Active protection circuit for external short circuit of battery protection board and battery protection board

Abstract

The utility model belongs to the technical field of battery protection boards, and particularly discloses a battery protection board external short circuit active protection circuit and a battery protection board, the battery protection board external short circuit active protection circuit comprises an active protection module connected with a battery, the active protection module comprises a control chip X1, a double MOS tube group and a filter circuit, according to the utility model, through cooperation of the control chip X1, the double-MOS tube group and the filter circuit, the filter circuit is utilized to filter the control chip X1, the influence of external interference signals on the control chip X1 is reduced, and the use of the double-MOS tube group effectively reduces a logic control unit to process control signals more efficiently, reduces unnecessary judgment conditions and state transition, and improves the reliability of the control chip X1. The debugging complexity and difficulty of the battery protection board are reduced, through the use of the anti-reverse-connection diode and the fuse FUSE, dual protection of anti-reverse-connection protection and overload protection is effectively carried out on the external short-circuit active protection circuit of the battery protection board, and the safety of the circuit is improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of battery protection board technology, specifically to an external short-circuit active protection circuit and a battery protection board. Background Technology

[0002] A battery protection board is a circuit board consisting of a set of integrated circuits and a battery interface. It is mainly used for monitoring and protecting batteries and is widely used in electronic devices such as electric vehicles, drones, and power banks.

[0003] For example, patent application number 202211717921.0 discloses an active protection method for external short circuits in a battery protection board and a battery protection board itself. When the battery is in its initial activation state, the battery protection board detects the external connection status through a pre-charging circuit. If the external connection is open, the discharge switch is actively disconnected until a normal external connection is detected, at which point the discharge switch is closed again to avoid the risk of an external short circuit caused by an abnormal external connection. When the battery is in operation, the magnitude of the discharge current determines whether active protection needs to be triggered. During active protection, the opening and closing of the active protection circuit connected in parallel between the discharge switch and the pre-charging circuit's connection point and the P-point is periodically controlled. A voltage output signal is generated based on the connection point of the discharge switch and the pre-charging circuit; the external connection status is determined based on the duty cycle in the output signal, and each switch is controlled according to the external connection status. Therefore, this invention solves the problem of internal fuses burning out and requiring repair due to external wiring harness short circuits.

[0004] However, since the above-mentioned power protection board effectively protects against external short circuits by using pre-charging logic, operating status detection logic, and multiple judgment conditions, this method involves multiple judgment conditions and state transitions, which increases the complexity and difficulty of debugging the battery protection board. Therefore, we need to propose an active protection circuit for external short circuits of the battery protection board and a battery protection board to solve the above-mentioned problems, so that it can process control signals more efficiently by reducing the number of logic control units, reducing unnecessary judgment conditions and state transitions, and reducing the complexity and difficulty of debugging the battery protection board. Utility Model Content

[0005] The purpose of this invention is to provide an external short-circuit active protection circuit and a battery protection board, which can process control signals more efficiently by reducing the number of logic control units, reducing unnecessary judgment conditions and state transitions, and reducing the complexity and difficulty of debugging the battery protection board, thereby solving the problems mentioned in the background art.

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, this utility model provides the following technical solution: an external short-circuit active protection circuit for a battery protection board, comprising an active protection module connected to the battery. The active protection module includes a control chip X1, a dual MOS transistor group, and a filter circuit. The dual MOS transistor group is connected between pins 1 and 3 of the control chip X1. One end of the filter circuit is connected to pin 5 of the control chip X1, and the other end of the filter circuit is connected to a reverse connection protection diode D3. The positive terminal of the reverse connection protection diode D3 is connected to the battery cell through a fuse FUSE. A monitoring circuit for monitoring the battery status is connected to pin 2 of the control chip X1.

[0007] Preferably, the filter circuit includes a resistor R1 and a capacitor C1 connected in series. The connection end of the resistor R1 and the capacitor C1 is connected to pin 5 of the control chip X1. The other end of the resistor R1 is connected to the negative terminal of the reverse polarity protection diode D3. The other end of the capacitor C1 is connected to the negative terminal of the battery cell. A resistor R2 is connected to pin 2 of the control chip X1. One end of the resistor R2 is connected to a capacitor C3. One end of the capacitor C3 is connected to the connection end of the reverse polarity protection diode D3 and the resistor R1. The connection end of the capacitor C3 and the resistor R2 is connected to one end of the dual MOSFET group.

[0008] Preferably, the dual MOSFET group includes MOSFET Q1 and MOSFET Q2. The gate of MOSFET Q1 is connected to pin 1 of control chip X1, and the gate of MOSFET Q2 is connected to pin 3 of control chip X1. A diode D1 is connected between the source and drain of MOSFET Q1, and a diode D2 is connected between the source and drain of MOSFET Q2. The drain of MOSFET Q1 is connected to the source of MOSFET Q2. The drain of MOSFET Q2 is connected to the connection terminal of capacitor C3 and resistor R2. The source of MOSFET Q1 and pin 6 of control chip X1 are both grounded.

[0009] Preferably, the monitoring circuit includes a thermistor NTC for monitoring battery temperature and a resistor R4 for detecting whether the battery is in place. One end of the thermistor NTC and one end of the resistor R4 are both connected to the connection terminal of the resistor R2 and the capacitor C3, and one end of the thermistor NTC and one end of the resistor R4 are both connected to the negative terminal of the battery.

[0010] Based on the above description of an external short-circuit active protection circuit for a battery protection board, this utility model also provides a battery protection board, which further includes a protection board body. The active protection module is located on the protection board body. A connection interface is provided on one side of the protection board body, and a protection mechanism is movably disposed on the connection interface. Support mechanisms that are movably disposed are installed at equal intervals along the edge of the protection board body.

[0011] Preferably, the protection mechanism includes an upper protection plate and a lower protection plate. The upper protection plate is sleeved on the upper end of the connection interface, and the lower end of the upper protection plate is snapped into the protection plate body. The lower protection plate is sleeved on the lower end of the connection interface, and the upper end of the lower protection plate is snapped into the upper protection plate.

[0012] Preferably, the lower protective plate is an inverted C-shaped structure consisting of a base plate and two second clamping plates. The second clamping plates are located at both ends of the base plate, and a clamping block is provided at the end of the second clamping plate away from the base plate. The lower protective plate is located at one end of the upper protective plate.

[0013] Preferably, the upper protective plate includes a horizontal plate, with L-shaped plates integrally formed at both ends of the horizontal plate. The two L-shaped plates are symmetrically arranged. A first locking plate is fixed to one end of the L-shaped plate. A buckle for engaging with the protective plate body is fixed to the lower end of the first locking plate. A notch for installing the lower protective plate is formed between the horizontal plate, the L-shaped plate, and the first locking plate.

[0014] Preferably, each of the support mechanisms includes a support block and an insert block fixed to the upper end of the support block, and the edge of the protective plate body is provided with a slot for inserting the insert block.

[0015] Preferably, mounting holes are provided at the four corners of the protective plate body, two positioning posts are fixed on both sides of the lower end of the connection interface, and positioning holes for the positioning posts to be inserted are provided on the protective plate body.

[0016] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of this utility model are:

[0017] 1. This utility model utilizes the combination of a control chip X1, a dual MOSFET group, and a filter circuit. The filter circuit filters the control chip X1, reducing the impact of external interference signals on the control chip X1. The use of the dual MOSFET group effectively reduces the number of logic control units to process control signals more efficiently, reduces unnecessary judgment conditions and state transitions, and lowers the complexity and difficulty of debugging the battery protection board. The use of reverse connection protection diodes and fuses effectively provides dual protection against reverse connection and overload for the external short circuit active protection circuit of the battery protection board, improving the safety of the circuit.

[0018] 2. By combining the protection mechanism with the connection interface, this utility model can improve the protection effect of the connection interface during plugging and unplugging, and reduce the damage to the solder joints caused by repeated plugging and unplugging.

[0019] 3. This utility model, through the cooperation of the support mechanism and the protective plate body, can install support mechanisms of different heights according to the actual installation requirements of the protective plate, so that there is a certain gap between the protective plate body and the mounting shell, which facilitates air circulation inside the protective plate body and increases the heat dissipation efficiency of the protective plate body. Attached Figure Description

[0020] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of this utility model;

[0021] Figure 2 This is a circuit diagram of the active protection module of this utility model;

[0022] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the exploded structure of this utility model;

[0023] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the upper protective plate, the protective plate body, the connecting interface, and the lower protective plate of this utility model.

[0024] In the diagram: 1. Protective plate body; 2. Active protection module; 3. Connection interface; 4. Protection mechanism; 41. Upper protective plate; 411. Horizontal plate; 412. L-plate; 413. First clamping plate; 42. Lower protective plate; 421. Base plate; 422. Second clamping plate; 5. Support mechanism; 51. Support block; 52. Insertion block; 53. Slot; 6. Mounting hole; 7. Positioning post; 8. Positioning hole. Detailed Implementation

[0025] The technical solutions of the present utility model will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings of the embodiments. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present utility model, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present utility model, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative effort are within the protection scope of the present utility model.

[0026] Please see Figure 2 This utility model provides a technical solution: an external short-circuit active protection circuit for a battery protection board; including an active protection module 2 connected to the battery. The active protection module 2 includes a control chip X1, a dual MOSFET group, and a filter circuit. The dual MOSFET group is connected between pins 1 and 3 of the control chip X1. One end of the filter circuit is connected to pin 5 of the control chip X1, and the other end of the filter circuit is connected to a reverse connection protection diode D3. The positive terminal of the reverse connection protection diode D3 is connected to the battery cell through a fuse FUSE. A monitoring circuit for monitoring the battery status is connected to pin 2 of the control chip X1. By using the reverse connection protection diode and the fuse FUSE, the external short-circuit active protection circuit of the battery protection board is effectively protected against both reverse connection and overload, improving the safety of the circuit.

[0027] The filtering circuit includes a resistor R1 and a capacitor C1 connected in series. The connection between resistor R1 and capacitor C1 is connected to pin 5 of the control chip X1. The other end of resistor R1 is connected to the negative terminal of the reverse polarity protection diode D3. The other end of capacitor C1 is connected to the negative terminal of the battery cell. A resistor R2 is connected to pin 2 of the control chip X1. One end of resistor R2 is connected to capacitor C3. One end of capacitor C3 is connected to the connection between the reverse polarity protection diode D3 and resistor R1. The connection between capacitor C3 and resistor R2 is connected to one end of the dual MOSFET group. The input and output signals of the control chip X1 are filtered by capacitors C1 and C3 to reduce the influence of external interference signals on the control chip X1.

[0028] The dual MOSFET group includes MOSFETs Q1 and Q2. The gate of MOSFET Q1 is connected to pin 1 of the control chip X1, and the gate of MOSFET Q2 is connected to pin 3 of the control chip X1. A diode D1 is connected between the source and drain of MOSFET Q1, and a diode D2 is connected between the source and drain of MOSFET Q2. The drain of MOSFET Q1 is connected to the source of MOSFET Q2. The drain of MOSFET Q2 is connected to the junction of capacitor C3 and resistor R2. The source of MOSFET Q1 and pin 6 of the control chip X1 are both grounded. The dual MOSFET group composed of MOSFETs Q1 and Q2 effectively reduces the number of logic control units to process control signals more efficiently, reduces unnecessary judgment conditions and state transitions, and reduces the complexity and difficulty of debugging the battery protection board.

[0029] The monitoring circuit includes a thermistor NTC for monitoring battery temperature and a resistor R4 for detecting whether the battery is in place. One end of the thermistor NTC and one end of the resistor R4 are both connected to the connection terminal of the resistor R2 and the capacitor C3. Both the thermistor NTC and one end of the resistor R4 are connected to the negative terminal of the battery. The thermistor NTC is used to monitor the battery temperature, and the resistor R4 is used to detect whether the battery is in place, so as to facilitate real-time monitoring and management of the battery status.

[0030] Based on the above description of an external short-circuit active protection circuit for a battery protection board, this utility model also provides a battery protection board, such as... Figure 1 , Figure 3-4As shown, it also includes a protection board body 1, an active protection module 2 located on the protection board body 1, a connection interface 3 provided on one side of the protection board body 1, a protection mechanism 4 movably provided on the connection interface 3, and support mechanisms 5 movably installed at equal intervals along the edge of the protection board body 1. Through the cooperation of the protection mechanism 4 and the connection interface 3, the protection effect of the connection interface 3 during insertion and removal can be improved, and the damage to the solder joints of the connection interface 3 caused by repeated insertion and removal can be reduced. Through the cooperation of the support mechanism 5 and the protection board body 1, support mechanisms 5 of different heights can be installed according to the actual protection board installation requirements, so that there is a certain gap between the protection board body 1 and the mounting shell, which facilitates air circulation inside the protection board body 1 and increases the heat dissipation efficiency of the protection board body 1.

[0031] The protection mechanism 4 includes an upper protection plate 41 and a lower protection plate 42. The upper protection plate 41 is sleeved on the upper end of the connection interface 3, and the lower end of the upper protection plate 41 is snapped into the protection plate body 1. The lower protection plate 42 is sleeved on the lower end of the connection interface 3, and the upper end of the lower protection plate 42 is snapped into the upper protection plate 41. During installation, the upper protection plate 41 is snapped into the protection plate body 1, and the lower protection plate 42 is snapped into the upper protection plate 41. The upper protection plate 41 and the lower protection plate 42 are used to wrap the connection interface 3 to increase the connection force between the connection interface 3 and the protection plate body 1 and reduce the solder joint cracks that occur in the connection interface 3 after repeated insertion and removal.

[0032] The lower protective plate 42 is an inverted C-shaped structure consisting of a base plate 421 and two second clamping plates 422. The second clamping plates 422 are located at both ends of the base plate 421, and a clamping block is provided at the end of the second clamping plate 422 away from the base plate 421. The lower protective plate 42 is located at one end of the upper protective plate 41, so that the lower protective plate 42 can wrap around the lower end of the connection interface 3 and be movably clamped with the upper protective plate 41, thereby improving the ease of installation of the lower protective plate 42.

[0033] The upper protective plate 41 includes a horizontal plate 411, with L-shaped plates 412 integrally formed at both ends of the horizontal plate 411. The two L-shaped plates 412 are symmetrically arranged. A first locking plate 413 is fixed to one end of the L-shaped plate 412. A buckle for engaging with the protective plate body 1 is fixed to the lower end of the first locking plate 413. A notch for installing the lower protective plate 42 is formed between the horizontal plate 411, the L-shaped plate, and the first locking plate 413, so that the upper protective plate 41 can cover the upper side of the connecting interface 3, and the lower end of the first locking plate 413 can be movably engaged with the protective plate body 1, improving the ease of installation of the upper protective plate 41.

[0034] Each support mechanism 5 includes a support block 51 and an insert block 52 fixed to the upper end of the support block 51. The edge of the protective plate body 1 is provided with a slot 53 for inserting the insert block 52. During installation, simply select the support mechanism 5 with different height support blocks 51 according to the installation requirements, and insert the insert block 52 of the support mechanism 5 into the slot 53. At this time, the support block 51 is located below the protective plate body 1 to support the protective plate body 1, so that there is a gap between the support plate body and the installed housing. The gap is used to increase the efficiency of air circulation inside the protective plate body 1, and to a certain extent improve the heat dissipation rate of the protective plate body 1.

[0035] Mounting holes 6 are provided at the four corners of the protective plate body 1. The mounting holes 6 facilitate the installation of the protective plate body into the housing to be installed using screws, thereby improving the ease of installation of the protective plate body 1. Two positioning posts 7 are fixed on both sides of the lower end of the connection interface 3. Positioning holes 8 are provided on the protective plate body 1 for the positioning posts 7 to be inserted. The cooperation between the positioning posts 7 and the positioning holes 8 facilitates the improvement of the positioning accuracy when welding the connection interface 3.

[0036] Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made to these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the present invention, the scope of which is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. An external short-circuit active protection circuit for a battery protection board, comprising an active protection module (2) connected to the battery, characterized in that: The active protection module (2) includes a control chip X1, a dual MOS transistor group, and a filter circuit. The dual MOS transistor group is connected between pins 1 and 3 of the control chip X1. One end of the filter circuit is connected to pin 5 of the control chip X1. The other end of the filter circuit is connected to a reverse connection protection diode D3. The positive terminal of the reverse connection protection diode D3 is connected to the battery cell through a fuse FUSE. A monitoring circuit for monitoring the battery status is connected to pin 2 of the control chip X1.

2. The active short-circuit protection circuit for a battery protection board according to claim 1, characterized in that: The filtering circuit includes a resistor R1 and a capacitor C1 connected in series. The connection end of the resistor R1 and the capacitor C1 is connected to pin 5 of the control chip X1. The other end of the resistor R1 is connected to the negative terminal of the reverse polarity protection diode D3. The other end of the capacitor C1 is connected to the negative terminal of the battery cell. A resistor R2 is connected to pin 2 of the control chip X1. One end of the resistor R2 is connected to a capacitor C3. One end of the capacitor C3 is connected to the connection end of the reverse polarity protection diode D3 and the resistor R1. The connection end of the capacitor C3 and the resistor R2 is connected to one end of the dual MOSFET group.

3. The active short-circuit protection circuit for a battery protection board according to claim 2, characterized in that: The dual MOSFET group includes MOSFET Q1 and MOSFET Q2. The gate of MOSFET Q1 is connected to pin 1 of control chip X1, and the gate of MOSFET Q2 is connected to pin 3 of control chip X1. A diode D1 is connected between the source and drain of MOSFET Q1, and a diode D2 is connected between the source and drain of MOSFET Q2. The drain of MOSFET Q1 is connected to the source of MOSFET Q2. The drain of MOSFET Q2 is connected to the junction of capacitor C3 and resistor R2. The source of MOSFET Q1 and pin 6 of control chip X1 are both grounded.

4. The active short-circuit protection circuit for a battery protection board according to claim 3, characterized in that: The monitoring circuit includes a thermistor NTC for monitoring battery temperature and a resistor R4 for detecting whether the battery is in place. One end of the thermistor NTC and one end of the resistor R4 are both connected to the connection terminal of the resistor R2 and the capacitor C3, and one end of the thermistor NTC and one end of the resistor R4 are both connected to the negative terminal of the battery.

5. A battery protection board, comprising an external short-circuit active protection circuit as described in any one of claims 1-4, characterized in that: It also includes a protective plate body (1), the active protection module (2) is located on the protective plate body (1), a connection interface (3) is provided on one side of the protective plate body (1), a protective mechanism (4) is movably provided on the connection interface (3), and a support mechanism (5) is movably installed at equal intervals on the edge of the protective plate body (1).

6. A battery protection board according to claim 5, characterized in that: The protection mechanism (4) includes an upper protection plate (41) and a lower protection plate (42). The upper protection plate (41) is sleeved on the upper end of the connection interface (3), and the lower end of the upper protection plate (41) is snapped into the protection plate body (1). The lower protection plate (42) is sleeved on the lower end of the connection interface (3), and the upper end of the lower protection plate (42) is snapped into the upper protection plate (41).

7. A battery protection board according to claim 6, characterized in that: The lower protective plate (42) is an inverted C-shaped structure consisting of a base plate (421) and two second clamping plates (422). The second clamping plates (422) are located at both ends of the base plate (421), and a clamping block is provided at the end of the second clamping plate (422) away from the base plate (421). The lower protective plate (42) is located at one end of the upper protective plate (41).

8. A battery protection board according to claim 6, characterized in that: The upper protective plate (41) includes a horizontal plate (411), and L-shaped plates (412) are integrally formed at both ends of the horizontal plate (411). The two L-shaped plates (412) are symmetrically arranged. A first clip (413) is fixed at one end of the L-shaped plate (412). A buckle for engaging with the protective plate body (1) is fixed at the lower end of the first clip (413). A notch for installing the lower protective plate (42) is formed between the horizontal plate (411), the L-shaped plate, and the first clip (413).

9. A battery protection board according to claim 8, characterized in that: Each of the support mechanisms (5) includes a support block (51) and an insert block (52) fixed to the upper end of the support block (51). The edge of the protective plate body (1) is provided with a slot (53) for inserting the insert block (52).

10. A battery protection board according to claim 9, characterized in that: The protective plate body (1) has mounting holes (6) at its four corners. The lower end of the connection interface (3) has two positioning posts (7) fixed on both sides. The protective plate body (1) has positioning holes (8) for the positioning posts (7) to be inserted.

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