Facility for automatically cultivating edible mushrooms by using tobacco leaf curing barn

Abstract

The utility model provides a facility for automatically cultivating edible mushrooms by using a tobacco curing barn, and relates to the technical field of edible mushroom cultivation, the interior of the tobacco curing barn serves as a facility main body (1), a cultivation unit (2) is arranged in the main body (1), and the cultivation unit (2) is of an integral movable structure and is a multi-layer rectangular frame supported by stand columns (3); wherein the stand column (3) is of a telescopic structure, four right angles on each layer of support (4) are arranged on the stand column (3) in a sleeving mode through sleeves, and the distance between every two adjacent supports (4) in the vertical direction is adjustable; each layer of support (4) is divided into a bearing frame (401) and a lifting conveying device arranged below the bearing frame (401). The positions of the cultivation grids (5) can be adjusted or replaced in time, so that unified management is carried out, and propagation of diseases and pests is prevented; meanwhile, frequent entering of external personnel can be effectively reduced, various external media are prevented from entering a planting site, and the risk is reduced.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The utility model relates to edible mushroom cultivation technical field, concretely relates to a kind of facilities for utilizing tobacco curing barn to carry out edible mushroom automation cultivation. BACKGROUND

[0002] Closed curing barn is applied on a large scale because it can significantly improve the quality of tobacco leaf. At present, most of the curing barns in tobacco producing areas across the country are standardized intensive curing barns, which have good heat and moisture retention performance and are installed with electrical systems, air circulation systems and temperature and humidity control systems. However, the utilization rate of existing standardized curing barns is not high, and they are typical seasonal facilities, basically in the state of "three idle nine". Therefore, the development and utilization of idle curing barns are a model of comprehensive utilization of resources, which has a great impact on improving facility utilization and increasing farmers' income.

[0003] The cultivation of edible mushrooms using tobacco curing barns has the advantages of small investment and quick results, and is one of the main directions of comprehensive utilization of idle agricultural resources. Some institutions and companies have developed related tobacco curing barn edible mushroom cultivation techniques based on these seasonal tobacco curing barns and existing mature edible mushroom greenhouse cultivation techniques. For example, a method for cultivating black skin chicken mushroom in a curing barn (201811443138.3), which involves building a bed frame centered on a tobacco hanging beam, disinfecting, placing the mushroom sticks in the bed, and cultivating for 15-20 days to produce mushrooms. This method combines "tobacco + edible mushrooms" to effectively save land resources, improve land utilization, avoid repeated investment in building factories, and effectively reduce equipment investment and operating costs.

[0004] The biggest problem with existing techniques for cultivating edible mushrooms using tobacco curing barns is the high degree of human involvement and low degree of automation, and the planting area cannot be isolated for a long time. Edible mushrooms are susceptible to diseases and pests, especially fungal and bacterial diseases, which can have a serious impact on the yield of edible mushrooms, with a general loss of 20%-30% of total production, and in severe cases, more than 50%, or even no yield or harvest. On the other hand, it can also reduce the quality of edible mushroom products and significantly decrease economic benefits.

[0005] In addition, existing facilities for indoor edible mushroom cultivation using independent spaces have low automation levels, and many steps in the cultivation process require direct human involvement, especially for transplanting or reloading of mushroom strains with poor growth conditions, and timely replacement and treatment of plants with diseases and pests, which require workers to enter the factory for in-depth operation. In this process, various media from the outside world, such as air, impurities and bacteria, will frequently enter the cultivation site, increasing the risk of disease for edible mushrooms. SUMMARY

[0006] The utility model discloses a facility for automatic cultivation of edible fungi by using tobacco leaf curing barn, which can automatically and effectively realize the mechanization and automation of edible fungi cultivation, reduce the redundant contact of fungi with the external environment during growth, control the invasion of harmful substances from the external environment, reduce the occurrence probability of diseases and insect pests of edible fungi, and ensure the yield and quality of edible fungi.

[0007] The utility model discloses a facility for automatic cultivation of edible fungi by using tobacco leaf curing barn, which can automatically and effectively realize the mechanization and automation of edible fungi cultivation, reduce the redundant contact of fungi with the external environment during growth, control the invasion of harmful substances from the external environment, reduce the occurrence probability of diseases and insect pests of edible fungi, and ensure the yield and quality of edible fungi.

[0008] The utility model discloses a facility for automatic cultivation of edible fungi by using tobacco leaf curing barn, which can automatically and effectively realize the mechanization and automation of edible fungi cultivation, reduce the redundant contact of fungi with the external environment during growth, control the invasion of harmful substances from the external environment, reduce the occurrence probability of diseases and insect pests of edible fungi, and ensure the yield and quality of edible fungi.

[0009] The utility model discloses a facility for automatic cultivation of edible fungi by using tobacco leaf curing barn, which can automatically and effectively realize the mechanization and automation of edible fungi cultivation, reduce the redundant contact of fungi with the external environment during growth, control the invasion of harmful substances from the external environment, reduce the occurrence probability of diseases and insect pests of edible fungi, and ensure the yield and quality of edible fungi.

[0010] The utility model discloses a facility for automatic cultivation of edible fungi by using tobacco leaf curing barn, which can automatically and effectively realize the mechanization and automation of edible fungi cultivation, reduce the redundant contact of fungi with the external environment during growth, control the invasion of harmful substances from the external environment, reduce the occurrence probability of diseases and insect pests of edible fungi, and ensure the yield and quality of edible fungi.

[0011] The utility model discloses a facility for automatic cultivation of edible fungi by using tobacco leaf curing barn, which can automatically and effectively realize the mechanization and automation of edible fungi cultivation, reduce the redundant contact of fungi with the external environment during growth, control the invasion of harmful substances from the external environment, reduce the occurrence probability of diseases and insect pests of edible fungi, and ensure the yield and quality of edible fungi.

[0012] The utility model discloses a facility for automatic cultivation of edible fungi by using tobacco leaf curing barn, which can automatically and effectively realize the mechanization and automation of edible fungi cultivation, reduce the redundant contact of fungi with the external environment during growth, control the invasion of harmful substances from the external environment, reduce the occurrence probability of diseases and insect pests of edible fungi, and ensure the yield and quality of edible fungi.

[0013] On both sides of the cultivation unit 2, movable lifting conveyors 15 are arranged, which can realize hovering at any height, and when the height is level with the bearing frame 401 of the cultivation unit 2, the suspension mechanism 14 lifts the target cultivation grid 5 and moves it to the lifting conveyor 15 on the corresponding side, and the lifting conveyor 15 operates to transfer it to other positions of the bearing frame 401 at the same height on the same side.

[0014] Preferably, real-time image acquisition devices, light supplement devices and spraying pipes are arranged on the cultivation unit 2 respectively; the image acquisition devices are started by the control room at regular time intervals to observe the condition of the cultivation unit 2, and light supplement and water supplement are carried out according to the growth condition of the edible fungi, and even the position of the cultivation grid 5 is adjusted.

[0015] Preferably, the real-time image acquisition devices are installed on the suspension mechanism 14 and comprise a camera and an information transmission and receiving device, which are connected to the control room in a wireless mode.

[0016] Preferably, the light supplement devices comprise LED light sources 16 arranged at the bottom of the bearing frame 401 and control switches and power supplies connected to the LED light sources 16.

[0017] Preferably, the spraying pipes are connected to the water supply device 18 outside the room through water pipes 17 along the edges of the bearing frame 401, and a collecting device comprising a ground collecting groove and a water collecting pool 19 is further arranged.

[0018] Preferably, ventilation pipes 20 are arranged on the top of the main body 1, and ventilation openings 21 are arranged on the side walls.

[0019] The beneficial effects of the utility model are as follows:

[0020] ①The utility model makes full use of existing facilities, uses the tobacco leaf curing room as the main body 1 for automatic cultivation of edible fungi during the time when the tobacco leaf curing room is not operated, effectively saves land resources, improves land utilization rate, avoids repeated investment in construction of a plant, and effectively reduces equipment investment and operation cost.

[0021] ②The utility model arranges the cultivation unit 2 in a split structure and with the function of automatic adjustment of position, arranges a plurality of independent cultivation grids 5 on each layer of support 4, remotely and regularly observes the growth condition of the plants in each cultivation grid 5 through the image acquisition device, if the growth condition of a certain cultivation grid 5 differs too much from that of the adjacent cultivation grid 5 or if diseases and insect pests occur, the position of the cultivation grid 5 can be adjusted or replaced in time through the position automatic adjustment mechanism of the cultivation unit 2, so as to facilitate unified management and prevention of spread of diseases and insect pests; meanwhile, the grid arrangement of the cultivation unit 2 and the automatic adjustment of the position of the cultivation grid 5 can effectively reduce the frequent entry of external personnel, prevent various media such as air, impurities and bacteria in the external environment from entering the planting place, and reduce the risk of diseases of edible fungi. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0022] Figure 1 is the structure of the facility for automatic cultivation of edible fungi using tobacco curing barns described in Example 1.

[0023] Figure 2 is Figure 1 the A-A cross-sectional view of

[0024] Figure 3 is Figure 2 the enlarged view of

[0025] Figure 4 is Figure 3 the B-B cross-sectional view of

[0026] Figure 5 is the structure of the facility for automatic cultivation of edible fungi using tobacco curing barns described in Example 2.

[0027] In the figure: main body 1, cultivation unit 2, stand 3, support 4, bearing frame 401, cultivation grid 5, longitudinal slide rail 6, roller 7, rolling shaft 8, bearing 9, sleeve 10, micro motor 11, gear box 12, transverse slide rail 13, suspension mechanism 14, lifting conveyor belt 15, LED light source 16, water pipe 17, water supply device 18, water collection tank 19, ventilation duct 20, ventilation port 21. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0028] The utility model will be further described below in combination with the drawings and examples. Example 1

[0029] Referring to Figures 1-4 , the facility for automatic cultivation of edible fungi using tobacco curing barns described in this embodiment takes the independent tobacco curing barn as the main body 1 of the facility, and sets up a cultivation unit 2 inside the main body 1, which is installed on the ground inside the main body 1 and is of a whole movable structure, and keeps a distance from the inner wall and the top of the main body 1, and is a multi-layer rectangular frame supported by the stand 3; wherein the stand 3 is of an extension structure, and the four right angles on each layer of support 4 are sleeved on the stand 3 through the sleeve, and the distance between the vertically adjacent supports 4 is adjustable; each layer of support 4 is divided into a bearing frame 401 and a lifting conveying device arranged below the bearing frame 401.

[0030] The bearing frame 401 is connected with the column 3, and the cultivation grids 5 are arranged at equal intervals on the bearing frame 401. The cultivation grid 5 is a rectangular frame with an open upper end, and the bottom and side walls are provided with water permeable holes, and the bottom and side walls are wrapped with a water permeable heat preservation layer, and the inside of the rectangular frame is filled with a cultivation substrate; the lifting conveying device is arranged below the bearing frame 401 and includes a track fixed below the bearing frame 401. The track includes a longitudinal mechanism extending through the length direction of the whole cultivation unit 2, and a transverse mechanism arranged above the cultivation grid 5. The longitudinal mechanism includes two longitudinal sliding rails 6 installed on the bottom of the bearing frame 401.

[0031] The transverse mechanism on the cultivation grid 5 includes two rollers 7 respectively clamped inside the longitudinal sliding rails 6, a rolling shaft 8 connected with the two rollers 7, and a sleeve 10 sleeved outside the rolling shaft 8 through a bearing 9 and movably clamped on the longitudinal sliding rail 6. A micro motor 11 is installed below the sleeve 10, and the rolling shaft 8 and the roller 7 are driven to move on the longitudinal sliding rail 6 through a gear box 12.

[0032] The sleeve 10 is also connected with a transverse sliding rail 13 extending beyond the side edge of the cultivation unit 2, and a suspension mechanism 14 is movably connected to the transverse sliding rail 13. Under the driving of the power mechanism, any cultivation grid 5 in the operating range is lifted and moved to the outside of the cultivation unit 2. The structure and operation process of the suspension mechanism 14 can be realized by referring to the corresponding scheme in the prior art, and will not be described in detail in the technical scheme of the present application, for example, “202022013151.4 A simple pneumatic gripping manipulator” and “CN201720219504.1 A simple manipulator for teaching”.

[0033] On both sides of the cultivation unit 2, a movable lifting conveying belt 15 is also arranged, which can realize hovering at any height. When the height is level with the bearing frame 401 of the cultivation unit 2, the suspension mechanism 14 lifts the target cultivation grid 5 and moves it to the lifting conveying belt 15 on the corresponding side, and the lifting conveying belt 15 operates to transfer it to other positions on the same side of the bearing frame 401 at the same height. Embodiment 2

[0034] Referring to Figure 5 The facility for automatic cultivation of edible fungi in a tobacco curing barn according to the present embodiment has a main structure basically the same as that of the first embodiment, and the difference lies in that:

[0035] Real-time image acquisition devices, light supplement devices and spray pipes are arranged on the cultivation unit 2. The image acquisition devices are started at regular intervals by the control room to observe the condition of the cultivation unit 2, and the light supplement and water supplement are performed according to the growth condition of the edible fungi, and even the position of the cultivation grid 5 is adjusted.

[0036] The real-time image acquisition device is installed on the suspension mechanism 14, and includes a camera and an information transmission and receiving device, and is connected with the control room in a wireless mode; the light supplementing device includes an LED light source 16 arranged at the bottom of the bearing frame 401 and a control switch power supply connected with the LED light source 16; the spraying pipeline is connected with the water supply device 18 outside the room through a water pipe 17 along the edge of the bearing frame 401, and in addition, a collecting device including a ground collecting groove and a water collecting pool 19 is further arranged; a ventilation pipeline 20 is arranged at the top of the main body 1, and a ventilation opening 21 is arranged on the side wall.

Claims

1. A facility for automatic cultivation of edible mushrooms using a tobacco curing barn, wherein an independent tobacco curing barn is used as a main body (1) of the facility, and a cultivation unit (2) is provided inside the main body (1), characterized in that, The cultivation unit (2) is installed on the ground inside the main body (1), and is a whole movable structure, and keeps a distance from the inner wall and the top of the main body (1), and is a multi-layer rectangular frame supported by the stand column (3); wherein the stand column (3) adopts a telescopic structure, four right angles on each layer of support (4) are sleeved on the stand column (3) through a sleeve, and the distance between the adjacent supports (4) in the vertical direction is adjustable; each layer of support (4) is divided into a bearing frame (401) and a lifting conveying device arranged below the bearing frame (401); The bearing frame (401) is connected with the stand column (3), and the cultivation grids (5) are arranged on the bearing frame (401) at equal intervals, the cultivation grid (5) is a rectangular frame with an open upper end, the bottom and the side wall are provided with water permeable holes, and the bottom and the side wall are wrapped with a water permeable heat preservation layer, and the rectangular frame is filled with a cultivation substrate; The lifting conveying device is arranged below the bearing frame (401) and includes a track fixed below the bearing frame (401), the track includes a longitudinal mechanism penetrating through the length direction of the whole cultivation unit (2), and a transverse mechanism arranged above the cultivation grid (5); The longitudinal mechanism includes two longitudinal sliding rails (6) longitudinally installed at the bottom of the bearing frame (401); The transverse mechanism on the cultivation grid (5) includes two rollers (7) respectively clamped on the inner sides of the longitudinal sliding rails (6), further includes a rolling shaft (8) connected with the two rollers (7), and a sleeve (10) sleeved on the outer periphery of the rolling shaft (8) through a bearing (9) and movably clamped on the longitudinal sliding rail (6) at the end portion, a micro motor (11) is installed below the sleeve (10), and the rolling shaft (8) and the roller (7) are driven to move on the longitudinal sliding rail (6) through a gear box (12); The sleeve (10) is further connected with a transverse sliding rail (13) below, one end of the transverse sliding rail (13) extends beyond the side edge of the cultivation unit (2), and a suspension mechanism (14) is movably connected on the transverse sliding rail (13); under the driving of the power mechanism, any cultivation grid (5) in the running range is lifted and moved to the outside of the cultivation unit (2).

2. The facility for automatic cultivation of edible mushrooms using a tobacco curing barn according to claim 1, characterized in that, On the two sides of the cultivation unit (2), a movable lifting conveying belt (15) capable of hovering at any height is further arranged, the target cultivation grid (5) is lifted and moved to the lifting conveying belt (15) on the corresponding side by the suspension mechanism (14), and the lifting conveying belt (15) is operated to transfer it to other positions on the same side of the bearing frame (401).

3. The facility for automatic cultivation of edible mushrooms using a tobacco curing barn according to claim 1, characterized in that, Real-time image acquisition devices, light supplement devices and spray pipelines are arranged on the cultivation unit (2) respectively; the image acquisition devices are started at regular time intervals by the control room to observe the condition of the cultivation unit (2).

4. The facility for automatic cultivation of edible mushrooms using a tobacco curing barn according to claim 3, characterized in that, The real-time image acquisition device is installed on the suspension mechanism (14) and includes a camera and an information transmission and receiving device, which are connected with the control room in a wireless mode.

5. The facility for automatic cultivation of edible mushrooms using a tobacco curing barn according to claim 3, characterized in that, The light supplement device includes an LED light source (16) arranged at the bottom of the bearing frame (401) and a control switch power supply connected with the LED light source (16).

6. The facility for automatic cultivation of edible mushrooms using a tobacco curing barn according to claim 3, characterized in that, The spray pipeline is connected with the water supply device (18) outside through a water pipe (17) along the edge of the bearing frame (401), and a collecting device including a ground collecting groove and a collecting pool (19) is further arranged.

7. The facility for automatic cultivation of edible mushrooms using a tobacco curing barn according to claim 1, characterized in that, Ventilation pipes (20) are arranged on the top of the main body (1), and ventilation openings (21) are arranged on the side wall.

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