T-shaped groove milling cutter
By designing a T-slot end mill with unequal helix angles and arc-shaped surface connections, the problems of complex machining and high vibration in traditional T-slots have been solved, resulting in improved stability and quality, and extended tool life.
Patent Information
- Application Number
- CN202422883751.4
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Utility models(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2024-11-25
- Publication Date
- 2025-11-18
- Estimated Expiration
- 2034-11-25
AI Technical Summary
Traditional T-slot machining suffers from problems such as complex operation, high machining difficulty, large vibration, and poor quality.
Design a T-slot end mill with three cutting edges in the same direction of helix, with unequal helix angles. The peripheral edge and end edge are connected by an arc surface. The shank and end head are integrally formed, and the angle of the cutting edge and the structure of the connecting section are optimized.
It improves the stability of cutting operations, reduces machining vibration, ensures the machining quality and accuracy of T-slots, extends tool life, and reduces production costs.
Smart Images
Figure CN223557345U_ABST
Abstract
Description
TECHNICAL FIELD
[0001] The utility model relates to a milling cutter technical field, especially a kind of T-shaped groove milling cutter. BACKGROUND
[0002] With the development of industrial technology, the requirement of equipment sealing performance is higher and higher, many equipment and components need T-shaped groove structure to realize specific function in the mechanical manufacturing process, for example, machine tool workbench needs T-shaped groove to fix fixture, workpiece etc., these components have strict requirement to the precision and quality of T-shaped groove.
[0003] When traditional T-shaped groove is processed, it needs to use combined cutter to carry out distributed processing or adopt integral milling cutter to process, the former operation is complex, and it also increases the difficulty and time cost of processing, and the latter is prone to stimulate the vibration between cutter and workpiece when milling, thereby leading to the roughness of processing surface increases, which affects the processing quality of T-shaped groove. UTILITY MODEL CONTENT
[0004] Therefore, the utility model aims at providing a kind of T-shaped groove milling cutter to improve the stability of cutting operation and ensure the processing quality of T-shaped groove.
[0005] To achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the technical scheme of the utility model is as follows:
[0006] A kind of T-shaped groove milling cutter, including handle, the handle on the handle with the handle coaxial arrangement cutter head is provided, the cutter head is provided with three helical cutting edges arranged at interval along its circumferential direction, in the axial direction of the cutter head, the two sides of each cutting edge are respectively provided with first end blade and second end blade, and the chip flute is arranged between two adjacent cutting edges;
[0007] The included angle between each cutting edge and the axis of the cutter head is helix angle, and each adjacent helix angle is unequally divided.
[0008] Further, the angle of each helix angle is 31 °, 30 °, 29 ° in turn.
[0009] Further, the side of each cutting edge is provided with circumferential edge;Each circumferential edge and corresponding first end blade are connected by first circular arc surface;And / or, each circumferential edge and corresponding second end blade are connected by second circular arc surface.
[0010] Further, the radius of the first circular arc surface and the second circular arc surface is equal.
[0011] Further, the rake angle of each circumferential edge is 12 °;And / or, the first relief angle of each circumferential edge is 8 °;And / or, the second relief angle of each circumferential edge is 24 °.
[0012] Further, each of the first end edges has a rake angle of 14°; and / or, each of the first end edges has a first relief angle of 10°; and / or, each of the first end edges has a second relief angle of 20°.
[0013] Further, the shank comprises a first connecting section connected with the head, and a second connecting section and a third connecting section connected in sequence on the first connecting section; the first connecting section is in a cylindrical shape, and an end of the first connecting section away from the head is connected with the second connecting section; the second connecting section is in a circular truncated cone shape, and an outer diameter of the second connecting section gradually increases along a direction away from the first connecting section, and an outer diameter of a small end of the second connecting section is the same as an outer diameter of the first connecting section; the third connecting section is in a cylindrical shape, and an outer diameter of the third connecting section is the same as an outer diameter of a large end of the second connecting section.
[0014] Further, a ratio of the length of the head to a total length of the shank and the head is between 0.2 and 0.3.
[0015] Further, an included angle between two adjacent cutting edges is between 110° and 130°.
[0016] Further, the shank and the head are in an integral molding structure.
[0017] Compared with the prior art, the utility model has the following advantages:
[0018] The T-shaped groove milling cutter has the advantages that: the cutting forces of the cutting edges are dispersed in time and space, the cutting forces are not concentrated in a moment or a region, the service life of the cutter is prolonged, the machining vibration is reduced, the stability of the cutting operation is improved, and the machining quality of the T-shaped groove is ensured.
[0019] Secondly, the angle of each spiral angle can make the cutting forces of the cutting edges more evenly distributed in time and space, can avoid producing vibration marks on the machined surface, can make the machined surface smoother, and can make the milling temperature distribution more reasonable, so that the overall wear of the cutter is more uniform. The circular arc surface is connected between the peripheral edge and the corresponding first end edge and second end edge, can avoid the stress concentration phenomenon in the machining process, and can make the cutter more smoothly transition when milling the corner, and reduce the cutter wear rate.
[0020] The first arc surface and the second arc surface are arranged with the same radius, which can realize symmetrical machining effect when machining the T-shaped groove, ensures uniform stress of the cutter in the vertical direction, avoids uneven stress of the upper and lower parts to cause premature wear of a part, thereby reducing the replacement frequency of the cutter. Meanwhile, it is also beneficial to form a stable chip removal path, thereby improving the production efficiency under the premise of ensuring the machining quality. By limiting the rake angle, the first relief angle and the second relief angle of the peripheral edge, the material resistance during cutting can be effectively reduced, the service life of the cutter is prolonged, and the chip removal efficiency is accelerated.
[0021] Furthermore, by limiting the rake angle and the relief angle of each of the end tooth cutter edges, the cutter has greater damping in the axial direction, resulting in significant differences in the size and time interval of the cutting force, thereby facilitating the suppression of the vibration of the cutter, thereby improving the stability of the milling operation. The outer diameter of the second connecting section gradually decreases in the direction of approaching the tool head, and the outer diameters of the two ends of the second connecting section are respectively consistent with the outer diameters of the first connecting section and the third connecting section, achieving the effect of gradually changing the outer diameter, thereby enabling the stress to be more evenly distributed on the shank, reducing the risk of shank fracture, and also facilitating the improvement of connection stability and the structural strength of the cutter.
[0022] Moreover, the ratio of the tool head to the total length of the shank and the tool head is between 0.2 and 0.3, which is beneficial to improve the structural strength of the cutter, thereby prolonging the service life of the cutter, and also facilitating the improvement of the milling precision, thereby facilitating the guarantee of the quality of the product, and the structure is reasonable and convenient for design and implementation. By setting the included angle between the two adjacent end tooth cutter edges, the impact resistance of the cutter can be improved, thereby reducing the risk of chipping of the cutter, and thereby prolonging the service life of the cutter. Integrating the shank and the tool head can enhance the rigidity of the cutter, and also avoid errors in the assembly process to improve the machining accuracy and facilitate cost reduction. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS
[0023] The accompanying drawings, which form a part of this patent, are included to provide a further understanding of the application and are incorporated in and constitute a part of this patent. The embodiments of these drawings are set to explain the present application, and do not constitute an improper limitation on the present application. In the drawings:
[0024] Figure 1 The overall structure of the T-shaped groove milling cutter is shown in the figure.
[0025] Figure 2 The structure shown in A is an enlarged view. Figure 1 The structure shown in A is an enlarged view.
[0026] Figure 3 The structure shown in A is an enlarged view. Figure 1 The structure shown in A is an enlarged view.
[0027] Reference signs:
[0028] 1, tool head; 11, cutting edge; 111, first end blade; 112, second end blade; 113, peripheral blade; 12, chip flute;
[0029] 2, shank; 21, first connecting section; 22, second connecting section; 23, third connecting section;
[0030] 31, first arc surface; 32, second arc surface;
[0031] γ, helix angle; r1, radius of first arc surface; r2, radius of second arc surface; α1, rake angle of peripheral blade; α2, rake angle of first end blade; β1, first relief angle of peripheral blade; β2, second relief angle of peripheral blade; β3, first relief angle of first end blade; β4, second relief angle of first end blade; c1, included angle between two cutting edges; H1, total length of shank and tool head; H2, length of tool head; H3, length of shank; h1, length of first connecting section; h2, length of second connecting section; h3, length of third connecting section; d1, core thickness of tool head; d2, outer diameter of first connecting section; d3, outer diameter of third connecting section. DETAILED DESCRIPTION
[0032] It should be noted that the embodiments in the present application and the features in the embodiments can be combined with each other without conflict.
[0033] In the description of the present application, it should be noted that if terms indicating directions or positional relationships such as "upper", "lower", "inner", "outer" and the like appear, they are based on the directions or positional relationships shown in the drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the present application and simplifying the description, and therefore cannot be understood as limiting the devices or elements indicated to have a specific direction, to be constructed and operated in a specific direction, and therefore cannot be understood as limiting the present application. In addition, if the terms "first", "second" and the like appear, they are also only for the purpose of description, and cannot be understood as indicating or implying relative importance.
[0034] In addition, in the description of the present application, unless otherwise explicitly limited, the terms "mounting", "connecting", "connection" and "connecting member" should be understood broadly. For example, it can be fixedly connected, or it can be detachably connected, or integrally connected; it can be mechanically connected, or it can be electrically connected; it can be directly connected, or it can be indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, or it can be connected inside two elements. For those skilled in the art, the specific meanings of the above terms in the present application can be understood in combination with the specific circumstances.
[0035] The present application will be described in detail below with reference to the drawings and in combination with the embodiments.
[0036] Embodiment One
[0037] The embodiment relates to a T-shaped groove milling cutter, which can improve the stability of cutting operation and facilitate guaranteeing the machining quality of the T-shaped groove. Figures 1 to 3 The T-shaped groove milling cutter comprises a shank 2, a cutter head 1 coaxially arranged on the shank 2, three cutting edges 11 arranged at intervals along the circumferential direction of the cutter head 1, a first end edge 111 and a second end edge 112 arranged on both sides of each cutting edge 11 in the axial direction of the cutter head 1, and a chip groove 12 arranged between two adjacent cutting edges 11.
[0038] The included angle between each cutting edge 11 and the axis of the cutter head 1 is a spiral angle γ, and adjacent spiral angles γ are arranged unequally.
[0039] At this time, through the unequal arrangement of adjacent spiral angles γ, the cutting force can be dispersed in time and space, the cutting force can be avoided from being concentrated at a certain moment or a certain area, the tool life can be prolonged, the machining vibration can be reduced, the stability of the cutting operation can be improved, and the machining quality of the T-shaped groove can be guaranteed.
[0040] It should be noted that the number of cutting edges 11 can be designed and adjusted according to actual needs, for example, two, four or the like.
[0041] Based on the above overall introduction, in the embodiment, as a preferred implementation form, the angles of the spiral angles γ are 31°, 30° and 29° in sequence. Here, the angle setting of the spiral angles γ can make the cutting force of each cutting edge 11 more evenly distributed in time and space, can avoid the vibration marks on the machined surface, can make the machined surface smoother, can make the temperature distribution of milling more reasonable, and can make the overall wear of the cutter more uniform.
[0042] In addition, in the embodiment, as a preferred implementation form, as shown in Figure 2 each cutting edge 11 is provided with a peripheral edge 113, wherein each peripheral edge 113 is connected to the corresponding first end edge 111 through a first circular arc surface 31, and each peripheral edge 113 is connected to the corresponding second end edge 112 through a second circular arc surface 32.
[0043] Through the above arrangement, the peripheral edge 113 is connected to the corresponding first end edge 111 and second end edge 112 through the circular arc surface, which can avoid the stress concentration phenomenon in the machining process, can make the cutter more smoothly transition when milling the corner, and can reduce the tool wear rate.
[0044] Specifically, as a preferred implementation form, the radius of the first circular arc surface 31 and the second circular arc surface 32 are equal. The advantage of such a setting is that it can achieve a symmetrical machining effect when machining the T-shaped groove, ensuring that the tool is uniformly stressed in the vertical direction, avoiding uneven stress on the upper and lower parts, which can cause premature wear of a certain part, thereby reducing the replacement frequency of the tool, and also facilitating the formation of a stable chip removal path, thereby improving production efficiency while ensuring machining quality.
[0045] In a specific structure, the radius r1 of the first circular arc surface 31 and the radius r2 of the second circular arc surface 32 are both 0.4 mm. Of course, the specific value of the radius can also be designed and adjusted according to actual needs, for example, it can be set to 0.39 mm, 0.41 mm, etc., as long as the error range is within ±0.01.
[0046] It should be understood that the radius r1 of the first circular arc surface 31 and the radius r2 of the second circular arc surface 32 of the present embodiment can also be set to be unequal, thereby facilitating the machining of workpieces with uneven hardness, such as workpieces with soft alloy on the upper part and hard alloy on the lower part, so that the radius r1 of the first circular arc surface 31 is greater than the radius r2 of the second circular arc surface 32. In this way, it is possible to reduce the transitional cutting of the soft part while ensuring effective cutting of the hard part. Moreover, it can also make the cutting force of the tool more reasonably distributed in the vertical direction, which is conducive to reducing the vibration caused by cutting force fluctuations.
[0047] In addition, in the present embodiment, as a preferred implementation form, as shown in Figure 3 each peripheral edge 113 has a rake angle α1 of 12°, and each peripheral edge 113 has a first relief angle β1 of 8° and a second relief angle β2 of 24°.
[0048] Here, by limiting the rake angle α1, the first relief angle and the second relief angle of the peripheral edge 113, the material resistance during cutting can be effectively reduced, the service life of the tool can be prolonged, and the chip removal efficiency can be improved.
[0049] In addition, in the present embodiment, as a preferred implementation form, as shown in Figure 1 each first end edge 111 has a rake angle α2 of 14°, and each first end edge 111 has a first relief angle β3 of 10° and a second relief angle β4 of 20°. Here, by limiting the rake angle and the relief angle of the end tooth edge, the tool can have greater damping in the axial direction, resulting in significant differences in cutting force and time interval, thereby facilitating the suppression of tool vibration and improving the stability of the milling operation.
[0050] Specifically, as a preferred implementation form, as shown in Figure 1As shown, the shank 2 of the embodiment comprises a first connecting section 21 connected with the tool head 1, and a second connecting section 22 and a third connecting section 23 connected in sequence on the first connecting section 21.
[0051] The first connecting section 21 is in a cylindrical shape, and the end of the first connecting section 21 away from the tool head 1 is connected with the second connecting section, the second connecting section 22 is in a circular truncated cone shape, and the outer diameter of the second connecting section 22 gradually increases in the direction away from the first connecting section 21, the outer diameter of the small end of the second connecting section 22 is the same as the outer diameter d2 of the first connecting section 21, and the third connecting section 23 is in a cylindrical shape, and the outer diameter thereof is the same as the outer diameter of the large end of the second connecting section 22.
[0052] It can be understood that the outer diameter d2 of the first connecting section 21 is the same as the outer diameter at the connecting position with the tool head 1, thereby enabling the tool head 1 to function more effectively and reducing energy loss, and meanwhile, the outer diameter of the second connecting section 22 gradually decreases in the axial direction towards the tool head 1, and the outer diameters of the two ends of the second connecting section 22 are consistent with the outer diameter d3 of the first connecting section 21 and the third connecting section 23 respectively, achieving the effect of gradual change of the outer diameter, so that the stress can be more evenly distributed on the shank 2, reducing the risk of fracture of the shank 2, and also facilitating improvement of the connection stability and the structural strength of the tool.
[0053] In specific implementation, the outer diameter d2 of the first connecting section 21 can be set to 5.5 mm, and of course, in addition to being set to 5.5 mm, it can also be designed and adjusted according to actual requirements, for example, it can be set to 4.5 mm, 6.5 mm, etc. Moreover, the outer diameter d3 of the third connecting section 23 can be set to 10 mm, and the outer diameter d3 of the third connecting section 23 can also be designed and adjusted according to actual requirements, for example, 9 mm, 11 mm, etc.
[0054] In addition, in the embodiment, as a preferred implementation form, the ratio of the length H2 of the tool head 1 to the total length H1 of the shank 2 and the tool head 1 is between 0.2 and 0.3. By this setting, it is beneficial to improve the structural strength of the tool, thereby being able to prolong the service life of the tool, and at the same time, it is beneficial to improve the milling precision, thereby being beneficial to guarantee the quality of products, and the structure is reasonable, facilitating design and implementation.
[0055] Preferably, the ratio of the length H2 of the tool head 1 to the total length H1 of the shank 2 and the tool head 1 can be set to 0.24, and of course, it can also be designed and adjusted according to actual requirements, for example, the ratio can be set to 0.22, 0.26, etc.
[0056] In the specific structure, the length H2 of the tool head 1 is 12 mm, the total length of the tool handle 2 and the tool head 1 is 50 mm, that is, the length H3 of the tool handle 2 is 38 mm, and it is worth mentioning that the length h1 of the first connecting section 21 of the embodiment is 3 mm, the length h2 of the second connecting section 22 is 3 mm, and the length h3 of the third connecting section 23 is 32 mm. Moreover, the length h1 of the first connecting section 21, the length h2 of the second connecting section 22, and the length h3 of the third connecting section 23 can be designed and adjusted according to actual needs, for example, the length h1 of the first connecting section 21 is set to 2 mm, the length h2 of the second connecting section 22 is set to 5 mm, and the length h3 of the third connecting section 23 is set to 31 mm, or the length h1 of the first connecting section 21 is set to 5 mm, the length h2 of the second connecting section 22 is set to 4 mm, and the length h3 of the third connecting section 23 is set to 29 mm, etc.
[0057] Moreover, considering the strength requirement of the tool, the core thickness d1 of the tool head 1 is limited in the embodiment, and it should be understood that if the core thickness d1 of the tool head 1 is too small, it may not be able to withstand a large cutting force during cutting, resulting in the tool head 1 breaking, and if the core thickness d1 of the tool head 1 is too large, it may cause the chips to be unable to be timely removed and be blocked between the cutting edges 11, resulting in an increase in cutting temperature, thereby affecting the service life of the tool and the quality of the machined surface.
[0058] Therefore, the core thickness d1 of the tool head 1 is preferably set to 3.9 mm in the embodiment, so that the tool can withstand a larger cutting force, reducing the risk of tool head 1 breaking, and at the same time, it can also ensure that the cutting is timely removed to avoid blockage. Of course, in addition to setting the core thickness d1 of the tool head 1 to 3.9 mm, it can also be designed and adjusted according to actual needs, for example, it can be set to 3.8 mm, 4 mm, etc.
[0059] In addition, in the embodiment, as a preferred implementation form, as shown in Figure 3 The included angle c1 between the two adjacent cutting edges 11 is between 110°-130°. Here, by setting the included angle between the two adjacent end tooth edges, the impact resistance of the tool can be improved, thereby reducing the risk of tool chipping, and thus prolonging the service life of the tool.
[0060] In the specific structure, the included angle c1 between the two adjacent cutting edges 11 can be set to 120°, so that the three cutting edges 11 are designed to be equally divided, thereby ensuring that the first end edge 111 has a larger chip space, which can enhance the cutting performance of the tool.
[0061] Of course, in addition to setting the included angle c1 between the two adjacent cutting edges 11 to 120°, corresponding design and adjustment can also be made according to actual needs, for example, it can be set to 110°, 130°, etc., so that the three cutting edges 11 are designed unequally, which is also possible.
[0062] In addition, in this embodiment, as a preferred implementation form, the shank 2 and the head 1 are integrally formed. Thus, the shank 2 and the head 1 are integrally formed, which can enhance the rigidity of the tool, and can also avoid errors in the assembly process, so as to improve the machining precision and facilitate cost reduction.
[0063] In use, the T-shaped groove milling cutter of this embodiment can disperse the cutting force in time and space through the unequally divided adjacent spiral angles γ, avoid the concentration of the cutting force at a certain moment or a certain area, prolong the tool life, and reduce the machining vibration, so as to improve the stability of the cutting operation and ensure the machining quality of the T-shaped groove.
[0064] The above only describes the preferred embodiments of the utility model and is not intended to limit the utility model, and any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. made within the spirit and principles of the utility model shall be included in the protection scope of the utility model.
Claims
1. A T-slot milling cutter, characterized in that: comprising a shank (2), a head (1) coaxially arranged on the shank (2), three rotationally consistent cutting edges (11) arranged at intervals along the circumferential direction of the head (1), a first end edge (111) and a second end edge (112) respectively arranged on both sides of each cutting edge (11) in the axial direction of the head (1), and a chip flute (12) arranged between two adjacent cutting edges (11); the included angle between each cutting edge (11) and the axis of the head (1) is a helix angle, and adjacent helix angles are not equally divided; the angles of each helix angle are 31°, 30° and 29° in turn; each cutting edge (11) is provided with a peripheral edge (113) on the side; each peripheral edge (113) is connected to the corresponding first end edge (111) through a first circular arc surface (31), and each peripheral edge (113) is connected to the corresponding second end edge (112) through a second circular arc surface (32); the shank (2) comprises a first connecting section (21) connected with the head (1), and a second connecting section (22) and a third connecting section (23) connected in turn on the first connecting section (21); the first connecting section (21) is in a cylindrical shape, and the end of the first connecting section (21) away from the head (1) is connected with the second connecting section (22); the second connecting section (22) is in a circular truncated cone shape, and the outer diameter of the second connecting section (22) gradually increases in the direction away from the first connecting section (21), and the outer diameter of the small end of the second connecting section (22) is the same as that of the first connecting section (21); the third connecting section (23) is in a cylindrical shape, and the outer diameter of the third connecting section (23) is the same as that of the large end of the second connecting section (22). 2.The T-slot milling cutter according to claim 1, characterized in that: the radii of the first circular arc surface (31) and the second circular arc surface (32) are equal. 3.The T-slot milling cutter according to claim 1, characterized in that: the rake angles of each peripheral edge (113) are 12°; and / or, the first relief angles of each peripheral edge (113) are 8°; and / or, the second relief angles of each peripheral edge (113) are 24°. 4.The T-slot milling cutter according to claim 1, characterized in that: the rake angles of each first end edge (111) are 14°; and / or, the first relief angles of each first end edge (111) are 10°; and / or, the second relief angles of each first end edge (111) are 20°. 5.The T-slot milling cutter according to claim 1, characterized in that: the ratio of the length of the head (1) to the total length of the shank (2) and the head (1) is between 0.2 and 0.
3. 6.The T-slot milling cutter according to claim 1, characterized in that: the included angle between two adjacent cutting edges (11) is between 110° and 130°. 7.The T-slot milling cutter according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that: The shank (2) and the head (1) are integrally formed.