Solar cell module

Abstract

The utility model discloses a solar cell module which comprises a first substrate, a thin film cell, a light-transmitting isolation layer, a perovskite cell and a second substrate which are stacked in sequence. The thin-film battery and the perovskite battery are arranged in parallel, and the voltage difference between the thin-film battery and the perovskite battery is less than 10% of the voltage of the perovskite battery; the solar cell module is of a two-end output structure. The packaging structure is simple in structure, and the yield and the reliability of packaged products can be improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of battery technology, and in particular to a solar cell module. Background Technology

[0002] Currently, most crystalline silicon cell manufacturers on the market are investing in the research and development of two-terminal perovskite crystalline silicon tandem cells. This structure is equivalent to a series connection. The main issue to consider is the limited magnitude of the short-circuit current of the entire cell. To match the short-circuit current of the two cells, it is necessary to match their band gaps to achieve balance. The process is quite complicated and the matching window is narrow.

[0003] Another approach is to use a stacked battery solution that mechanically stacks two types of cells. However, crystalline silicon cells may lose a lot of efficiency during the cutting process, and poor welding, microcracks, and low yield of small cell segments will be a major factor affecting their subsequent promotion and application. Utility Model Content

[0004] This invention provides a solar cell module with a simple structure, which can improve the yield and reliability of packaged products.

[0005] According to one aspect of the present invention, a solar cell module is provided, comprising:

[0006] A first substrate, a thin-film battery, a light-transmitting insulating layer, a perovskite battery, and a second substrate are stacked sequentially; the thin-film battery and the perovskite battery are connected in parallel, and the voltage difference between the thin-film battery and the perovskite battery is less than 10% of the voltage of the perovskite battery.

[0007] The solar cell module has a two-end output structure.

[0008] Optionally, the solar cell module also includes:

[0009] A junction box is located on the side of the first substrate away from the thin-film battery, and the junction box is electrically connected to the thin-film battery and the perovskite battery.

[0010] Optionally, the junction box includes a reverse-charge protection diode and an optimizer chip, which are located inside the junction box and are electrically connected to the optimizer chip.

[0011] Optionally, the thin-film battery includes any one of copper indium gallium selenide (CIGS) batteries, organic light-emitting material (OLED) batteries, and perovskite batteries.

[0012] Optionally, the perovskite solar cell includes a first conductive layer, a first carrier transport layer, a perovskite absorber layer, a second carrier transport layer, and a second conductive layer stacked sequentially; the second conductive layer is located on the side of the first conductive layer away from the second substrate.

[0013] Optionally, the perovskite solar cell includes multiple perovskite sub-cells, each of which includes a fourth trench, a fifth trench, and a sixth trench spaced apart.

[0014] The fourth trench penetrates the second conductive layer and the second carrier transport layer, and a perovskite absorbing material layer is disposed within the fourth trench; the fifth trench penetrates the first carrier transport layer, the perovskite absorbing layer, and the second carrier transport layer, and a first conductive material layer is disposed within the fifth trench; the sixth trench penetrates the first carrier transport layer, the perovskite absorbing layer, the second carrier transport layer, and the first conductive layer, and a light-transmitting insulating material layer is disposed within the sixth trench.

[0015] According to another aspect of the present invention, a solar cell module is provided, comprising:

[0016] A first substrate, a copper indium gallium selenide (CIGS) cell, a transparent insulating film, a perovskite cell, and a second substrate are stacked sequentially. The CIGS cell and the perovskite cell are connected in parallel, and the voltage difference between the CIGS cell and the perovskite cell is less than 10% of the voltage of the perovskite cell.

[0017] The solar cell module has a two-end output structure.

[0018] Optionally, the ratio of gallium component to gallium and indium components in the copper indium gallium selenide (CIGS) battery is 0.25-0.35.

[0019] Optionally, the copper indium gallium selenide (CIGS) battery includes a back electrode, a CIGS absorber layer, a buffer layer, and a third conductive layer stacked sequentially; the third conductive layer is located on the side of the back electrode away from the first substrate.

[0020] Optionally, the copper indium gallium selenide (CIGS) cell includes multiple CIGS sub-cells; each CIGS sub-cell includes a first trench, a second trench, and a third trench spaced apart.

[0021] The first trench penetrates the back electrode, and a copper indium gallium selenide (CIGS) absorber layer is disposed within the first trench; the second trench penetrates the CIGS absorber layer and the buffer layer, and a third conductive material layer is disposed within the second trench; the third trench penetrates the CIGS absorber layer, the buffer layer, and the third conductive layer, and a light-transmitting insulating material layer is disposed within the third trench.

[0022] The solar cell module provided in this embodiment includes: a first substrate, a thin-film battery, a light-transmitting insulating layer, a perovskite battery, and a second substrate stacked sequentially; the thin-film battery and the perovskite battery are connected in parallel, and the voltage difference between the thin-film battery and the perovskite battery is less than 10% of the voltage of the perovskite battery. The solar cell module has a two-end output structure. The thin-film battery and the perovskite battery are stacked in parallel with voltage matching, which can improve the yield and reliability of the packaged product and reduce the various concerns about cutting silicon cells into small cells.

[0023] It should be understood that the description in this section is not intended to identify key or essential features of the embodiments of this utility model, nor is it intended to limit the scope of this utility model. Other features of this utility model will become readily apparent from the following description. Attached Figure Description

[0024] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of this utility model, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of this utility model. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0025] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a solar cell module provided in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0026] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of another solar cell module provided in this embodiment of the present invention.

[0027] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of another solar cell module provided in this embodiment of the present invention.

[0028] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of another solar cell module provided in this embodiment of the present invention.

[0029] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of another solar cell module provided in this embodiment of the present invention. Detailed Implementation

[0030] To enable those skilled in the art to better understand the present invention, the technical solutions of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings of the embodiments. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort should fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

[0031] It should be noted that the terms "first," "second," etc., used in this utility model are used to distinguish similar objects and are not necessarily used to describe a specific order or sequence. It should be understood that such data can be interchanged where appropriate so that the embodiments of the utility model described herein can be implemented in orders other than those illustrated or described herein. Furthermore, the terms "comprising" and "having," and any variations thereof, are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion; for example, a process, method, system, product, or apparatus that comprises a series of steps or units is not necessarily limited to those steps or units explicitly listed, but may include other steps or units not explicitly listed or inherent to such processes, methods, products, or apparatus.

[0032] This utility model provides a solar cell module. Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a solar cell module provided in an embodiment of this utility model, for reference. Figure 1 The solar cell module includes: a first substrate 10, a thin-film cell 20, a light-transmitting insulating layer 30, a perovskite cell 40, and a second substrate 50, which are stacked in sequence; the thin-film cell 20 and the perovskite cell 40 are connected in parallel, and the voltage difference between the thin-film cell 20 and the perovskite cell 40 is less than 10% of the voltage of the perovskite cell 40; the solar cell module has a two-end output structure.

[0033] In this design, both the first substrate 10 and the second substrate 50 are glass substrates. The light-transmitting insulating layer 30 can be a thermoplastic film, such as a polyolefin elastomer (POE) film, and it possesses excellent electrical insulation properties, effectively isolating the thin-film battery 20 and the perovskite battery 40, allowing them to be connected in parallel. The thin-film battery 20 serves as the bottom cell, and can be any one of copper indium gallium selenide (CIGS), organic light-emitting material (OLED) batteries, or perovskite batteries. For example, the thin-film battery 20 can be a CIGS battery with a maximum efficiency of nearly 24%, while the perovskite battery 40 serves as the top cell with a maximum efficiency of 26.1%. Although the maximum efficiency of the thin-film battery 20 differs slightly from that of the perovskite battery 40, it is sufficient to contribute significantly to the efficiency of the bottom cell. The perovskite battery 40 and the thin-film battery 20 are encapsulated with equal areas, with the perovskite battery 40 acting as the incident light receiving layer and the thin-film battery 20 as the bottom encapsulation layer. Only one layer of the light-transmitting insulating layer 30 is used in between during encapsulation, and the two types of batteries complement each other in the encapsulation of the module.

[0034] Specifically, the voltage difference between the thin-film battery 20 and the perovskite battery 40 is less than 10% of the voltage of the perovskite battery 40. Compared to using silicon batteries as the bottom cell, this avoids the need to use battery cells of 6 or 7 sizes or smaller to achieve a voltage value similar to that of perovskite batteries in series. It also avoids the significant efficiency loss during the cutting process of crystalline silicon cells, which can lead to poor welding, microcracks, and low yield of subsequent small battery cells. In the development of two-terminal perovskite-crystalline silicon tandem solar cells with silicon wafer specifications, this structure is equivalent to a series connection. The main issue to consider is the limited magnitude of the short-circuit current of the entire battery. Matching the short-circuit current of the two types of batteries requires matching their band gaps to achieve balance, which is a complex process with a narrow matching window. However, in this embodiment, the thin-film battery 20 and the perovskite battery 40 are connected in parallel, which avoids the above-mentioned problems. In this invention, the thin-film battery 20 is the bottom battery and the perovskite battery 40 is the top battery. The thin-film battery 20 and the perovskite battery 40 are stacked in parallel with voltage matching, which can improve the yield and reliability of the packaged products and reduce the various concerns about cutting silicon batteries into small pieces.

[0035] The solar cell module provided in this embodiment includes: a first substrate 10, a thin-film battery 20, a light-transmitting insulating layer 30, a perovskite battery 40, and a second substrate 50, which are stacked sequentially. The thin-film battery 20 and the perovskite battery 40 are connected in parallel, and the voltage difference between the thin-film battery 20 and the perovskite battery 40 is less than 10% of the voltage of the perovskite battery 40. The solar cell module has a two-end output structure. The thin-film battery 20 and the perovskite battery 40 are stacked in parallel with voltage matching, which is simple in structure and can improve the yield and reliability of the packaged products, reducing the concerns about cutting silicon cells into small cells.

[0036] Optional, Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of another solar cell module provided in this embodiment of the present invention, for reference. Figure 2 The solar cell module also includes a junction box 60, which is located on the side of the first substrate 10 away from the thin-film cell 20 and is electrically connected to the thin-film cell 20 and the perovskite cell 40.

[0037] The thin-film battery 20 includes an input terminal and an output terminal, the perovskite battery 40 includes an input terminal and an output terminal, and the junction box 60 has four input ports and two output ports. The two input ports and two output ports are connected to the junction box 60, and the output is made through the two ports of the junction box 60. This makes the solar cell module lead out from two terminals, which can avoid the situation where the subsequent system needs to be configured separately, which is complicated in engineering implementation, costly, and not conducive to practical application when using four-terminal lead-out.

[0038] Optional, Figure 3This is a schematic diagram of another solar cell module provided in this embodiment of the present invention, for reference. Figure 3 The junction box 60 includes a reverse charging diode 61 and an optimizer chip 62. The reverse charging diode 61 and the optimizer chip 62 are located inside the junction box 60, and the reverse charging diode 61 is electrically connected to the optimizer chip 62.

[0039] Among them, the anti-reverse charging diode can prevent reverse charging of the thin-film battery 20 and the perovskite battery 40 due to voltage differences; a custom optimizer chip 62 is built into the junction box 60 to fine-tune the voltage matching of the thin-film battery 20 and the perovskite battery 40 and maintain the stability of the component output.

[0040] Optionally, the thin-film battery includes any one of copper indium gallium selenide (CIGS) batteries, organic light-emitting material (OLED) batteries, and perovskite batteries.

[0041] Among them, copper indium gallium selenide (CIGS) batteries, organic light-emitting material (OLED) batteries, and perovskite batteries can all achieve a voltage difference of less than 10% with perovskite batteries, thereby improving the yield and reliability of packaged products and reducing various concerns about cutting silicon batteries into small chips.

[0042] Optional, Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of another solar cell module provided in this embodiment of the present invention, for reference. Figure 4 The perovskite solar cell 40 includes a first conductive layer 41, a first carrier transport layer 42, a perovskite absorber layer 43, a second carrier transport layer 44, and a second conductive layer 45 stacked sequentially; the first conductive layer 41 is located on the side of the second conductive layer 45 away from the second substrate 50.

[0043] In this configuration, the perovskite solar cell 40 is a top-mounted cell; both the first conductive layer 41 and the second conductive layer 45 can be transparent conductive films (TCOs), and the materials of the first conductive layer 41 and the second conductive layer 45 include, but are not limited to, transparent materials with equivalent functions such as fluorine-doped tin oxide (FTO), indium tin oxide (ITO), and indium tungsten oxide-doped indium oxide (IWO); when the first carrier transport layer 42 is a hole transport layer, the second carrier transport layer 44 is an electron transport layer; when the first carrier transport layer 42 is an electron transport layer, the second carrier transport layer 44 is an electron transport layer. The transport layer 44 is a hole transport layer; the perovskite absorber layer 43 has structures including, but not limited to, MAPbI3, MAxCs1-xPbI3, MAxFAyCs1-x-yPbI3, MAxFA1-xPbI3-aBra, MAxFA1-xPbI3-bClb, and MAxFA1-xPbBr3-cClc, where x and y range from 0 to 1, and a, b, and c range from 0 to 3; wherein, the structural formula of MA is CH3NH3+, and the structural formula of FA is CH(NH2)2+. Light enters the cell through the second substrate 50, passes through the second conductive layer 45, and finally exits from the first conductive layer 41. The top cell is a perovskite cell 40, and the bottom cell is a thin-film cell 20. Using different types of cells in parallel and stacking them through voltage matching can improve light utilization.

[0044] When the first carrier transport layer is a hole transport layer, the second carrier transport layer is an electron transport layer; when the first carrier transport layer is an electron transport layer, the second carrier transport layer is a hole transport layer.

[0045] The above conditions can classify perovskite solar cells into upright or inverted structures. In this embodiment of the invention, no specific restrictions are imposed, and the cells can be fabricated according to specific requirements.

[0046] Optional, Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of another solar cell module provided in this embodiment of the present invention, for reference. Figure 5 The perovskite solar cell 40 includes a plurality of perovskite sub-cells 401, each perovskite sub-cell 401 including a fourth trench 04, a fifth trench 05 and a sixth trench 06 arranged at intervals.

[0047] The fourth trench 04 penetrates the second conductive layer 45 and the second carrier transport layer 44, and a perovskite absorbing material layer 431 is disposed within the fourth trench 04; the fifth trench 05 penetrates the first carrier transport layer 42, the perovskite absorbing layer 43, and the second carrier transport layer 44, and a first conductive material layer 411 is disposed within the fifth trench 05; the sixth trench 06 penetrates the first carrier transport layer 42, the perovskite absorbing layer 43, the second carrier transport layer 44, and the first conductive layer 41, and a light-transmitting insulating material layer is disposed within the sixth trench 06.

[0048] The fourth trench 04, fifth trench 05, and sixth trench 06 can be formed using laser grooving or mechanical scribing. The fourth trench 04 is filled with a perovskite absorber material layer 431, which is formed simultaneously with the perovskite absorber layer 43 using the same material. The fifth trench 05 is filled with a first conductive material layer 411, which is formed simultaneously with the first conductive layer 41 using the same material, allowing the first conductive layer 41 to contact and connect with the second conductive layer 45, acting as the battery's conductor. The sixth trench 06 is provided with a light-transmitting insulating material layer 31, which is formed simultaneously with the light-transmitting insulating layer 30 using the same material. After the above configuration, multiple perovskite sub-cells 401 form a series sub-cell, and these sub-cells form a large-area solar panel through this internal series structure. During encapsulation, the light-transmitting insulating layer 30 is filled within the sixth trench 06, isolating and protecting each perovskite sub-cell 401.

[0049] This utility model embodiment further provides a solar cell module based on the above embodiments, see reference. Figure 4 The solar cell module includes: a first substrate 10, a copper indium gallium selenide (CIGS) cell 70, a light-transmitting insulating film 30, a perovskite cell 40, and a second substrate 50, which are stacked in sequence; the CIGS cell 70 and the perovskite cell 40 are connected in parallel, and the voltage difference between the CIGS cell 70 and the perovskite cell 40 is less than 10% of the voltage of the perovskite cell; the solar cell module has a two-end output structure.

[0050] The difference between this embodiment and the above embodiments is that the thin-film battery is a copper indium gallium selenide (CIGS) battery 70. Compared with other thin-film batteries, CIGS battery 70 has the advantage of being easier to adjust.

[0051] Optional, see reference Figure 4 In copper indium gallium selenide (CIGS) batteries, the ratio of gallium component to gallium and indium components is 0.25-0.35.

[0052] Among them, the perovskite cell 40 is a semi-transparent perovskite cell, with a preferred band gap of 1.5 to 1.9 EV; the gallium component and the sum of the gallium and indium components can be represented by Ga / (Ga+In). By setting the range of Ga / (Ga+In) to 0.25 to 0.35, a copper indium gallium selenide cell 70 with a band gap of 1.0 to 1.3 eV can be obtained, thereby improving the photoelectric conversion efficiency of the solar cell module.

[0053] Optional, see reference Figure 4 The copper indium gallium selenide (CIGS) battery 70 includes a back electrode 21, a CIGS absorption layer 22, a buffer layer 23, and a third conductive layer 24 stacked sequentially; the third conductive layer 24 is located on the side of the back electrode 21 away from the first substrate 10.

[0054] The third conductive layer 24 can be a semi-transparent electrode layer; for example, it can be a transparent conductive film (TCO). The buffer layer 23 can be made of cadmium sulfide (CdS). CdS, as an n-type direct bandgap semiconductor material, has a bandgap of 2.43 eV and good transmittance in the visible light range, making it suitable as a buffer layer for solar cells. The back electrode 21 can be a metal electrode; for example, it can be a molybdenum (Mo) electrode. Since the back electrode 21 is opaque, the incident light from the cell enters through the third conductive layer 24, passes through the buffer layer 23, and is absorbed by the copper indium gallium selenide (CIGS) absorption layer 22. The remaining light is reflected back to the absorption layer multiple times by the back electrode 21, which improves light utilization and further enhances photoelectric conversion efficiency. The bottom cell uses a copper indium gallium selenide cell 70, which, compared to using a silicon cell as the bottom cell, reduces the concerns associated with cutting silicon cells into small segments and offers the advantage of easier adjustment.

[0055] Optional, see reference Figure 4 The back electrode 21 is a metal layer.

[0056] The back electrode 21 is a metal layer, for example, a molybdenum (Mo) electrode. Since the back electrode 21 is opaque, when the incident light enters from the third conductive layer 24, it passes through the buffer layer 23 and is absorbed by the copper indium gallium selenide (CIGS) absorption layer 22. The remaining light is reflected back to the absorption layer multiple times by the back electrode 21, which can improve the light utilization rate and further improve the photoelectric conversion efficiency.

[0057] Optional, see reference Figure 5 The copper indium gallium selenide (CIGS) battery 70 includes a plurality of CIGS sub-cells 201; each CIGS sub-cell 201 includes a first trench 01, a second trench 02 and a third trench 03 spaced apart.

[0058] The first trench 01 penetrates the back electrode 21, and a copper indium gallium selenide (CIGS) absorber layer 221 is disposed within the first trench 01; the second trench 02 penetrates the CIGS absorber layer 22 and the buffer layer 23, and a third conductive material layer 241 is disposed within the second trench 02; the third trench 03 penetrates the CIGS absorber layer 22, the buffer layer 23 and the third conductive layer 24, and a light-transmitting insulating material layer 31 is disposed within the third trench 03.

[0059] The first trench 01, the second trench 02, and the third trench 03 can be formed using laser grooving or mechanical scribing. The first trench 01 is filled with a copper indium gallium selenide (CIGS) absorber layer 221, which is formed simultaneously with the CIGS absorber layer using the same material. The second trench 02 is filled with a third conductive material layer 241, which is formed simultaneously with the third conductive layer 24 using the same material, allowing the third conductive layer 24 to contact and connect with the back electrode, acting as a conductor for the battery. The third trench 03 is provided with a light-transmitting insulating material layer 31, which is formed simultaneously with the light-transmitting insulating layer 30 using the same material. After the above configuration, multiple CIGS sub-cells 201 form a series sub-cell, and these sub-cells form a large-area battery panel through this internal series structure. During encapsulation, the light-transmitting insulating layer 30 is filled within the third trench 03, isolating and protecting each CIGS sub-cell 201. When the thin-film battery is an organic light-emitting material battery or a perovskite battery, it can also be formed by connecting sub-cells in series.

[0060] Optionally, the solar cell module is a tandem solar cell module with two ends.

[0061] Among them, the solar cell module is a two-end stacked solar cell module with a two-end output structure, which can avoid the situation where subsequent systems with four leads need to be configured separately, which is complicated in engineering implementation, costly, and not conducive to practical application.

[0062] It should be understood that the various forms of the process shown above can be used, with steps reordered, added, or deleted. For example, the steps described in this utility model can be executed in parallel, sequentially, or in different orders, as long as the desired result of the technical solution of this utility model can be achieved, and this is not limited herein.

[0063] The specific embodiments described above do not constitute a limitation on the scope of protection of this utility model. Those skilled in the art should understand that various modifications, combinations, sub-combinations, and substitutions can be made according to design requirements and other factors. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, and improvements made within the spirit and principles of this utility model should be included within the scope of protection of this utility model.

Claims

1. A solar cell module, characterized in that, include: A first substrate, a thin-film battery, a light-transmitting insulating layer, a perovskite battery, and a second substrate are sequentially stacked; the thin-film battery and the perovskite battery are connected in parallel, and the voltage difference between the thin-film battery and the perovskite battery is less than 10% of the voltage of the perovskite battery; The solar cell module has a two-end output structure.

2. The solar cell module according to claim 1, characterized in that, Also includes: A junction box is located on the side of the first substrate away from the thin-film battery, and the junction box is electrically connected to the thin-film battery and the perovskite battery.

3. The solar cell module according to claim 2, characterized in that: The junction box includes a reverse charging protection diode and an optimizer chip. The reverse charging protection diode and the optimizer chip are located inside the junction box, and the reverse charging protection diode is electrically connected to the optimizer chip.

4. The solar cell module according to claim 1, characterized in that: The thin-film battery includes any one of copper indium gallium selenide (CIGS) batteries, organic light-emitting material (OLED) batteries, and perovskite batteries.

5. The solar cell module according to claim 1, characterized in that: The perovskite solar cell includes a first conductive layer, a first carrier transport layer, a perovskite absorber layer, a second carrier transport layer, and a second conductive layer stacked sequentially; the second conductive layer is located on the side of the first conductive layer away from the second substrate.

6. The solar cell module according to claim 5, characterized in that: The perovskite solar cell includes multiple perovskite sub-cells, and each perovskite sub-cell includes a fourth trench, a fifth trench, and a sixth trench arranged at intervals. The fourth trench penetrates the second conductive layer and the second carrier transport layer, and a perovskite absorber material layer is disposed in the fourth trench. The fifth trench penetrates the first carrier transport layer, the perovskite absorption layer, and the second carrier transport layer, and a first conductive material layer is disposed within the fifth trench; The sixth trench penetrates the first carrier transport layer, the perovskite absorption layer, the second carrier transport layer, and the first conductive layer, and the sixth trench is provided with a light-transmitting insulating material layer.

7. A solar cell module, characterized in that, include: A first substrate, a copper indium gallium selenide (CIGS) cell, a transparent insulating film, a perovskite cell, and a second substrate are sequentially stacked; the CIGS cell and the perovskite cell are connected in parallel, and the voltage difference between the CIGS cell and the perovskite cell is less than 10% of the voltage of the perovskite cell. The solar cell module has a two-end output structure.

8. The solar cell module according to claim 7, characterized in that: The copper indium gallium selenide (CIGS) battery is a CIGS battery with a band gap of 1.0~1.3eV.

9. The solar cell module according to claim 7, characterized in that: The copper indium gallium selenide (CIGS) battery includes a back electrode, a CIGS absorber layer, a buffer layer, and a third conductive layer stacked sequentially; the third conductive layer is located on the side of the back electrode away from the first substrate.

10. The solar cell module according to claim 9, characterized in that: The copper indium gallium selenide (CIGS) battery includes multiple CIGS sub-cells; each CIGS sub-cell includes a first trench, a second trench, and a third trench spaced apart. The first trench penetrates the back electrode, and a copper indium gallium selenide (CIGS) absorbing material layer is disposed within the first trench; the second trench penetrates the CIGS absorbing layer and the buffer layer, and a third conductive material layer is disposed within the second trench; the third trench penetrates the CIGS absorbing layer, the buffer layer, and the third conductive layer, and a light-transmitting insulating material layer is disposed within the third trench.

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