Bernoulli equation experimental device applied to teaching

Abstract

The utility model discloses a Bernoulli equation experimental device applied to teaching, and mainly solves the problem that the existing experimental device is large in size. The experimental device comprises a main glass tube platform, a self-circulating main glass tube which is arranged on the main glass tube platform and is provided with a plurality of bent sections, a water pump which is arranged on the main glass tube and is used for realizing fluid self-circulation, a flow meter which is arranged on the main glass tube and is used for measuring fluid flow, and a plurality of test interfaces which are arranged on the main glass tube, and the pressure measuring device is connected with the testing interface and is used for measuring fluid pressure. According to the utility model, a semi-closed fluid self-circulation structure is adopted, and the fluid self-circulation of the experimental device is realized under the action of the water pump, so that the structures such as an open water tank of the traditional Bernoulli experimental device are omitted. And compared with a long straight pipeline of traditional experimental equipment, the main pipeline is bent, so that the miniaturization of the experimental device is realized. The closed main pipeline structure also prevents the fluid from scattering in the laboratory, and ensures that the ground of the laboratory is dry and clean.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model belongs to the field of teaching instrument technology, specifically, it relates to a Bernoulli equation experimental device for teaching. Background Technology

[0002] Bernoulli's equation, the energy equation for steady flow of incompressible liquids, is one of the three most important equations in hydraulics and fluid mechanics. Its physical meaning is that during the flow of water from one cross-section to another, the potential energy, pressure energy, and kinetic energy per unit volume of the liquid can be interconverted. The total mechanical energy per unit volume at the previous cross-section is equal to the total mechanical energy per unit volume at the subsequent cross-section plus the energy loss between the two cross-sections. This energy loss is dissipated as heat. Therefore, the conversion between the Bernoulli equation and the other three energy types is irreversible. Experiments teaching Bernoulli's equation are an important part of the curriculum for hydraulics and fluid mechanics.

[0003] Traditional Bernoulli equation experimental setups include fluid storage or collection devices such as water tanks and collection tanks. These setups require a matching experimental table for installation and use, resulting in a large overall footprint. Furthermore, traditional instruments have stringent laboratory requirements, necessitating a water source and drainage system, thus limiting their usability. Additionally, the use of water tanks and collection tanks can lead to liquid spillage on the laboratory floor, causing environmental pollution. Utility Model Content

[0004] The purpose of this invention is to provide an experimental apparatus for Bernoulli's equation that can be used in teaching, mainly to solve the problem of the large size of existing experimental apparatuses.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, the technical solution adopted by this utility model is as follows:

[0006] A Bernoulli equation experimental apparatus for teaching includes a main glass tube platform, a self-circulating main glass tube with multiple bends mounted on the main glass tube platform, a water pump mounted on the main glass tube for realizing fluid self-circulation, a flow meter mounted on the main glass tube for measuring fluid flow rate, multiple test interfaces mounted on the main glass tube, and a pressure measuring device connected to the test interfaces for measuring fluid pressure.

[0007] Furthermore, in this invention, the test interface includes a Venturi tube test head and an in-bend test head and an out-bend test head disposed at the bending section of the main glass tube.

[0008] Furthermore, in this utility model, the Venturi tube test head includes a Venturi tube connected to the main glass tube, a first test connector disposed on the inlet section and the outlet section of the Venturi tube, and a second test connector disposed on the narrow tube in the middle of the Venturi tube.

[0009] Furthermore, in this utility model, the in-bend test head and the out-bend test head have the same structure, both consisting of two static pressure test joints perpendicular to the water flow direction of the main glass pipe and a Pitot bend test joint facing the water flow direction.

[0010] Furthermore, in this invention, the pressure measuring device is a pressure gauge.

[0011] Furthermore, in this utility model, the pressure measuring device includes two vertical plate mounting interfaces fixed to the main glass tube platform, a pressure measuring tube vertical plate detachably inserted into the vertical plate mounting interface, several pressure measuring tubes installed on the pressure measuring tube vertical plate with an open top, and a dustproof cover plate installed on the top of the pressure measuring tube vertical plate; wherein, the pressure measuring tube vertical plate is also provided with scale lines corresponding to the pressure measuring tubes.

[0012] Furthermore, in this invention, the main glass tube is also provided with a water injection interface and a regulating valve.

[0013] Furthermore, in this invention, the main glass tube is also provided with a colored liquid injection port; a colored liquid injector is detachably installed on the pressure measuring tube plate.

[0014] Furthermore, in this invention, a pair of handles are also provided on the main glass tube platform.

[0015] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0016] (1) This utility model adopts a semi-closed fluid self-circulation structure, which uses the action of a water pump to realize the fluid self-circulation of the experimental device, thus eliminating the need for the open water tank and other structures of the traditional Bernoulli experimental device. In addition, compared with the long straight pipes of traditional experimental equipment, the experimental device is miniaturized by bending the main pipe. At the same time, since the fluid achieves self-circulation in the closed pipe, it can be used for a long time and many times after a single filling, which also avoids the fluid spilling in the laboratory and ensures that the laboratory floor is dry and clean.

[0017] (2) Based on miniaturization, this utility model achieves separation of the device from the desktop, and can be easily moved as a whole with the help of the handle. At the same time, due to the addition of the bend, the influence of the bend in the pipe on the manifold can be studied, which enriches the experimental content of the experimental device.

[0018] (3) The main glass tube platform and pressure measuring tube upright plate of this utility model can be quickly disassembled and installed, making it more convenient to transport and store.

[0019] (4) The fluid of this utility model is directly driven by a water pump to circulate the liquid, and the flow rate can be directly controlled by the pump power supply; at the same time, a valve is added to further control the flow rate. Combined with the design of the main pipeline diameter and the selection of the flow meter, it can ensure multi-data point sampling at the laminar flow end and turbulent flow section, while ensuring that the pressure measuring riser has a sufficient and clearly distinguishable water column height difference. Attached Figure Description

[0020] Figure 1 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the present invention.

[0021] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the cross-section of the main glass tube in this utility model.

[0022] The names corresponding to the reference numerals in the attached figures are as follows:

[0023] 1-Main glass tube platform, 2-Main glass tube, 3-Water pump, 4-Flow meter, 5-Test interface, 6-Pressure measuring device, 7-Water injection interface, 8-Regulating valve, 9-Colored liquid injection port, 10-Colored liquid injector, 11-Handle, 51-Venturi tube test head, 52-In-bend test head, 53-Out-bend test head, 54-Venturi tube, 55-First test connector, 56-Second test connector, 57-Static pressure test connector, 58-Pitto bend test connector, 61-Upright plate mounting interface, 62-Pressure measuring tube upright plate, 63-Pressure measuring riser, 64-Dustproof cover. Detailed Implementation

[0024] The present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. The embodiments of the present invention include, but are not limited to, the following embodiments.

[0025] like Figure 1 , 2 As shown, this utility model discloses a Bernoulli equation experimental device for teaching purposes, including a main glass tube platform 1, a self-circulating main glass tube 2 with multiple bends mounted on the main glass tube platform 1, a water pump 3 mounted on the main glass tube 2 for achieving fluid self-circulation, a flow meter 4 mounted on the main glass tube 2 for measuring fluid flow rate, multiple test interfaces 5 mounted on the main glass tube 2, and a pressure measuring device 6 connected to the test interfaces 5 for measuring fluid pressure. The main glass tube 2 also includes a water injection port 7, a regulating valve 8, and a colored liquid injection port 9. The water pump 3 provides circulation power for the liquid in the main glass tube, and the flow rate can be coarsely adjusted by regulating its power supply voltage; the valve can be used for fine adjustment of the flow rate; the flow meter is used to test the flow rate of the circulating liquid in the pipe; before the experiment, the water injection port can be opened to inject liquid, and the pump power can be used to vent the air, and then the pipe can be closed (the entire water injection and venting process requires the water injection port to be placed in the liquid).

[0026] Multiple test ports 5 distributed on the main glass tube are connected to various measurement ports of the main glass tube via thin flexible tubes to measure the liquid column height at each port. Additionally, Robert's stop clamps are fitted onto the thin flexible tubes for closing the corresponding test ports. In this embodiment, the pressure measuring device 6 includes two vertical plate mounting interfaces 61 fixed to the main glass tube platform 1, a pressure measuring tube vertical plate 62 detachably inserted into the vertical plate mounting interfaces 61, several pressure measuring risers 63 mounted on the pressure measuring tube vertical plate 62 with an open top, and a dust cover 64 mounted on the top of the pressure measuring tube vertical plate 62; wherein the pressure measuring tube vertical plate 62 is also provided with scale lines corresponding to the pressure measuring risers. In other embodiments, a pressure gauge can also be used as the pressure measuring device, but the cost of a pressure gauge is relatively high. When the liquid flows, the liquid column height in the pressure measuring risers 63 will change due to pressure variations.

[0027] In this embodiment, the test interface 5 includes a Venturi tube test head 51 and an inlet bend test head 52 and an outlet bend test head 53 located at the bend section of the main glass tube 2. The Venturi tube test head 51 includes a Venturi tube 54 connected to the main glass tube 2, a first test connector 55 located at the inlet and outlet sections of the Venturi tube 54, and a second test connector 56 located on the narrow section in the middle of the Venturi tube 54. The flow rate can also be measured by the height difference between the first test connector 55 and the second test connector 56.

[0028] In this embodiment, a thin flexible tube is connected to a colored water injector. When colored water is injected through this tube, laminar and turbulent flow phenomena can be observed through the flow of the colored water to determine the Reynolds number.

[0029] The inlet bend test head 52 and outlet bend test head 53 have the same structure, each consisting of two static pressure test joints 57 perpendicular to the water flow direction of the main glass tube 2 and a Pitot bend test joint 58 facing the water flow direction. During the test, the dynamic head of the main glass tube can be measured by measuring the difference in liquid column height between the Pitot bend test joint and the adjacent static pressure test port, and the liquid flow velocity can be calculated from this. In this embodiment, the influence of the bend on the liquid flow can be studied by comparing the difference in liquid column height between the two opposing static pressure test ports.

[0030] Through the above design, this utility model adopts a semi-closed fluid self-circulation structure, utilizing a water pump to achieve fluid self-circulation in the experimental apparatus, thus eliminating the need for the open water tank and other structures found in traditional Bernoulli's experimental apparatus. Furthermore, compared to the long, straight pipes of traditional experimental equipment, the bent main pipe achieves miniaturization of the experimental apparatus. Simultaneously, because the fluid achieves self-circulation within the closed pipe, it can be used repeatedly for extended periods after a single filling, preventing fluid spillage in the laboratory and ensuring a dry and clean laboratory floor.

[0031] The above embodiments are merely one of the preferred embodiments of this utility model and should not be used to limit the scope of protection of this utility model. Any modifications or refinements made to the main design concept and spirit of this utility model that are not of substantial significance, but solve the same technical problem as this utility model, should be included within the scope of protection of this utility model.

Claims

1. A Bernoulli equation experimental apparatus for teaching purposes, characterized in that, It includes a main glass tube platform (1), a self-circulating main glass tube (2) with multiple bends installed on the main glass tube platform (1), a water pump (3) installed on the main glass tube (2) for realizing fluid self-circulation, a flow meter (4) installed on the main glass tube (2) for measuring fluid flow, multiple test interfaces (5) installed on the main glass tube (2), and a pressure measuring device (6) connected to the test interfaces (5) for measuring fluid pressure.

2. The Bernoulli equation experimental apparatus for teaching according to claim 1, characterized in that, The test interface (5) includes a Venturi tube test head (51) and an in-bend test head (52) and an out-bend test head (53) located at the bend section of the main glass tube (2).

3. The Bernoulli equation experimental apparatus for teaching according to claim 2, characterized in that, The Venturi tube test head (51) includes a Venturi tube (54) connected to the main glass tube (2), a first test connector (55) on the inlet section and the outlet section of the Venturi tube (54), and a second test connector (56) on the narrow tube in the middle of the Venturi tube (54).

4. The Bernoulli equation experimental apparatus for teaching according to claim 3, characterized in that, The in-bend test head (52) and the out-bend test head (53) have the same structure, both consisting of two static pressure test joints (57) perpendicular to the water flow direction of the main glass tube (2) and a Pitot bend test joint (58) facing the water flow direction.

5. The Bernoulli equation experimental apparatus for teaching according to claim 4, characterized in that, The pressure measuring device (6) is a pressure gauge.

6. The Bernoulli equation experimental apparatus for teaching according to claim 4, characterized in that, The pressure measuring device (6) includes two vertical plate mounting interfaces (61) fixed on the main glass tube platform (1), a pressure measuring tube vertical plate (62) detachably inserted into the vertical plate mounting interface (61), a plurality of pressure measuring tubes (63) installed on the pressure measuring tube vertical plate (62) and open at the top, and a dust cover plate (64) installed on the top of the pressure measuring tube vertical plate (62); wherein, the pressure measuring tube vertical plate (62) is also provided with scale lines corresponding to the pressure measuring tubes.

7. A Bernoulli equation experimental apparatus for teaching according to claim 5 or 6, characterized in that, The main glass tube (2) is also equipped with a water injection port (7) and a regulating valve (8).

8. The Bernoulli equation experimental apparatus for teaching according to claim 6, characterized in that, The main glass tube (2) is also provided with a colored liquid injection port (9); a colored liquid injector (10) is detachably installed on the pressure measuring tube plate (62).

9. The Bernoulli equation experimental apparatus for teaching according to claim 8, characterized in that, The main glass tube platform (1) is also provided with a pair of handles (11).

Images