Point ring light spot lens and optical system

Abstract

The utility model belongs to the field of optical systems, and particularly discloses a point ring light spot lens and an optical system.The point ring light spot lens comprises a lens body, the front end face of the lens body in the light beam incident direction is an incident plane, the rear end face of the lens body is an emergent plane, and the incident plane comprises an incident plane located in the middle and an incident inclined plane surrounding the incident plane; the incident inclined plane inclines towards the emergent plane, and the emergent plane protrudes towards the side deviating from the incident plane. Through the structural design of the lens body, when a light beam penetrates through the incident plane in the center, a point light spot is formed, after the light beam is refracted by the incident inclined plane, an annular light spot is formed, so that the point annular light spot can be formed, the point annular light spot has a specific energy ratio, and the production efficiency is improved by adopting lens bodies of different specifications or machining the lens bodies in production. And the light spots can be flexibly adjusted according to different process requirements, so that high-precision machining of micro-sized workpieces is realized, and the machining precision is greatly improved.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application belongs to the field of optical systems, and more particularly relates to a point-ring light spot lens and an optical system. BACKGROUND

[0002] Point-ring light spot welding is a method of using a laser beam to form a point-ring light spot in a welding area for welding, which has the advantages of high precision, low heat influence, fast welding speed, suitability for various materials, non-contact, high automation, environmental protection and energy saving, and is widely used in various industrial fields.

[0003] In the related art, most laser manufacturers obtain a point-ring light spot for welding by developing a core-ring multi-layer optical fiber, but there are problems such as high equipment cost, difficult use and maintenance, and the size parameters of the point-ring light spot generated by the optical fiber cannot be adjusted, which has poor applicability and affects the processing precision. CONTENT OF THE UTILITY MODEL

[0004] In view of the defects of the prior art, the present application provides a point-ring light spot lens and an optical system, aiming to solve the problems of high cost and difficult maintenance in welding by using an optical fiber to generate a point-ring light spot, and the size of the point-ring light spot cannot be adjusted, which affects the processing precision.

[0005] The point-ring light spot lens provided by the present application specifically comprises a lens body, the front end face of the lens body along the light beam entering direction is an incident face, and the rear end face is an exit face, the incident face comprises an incident plane located in the middle and an incident inclined plane surrounding the incident plane, the incident inclined plane is inclined to the exit face direction, and the exit face is convex to the side away from the incident face.

[0006] Compared with the prior art, the above technical scheme conceived by the present application can form a point-ring light spot by the light beam passing through the central incident plane and forming a point light spot, and then forming a ring light spot after refraction by the incident inclined plane, so that the point-ring light spot can be used for welding work after focusing, different point-ring light spot sizes can be obtained by using different specifications of the lens body or machining the lens body, the light spot can be flexibly adjusted according to different process requirements, high-precision machining of small-size workpieces can be realized, and the processing precision is greatly improved.

[0007] As a further preferred, the refractive index of the lens body is 1.4-1.8.

[0008] As a further preferred, the included angle between the incident inclined plane and the radial plane of the lens body is 0.5°-10°.

[0009] As a further preferred, the exit face is a spherical face with a radius not less than 10 mm.

[0010] As a further preferred, the point-ring light spot lens further comprises an anti-reflection film arranged on the incident surface and the exit surface.

[0011] By adopting the technical scheme, the anti-reflection film is adopted to improve the light transmittance of the lens body and reduce energy loss.

[0012] The optical system provided by the application specifically comprises the point-ring light spot lens, and further comprises a laser for providing a laser beam, wherein the lens body is located on an optical path generated by the laser.

[0013] By adopting the technical scheme, the laser is adopted to provide the laser beam, and the power of the laser can be adjusted, so that the spot energy can be controlled.

[0014] As a further preferred, the optical system further comprises a focusing lens, wherein the focusing lens and the lens body are located on the same optical path.

[0015] By adopting the technical scheme, the focusing lens is adopted to focus the laser beam into a point-ring light spot, and the size of the light spot can be changed by adjusting the position of the focusing lens.

[0016] As a further preferred, the optical system further comprises a galvanometer and a field lens, wherein the galvanometer, the field lens and the lens body are located on the same optical path.

[0017] By adopting the technical scheme, the laser beam can be adjusted in the emission angle under the action of the galvanometer, the position of the laser beam on the workpiece is changed, and accurate welding is realized; meanwhile, the field lens is adopted to enhance the incidence effect of the laser beam, and the welding effect is improved.

[0018] As a further preferred, the laser is any one of a fiber laser, a semiconductor laser or a gas laser.

[0019] By adopting the technical scheme, the laser can be selected according to actual operation requirements, and the applicability of the optical system is improved.

[0020] Overall, compared with the prior art, the above technical scheme conceived by the application mainly has the following technical advantages:

[0021] Through the lens arranged in the application, a point spot is formed after the light beam passes through the central incident plane, and a ring spot is formed after refraction through the incident inclined surface, so that a point-ring light spot can be formed, the point-ring light spots formed by each lens have a specific energy ratio, the point-ring light spot can be used for welding operation after focusing, different point-ring light spot sizes can be obtained by adopting different specifications of the lens body or machining the lens body, the spot can be flexibly adjusted according to different process requirements, high-precision machining of small-size workpieces is realized, and the machining precision is greatly improved. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0022] Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the lens body provided by the embodiment of the present application;

[0023] Figure 2 is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of an optical system provided by embodiment 1;

[0024] Figure 3 is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of another optical system provided by embodiment 1;

[0025] Figure 4 is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of an optical system provided by embodiment 2.

[0026] In all the drawings, the same reference signs are used to represent the same elements or structures, wherein:

[0027] 1, lens body; 11, incident surface; 111, incident plane; 112, incident inclined surface; 12, exit surface; 2, laser; 3, focusing lens; 4, galvanometer; 5, field lens. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0028] In order to make the purpose, technical scheme and advantages of the present application more clear, the present application is further described in detail below in combination with the drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are only used to explain the present application and not to limit the present application.

[0029] Conventional high-power laser beam welding process is prone to small particles or spatter due to unstable surface tension of the molten pool, voids, cracks or uneven welds in the weld due to poor temperature control during welding, and unstable welding quality due to fluctuations in welding parameters and changes in materials. These defects can affect the quality and performance of the welded parts, so when laser welding is performed, the welding parameters need to be carefully controlled, the appropriate materials need to be selected, the normal operation of the equipment needs to be ensured, and appropriate operation training and quality control measures need to be taken to minimize the occurrence of these defects. By using a point-ring light spot welding, compared with the traditional concentrated light spot, the size of the point-ring light spot is smaller and the heat input is lower, which can effectively reduce the heat affected zone of the processing area, reduce defects such as material spatter, voids, and unstable welding process, and improve the processing quality. The present application provides a point-ring light spot lens and an optical system, which can output a point-ring light spot with an ordinary laser, reduce process defects such as spatter and voids in laser welding, laser cladding, and laser additive manufacturing, not only greatly reduce the cost of equipment, but also can adjust the size parameters of the point-ring light spot by replacing the optical lens, which is more adaptive, and solves the problems of high cost and difficult maintenance of using an optical fiber to generate a point-ring light spot for welding, and the size of the point-ring light spot cannot be adjusted, which affects the processing precision.

[0030] ReferenceFigure 1 The point ring light spot lens disclosed in the application comprises a lens body 1 and an anti-reflection film, the front end surface of the lens body 1 along the light beam entering direction is an incident surface 11, the rear end surface is an exit surface 12, the incident surface 11 and the exit surface 12 are both provided with the anti-reflection film, a plurality of layers of anti-reflection films are plated on the surface of the lens body 1 by using a vacuum plating film technology, the reflection loss of light in the working wave band is minimized, the light transmittance of the lens body 1 is improved, and the energy loss is reduced, the incident surface 11 comprises an incident plane 111 located in the middle and an incident inclined surface 112 surrounding the incident plane 111, the incident inclined surface 112 is inclined to the exit surface 12, the exit surface 12 is protruded to the side away from the incident surface 11, so that the whole lens body 1 is composed of the left circular truncated cone structure and the right circular cylinder structure, the large end surface of the circular truncated cone structure is coaxially connected with one end of the circular cylinder structure and is an integral forming structure, and the other end of the circular cylinder structure is a protruded spherical surface; the incident surface 11 and the exit surface 12 of the lens body 1 both adopt an ultra-precision numerical control machining technology, such as a diamond cutting process, to ensure the size precision and surface quality.

[0031] Specifically, the lens body 1 can receive the divergent light beam from the light source, the light beam forms a point light spot without refraction after passing through the central incident plane 111, the light beam forms a ring light spot after refraction through the incident inclined surface 112, so that a point ring light spot can be formed, and the point ring light spot can be focused and output by using a focusing lens 3 for welding operation.

[0032] In the embodiment, the lens body 1 specifically adopts one lens, a circular axial wedge thickness with a radius R0 and a wedge angle a is removed from one side surface of the lens, that is, the radius of the lens body 1 is R0, and the range of R0 is 60mm-80mm, because the larger R0 is, the more refracted light rays are, and therefore the size of R0 determines the energy proportion of the point light spot and the ring light spot, that is, the larger R0 is, the higher the energy proportion of the point light spot is, and vice versa, the higher the energy proportion of the ring light spot is, the included angle (wedge angle) between the incident inclined surface 112 and the radial plane of the lens body 1 is a, and the range of a is 0.5°-10°, and the exit surface 12 is a spherical surface and the radius R2 thereof is not less than 10mm.

[0033] The optical system disclosed in the application can focus the laser beam into a point ring light spot, and can realize accurate control of the light spot size, shape and position by adjusting the position and parameters of the optical elements, can be designed and optimized according to the actual welding requirements, is flexible and convenient in structure design, solves the problems of uneven energy distribution and light beam sensitivity, and realizes more accurate machining precision and efficiency.

[0034] The optical system comprises the above-mentioned point-ring spot lens and a laser 2 for providing a laser beam, the laser 2 being any one of a fiber laser, a semiconductor laser or a gas laser, and the lens body 1 is located on the light path generated by the laser 2, and specifically, the lens body 1 is placed in an adjustable center lens adjusting structure commonly used in the art.

[0035] Embodiment 1

[0036] As Figure 2 The optical system further comprises a focusing lens 3, and in this embodiment, the lens body 1 is used as a collimating mirror, and the light beam can form a point-ring spot after passing through the lens body 1, and then the point-ring spot is output through the focusing lens 3. The focusing lens 3 is located in the same collimating system as the above-mentioned lens body 1, that is, the focusing lens 3 and the lens body 1 are located on the same light path. In this embodiment, the focusing lens 3 is arranged on the right side of the lens body 1, the laser beam is incident from the left side of the focusing lens 3, and then is emitted after passing through the focusing lens 3. The lens body 1 is used as a collimating mirror, and after the laser 2 is turned on, the laser beam is primarily focused through the lens body 1, is refracted into the wedge-shaped surface 112 with a wedge angle a, and the deflection of the refracted light beam is determined by the wedge angle a. The light is refracted and primarily focused into a virtual ring, and when passing through the incident plane 111, the light is collimated and passes through in parallel. The focusing lens 3 is used to output the point spot and the ring spot, and the radius R1 of the finally formed ring spot is determined by the wedge angle a and the refractive index n of the material of the lens body 1, and follows the relationship R1=a(n-1)F2, wherein n is the refractive index of the material of the lens body 1, and F2 is the focal length of the lens. In this embodiment, the material of the lens body 1 is BK7 glass, the refractive index n thereof is 1.5168, the focal length F2 of the focusing lens 3 is 50 mm, and if the required radius R1 of the ring spot is 1 mm, according to the formula R1=a(n-1)F2, the wedge angle a is 0.004 rad, that is, the lens body 1 specifically adopts a lens, and a circular wedge-shaped thickness with a wedge angle of 0.004 rad is removed from one side surface of the lens.

[0037] As Figure 3In another embodiment, the lens body 1 is used as a focusing lens, a focusing lens 3 is arranged between the lens body 1 and the laser 2, and the laser beam enters from the left side of the lens body 1 after passing through the focusing lens 3. The focusing lens 3 converts the input divergent light beam into a collimated circular parallel light beam. When the collimated circular parallel light beam passes through the lens body 1, part of the light beam passes through the incident plane 111 to form a central point spot, and the other part of the light beam passes through the incident inclined plane 112 to form an annular spot surrounding the point spot. In this embodiment, the material refractive index n of the lens body 1 is 1.5, the wedge angle a is 0.5°, the focal length F2 of the focusing lens 3 is 50mm, and according to the formula R1=a(n-1)F2, the annular spot radius R1 is 3.75mm, and the radius R2 of the exit surface 12 is 15mm to ensure the smoothness of the transition area and reduce optical distortion.

[0038] This embodiment can obtain a point-ring spot with a specific energy ratio, and the radius of the annular spot can be adjusted according to the processing needs, realizing the focusing and regulation of the input light beam. The point-ring spot generated by this system can be applied to the fields of laser processing and optical measurement, etc., to improve the processing precision and measurement accuracy.

[0039] Embodiment 2:

[0040] As Figure 4 The optical system further includes a galvanometer 4 and a field lens 5. In this embodiment, the lens body 1 is used as a collimating lens, and the light beam can form a point-ring spot after passing through the lens body 1, and then the point-ring spot is output through the galvanometer 4 and the field lens 5. The galvanometer 4 and the field lens 5 are located on the same optical path as the lens body 1. The laser beam enters from the left side of the lens body 1. The galvanometer 4 is arranged on the right side of the lens body 1 and is used to adjust the propagation direction of the light beam. The galvanometer 4 rapidly swings according to a predetermined path to guide the light beam to the field lens 5. The field lens 5 is arranged below the galvanometer 4. The positions and angles of the lens body 1, the galvanometer 4 and the field lens 5 are adjusted as needed to achieve the desired point-ring spot output effect. After the laser 2 is turned on, the desired point-ring spot output is obtained through the lens body 1, the galvanometer 4 and the field lens 5. In this embodiment, the material refractive index n of the lens body 1 is 1.5, the focal length F2 of the focusing lens 3 is 100mm, and if the desired annular spot radius R1 is 5mm, according to the formula R1=a(n-1)F2, the wedge angle a is 0.1 rad.

[0041] By precisely designing and adjusting the above components, the optical system of this embodiment can achieve high-precision and high-stability point-ring spot output. This system is particularly suitable for applications that require precise control of spot shape and energy distribution, such as laser welding, material processing, additive manufacturing, etc.

[0042] The application can conveniently control the energy ratio of the point light spot and the ring light spot and the size of the ring light spot by adjusting the lens body inner diameter R0 and the wedge angle a, and adapt to different application requirements

[0043] It should be emphasized that the above examples are only preferred solutions of the present application, and specific parameters and configurations can be adjusted according to actual application scenarios. For example, the power of the laser, the focal length of the focusing mirror, the specifications of the galvanometer and the field lens, etc. can all be selected according to actual needs. In addition, the material of the lens is not limited to BK7 glass, and other materials with appropriate refractive index and light transmission performance can be selected.

[0044] It should be understood that the expressions such as "include" and "may include" used in the present application represent the existence of the disclosed functions, operations or constituent elements, and do not limit one or more additional functions, operations and constituent elements. In the present application, terms such as "include" and / or "have" can be interpreted to represent a specific feature, number, operation, constituent element, component or combination thereof, but cannot be interpreted to exclude the existence or addition of one or more other features, numbers, operations, constituent elements, components or combinations thereof.

[0045] It should be understood that the terms "center", "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "inner", "outer", "clockwise", "counterclockwise", "axial", "radial", "circumferential" and the like indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the present application and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the devices or elements referred to must have a particular orientation, be constructed and operated in a particular orientation, and therefore cannot be understood as limiting the present application.

[0046] In addition, the terms "first", "second" are only for descriptive purposes and cannot be understood as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of the indicated technical features. Therefore, the features defined with "first", "second" can explicitly or implicitly include one or more of the features. In the description of the present application, the meaning of "multiple" is two or more, unless otherwise specifically limited.

[0047] In the present application, unless otherwise specifically defined and limited, the terms "mount", "connect", "connect", "fix" and the like should be understood broadly, for example, it can be fixedly connected, or it can be detachably connected, or integrally connected; it can be mechanically connected, or it can be electrically connected; it can be directly connected, or it can be indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, or it can be the communication inside two elements. For those skilled in the art, the specific meaning of the above terms in the present application can be understood according to the specific circumstances.

[0048] Those skilled in the art will easily understand that the above-mentioned is only the preferred embodiment of the present application, and is not used to limit the present application, any modification, equivalent replacement and improvement, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present application should be included in the protection scope of the present application.

Claims

1. A point-to-ring facula lens, characterized by, The lens body (1) has an incident plane (111) in the middle of the incident plane (11) and an incident inclined plane (112) surrounding the incident plane (111), the incident inclined plane (112) is inclined to the direction of the exit plane (12), and the exit plane (12) is convex to the side away from the incident plane (11).

2. A spot array lens as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that The refractive index of the lens body (1) is 1.4-1.

8.

3. A point-lens array according to claim 1, wherein The included angle between the incident inclined plane (112) and the radial plane of the lens body (1) is 0.5-10°.

4. A spot array lens as claimed in claim 1, wherein The exit plane (12) is a spherical plane with a radius not less than 10 mm.

5. A spot array lens as claimed in any one of claims 1-4, characterized in that The point ring light spot lens further comprises an anti-reflection film arranged on the incident plane (11) and the exit plane (12).

6. An optical system characterized by comprising: The point ring light spot lens further comprises a laser (2) for providing a laser beam, and the lens body (1) is located on the light path generated by the laser (2).

7. An optical system as claimed in claim 6, characterized in that The optical system further comprises a focusing lens (3) located on the same light path as the lens body (1).

8. An optical system as claimed in claim 6, characterized in that The optical system further comprises a galvanometer (4) and a field lens (5), and the galvanometer (4), the field lens (5) and the lens body (1) are located on the same light path.

9. An optical system as claimed in any one of claims 6-8, characterized in that The laser (2) is any one of a fiber laser, a semiconductor laser or a gas laser.

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