Simple blackbody furnace for teaching experiment

Abstract

The utility model belongs to the technical field of physics teaching experiment equipment, and particularly relates to a simple blackbody furnace. The experimental device comprises a hemispherical sample block, a PTC flat heater, a temperature sensor, a fan and a temperature indication and control module, the semispherical sample block is made of aluminum, and the semispherical surface is sprayed with fine sand and subjected to black anodic oxidation treatment to serve as a radiation source; the PTC flat plate heater clings to the plane of the semispherical sample block and is used for heating the sample block; the temperature sensor is tightly attached to the plane of the semispherical sample block and is used for sensing the temperature of the semispherical sample block; the fans are mounted behind the hemispherical sample blocks at intervals and face the planes of the hemispherical sample blocks; and the temperature indication and control module is connected with the PTC flat heater, the temperature sensor and the fan through cables, and is used for indicating and controlling the temperature of the hemispherical sample block. The utility model has the advantages of simple structure, low cost, convenience in use and easiness in manufacturing.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model belongs to the technical field of physics teaching experimental equipment, specifically relating to a simple blackbody furnace for teaching experiments. Background Technology

[0002] Any object with a temperature above absolute zero emits radiation and absorbs radiated energy from its surroundings. Objects at different temperatures and in different environments emit energy in the form of electromagnetic radiation. A blackbody, however, is a completely thermal radiator; its radiation capacity depends solely on its temperature. Blackbody radiation contains electromagnetic waves of various wavelengths, and the energy distribution according to wavelength is related to the temperature of the blackbody. In physics teaching, studying the laws of blackbody radiation is fundamental to understanding the thermal radiation properties of general objects and is also the experimental basis of quantum theory. In blackbody radiation experiments, firstly, radiant output is a very important parameter, defined as the energy radiated per unit surface area per unit time; secondly, verifying the inverse square law of blackbody radiation is also a crucial experimental task. Currently, most commercially available blackbody furnaces have either an internal cavity structure or a planar structure. Both structures have their limitations in experimental teaching—internal cavity blackbody furnaces, because their radiating surface is inside the furnace, make it difficult to calculate the radiant output from the surface area; planar blackbody furnaces cannot satisfy the inverse square law of blackbody radiation at relatively close measurement distances. To better meet the application needs in teaching experiments. Summary of the Invention

[0003] The purpose of this invention is to provide a simple blackbody furnace for teaching experiments that is simple in structure, low in cost, and easy to manufacture.

[0004] The simplified blackbody furnace for teaching experiments provided by this utility model includes: a hemispherical sample block, a PTC flat plate heater, a temperature sensor, a fan, a temperature indicator, and a control module; wherein:

[0005] The hemispherical sample is an aluminum hemisphere with a black fine sand layer attached to its surface, serving as a radiating surface.

[0006] The PTC flat plate heater is attached to the planar portion of the hemispherical sample block, with the heating surface facing the plane, and is used to heat the hemispherical sample block;

[0007] The temperature sensor is attached to the planar portion of the hemispherical sample block, with its sensing surface in close contact with the planar portion of the hemispherical sample block, and is used to sense the temperature of the hemispherical sample block.

[0008] The fan is mounted on the flat portion facing the hemispherical sample block for heat dissipation.

[0009] The temperature indicator and control module is connected to the PTC flat plate heater, temperature sensor and fan via cables, and can display the temperature of the hemispherical sample in real time, control the heating of the PTC flat plate heater and control the fan switch and speed.

[0010] In this invention, the black fine sand layer of the hemispherical sample block is attached by anodizing.

[0011] In this invention, the installation interval between the fan and the planar portion of the hemispherical sample block is 4-8 cm.

[0012] In this invention, aluminum material, due to its high thermal conductivity, can ensure the temperature uniformity of the hemispherical sample block, thereby ensuring the uniformity of emissivity in various regions on the hemispherical surface. The surface is sprayed with fine sand and subjected to black anodizing treatment to ensure that its emissivity is close to that of an ideal blackbody.

[0013] When using this invention, the target temperature is set and confirmed on the temperature indication and control module according to the experimental requirements. Then, based on the target temperature and the current temperature sensed by the temperature sensor, the temperature indication and control module automatically controls the PTC flat plate heater or fan to work, so that the hemispherical sample can reach the temperature required for the experiment. In addition, the PTC flat plate heater itself has a heating upper limit temperature. Even if the temperature indication and control module is out of control, the device will not exceed the upper limit temperature, thus ensuring the safety of the device.

[0014] After being heated, the black, frosted hemispherical surface becomes a radiation source, radiating heat outwards. On one side of the black hemispherical surface, radiation detection equipment such as infrared thermal radiation sensors, infrared thermal imagers, or infrared spectrometers can be installed to measure the thermal radiation of the black hemispherical surface.

[0015] This invention has a simple structure, low cost, is easy to manufacture, and has good teaching effect. Attached Figure Description

[0016] Figure 1 This is a structural diagram of the present invention.

[0017] The numbers in the diagram are as follows: 1 is a hemispherical sample block, 2 is a PTC flat plate heater, 3 is a temperature sensor, 4 is a fan, 5 is a temperature indicator and control module, and 6 is the device base. Detailed Implementation

[0018] The present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0019] The hemispherical sample 1 is made of aluminum, with its surface sandblasted and anodized in black, resulting in a black color and rough surface. It is fixed to the device base 6. A PTC flatbed heater 2 is attached to the radial plane of the hemispherical sample 1, with its heating surface facing the radial plane. When the PTC flatbed heater 2 is powered on, it heats the hemispherical sample 1. A temperature sensor 3 is mounted with its sensing surface attached to the radial plane of the hemispherical sample 1, adjacent to the PTC flatbed heater 2, and is used to sense the temperature of the hemispherical sample 1. A fan 4 is fixed to the device base 6 and located 4-8 cm behind the hemispherical sample 1, facing the radial plane of the hemispherical sample 1. When the fan 4 is powered on... Airflow can be used to dissipate heat from the hemispherical sample 1. The temperature indication and control module 5 is connected to the PTC flat plate heater 2, temperature sensor 3, and fan 4 via cables. When connected to the temperature sensor 3, the temperature indication and control module 5 can display the temperature sensed by the temperature sensor 3 in real time. When connected to the PTC flat plate heater 2, the temperature indication and control module 5 can control the power supply status of the PTC flat plate heater 2. When connected to the fan 4, the temperature indication and control module 5 can control the power supply status of the fan 4. Through its built-in PID control program, the temperature indication and control module 5 can perform temperature control actions such as heating and cooling on the hemispherical sample 1 using the PTC flat plate heater 2 and the fan 4.

[0020] In this device, aluminum material, due to its high thermal conductivity, can ensure the temperature uniformity of the hemispherical sample 1, thereby ensuring the uniformity of the emissivity in various regions on the hemispherical surface. The surface is sprayed with fine sand and subjected to black anodizing treatment to ensure that the emissivity of the hemispherical surface of the hemispherical sample 1 is close to that of an ideal blackbody.

[0021] When using this device, the target temperature is set and confirmed on the temperature indication and control module 5 according to the experimental requirements. Then, based on the target temperature and the current temperature sensed by the temperature sensor 3, the temperature indication and control module 5 automatically controls the power supply status of the PTC flat plate heater 2 or the fan 4 through a preset PID program to heat or cool the hemispherical sample 1, thereby bringing the hemispherical sample 1 to the temperature required for the experiment. In addition, the PTC flat plate heater 2 itself has a heating upper limit temperature. Even if the temperature indication and control module 5 is in a malfunctioning state, the device will not exceed this upper limit temperature, thus ensuring the safety of the device.

[0022] After being heated, the black, frosted hemispherical surface becomes a radiation source, radiating heat outwards. On one side of the black hemispherical surface, radiation detection equipment such as infrared thermal radiation sensors, infrared thermal imagers, or infrared spectrometers can be installed to measure the thermal radiation of the black hemispherical surface.

[0023] This invention redesigns a blackbody furnace with a hemispherical emitting surface, which facilitates the calculation of radiance and satisfies the inverse square law of blackbody radiation at a relatively close measurement distance. It also features a simple structure, low cost, and ease of manufacture. Furthermore, it can visually demonstrate the presence of electromagnetic waves of various wavelengths in blackbody radiation, and that the energy distribution according to wavelength is related to the temperature of the blackbody, making it suitable for classroom teaching experiments.

[0024] Although the above methods are illustrated and described as a series of structures for the sake of simplicity, it should be understood and appreciated that these methods are not specifically limited, as some structures may occur in different orders and / or concurrently with other actions from those illustrated and described herein or not illustrated and described herein but which may be understood by those skilled in the art, according to one or more embodiments.

[0025] The prior description of this disclosure is provided to enable any person skilled in the art to make or use this disclosure. Various modifications to this disclosure will be apparent to those skilled in the art, and the general principles defined herein may be applied to other variations without departing from the spirit or scope of this disclosure. Therefore, this disclosure is not intended to be limited to the examples and designs described herein, but should be accorded the widest scope consistent with the principles and novel features disclosed herein.

Claims

1. A simple blackbody furnace for teaching experiments, characterized in that, include: The components include a hemispherical sample block, a PTC flat plate heater, a temperature sensor, a fan, and a temperature indicator and control module; among which: The hemispherical sample is an aluminum hemisphere with a black fine sand layer attached to its surface, serving as a radiating surface. The PTC flat plate heater is attached to the planar portion of the hemispherical sample block, with the heating surface facing the plane, and is used to heat the hemispherical sample block; The temperature sensor is attached to the planar portion of the hemispherical sample block, with its sensing surface in close contact with the planar portion of the hemispherical sample block, and is used to sense the temperature of the hemispherical sample block. The fan is mounted on the flat portion facing the hemispherical sample block for heat dissipation. The temperature indicator and control module is connected to the PTC flat plate heater, temperature sensor and fan via cables, and can display the temperature of the hemispherical sample in real time, control the heating of the PTC flat plate heater and control the fan switch and speed.

2. The simplified blackbody furnace for teaching experiments as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The black fine sand layer on the hemispherical sample block was attached using anodizing treatment.

3. The simplified blackbody furnace for teaching experiments as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The installation interval between the fan and the planar portion of the hemispherical sample block is 4-8 cm.

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