Charging pile power supply circuit based on super capacitor

Abstract

The utility model provides a charging pile power supply circuit based on a super capacitor, and the circuit comprises a relay which has one end coupled with an external power supply and the other end coupled with a charging plug, and is used for controlling the on-off of a power supply of the charging plug; the input end of the power supply conversion unit is coupled with the input end of an external power supply, and the output end is coupled with the charging and discharging unit for converting the external power supply into a 12V direct-current power supply; the charging and discharging unit is respectively coupled with the power supply conversion unit and the super capacitor, is coupled with the control module through a linear voltage regulator, and is used for charging or discharging the super capacitor; the control module is coupled with the relay and is used for outputting a control signal to control opening and closing of the relay; and the super capacitor is used for charging through the charging and discharging unit when the external power supply is switched on and discharging through the charging and discharging unit to supply power to the control module when the external power supply is switched off. According to the utility model, the super capacitor is used as a standby power supply, and transient power supply can be carried out when the main power supply fails and is powered off until the system responds and sends out alarm information.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of charging pile technology, specifically to a charging pile power supply circuit based on a supercapacitor. Background Technology

[0002] Charging piles, as charging equipment for electric vehicles, enable the safe transmission of electricity from the power grid to the vehicles. During use, charging piles inevitably encounter various malfunctions, such as sudden power outages, insulation failures causing leakage protection circuit breaker tripping, and water leakage leading to power outages. A typical charging pile control system includes an auxiliary power stage, an energy metering unit, AC and DC residual current detectors, an isolation monitoring unit, relays (with drive functions), data upload to a cloud platform, and a user interface. If the input power suddenly fails, the entire system will be unable to issue any alarm information, data cannot be uploaded to the cloud platform, and the system will be offline and highly susceptible to data loss. The inability of the equipment to upload alarm information to the cloud platform in a timely manner will prevent operators from performing timely repairs, resulting in significant losses. Therefore, a backup power supply is needed to briefly maintain the operation of the charging pile control system when the power supply is interrupted, promptly send fault information to the platform, and generate alarm messages to notify the operator. Simultaneously, the system actively disconnects relays to avoid risks such as battery damage, electrical short circuits, or fires.

[0003] The most common backup power source in current technology is the battery. As an emergency power supply system, batteries have advantages such as high energy density, long lifespan, and environmental friendliness. However, they are relatively expensive and pose significant safety risks. During charging and discharging, batteries may experience safety risks such as overheating and short circuits. Moreover, their performance and lifespan will decrease under extreme temperatures. Utility Model Content

[0004] Based on the above background, this utility model provides a charging pile power supply circuit based on a supercapacitor. Using a supercapacitor as a backup power source, the charging pile control system can provide temporary power when the main power supply fails, until the system reacts and issues an alarm. The specific technical solution adopted is as follows:

[0005] A power supply circuit for a charging pile based on a supercapacitor includes:

[0006] A relay, with one end coupled to an external power source and the other end coupled to a charging plug, is used to control the power supply to the charging plug.

[0007] The power conversion unit has its input terminal coupled to the external power input terminal and its output terminal coupled to the charging and discharging unit, and is used to convert the external power supply into 12V DC power.

[0008] The charging and discharging unit is coupled to the power conversion unit and the supercapacitor respectively, and is coupled to the control module via a linear regulator, and is used to charge or discharge the supercapacitor.

[0009] A control module, coupled to the relay, is used to output control signals to control the opening and closing of the relay;

[0010] And, supercapacitors, which are used to charge through the charging and discharging unit when the external power is connected, and to discharge through the charging and discharging unit to power the control module when the external power is disconnected.

[0011] Furthermore, it also includes a current detector, the input of which is coupled to the input of an external power supply and the output of which is coupled to a control module. The control module is also used to detect the voltage of the external power supply through the current detector and send a power disconnection message to the external device when the external power supply is disconnected.

[0012] Furthermore, the charging and discharging unit includes a bidirectional buck-boost converter. The input voltage pin of the bidirectional buck-boost converter is coupled to the output terminal of the power conversion unit, the output voltage pin is coupled to the control module via a linear regulator, the supercapacitor pin is coupled to the supercapacitor, and the switch pin is coupled to the supercapacitor via an inductor.

[0013] Furthermore, the supercapacitor is composed of multiple capacitors connected in parallel or in series.

[0014] Furthermore, the control module includes an MCU and a wireless communication unit, wherein the MCU sends information to external devices through the wireless communication unit.

[0015] The beneficial effects of this utility model are as follows:

[0016] This invention provides a low-cost, compact power supply circuit for charging piles. It uses a supercapacitor as a backup power source, combined with a bidirectional buck-boost converter to form a novel backup power supply system. In the event of a main power failure, the supercapacitor can provide up to 5W of power during energy release, maintaining power supply capability for more than 2 seconds. This allows the main control system time to report the fault information to the cloud platform and disconnect the relay to save data status (such as billing information). Because the supercapacitor can discharge to 0V, it typically does not require trickle charging or pre-charging during charging, does not require charging termination, and can be continuously charged to full capacity before automatically stopping charging. This eliminates the need for excessive charging protection settings, significantly reducing the cost and improving the efficiency of the charging pile power supply circuit design. Attached Figure Description

[0017] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the circuit composition of an embodiment of the charging pile power supply circuit based on supercapacitor of this utility model.

[0018] Figure 2 This is a circuit diagram of the charging and discharging unit in an embodiment of the supercapacitor-based charging pile power supply circuit of this utility model.

[0019] Figures 3(a) and 3(b) are schematic diagrams of the charging and discharging current flow in an embodiment of the supercapacitor-based charging pile power supply circuit of this utility model. Detailed Implementation

[0020] Embodiments of the present invention will now be described in more detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. While some embodiments of the present invention are shown in the drawings, it should be understood that the present invention can be implemented in various forms and should not be construed as limited to the embodiments set forth herein. Rather, these embodiments are provided to provide a more thorough and complete understanding of the present invention. It should be understood that the drawings and embodiments of the present invention are for illustrative purposes only and are not intended to limit the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0021] See Figure 1 This utility model provides a charging pile power supply circuit based on a supercapacitor, mainly focusing on providing a low-cost, small-size backup power system based on a supercapacitor, including:

[0022] A relay, one end of which is coupled to a 220V AC external power supply and the other end of which is coupled to a charging plug, is used to control the power supply to the charging plug.

[0023] The power conversion unit has its input terminal coupled to the external power input terminal and its output terminal coupled to the charging and discharging unit, and is used to convert the external power supply into 12V DC power.

[0024] The charging and discharging unit is coupled to the power conversion unit and the supercapacitor respectively, and is coupled to the control module via a linear regulator, and is used to charge or discharge the supercapacitor.

[0025] A control module, coupled to the relay, is used to output control signals to control the opening and closing of the relay;

[0026] And, supercapacitors, which are used to charge through the charging and discharging unit when the external power is connected, and to discharge through the charging and discharging unit to power the control module when the external power is disconnected.

[0027] As a further preferred embodiment, the charging pile power supply circuit also includes a current detector. The input terminal of the current detector is coupled to the external power input terminal, and the output terminal is coupled to the control module. Thus, the control module can also detect the external power voltage through the current detector and send power disconnection information to the external device when the external power is disconnected.

[0028] As a preferred embodiment, in this example, the power conversion unit is an AC / DC flyback switching power supply that outputs 12V voltage to power the entire charging pile control system.

[0029] See Figure 2As a preferred embodiment, in this embodiment, the charging and discharging unit includes a bidirectional buck-boost converter (optional model TPS61094), whose input voltage pin VIN is coupled to the output terminal of the power conversion unit, the output voltage pin VOUT is coupled to the control module via a low dropout linear regulator LDO, the supercapacitor pin SUP is coupled to the supercapacitor, and the switch pin SW is coupled to the supercapacitor via an inductor.

[0030] As a preferred embodiment, in this example, the supercapacitor is composed of multiple capacitors connected in parallel or series, and the capacity or voltage level can be adjusted by connecting them in parallel or series.

[0031] In a preferred embodiment, the control module includes an MCU and a wireless communication unit. The MCU sends information to external devices through the wireless communication unit. The wireless communication unit can be a 4G, WiFi, or Bluetooth module.

[0032] Referring to Figures 3(a) and 3(b), the working principle of the charging pile power supply circuit in this embodiment is as follows:

[0033] Under normal conditions, an external AC 220V power supply is input, which is converted into 12V by the power conversion unit to power the entire charging pile control system. Simultaneously, the supercapacitor is charged via the charging and discharging unit. Once the supercapacitor is fully charged, charging automatically stops, eliminating the need for charging protection settings.

[0034] In the power-off state, i.e., when the external AC220V power supply is disconnected, the output voltage of the power conversion unit drops instantly from 12V to 0V. At this time, the supercapacitor can instantly provide a 12V power supply through the charging and discharging unit to maintain the operation of the control module. The control module will detect the power-off state at the input terminal through current and voltage detection, and promptly report the fault, disconnect the relay, thereby realizing the closed-loop sensing of the entire system.

[0035] Compared with existing technologies, the charging pile power supply circuit of this utility model, which uses a supercapacitor in its design, has the following advantages:

[0036] 1) Supercapacitors have high energy density and long lifespan, can store a large amount of electrical energy, and can release large currents quickly.

[0037] 2) Compared to traditional batteries, supercapacitors have a much shorter charging time, requiring only a few seconds or minutes to complete charging.

[0038] 3) Supercapacitors boast a longer lifespan and more stable performance. Traditional batteries suffer from capacity decay and lifespan loss during charging and discharging, while supercapacitors exhibit virtually no such limitations. This means that supercapacitors can provide backup power more reliably, eliminating the need for frequent replacements or maintenance, thereby reducing operating costs and manpower investment.

[0039] 4) Supercapacitors also possess excellent environmental adaptability and high-temperature handling capabilities. In extreme environments, such as high or low temperatures, traditional batteries may experience performance degradation or failure. Supercapacitors, on the other hand, can operate normally over a wide temperature range, ensuring the reliability of backup power.

[0040] 5) It has strong scalability and can adjust the capacity or voltage level by connecting in parallel or series.

[0041] 6) Supercapacitors have high capacitance and small external size, which greatly reduces the size of PCBs.

[0042] 7) Ordinary batteries cannot be completely discharged, while supercapacitors can be discharged to 0V without affecting their lifespan, greatly improving energy utilization.

[0043] The embodiments of this utility model are intended to cover all such substitutions, modifications, and variations that fall within the broad scope of the appended claims. Therefore, any omissions, modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of the embodiments of this utility model should be included within the protection scope of this utility model.

Claims

1. A power supply circuit for a charging pile based on a supercapacitor, characterized in that, include: A relay, with one end coupled to an external power source and the other end coupled to a charging plug, is used to control the power supply to the charging plug. The power conversion unit has its input terminal coupled to the external power input terminal and its output terminal coupled to the charging and discharging unit, and is used to convert the external power supply into 12V DC power. The charging and discharging unit is coupled to the power conversion unit and the supercapacitor respectively, and is coupled to the control module via a linear regulator, and is used to charge or discharge the supercapacitor. A control module, coupled to the relay, is used to output control signals to control the opening and closing of the relay; And, supercapacitors, which are used to charge through the charging and discharging unit when the external power is connected, and to discharge through the charging and discharging unit to power the control module when the external power is disconnected.

2. The charging pile power supply circuit based on supercapacitor as described in claim 1, characterized in that, It also includes a current detector, the input of which is coupled to the input of an external power supply and the output of which is coupled to a control module. The control module is also used to detect the voltage of the external power supply through the current detector and send a power disconnection message to the external device when the external power supply is disconnected.

3. The charging pile power supply circuit based on supercapacitor as described in claim 1 or 2, characterized in that, The charging and discharging unit includes a bidirectional buck-boost converter. The input voltage pin of the bidirectional buck-boost converter is coupled to the output terminal of the power conversion unit. The output voltage pin is coupled to the control module via a linear regulator. The supercapacitor pin is coupled to a supercapacitor. The switch pin is coupled to a supercapacitor via an inductor.

4. The charging pile power supply circuit based on supercapacitor as described in claim 3, characterized in that, The supercapacitor is composed of multiple capacitors connected in parallel or in series.

5. The charging pile power supply circuit based on supercapacitor as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The control module includes an MCU and a wireless communication unit, and the MCU sends information to external devices through the wireless communication unit.

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