Complete machine drop test tool for civil unmanned aircraft

Abstract

The utility model discloses a civil unmanned aircraft complete machine drop test tool, which comprises a hanging bracket, a clamping and releasing assembly and a hanging rope assembly, and is characterized in that the hanging bracket comprises a mounting rack, a motor, a sling and a hanging hook, and the motor is mounted at the top end of the mounting rack; the clamping and releasing assembly comprises a clamp head, a rubber pad, a counter-force spring, an electromagnet, an iron block, a pin, a clamp handle, a battery box and a hanging ring. The lifting rope assembly comprises a bottom lifting rope, a movable rope lock, a rope sleeve, a fixed rope lock, an anti-disengagement terminal, a clamping block and a top lifting rope. The civil unmanned aircraft complete machine drop test tool disclosed by the utility model is simple in structure, low in manufacturing cost, simple and convenient to operate during test and free from environmental influence; the requirement for a specified whole machine drop test of a miniature and light unmanned aircraft is met, and the test efficiency and the accuracy of a test result are improved.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The utility model belongs to the unmanned aerial vehicle test technical field, concretely relates to a civil unmanned aerial vehicle whole machine drop test frock. BACKGROUND

[0002] With the development of low-altitude economy in China, various civil unmanned aerial vehicles are widely used in logistics, inspection, photography, agriculture and other scenes. Civil unmanned aerial vehicles are usually detected according to the standard GB 42590-2023 "Safety Requirements for Civil Unmanned Aerial Vehicle Systems".

[0003] GB 42590-2023 "Safety Requirements for Civil Unmanned Aerial Vehicle Systems" clause 5.6.2 provides that the whole machine drop of micro and light unmanned aerial vehicles should be carried out according to the following steps:

[0004] a) Before the test, check whether the test piece and test site meet the test requirements, and adjust the battery capacity of the unmanned aerial vehicle to 30% ± 2% of the full capacity;

[0005] b) If the unmanned aerial vehicle is equipped with a parachute and other drop protection measures, test and record the equivalent height;

[0006] c) Use a lifting rope to hoist the unmanned aerial vehicle at multiple points, and perform whole machine drop in single-point suspension and release mode. The lifting system can make the test piece reach a relative impact height of 10m or equivalent height in flight state, with an error of ±2cm or less;

[0007] d) Adjust the length of the lifting rope to make the test piece in a horizontal attitude, with an error of ±5° or less. The attitude of the test piece can be measured by non-contact measurement means such as ground high-speed camera system;

[0008] e) Choose a light and soft lifting rope, and the additional weight of the soft rope connected to the test piece should not exceed 5% of the weight of the unmanned aerial vehicle;

[0009] f) When the attitude and height of the test piece both meet the predetermined requirements, release the lock to make the test piece free-fall to the hard-paved cement road;

[0010] g) Use a high-speed camera to observe the collision attitude failure process of the unmanned aerial vehicle hitting the ground. After the collision test is completed, visually observe for 30 minutes to confirm whether the battery is self-igniting, on fire or other phenomena;

[0011] h) Record the test process parameters and test phenomena, and take photos to keep the test video data.

[0012] The standard clearly indicates that the unmanned aerial vehicle should be "multi-point hoisted by a lifting rope during the test, and the whole machine drop should be carried out in a single-point suspension and release mode", and the drop height should reach 10m±2cm. Many existing unmanned aerial vehicle whole machine drop test equipment cannot meet the requirements of the standard. Therefore, further improvement is made for the above problems. Content of the utility model

[0013] The main purpose of the utility model is to provide a civil unmanned aerial vehicle whole machine drop test tool, which has simple tool structure, low manufacturing cost, simple operation during the test and is not affected by the environment. The tool can meet the requirements of the whole machine drop test of the micro and light unmanned aerial vehicles specified in GB 42590-2023 "Safety requirements for civil unmanned aerial vehicle systems", and improve the test efficiency and accuracy of the test results.

[0014] In order to achieve the above purpose, the utility model provides a civil unmanned aerial vehicle whole machine drop test tool, which comprises a lifting frame, a clamping and releasing assembly and a lifting rope assembly, wherein:

[0015] The lifting frame comprises a mounting frame, a motor, a lifting cable and a lifting hook, the motor is installed at the top end of the mounting frame, the upper end of the lifting cable is installed at the driving end of the motor, and the lower end of the lifting cable is provided with the lifting hook;

[0016] The clamping and releasing assembly comprises a jaw head, a rubber pad, a counterforce spring, an electromagnet, an iron block, a pin, a jaw handle, a battery box and a lifting ring, the upper end of the two jaw heads and the lower end of the jaw handle are connected by drilling holes and using the pin, the upper end of the jaw handle is fixedly installed at the bottom of the battery box, and the lifting ring is fixedly installed at the top of the battery box, and the lifting ring is hung on the lifting hook; the lower end of each of the two jaw heads is provided with the rubber pad, the counterforce spring is located above the rubber pad and is fixedly installed between the two jaw heads, the electromagnet and the iron block are located above the counterforce spring, the electromagnet is fixedly installed on the inner side of one jaw head, and the iron block is fixedly installed on the inner side of the other jaw head;

[0017] The lifting rope assembly comprises a bottom lifting rope, a movable rope lock, a rope sleeve, a fixed rope lock, an anti-disengagement terminal, a clamping block and a top lifting rope, the top end of the bottom lifting rope is inserted into the bottom of the rope sleeve and the anti-disengagement terminal is installed after being inserted into the top of the rope sleeve, the movable rope lock is installed at the bottom end of the bottom lifting rope, the fixed rope lock for adjusting the length of the lifting rope is installed in the rope sleeve, one end of the top lifting rope is installed in the rope sleeve, the other end of the top lifting rope is provided with the clamping block, and the clamping block is located between the two jaw heads when being clamped.

[0018] As a further preferred technical solution of the above technical solution, the mounting frame comprises a base, a stand, an inclined brace, an X-shaped support, a cross beam, a longitudinal beam and a longitudinal bar, wherein:

[0019] Two sides of the base are respectively fixedly provided with a pair of two stands, and the two stands on each side are provided with the inclined brace between the base, and the X-shaped support is arranged between the two stands on each side;

[0020] The upper ends of each pair of the stands are provided with the longitudinal beam, the upper ends of the two corresponding stands on the opposite sides are provided with the cross beam, and the two longitudinal bars are arranged between the two cross beams, and the motor is fixedly arranged between the two longitudinal bars.

[0021] As a further preferred technical solution of the above technical solution, the clamping and releasing assembly further comprises a releasing indicator lamp and a clamping indicator lamp, and the releasing indicator lamp and the clamping indicator lamp are arranged on the battery box and used for visually displaying the clamping and releasing state of the pliers head.

[0022] As a further preferred technical solution of the above technical solution, the base is fixed on the hard paving cement pavement by using (M20) stainless steel expansion screws.

[0023] As a further preferred technical solution of the above technical solution, the battery box is internally provided with a battery and a control panel.

[0024] The beneficial effects of the utility model lie in:

[0025] 1. The tooling can realize multi-point lifting of the unmanned aerial vehicle to be tested, and can realize single-point suspension and release to perform whole machine drop test, and the length of the lifting rope can be conveniently adjusted to make the tested product be in a horizontal posture before falling, and the relative height of the tested product impacting the ground can reach 10 m.

[0026] 2. The clamping and releasing device of the tooling can be remotely controlled to be opened, the height of the tested product can be conveniently lifted and lowered, the drop height error can be controlled within ±2 cm, the operation is simple, and one person can complete the whole unmanned aerial vehicle drop test.

[0027] 3. The tooling has simple structure, low manufacturing and using economic cost, safety, reliability and durability, high practicability, and can not be affected by external environment during test. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0028] Figure 1 It is the overall schematic view of the utility model.

[0029] Figure 2 It is the structural schematic view of the hanger of the utility model.

[0030] Figure 3It is the structure schematic diagram of the clamping release assembly of the utility model.

[0031] Figure 4 It is the structure schematic diagram of the hanging rope assembly of the utility model.

[0032] The figure mark includes: hanging bracket 1, base 11, stand 12, inclined brace 13, X type support 14, crossbeam 15, longitudinal beam 16, longitudinal beam 17, motor 18, sling 19, lifting hook 20;Clamping release assembly 2, pincer head 21, rubber pad 22, counterforce spring 23, electromagnet 24, iron block 25, pin 26, pincer handle 27, battery box 28, lifting ring 29, release indicator lamp 30, clamping indicator lamp 31;Hanging rope assembly 3, bottom hanging rope 41, movable rope lock 42, rope sleeve 43, fixed rope lock 44, anti-disengagement terminal 45, clamping block 46, top hanging rope 47. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0033] The following description is used to disclose the utility model so that those skilled in the art can realize the utility model. The preferred embodiments in the following description are only as examples, and other obvious variants can be thought of by those skilled in the art. The basic principles of the utility model defined in the following description can be applied to other implementation schemes, variant schemes, improved schemes, equivalent schemes and other technical schemes without departing from the spirit and scope of the utility model.

[0034] The utility model discloses a kind of civil unmanned aerial vehicle whole machine drop test tool, the following in conjunction with preferred embodiment, the specific embodiment of utility model is further described.

[0035] In the embodiment of the utility model, those skilled in the art pay attention, civil unmanned aerial vehicle (drone, test product) etc. related by the utility model can be regarded as prior art.

[0036] Preferred embodiment.

[0037] As Figure 1 The utility model discloses a kind of civil unmanned aerial vehicle whole machine drop test tool, including hanging bracket 1, clamping release assembly 2 and hanging rope assembly 3, wherein:

[0038] Hanging bracket as Figure 2 The hanging bracket includes mounting frame, motor 18, sling 19 and lifting hook 20, the motor 18 is installed at the top of the mounting frame, the upper end of the sling 19 is installed at the driving end of the motor 18 and the lower end of the sling 19 is installed with the lifting hook 20;

[0039] The mounting frame includes base 11, stand 12, inclined brace 13, X type support 14, crossbeam 15, longitudinal beam 16 and longitudinal beam 17, wherein:

[0040] The base 11 is fixedly installed with a pair of two columns 12 on both sides, and the two columns 12 on each side are provided with the inclined braces 13 between the base 11, and the X-shaped support 14 is installed between the two columns 12 on each side;

[0041] The longitudinal beams 16 are installed between the upper ends of each pair of columns 12, and the cross beams 15 are installed between the upper ends of the corresponding columns 12 on the opposite sides, and the two longitudinal bars 17 are installed between the two cross beams 15, and the motor 18 is fixedly installed between the two longitudinal bars 17.

[0042] The hanger 1 is a support structure of the whole tooling, which is assembled and welded by rectangular steel pipes with a size of 120*60*5mm. The height of the hanger (not including the motor) is 11.5m, which meets the height requirement of the whole machine drop test of the civil unmanned aerial vehicle. The base 11 is rectangular, with a length of 7m, which is greater than the wingspan of the general civil unmanned aerial vehicle, and a width of 5.8m, which is greater than the length of the general civil unmanned aerial vehicle, so as to ensure that the civil unmanned aerial vehicle can drop to the hard-paved cement pavement below the base without touching the steel pipe during the drop test. The base 11 is fixed on the hard-paved cement pavement by using M20 stainless steel expansion screws to prevent the hanger from shaking during the test. There are four columns 12, which are vertically symmetrically welded on both sides of the midpoint of the long side of the base 11 in pairs, with a spacing of 1.6m. An X-shaped support 14 is used to connect between a pair of columns 12, and an inclined brace 13 is welded on the outer side of each column 12. The height of the upper edge of the X-shaped support 14 and the inclined brace 13 from the ground is not less than 8m, which effectively supports the column 12 to prevent it from falling. A longitudinal beam 16 is welded between the upper ends of each pair of columns 12, and a cross beam 15 is welded between the upper ends of the corresponding columns on the opposite sides. Two longitudinal bars 17 are welded between the two cross beams 15 with a spacing suitable for installing the motor 18. The motor 18 is fixedly installed on the longitudinal bar 17, and the rotating speed is adjustable to ensure that the unmanned aerial vehicle rises smoothly when hoisted, and the height can be accurately controlled. The position of the shaft of the motor 18 is approximately located at the center of the base 11. The hoisting cable 19 is installed on the shaft of the motor 18, and the hook 20 is installed at the lower end of the hoisting cable 19.

[0043] The clamping and releasing assembly structure is as shown in Figure 3The clamp release assembly comprises two pincers 21, rubber pads 22, counterforce springs 23, electromagnets 24, iron blocks 25, pins 26, pincer handles 27, battery boxes 28 and lifting rings 29. The upper ends of the two pincers 21 and the lower ends of the pincer handles 27 are connected by the pins 26 after being drilled. The upper ends of the pincer handles 27 are fixedly installed on the bottom of the battery boxes 28, and the lifting rings 29 are fixedly installed on the top of the battery boxes 28. The lifting rings 29 are hung on the hooks 20. The lower ends of the two pincers 21 are each internally installed with a rubber pad 22. The counterforce springs 23 are located above the rubber pads 22 and are fixedly installed between the two pincers 21. The electromagnets 24 and the iron blocks 25 are both located above the counterforce springs 23. The electromagnets 24 are fixedly installed on the inner side of one pincer 21, and the iron blocks 25 are fixedly installed on the inner side of the other pincer 21.

[0044] The upper end of the pincers 21 clamping the release assembly is less than half the thickness of the lower end, and the two pincers 21 are identical in shape. Rubber pads 22 are attached to the inner side of the lower part of the pincers 21 to increase friction and prevent slipping, preventing the hoisting rope assembly from falling off accidentally during clamping and causing the unmanned aerial vehicle under test to fall prematurely. The pincers 27 are shaped like an inverted "V" with the upper part thicker than the lower part. The upper end of the two pincers 21 and the lower end of the pincers 27 are connected by a pin 26 after drilling holes, and the pincers 21 can rotate around the pin 26, forming a complete clamp. The assembled clamp is consistent in thickness at the upper and lower ends, ensuring that it is aligned left and right. When the clamp holds the clamping block of the hoisting rope assembly, the sides of the two pincers 21 are parallel to the sides of the clamping block to achieve optimal results. The counterforce spring 23 is installed between the two pincers, above the rubber pads 22, providing a force to open the clamp after the electromagnet 24 is de-energized, thereby releasing the clamping block of the hoisting rope assembly and causing the unmanned aerial vehicle under test to fall. The electromagnet 24 is installed inside the pincers 21, above the counterforce spring 23, and generates a magnetic force to attract the iron block 25 when energized, thereby generating a clamping force. The iron block 25 is installed inside the other pincers 21 at a position corresponding to the electromagnet 24, and the two are equal in size. The upper end of the pincers 21 where the electromagnet 24 is installed is hollow, with a hole drilled parallel to the pin 26, and the wires are introduced from outside the hole to connect the battery and the electromagnet 24 inside. The pincers 27 are fixedly installed on the lower surface of the battery box 28. A hole is drilled vertically near the pincers 27 on the lower surface of the battery box 28, and the wires are introduced from the hole. The battery box 28 contains a battery and a control panel, which can achieve remote control of the on-off switch, thereby remotely controlling the clamping and release of the clamp. The lifting ring 29 is fixedly installed on the upper surface of the battery box 28, and the hook 20 can be used to hook the lifting ring 29 to lift the entire clamping and release assembly during testing. The release indicator light 30 and the clamping indicator light 31 are used to display the state of the clamp. When the electromagnet 24 is de-energized, the release indicator light 30 displays green and the clamping indicator light 31 is off; when the electromagnet 24 is energized, the clamping indicator light 31 displays red and the release indicator light 30 is off. The clamping and release assembly is balanced by the position of the battery installed in the battery box 28, i.e. when the assembly is stationary after being lifted, the entire clamping and release assembly is in a horizontal state.

[0045] The structure of the hoisting rope assembly is shown in Figure 4 Figure 4 The left is a hoisting rope assembly with three hoisting ropes, Figure 4 ​The right is a four-rope assembly with four ropes for lifting different types of unmanned aerial vehicles. The four-rope assembly includes a bottom rope 41, a movable rope lock 42, a rope sleeve 43, a fixed rope lock 44, a anti-pulling terminal 45, a clamp block 46 and a top rope 47. The top end of the bottom rope 41 is inserted into the bottom of the rope sleeve 43 and the anti-pulling terminal 45 is installed after the top end is pulled out of the top of the rope sleeve 43. The movable rope lock 42 is installed at the bottom end of the bottom rope 41. The fixed rope lock 44 is installed in the rope sleeve 43 for adjusting the length of the bottom rope 41. One end of the top rope 47 is installed in the rope sleeve 43 and the other end of the top rope 47 is installed with the clamp block 46. The clamp block 46 is clamped between the two jaw heads 21.

[0046] The four-rope assembly is divided into three-rope assembly and four-rope assembly for lifting different types of unmanned aerial vehicles. The bottom rope 41 and the top rope 47 are made of high molecular material with light weight and good toughness. The movable rope lock 42 has two holes. The bottom rope 41 is inserted into one hole from top to bottom and then inserted into the other hole from bottom to top. The bottom rope 41 can be moved by pressing the button on the rope lock. The bottom rope 41 can be locked by releasing the button, so as to conveniently adjust the size of the sleeve to fit different parts of the unmanned aerial vehicle. The function of the rope sleeve 43 is to fix the relative position between the bottom ropes 41. The three ropes of the three-rope assembly form an equilateral triangle when viewed from above. The four ropes of the four-rope assembly form a square when viewed from above. The fixed rope lock 44 is installed in the rope sleeve 43 for adjusting the length of the bottom rope 41, so as to adjust the tested unmanned aerial vehicle to a horizontal attitude before falling. The bottom rope 41 can be moved up and down by pressing the button on the fixed rope lock 42. The bottom rope 41 can be locked by releasing the button. The anti-pulling terminal 45 is fixedly connected with the upper end of the bottom rope 41 to prevent the bottom rope 41 from being pulled out of the hole of the rope sleeve 43. The clamp block 46 is a right quadrangular prism. When the clamp block 46 is clamped, the side is parallel to the side of the jaw head, so that the rubber pad 22 is in full contact with the side surface, and the effect is best. The clamp block 46 is connected with the rope sleeve 43 through a top rope 47. The top rope 47 is fixedly installed at the center of the upper surface of the rope sleeve 43 and the center of the lower surface of the clamp block 46. The clamp block 46 is made of light non-metallic material and is clamped by the clamp jaw during testing.

[0047] The test steps of using the tooling to conduct the whole machine drop test of the civil unmanned aerial vehicle are as follows:

[0048] (1) Adjust the battery capacity of the tested civil unmanned aerial vehicle to 30% ± 2% of the full capacity;

[0049] (2) Place the test product on the ground. Select a three-rope assembly or a four-rope assembly according to the shape of the test product, and tighten the bottom rope around different parts of the test product;

[0050] (3) using the clamping jaw of the clamping and releasing assembly to clamp the clamping block of the hoisting rope assembly, using the hook of the hoisting frame to hook the lifting ring of the clamping and releasing assembly to perform a trial hoisting, hoisting the test object to a certain height from the ground, using a high-speed camera system and other non-contact means to measure the posture of the test object, adjusting the length of the hoisting rope to make the test object in a horizontal state, with a deviation of ±5°;

[0051] (4) after adjusting the posture of the test object, slowly hoisting it to a height of 10m, using a range finder or other suitable equipment to measure its height from the ground, with an error of within ±2cm;

[0052] (5) opening the clamping jaw of the clamping and releasing assembly, making the test object and the hoisting rope assembly free fall to a hard-paved cement road, using a high-speed camera to observe the process of the test object hitting the ground, after the drop test, visually observing for 30min to confirm whether the test object battery is self-ignited, on fire or other phenomena;

[0053] (6) recording the test process parameters and test phenomena, and taking photos, and keeping test video data.

[0054] It is worth mentioning that the technical features of the civil unmanned aerial vehicle (drone, test object) involved in the utility model patent application should be regarded as prior art, the specific structure, working principle and possible control mode and spatial arrangement mode of these technical features can be selected conventionally in the art, and should not be regarded as the invention point of the utility model patent, and the utility model patent will not be further expanded and described in detail.

[0055] For those skilled in the art, the technical solutions recorded in the foregoing embodiments can still be modified, or some technical features can be replaced equivalently, and any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. within the spirit and principles of the utility model should be included in the protection scope of the utility model.

Claims

1. A civil unmanned aerial vehicle whole machine drop test tool, characterized in that, The hanging bracket, the clamping and releasing assembly and the hanging rope assembly are provided, wherein: The hanging bracket comprises a mounting frame, a motor, a sling and a hook, the motor is installed at the top end of the mounting frame, the upper end of the sling is installed at the driving end of the motor and the lower end of the sling is installed with the hook; The clamping and releasing assembly comprises two pincers, rubber pads, counterforce springs, electromagnets, iron blocks, pins, a handle, a battery box and a ring, the upper end of the two pincers and the lower end of the handle are connected by the pins after being drilled, the upper end of the handle is fixedly installed at the bottom of the battery box and the ring is fixedly installed at the top of the battery box, the ring is hung on the hook, the inner side of the lower end of the two pincers is installed with the rubber pad, the counterforce spring is located above the rubber pad and is fixedly installed between the two pincers, the electromagnet and the iron block are located above the counterforce spring, the electromagnet is fixedly installed at the inner side of one pincer and the iron block is fixedly installed at the inner side of the other pincer; The hanging rope assembly comprises a bottom hanging rope, a movable rope lock, a rope sleeve, a fixed rope lock, an anti-extrusion terminal, a clamping block and a top hanging rope, the top end of the bottom hanging rope is inserted into the bottom of the rope sleeve and the anti-extrusion terminal is installed after being inserted into the top of the rope sleeve, the movable rope lock is installed at the bottom end of the bottom hanging rope, the fixed rope lock for adjusting the length of the hanging rope is installed at the rope sleeve, one end of the top hanging rope is installed at the rope sleeve and the other end of the top hanging rope is installed with the clamping block, the clamping block is located between the two pincers when being clamped.

2. The whole machine drop test tooling for a civilian unmanned aerial vehicle according to claim 1, characterized in that, The mounting frame comprises a base, columns, diagonal braces, X-shaped supports, cross beams, longitudinal beams and longitudinal bars, wherein: A pair of two columns is fixedly installed at the two sides of the base and the diagonal brace is arranged between each of the two columns and the base, the X-shaped support is installed between each pair of columns; The longitudinal beam is installed between the upper ends of each pair of columns, the cross beam is installed between the upper ends of the two corresponding columns on the opposite side, the two longitudinal bars are installed between the two cross beams and the motor is fixedly installed between the two longitudinal bars.

3. The whole machine drop test tooling for a civilian unmanned aerial vehicle according to claim 2, characterized in that, The clamping and releasing assembly further comprises a releasing indicator light and a clamping indicator light, the releasing indicator light and the clamping indicator light are installed at the battery box for directly displaying the clamping and releasing state of the pincers.

4. The whole machine drop test tooling for a civilian unmanned aerial vehicle according to claim 2, wherein, The base is fixed on the hard paved cement pavement by stainless steel expansion screws.

5. The whole machine drop test tooling for a civilian unmanned aerial vehicle according to claim 1, wherein, The battery and a control board are installed in the battery box.

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