the high-pressure cylinder (103b) and the low-pressure cylinder (103c).

6. The waste heat recovery system for intermittent internal combustion engines as described in claim 2, characterized in that: The feedwater pump (106) discharges the condensate from the condenser (105) into the heat exchanger (102) and the feedwater heater (104).

7. The waste heat recovery system for intermittent internal combustion engines as described in claim 6, characterized in that: The heat exchanger (102) and the feedwater heater (104) heat and mix the water before discharging it into the boiler (103a).

8. The waste heat recovery system for intermittent internal combustion engines as described in claim 7, characterized in that: The internal combustion engine exhaust measurement point (202) includes a first exhaust measurement point (202a) and a second exhaust measurement point (202b). The first exhaust measurement point (202a) is located on the exhaust outlet side of the internal combustion engine (101), and the second exhaust measurement point (202b) is located on the side of the heat exchanger (102).

9. The waste heat recovery system for intermittent internal combustion engines as described in claim 8, characterized in that: The high-pressure cylinder exhaust measuring point (203) is located on the side of the high-pressure cylinder (103b).

10. The waste heat recovery system for intermittent internal combustion engines as described in claim 1, characterized in that: The opening degree of the water supply regulating valve (107) is controlled by the control element (201).

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