Water removal device for artificial grass yarn production
By working together with the drive components, transmission components, water removal components, and drying components, the problem of low water removal efficiency of artificial turf fibers is solved, ensuring that the surface of the turf fibers is dry and improving the quality of the lawn.
Patent Information
- Application Number
- CN202422618482.9
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Utility models(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2024-10-29
- Publication Date
- 2025-11-11
- Estimated Expiration
- 2034-10-29
AI Technical Summary
Existing water removal devices cannot quickly and efficiently remove water from artificial turf fibers, resulting in a large amount of water adhering to the surface of the turf fibers, which affects the quality of the lawn.
By employing a combination of drive components, transmission components, water removal components, and air drying components, and utilizing the design of water-absorbing sponges and scrapers, along with the use of heating cylinders, rapid and efficient water removal of artificial grass fibers can be achieved.
It effectively removes moisture from the surface of the grass fibers, prevents the deposition of minerals and impurities, improves the bond between the grass fibers and the backing adhesive, and enhances the overall quality of the lawn.
Smart Images

Figure CN223537934U_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] This utility model relates to the field of artificial grass fiber processing, and in particular to a water removal device for artificial grass fiber production. Background Technology
[0002] Artificial turf originated in the United States in the 1960s. It is a non-living plastic chemical product. Artificial turf is classified into injection-molded artificial turf and woven artificial turf according to its production process. Injection-molded artificial turf uses an injection molding process, where plastic granules are extruded into a mold in one step, and then bent using a bending technique to ensure that the grass blades are evenly spaced, evenly distributed, and uniformly tall. It is suitable for kindergartens, sports fields, balconies, and landscaping. Grass fibers are an indispensable raw material for artificial turf. Artificial grass fibers are mainly made from synthetic fiber materials such as polypropylene (PP) or polyethylene (PE) through heating and extrusion, followed by water cooling, drying, and fiber drawing processes. However, existing dehydration devices cannot quickly and efficiently remove water from the artificial grass fibers, resulting in a large amount of water adhering to the surface of the fibers after the water cooling process. Minerals and impurities in the water also deposit on the surface of the grass fibers, making the backing adhesive weak during the final turf production process. This causes the grass fibers to easily pull out and fall off, thus affecting the quality of the turf. Utility Model Content
[0003] In view of the shortcomings of the existing technology, the purpose of this utility model is to provide a water removal device for the production of artificial grass fibers, which aims to solve the above-mentioned technical problems.
[0004] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention adopts the following technical solution:
[0005] A dewatering device for producing artificial grass fibers includes a housing and artificial grass fibers, and further includes:
[0006] The drive assembly is disposed within the housing;
[0007] A transmission component is disposed within the housing, and the transmission component cooperates with the drive component;
[0008] A water removal component is disposed on the transmission component and cooperates with the transmission component. The water removal component cooperates with the transmission component to absorb water from the artificial grass fibers and to remove water from the water removal component.
[0009] A drying component, disposed on the housing, dries excess moisture from the artificial grass fibers.
[0010] Preferably, the driving component includes:
[0011] A first drive motor is disposed inside the housing, and the first drive motor is fixedly connected to the housing;
[0012] A second drive motor is disposed inside the housing, and the second drive motor is fixedly connected to the housing;
[0013] A first drive shaft is disposed on the first drive motor, and the first drive shaft is fixedly connected to the first drive motor.
[0014] The second drive shaft is mounted on the second drive motor, and the second drive shaft is fixedly connected to the second drive motor.
[0015] Preferably, the transmission assembly includes;
[0016] A first transmission shaft is disposed on the first drive shaft, and the first transmission shaft is fixedly connected to the first drive shaft;
[0017] A first belt roller is disposed on the first drive shaft, and the first belt roller is fixedly connected to the first drive shaft.
[0018] A first heating cylinder is disposed on the first belt roller, and the first heating cylinder is fixedly connected to the first belt roller;
[0019] A first conveyor belt is disposed on the first heating cylinder, and the first conveyor belt is rotatably connected to the first heating cylinder. The first conveyor belt provides installation space for the water removal component.
[0020] A second transmission shaft is disposed on the second drive shaft, and the second transmission shaft is fixedly connected to the second drive shaft;
[0021] The second belt roller is disposed on the second drive shaft, and the second belt roller is fixedly connected to the second drive shaft;
[0022] The second heating cylinder is disposed on the second belt roller, and the second heating cylinder is fixedly connected to the second belt roller;
[0023] A second conveyor belt is disposed on the second heating cylinder, and the second conveyor belt is rotatably connected to the second heating cylinder. The second conveyor belt provides installation space for the water removal component.
[0024] Preferably, the water removal component includes:
[0025] A first absorbent sponge is disposed on the first conveyor belt, and the first absorbent sponge is fixedly connected to the first conveyor belt.
[0026] A first wiper blade is disposed inside the housing, and the first wiper blade is fixedly connected to the housing;
[0027] A second wiper blade is disposed inside the housing, and the second wiper blade is fixedly connected to the housing;
[0028] A second absorbent sponge is disposed on the second conveyor belt, and the second absorbent sponge is fixedly connected to the second conveyor belt.
[0029] A third wiper blade is disposed inside the housing, and the third wiper blade is fixedly connected to the housing;
[0030] A fourth wiper blade is disposed inside the housing and is fixedly connected to the housing.
[0031] Preferably, the air-drying assembly includes:
[0032] A hot air blower is mounted on the outer casing, and the hot air blower is fixedly connected to the outer casing;
[0033] An air supply duct is installed on the hot air blower, and the air supply duct is fixedly connected to the hot air blower;
[0034] An air outlet is provided on the air supply pipe, and the air outlet is fixedly connected to the air supply pipe.
[0035] Preferably, the transmission assembly and the water removal assembly are symmetrically distributed.
[0036] Preferably, the first and second absorbent sponges have grooves that can just hold the artificial grass fibers, and the grooves are evenly distributed on the first and second absorbent sponges.
[0037] In summary, due to the adoption of the above technical solution, the beneficial effects of this utility model are:
[0038] 1. Through the cooperation of the first absorbent sponge, the second absorbent sponge, the first wiper blade, the second wiper blade, the third wiper blade, the fourth wiper blade, the first heating cylinder, and the second heating cylinder, the water in the first absorbent sponge and the second absorbent sponge can be removed quickly and efficiently, thereby improving the working efficiency of the first absorbent sponge and the second absorbent sponge.
[0039] 2. By combining the first and second absorbent sponges, water on multiple artificial grass fibers can be absorbed simultaneously and transported to the air outlet, thereby improving the water removal efficiency of the artificial grass fibers. This ensures that the surface of the artificial grass fibers dries after the water-cooling and shaping process, while minerals and impurities in the water cannot be deposited on the surface of the grass fibers. This makes the adhesive on the grass fibers more secure during the final turf production process, preventing the grass fibers from being easily pulled out or falling off, thus improving the quality of the turf. Attached Figure Description
[0040] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of this utility model, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of this utility model. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.
[0041] Figure 1 A three-dimensional structural schematic diagram of a water removal device for the production of artificial grass fibers is shown.
[0042] Figure 2 This diagram shows another three-dimensional structural schematic of a dewatering device for the production of artificial grass fibers.
[0043] Figure 3 A schematic diagram of the internal structure of a water removal device for the production of artificial grass fibers is shown.
[0044] Figure 4 A schematic diagram of another internal structural component of a dewatering device for the production of artificial grass fibers is shown.
[0045] Figure 5 It shows Figure 4 A magnified schematic diagram of a portion of the structure in section A.
[0046] Figure 6 It shows Figure 4 A magnified schematic diagram of a local structure in section B.
[0047] Legend:
[0048] 1. Outer shell; 2. Artificial grass fibers; 3. First drive motor; 4. Second drive motor; 5. First drive shaft; 6. Second drive shaft; 7. First transmission shaft; 8. First belt roller; 9. First heating cylinder; 10. First conveyor belt; 11. Second transmission shaft; 12. Second belt roller; 13. Second heating cylinder; 14. Second conveyor belt; 15. First absorbent sponge; 16. First wiper blade; 17. Second absorbent sponge; 18. Second wiper blade; 19. Third wiper blade; 20. Fourth wiper blade; 21. Hot air blower; 22. Air duct; 23. Air outlet. Detailed Implementation
[0049] The technical solutions of the present utility model will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings of the embodiments. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present utility model, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present utility model, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present utility model.
[0050] In the description of this utility model, it should be understood that the terms "length", "width", "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", etc., indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings. They are only for the convenience of describing this utility model and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limitations on this utility model.
[0051] It should be noted that when a component is described as "fixed to" another component, it can be directly on the other component or may have a component in between. When a component is considered "connected to" another component, it can be directly connected to the other component or may have a component in between. When a component is considered "set on" another component, it can be directly set on the other component or may have a component in between. The terms "vertical," "horizontal," "left," "right," and similar expressions used in this document are for illustrative purposes only.
[0052] Furthermore, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly specifying the number of technical features indicated. Thus, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of that feature. In the description of this utility model, "a plurality of" means two or more, unless otherwise explicitly specified.
[0053] Reference Figures 1 to 6 The present invention provides a further description of an embodiment of a water removal device for the production of artificial grass fibers.
[0054] A dewatering device for producing artificial grass fibers includes a housing 1 and artificial grass fibers 2, and further includes:
[0055] A driving component, disposed within the housing 1, includes:
[0056] A first drive motor 3 is disposed inside the housing 1, and the first drive motor 3 is fixedly connected to the housing 1;
[0057] The second drive motor 4 is disposed inside the housing 1 and is fixedly connected to the housing 1;
[0058] A first drive shaft 5 is mounted on the first drive motor 3, and the first drive shaft 5 is fixedly connected to the first drive motor 3.
[0059] The second drive shaft 6 is mounted on the second drive motor 4, and the second drive shaft 6 is fixedly connected to the second drive motor 4.
[0060] Reference Figures 1 to 6 A transmission assembly is disposed within the housing 1, and the transmission assembly cooperates with the drive assembly. The transmission assembly includes:
[0061] A first transmission shaft 7 is disposed on the first drive shaft 5, and the first transmission shaft 7 is fixedly connected to the first drive shaft 5;
[0062] The first belt roller 8 is disposed on the first drive shaft 7, and the first belt roller 8 is fixedly connected to the first drive shaft 7;
[0063] A first heating cylinder 9 is disposed on the first belt roller 8, and the first heating cylinder 9 is fixedly connected to the first belt roller 8;
[0064] A first conveyor belt 10 is disposed on the first heating cylinder 9. The first conveyor belt 10 is rotatably connected to the first heating cylinder 9. The first conveyor belt 10 provides installation space for the water removal component.
[0065] The second transmission shaft 11 is disposed on the second drive shaft 6, and the second transmission shaft 11 is fixedly connected to the second drive shaft 6;
[0066] The second belt roller 12 is disposed on the second drive shaft 11, and the second belt roller 12 is fixedly connected to the second drive shaft 11.
[0067] The second heating cylinder 13 is disposed on the second belt roller 12, and the second heating cylinder 13 is fixedly connected to the second belt roller 12.
[0068] The second conveyor belt 14 is disposed on the second heating cylinder 13 and is rotatably connected to the second heating cylinder 13. The second conveyor belt 14 provides installation space for the water removal assembly.
[0069] Simultaneously with the start of the first drive motor 3, the second drive motor 4 is also started. The output shaft of the first drive motor 3 rotates counterclockwise while the output shaft of the second drive motor 4 rotates clockwise. The rotation of the output shaft of the first drive motor 3 drives the first drive shaft 5, which is fixedly connected to the output shaft of the first drive motor 3, to rotate. This, in turn, drives the first transmission shaft 7, which is fixedly connected to the first transmission shaft 7, to rotate. This, in turn, drives the first heating cylinder 9, which is fixedly connected to the first transmission shaft 8, to rotate. The rotation of the first heating cylinder 9 drives the first conveyor belt 10, which is tumbled and connected to the first heating cylinder 9, to move counterclockwise. Simultaneously with the start of the start of the second drive motor 4, the output shaft of the second drive motor 4 is also started, driving the second drive shaft 6, which is fixedly connected to the output shaft of the second drive motor 4, to rotate. This, in turn, drives the second transmission shaft 11, which is fixedly connected to the second drive shaft 6, to rotate. The rotation of the second transmission shaft 11 drives the second belt roller 12, which is fixedly connected to the second transmission shaft 11, to rotate. This, in turn, drives the second heating cylinder 13, which is fixedly connected to the second belt roller 12, to rotate. The rotation of the second heating cylinder 13 drives the second conveyor belt 14, which is tumbled and connected to the second heating cylinder 13, to move clockwise.
[0070] The counterclockwise movement of the first conveyor belt 10 and the clockwise movement of the second conveyor belt 14 make the first conveyor belt 10 and the second conveyor belt 14 move in the same direction at the contact points with the artificial grass fibers 2, so that the subsequent water removal and drying components can work more quickly and efficiently.
[0071] Reference Figures 1 to 6 A water removal component is disposed on the transmission component and cooperates with the transmission component. The water removal component cooperates with the transmission component to absorb water from the artificial grass fibers 2 and to remove water from the water removal component. The water removal component includes:
[0072] A first absorbent sponge 15 is disposed on the first conveyor belt 10, and the first absorbent sponge 15 is fixedly connected to the first conveyor belt 10.
[0073] A first wiper blade 16 is disposed inside the outer casing 1, and the first wiper blade 16 is fixedly connected to the outer casing 1;
[0074] The second wiper blade 18 is disposed inside the outer casing 1, and the second wiper blade 18 is fixedly connected to the outer casing 1;
[0075] The second absorbent sponge 17 is disposed on the second conveyor belt 14 and is fixedly connected to the second conveyor belt 14.
[0076] The third wiper blade 19 is disposed inside the outer casing 1, and the third wiper blade 19 is fixedly connected to the outer casing 1;
[0077] The fourth wiper blade 20 is disposed inside the outer casing 1, and the fourth wiper blade 20 is fixedly connected to the outer casing 1;
[0078] The first absorbent sponge 15 and the second absorbent sponge 17 have grooves that can just hold the artificial grass fibers 2, and the grooves are evenly distributed on the first absorbent sponge 15 and the second absorbent sponge 17.
[0079] The first wiper blade 16 and the first absorbent sponge 15 are tightly fitted together, and the third wiper blade 19 and the second absorbent sponge 17 are tightly fitted together.
[0080] The movement of the first conveyor belt 10 drives the first absorbent sponge 15, which is fixedly connected to the first conveyor belt 10, to move counterclockwise. The movement of the second conveyor belt 14 drives the second absorbent sponge 17, which is fixedly connected to the second conveyor belt 14, to move clockwise. At this time, the artificial grass fibers 2 move towards the air outlet 23 under the clamping of the first absorbent sponge 15 and the second absorbent sponge 17, and the water on the artificial grass fibers 2 is absorbed by the first absorbent sponge 15 and the second absorbent sponge 17. The first absorbent sponge 15 and the second absorbent sponge 17, after absorbing water, separate... When the first and second conveyors, which are fixedly connected, pass through the first wiper blade 16, the second wiper blade 18, the third wiper blade 19 and the fourth wiper blade 20, the water in the first absorbent sponge 15 and the second absorbent sponge 17 is scraped out. When the first absorbent sponge 15 and the second absorbent sponge 17 pass through the first heating cylinder 9 and the second heating cylinder 13 respectively, the water in the first absorbent sponge 15 and the second absorbent sponge 17 will be further dried, so that the water absorption work of the artificial grass fiber 2 can be carried out again.
[0081] By combining the first absorbent sponge 15 and the second absorbent sponge 17, water on multiple artificial grass fibers 2 can be absorbed simultaneously and transported to the air outlet 23, thereby improving the water removal efficiency of the artificial grass fibers 2. Through the cooperation of the first absorbent sponge 15, the second absorbent sponge 17, the first wiper blade 16, the second wiper blade 18, the third wiper blade 19, the fourth wiper blade 20, the first heating cylinder 9, and the second heating cylinder 13, the water in the first absorbent sponge 15 and the second absorbent sponge 17 can be removed quickly and efficiently, thus improving the working efficiency of the first absorbent sponge 15 and the second absorbent sponge 17.
[0082] Reference Figures 1 to 6 A drying assembly, disposed on the outer casing 1, is used to dry excess moisture on the artificial grass fibers 2. The drying assembly includes:
[0083] A hot air blower 21 is mounted on the outer casing 1 and is fixedly connected to the outer casing 1;
[0084] An air duct 22 is installed on the hot air blower 21, and the air duct 22 is fixedly connected to the hot air blower 21;
[0085] An air outlet 23 is provided on the air supply pipe 22, and the air outlet 23 is fixedly connected to the air supply pipe 22.
[0086] Start the hot air blower 21. The hot air reaches the air outlet 23 through the air duct 22. When the artificial grass fibers 2 move to the air outlet 23, the excess moisture on the artificial grass fibers 2 will be dried by the hot air, completing the dehydration work.
[0087] Working principle: Refer to Figures 1 to 6 Simultaneously with the start of the first drive motor 3, the second drive motor 4 is also started. The output shaft of the first drive motor 3 rotates counterclockwise while the output shaft of the second drive motor 4 rotates clockwise. The rotation of the output shaft of the first drive motor 3 drives the first drive shaft 5, which is fixedly connected to the output shaft of the first drive motor 3, to rotate. This, in turn, drives the first transmission shaft 7, which is fixedly connected to the first drive shaft 5. The rotation of the first transmission shaft 7 drives the first belt roller 8, which is fixedly connected to the first transmission shaft 7, to rotate. This, in turn, drives the first heating cylinder 9, which is fixedly connected to the first belt roller 8, to rotate. The rotation of the first heating cylinder 9 drives the first conveyor belt 10, which is tumbled and connected to the first heating cylinder 9, to rotate counterclockwise. This, in turn, drives the first absorbent sponge 15, which is fixedly connected to the first conveyor belt 10, to rotate counterclockwise. Simultaneously with the start of the second drive motor 4, the output shaft of the second drive motor 4 rotates, driving the second drive shaft 6, which is fixedly connected to the output shaft of the second drive motor 4, to rotate. This, in turn, drives the second transmission shaft 11, which is fixedly connected to the second transmission shaft 11. The rotation of the second transmission shaft 11 drives the second belt roller 12, which is fixedly connected to the second transmission shaft 11, to rotate. This, in turn, drives the second heating cylinder 13, which is fixedly connected to the second belt roller 12, to rotate. The rotation of the second heating cylinder 13 drives the first... The second conveyor belt 14, which is tumblingly connected to the second heating cylinder 13, moves clockwise, thereby driving the second absorbent sponge 17, which is fixedly connected to the second conveyor belt 14, to move clockwise. At this time, the artificial grass fibers 2 move towards the air outlet 23 under the clamping of the first absorbent sponge 15 and the second absorbent sponge 17. The water on the artificial grass fibers 2 is absorbed by the first absorbent sponge 15 and the second absorbent sponge 17. The hot air blower 21 is started, and hot air reaches the air outlet 23 through the air duct 22. When the artificial grass fibers 2 move to the air outlet 23, the excess water on the artificial grass fibers 2 will be dried by the hot air, completing the water removal work. When the first absorbent sponge 15 and the second absorbent sponge 17, which have absorbed water, pass through the first squeegee 16, the second squeegee 18, the third squeegee 19 and the fourth squeegee 20 respectively, driven by the first conveyor belt 10 and the second conveyor belt which are fixedly connected, the water in the first absorbent sponge 15 and the second absorbent sponge 17 is scraped out. When the first absorbent sponge 15 and the second absorbent sponge 17 pass through the first heating cylinder 9 and the second heating cylinder 13 respectively, the water in the first absorbent sponge 15 and the second absorbent sponge 17 will be further dried, so that the water absorption work of the artificial grass fiber 2 can be carried out again.
[0088] The above description of the embodiments enables those skilled in the art to make or use the present invention. Various modifications to these embodiments will be readily apparent to those skilled in the art, and the general principles defined herein may be implemented in other embodiments without departing from the spirit or scope of the present invention. Therefore, the present invention is not to be limited to the embodiments shown herein, but is to be accorded the widest scope consistent with the principles and novel features disclosed herein.
Claims
1. A dewatering device for producing artificial grass fibers, comprising a housing (1) and artificial grass fibers (2), characterized in that, Also includes: A drive assembly is disposed within the housing (1); A transmission component is disposed inside the housing (1), and the transmission component cooperates with the drive component; A water removal component is disposed on the transmission component and cooperates with the transmission component. The water removal component cooperates with the transmission component to realize the water absorption of artificial grass fibers (2) and to realize the removal of water in the water removal component. The first conveyor belt (10) and the second conveyor belt (14) provide installation space for the water removal assembly; The water removal component includes: The first absorbent sponge (15) is fixedly connected to the first conveyor belt (10); The first wiper blade (16) is fixedly connected to the outer casing (1); The second absorbent sponge (17) is fixedly connected to the second conveyor belt (14); The second wiper blade (18) is fixedly connected to the outer casing (1); The third wiper blade (19) is fixedly connected to the outer casing (1); The fourth wiper blade (20) is fixedly connected to the outer casing (1); A drying assembly, disposed on the outer casing (1), is used to dry excess moisture on the artificial grass fibers (2).
2. The dewatering device for artificial grass fiber production according to claim 1, characterized in that, The driving component includes: A first drive motor (3) is disposed inside the housing (1), and the first drive motor (3) is fixedly connected to the housing (1); The second drive motor (4) is disposed inside the housing (1), and the second drive motor (4) is fixedly connected to the housing (1); A first drive shaft (5) is mounted on the first drive motor (3), and the first drive shaft (5) is fixedly connected to the first drive motor (3); The second drive shaft (6) is mounted on the second drive motor (4), and the second drive shaft (6) is fixedly connected to the second drive motor (4).
3. The dewatering device for artificial grass fiber production according to claim 2, characterized in that, The transmission assembly includes; A first transmission shaft (7) is disposed on the first drive shaft (5), and the first transmission shaft (7) is fixedly connected to the first drive shaft (5); The first belt roller (8) is disposed on the first drive shaft (7), and the first belt roller (8) is fixedly connected to the first drive shaft (7); The first heating cylinder (9) is disposed on the first belt roller (8), the first heating cylinder (9) is fixedly connected to the first belt roller (8), and the first conveyor belt (10) is tumbledly connected to the first heating cylinder (9). The second transmission shaft (11) is disposed on the second drive shaft (6), and the second transmission shaft (11) is fixedly connected to the second drive shaft (6); The second belt roller (12) is disposed on the second drive shaft (11), and the second belt roller (12) is fixedly connected to the second drive shaft (11); The second heating cylinder (13) is disposed on the second belt roller (12). The second heating cylinder (13) is fixedly connected to the second belt roller (12), and the second conveyor belt (14) is tumbledly connected to the second heating cylinder (13).
4. The dewatering device for artificial grass fiber production according to claim 3, characterized in that, The air-drying component includes: A hot air blower (21) is mounted on the outer casing (1), and the hot air blower (21) is fixedly connected to the outer casing (1); An air duct (22) is installed on the hot air blower (21), and the air duct (22) is fixedly connected to the hot air blower (21); An air outlet (23) is provided on the air supply pipe (22), and the air outlet (23) is fixedly connected to the air supply pipe (22).
5. A dewatering device for artificial grass fiber production according to claim 4, characterized in that, The first absorbent sponge (15) and the second absorbent sponge (17) have grooves that can just hold the artificial grass fibers (2), and the grooves are evenly distributed on the first absorbent sponge (15) and the second absorbent sponge (17).
6. A dewatering device for artificial grass fiber production according to claim 5, characterized in that, The first wiper blade (16) and the first absorbent sponge (15) are in close contact, and the third wiper blade (19) and the second absorbent sponge (17) are in close contact.