Coastal wetland shallow underground environment information real-time monitoring device

Abstract

The utility model discloses a coastal wetland shallow underground environment monitoring device, which belongs to the field of coastal wetland environment research and comprises an outer shell, a sealing cover A is arranged at the upper end of the outer shell, a sealing flange is arranged at the lower end of the outer shell, and a sensor mounting seat is arranged on the sealing flange. A plurality of water quality sensors for collecting water quality data are mounted on the sensor mounting seat, a battery and a control circuit board are arranged in the outer shell, and the battery and the plurality of water quality sensors are electrically connected with the control circuit board. According to the utility model, the sensor is buried underground by using the monitoring vertical pipe structure, and the influence of tidal water on a monitored target water source can be effectively isolated by means of the floating ventilation structure, so that the monitoring result is more accurate.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of coastal wetland environment research, specifically to a shallow underground environment monitoring device for coastal wetlands. Background Technology

[0002] Coastal wetlands are coastal zones between land and shallow sea, with a water depth of no more than 6 meters at low tide. They mainly include distributary channels, breach fans, natural dikes, floodplains, and sedimentary depressions, representing a "marginal region" with characteristics of a transitional marine-terrestrial facies. While accounting for only 7% of the global land area and less than 1% of the ocean area, they store 50% of the global blue carbon system, with a carbon sequestration efficiency 15 times that of terrestrial ecosystems and 50 times that of marine ecosystems. The hydrological ecosystems of coastal wetlands are extremely fragile. The physical and chemical characteristics of shallow groundwater play a crucial role in their growth and development, and the main sources of shallow groundwater are atmospheric precipitation and surface water. The driving forces behind changes in shallow groundwater are mainly the dynamic effects caused by tidal fluctuations, the hydrochemical movements driven by salinity, and the combined effects of ocean tides. Rapid changes, especially those induced by cold waves, high temperatures, and typhoons that cause sudden tidal fluctuations and high-frequency variations in shallow groundwater, pose an immeasurable risk of decline to coastal wetlands. Therefore, shallow groundwater in coastal wetlands serves as the first line of defense against the vertical intrusion of nearshore seawater into medium- and deep confined aquifers, effectively inhibiting reverse seawater infiltration. Simultaneously, the discharge of groundwater from coastal wetlands plays a crucial role in the transport of nutrients, pollutants, and other chemical substances, significantly impacting the ecological environment. However, while the ecological services and socio-economic value of coastal wetlands have garnered global attention, they also face the threat of intense human activity. In the past 20 years, global coastal wetlands have decreased by more than 50%, with approximately 25-50% of coastal wetlands converted into farmland or coastal aquaculture, leading to increasingly severe groundwater pollution. Furthermore, with the global population shifting towards coastal areas, coastal wetlands are highly likely to suffer serious damage in the future. Therefore, high-resolution monitoring of shallow groundwater in coastal wetlands and clarifying its driving mechanisms are of great significance for protecting coastal wetlands and mitigating disasters.

[0003] Currently, the main methods for monitoring shallow groundwater in coastal wetlands include:

[0004] 1. Surface water samples were collected and analyzed using the trawl net hanging bottle method;

[0005] 2. After the tide recedes, water samples are collected by drilling holes in the tidal flats for analysis.

[0006] Existing technologies are insufficient for all-weather, autonomous, and remote monitoring of shallow groundwater in coastal wetlands. In particular, the rapid changes in shallow groundwater with the rise and fall of tides mean that high-frequency information at the second, minute, and hourly levels has not yet been captured. Furthermore, the muddy and slippery conditions on tidal flats make monitoring difficult and result in high costs in terms of manpower and resources. Utility Model Content

[0007] To address the aforementioned shortcomings of existing technologies, this utility model provides a shallow underground environmental monitoring technology for coastal wetlands, which can effectively improve monitoring efficiency, reduce costs, and enable all-weather, autonomous remote monitoring and pollution source assessment.

[0008] To achieve the above-mentioned objectives, the technical solution adopted by this utility model is as follows:

[0009] A shallow underground environment monitoring device for coastal wetlands is provided, comprising an outer shell, a sealing cover A at the upper end of the outer shell, a sealing flange at the lower end, a sensor mounting base on the sealing flange, and a plurality of water quality sensors for collecting water quality data mounted on the sensor mounting base. The water quality sensors are housed inside a sensor protective cover, which is fixed to the sensor mounting base. A battery and a control circuit board are housed inside the outer shell, and the battery and the plurality of water quality sensors are electrically connected to the control circuit board.

[0010] Furthermore, an upper fixing seat and a lower fixing seat are provided inside the outer casing, and both the upper fixing seat and the lower fixing seat are provided with grooves for holding the battery.

[0011] Furthermore, the groove has a square structure, and the corners of the groove are provided with rounded chamfers.

[0012] Furthermore, the sealing flange has an annular structure, and the sealing flange is detachably connected to the outer casing. The inner wall of the sealing flange is provided with a protruding ridge, and the edge of the control circuit board is provided with a groove that engages with the protruding ridge.

[0013] Furthermore, a sealing ring is provided on the surface of the sealing flange that contacts the sensor mounting base, and the sealing ring is pressed and fitted with the sensor mounting base to seal.

[0014] Furthermore, the sensor mounting base has several mounting holes for installing water quality sensors.

[0015] Furthermore, the sealing cover A is threadedly connected to the outer casing, and the sealing cover A is provided with a boss that mates with the outer casing.

[0016] The beneficial effects of this utility model are as follows:

[0017] 1. This utility model utilizes a monitoring vertical pipe structure to bury the sensor underground, and with the help of a floating ventilation structure, it can effectively isolate the influence of tides on the monitored target water source, resulting in more accurate monitoring results;

[0018] 2. The monitoring sensors can automatically collect data on suspended sediment concentration, chlorophyll, total carbon, total nitrogen, temperature, salinity and other elements of shallow groundwater at regular intervals, and send the data to the back-end server through the wireless network communication module. Users can view the working status of the equipment at each monitoring point and various parameters of shallow groundwater in coastal wetlands in real time. Attached Figure Description

[0019] Figure 1 Explosion of a shallow underground environmental monitoring device in coastal wetlands Figure 1 .

[0020] Figure 2 Explosion of a shallow underground environmental monitoring device in coastal wetlands Figure 2 .

[0021] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the installation of a real-time monitoring device for shallow underground environmental information in coastal wetlands.

[0022] Among them, 1. Sealing cover AA, 2. Upper fixing seat, 3. Battery, 4. Outer shell, 5. Lower fixing seat, 6. Sealing flange, 7. Sensor mounting seat, 8. Water quality sensor, 9. Sensor protective cover, 10. Boss, 11. Groove, 12. Sealing ring, 13. Control circuit board, 14. Raised ridge, 15. Support frame, 16. Pipe, 17. Lifting rope, 18. Sealing cover AB, 19. Air pipe connector, 20. Vent pipe, 21. Float. Detailed Implementation

[0023] The specific embodiments of this utility model are described below to enable those skilled in the art to understand this utility model. However, it should be understood that this utility model is not limited to the scope of the specific embodiments. For those skilled in the art, as long as various changes are within the spirit and scope of this utility model as defined and determined by the appended claims, these changes are obvious. All utility model creations utilizing the concept of this utility model are within the scope of protection.

[0024] like Figure 1 and Figure 2As shown, a shallow underground environment monitoring device for coastal wetlands includes a housing 4. A sealing cover A1 is located at the upper end of the housing 4, and a sealing flange 6 is located at the lower end. A sensor mounting base 7 is mounted on the sealing flange 6, and several water quality sensors 8 for collecting water quality data are mounted on the sensor mounting base 7. In this embodiment, the water quality sensors 8 may include chlorophyll sensors, water quality sensors, pH sensors, turbidity sensors, etc. The water quality sensors 8 are housed within a sensor protective cover 9, which protects the sensors. In this embodiment, the water quality sensors 8 use sensor probes with cleaning functions, and the sensor protective cover 9 is fixed to the sensor mounting base 7. A battery 3 and a control circuit board 13 are located inside the housing 4. The battery 3 and the several water quality sensors 8 are all electrically connected to the control circuit board 13. In this embodiment, the control circuit board 13 uses a PCB board equipped with an STM32L071 microcontroller.

[0025] In this embodiment, an upper fixing seat 2 and a lower fixing seat 5 are provided inside the outer casing 4. Both the upper fixing seat 2 and the lower fixing seat 5 are provided with grooves 11 for holding the batteries 3, which are used to fix the battery pack formed by multiple batteries 3 and prevent them from shaking randomly. The grooves 11 have a square structure, and the corners of the grooves 11 are provided with rounded chamfers to ensure that they can fit the contour of the battery pack.

[0026] In this embodiment, the sealing flange 6 is an annular structure, and the sealing flange 6 is detachably connected to the outer shell 4. The inner wall of the sealing flange 6 is provided with a protruding rib 14, and the edge of the control circuit board 13 is provided with a groove 11 that engages with the protruding rib 14 to fix the control circuit board 13.

[0027] In this embodiment, a sealing ring 12 is provided on the surface of the sealing flange 6 that contacts the sensor mounting base 7. The sealing ring 12 and the sensor mounting base 7 are squeezed together to seal, ensuring the overall sealing of the sensor and preventing water from entering the housing 4.

[0028] In this embodiment, the sensor mounting base 7 has several mounting holes for installing water quality sensors 8, which are used to install multiple water quality sensors 8 of different types. Different types of sensors can be replaced according to actual needs.

[0029] In this embodiment, the sealing cover A1 is threadedly connected to the outer casing 4. The sealing cover A1 is provided with a boss 10 that mates with the outer casing 4. This ensures the sealing performance of the sealing cover A1 while also facilitating the replacement of the battery pack.

[0030] The installation method of the above-mentioned shallow subsurface environmental monitoring device in the shallow layer of coastal wetlands includes:

[0031] S1: Select several monitoring points evenly within the study area of ​​the coastal wetland. Drill holes downwards at each monitoring point and install pipes 16 with open ends, such as... Figure 3 As shown, the environmental monitoring device is installed on the support frame 15. The support frame 15 is used to place the environmental monitoring device into the pipe 16 to contact the groundwater. The upper end of the environmental monitoring device is connected to the sealing cover AB18 by the hoisting rope 17. The hoisting rope 17 is fixed to the upper end of the support frame 15. The purpose is to facilitate the hoisting of the installed monitoring device into the PVC pipe from top to bottom, and also to facilitate daily removal and maintenance.

[0032] Pipeline 16 uses PVC pipe with an inner diameter of 200mm and a wall thickness of 4mm. Its length is 20cm longer than the actual monitoring depth. If the monitoring depth is 1m, then the length of the PVC pipe is 1.2m.

[0033] S2: A sealing cap B18 is installed at the upper end of the pipe 16 to prevent seawater from entering. A vent pipe 20 is sealed and connected to the sealing cap B18. An air pipe connector 19 is provided on the sealing cap B18 and connected to the vent pipe 20. The end of the vent pipe 20 is connected to a float 21, and the end of the vent pipe 20 passes through the float 21 and is in communication with the air. The antenna of the wireless module for data transmission can be directly installed on the float 21. The antenna cable is led out from the vent pipe to ensure that the equipment can still communicate with the backend server after being submerged in water. The end of the vent pipe 20 passes through the float 21 and is in communication with the air. The vent pipe 20 discharges the gas in the pipe 16.

[0034] The function of the vent pipe 20 is to expel air from the PVC pipe without affecting the fluctuation of the water level inside the pipe. A float 21 is installed at the end of the vent pipe 20, which floats up and down with the water level to ensure that the vent outlet of the vent pipe 20 is always above the water surface and connected to the atmosphere during high tide. The length of the vent pipe 20 is determined based on the highest tide level at the monitoring point; it only needs to be 1m above the highest tide level. For example, if the highest tide level at the monitoring point is 3m, then the length of the vent pipe should be 4m.

[0035] The buoy 21 floats up and down with the seawater level, ensuring that the air outlet of the vent pipe 20 is always above the water surface; the floating antenna installation structure keeps the antenna of the wireless communication module above the water surface even after high tide, preventing data transmission and reception failure due to flooding, and ensuring communication with the backend server. This ensures that the data collected by the monitoring equipment can be sent to the backend server in a timely manner.

[0036] This invention utilizes a monitoring vertical pipe structure to bury the sensor underground. With the help of a floating ventilation structure, it can effectively isolate the influence of tides on the monitored target water source, resulting in more accurate monitoring results. The monitoring sensor can automatically collect data on elements such as suspended sediment concentration, chlorophyll, total carbon, total nitrogen, temperature, and salinity of shallow groundwater at regular intervals, and send the data to the back-end server through a wireless network communication module. Users can view the working status of the equipment at each monitoring point and various parameters of shallow groundwater in coastal wetlands in real time.

Claims

1. A shallow underground environmental monitoring device for coastal wetlands, characterized in that, The device includes an outer casing, with a sealing cover A at the upper end and a sealing flange at the lower end. A sensor mounting base is provided on the sealing flange, and several water quality sensors for collecting water quality data are mounted on the sensor mounting base. The water quality sensors are located inside a sensor protective cover, which is fixed to the sensor mounting base. A battery and a control circuit board are located inside the outer casing, and the battery and several water quality sensors are electrically connected to the control circuit board.

2. The coastal wetland shallow underground environment monitoring device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The outer casing is provided with an upper fixing seat and a lower fixing seat, and both the upper fixing seat and the lower fixing seat are provided with grooves for holding the battery.

3. The coastal wetland shallow underground environment monitoring device according to claim 2, characterized in that, The groove has a square structure, and the corners of the groove are provided with rounded chamfers.

4. The coastal wetland shallow underground environment monitoring device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The sealing flange has an annular structure and is detachably connected to the outer casing. The inner wall of the sealing flange is provided with a protruding ridge, and the edge of the control circuit board is provided with a groove that engages with the protruding ridge.

5. The coastal wetland shallow underground environment monitoring device according to claim 4, characterized in that, A sealing ring is provided on the surface of the sealing flange that contacts the sensor mounting base, and the sealing ring is pressed and sealed with the sensor mounting base.

6. The coastal wetland shallow underground environment monitoring device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The sensor mounting base has several mounting holes for installing water quality sensors.

7. The coastal wetland shallow underground environment monitoring device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The sealing cover A is threadedly connected to the outer shell, and the sealing cover A is provided with a boss that mates with the outer shell.

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