Detachable cleaning frame and combine harvester

Abstract

The utility model discloses a detachable cleaning frame and a combine harvester in the technical field of grain combine harvesters, and aims to solve the problem of high cost caused by the fact that the whole frame assembly needs to be replaced when a cleaning frame sheet metal part is seriously damaged. The cleaning frame comprises a main body frame, and a turbine shell and a plurality of mounting connecting plates which are mounted in the main body frame; the turbine shell is provided with a plurality of openings, the turbine shell and the mounting connecting plate are respectively fixed on the main body frame, the turbine shell comprises a lower turbine shell, the mounting connecting plate comprises a grain box baffle plate and a residue box baffle plate, one end of the grain box baffle plate is connected with the lower turbine shell through a grain box bottom groove plate, and the other end of the grain box baffle plate is connected with the residue box baffle plate. The other end of the grain box baffle is connected with the impurity box baffle through the impurity box bottom groove plate, and the grain box bottom groove plate, the grain box baffle, the impurity box bottom groove plate, the impurity box baffle and the main body frame jointly form a cleaning area. According to the utility model, the structural optimization of the cleaning area can be realized, and the cleaning efficiency is improved.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The utility model relates to a detachable cleaning frame and combine harvester belongs to grain combine harvester technical field. BACKGROUND

[0002] The existing track type grain combine harvester generally adopts the welding integral type cleaning frame structure, and stress concentration is prone to occurring at the welding seam of this design, especially under the condition that the vibration of the combine harvester is more serious during operation, and the cleaning frame with thinner side plates is more prone to cracking at the welding seam. In addition, when a certain sheet metal part inside the cleaning frame is damaged due to the entry of foreign matter or other reasons, the entire cleaning frame usually needs to be disassembled and replaced, which not only increases the maintenance cost but also complicates the replacement process and affects the working efficiency of the combine harvester.

[0003] The cleaning frame in the prior art may also have deficiencies in wind distribution, resulting in low cleaning efficiency, especially when dealing with grains containing impurities such as rice hulls and straws. In addition, the existing cleaning frame is not efficient in straw processing, often failing to realize the resource utilization of straws, which has a certain impact on the environment. Therefore, the cleaning frame in the prior art has problems such as poor structural stability, inconvenient maintenance and replacement, low cleaning efficiency, and improper straw processing, which limits the performance and working efficiency of the combine harvester. SUMMARY

[0004] The utility model aims at overcoming the deficiencies in the prior art and providing a detachable cleaning frame and combine harvester, which can solve the problems of cracking of the welding type cleaning frame and high maintenance cost and improve the cleaning efficiency and resource utilization of straws.

[0005] To solve the above technical problems, the utility model is implemented by adopting the following technical scheme:

[0006] In a first aspect, a detachable cleaning main frame is characterized by comprising a main frame, a turbine shell and a plurality of installation connecting plates installed in the main frame; the turbine shell has a plurality of openings, and the turbine shell and the installation connecting plates are respectively detachably fixed on the main frame; the turbine shell comprises a lower turbine shell; the installation connecting plates comprise a kernel box baffle and a waste box baffle; one end of the kernel box baffle is connected to the lower turbine shell through a kernel box bottom groove plate; the other end of the kernel box baffle is connected to the waste box baffle through a waste box bottom groove plate; and the kernel box bottom groove plate, the kernel box baffle, the waste box bottom groove plate and the waste box baffle together constitute a cleaning area with the main frame.

[0007] Preferably, the turbine shell further comprises an upper turbine shell and a rear turbine shell, the combination surface of the upper turbine shell and the lower turbine shell is screwed, and the combination surface of the upper turbine shell and the rear turbine shell is screwed.

[0008] Preferably, both sides of the upper turbine shell, lower turbine shell and rear turbine shell are provided with a plurality of welding lug plates, and the upper turbine shell, lower turbine shell and rear turbine shell are fixed on the main body frame through the welding lug plates.

[0009] Preferably, the openings left by the turbine shell divide the cleaning wind into two paths, one path guides to the upper air outlet, and the other path guides to the lower air outlet, so as to separate the grain and the mixed residues.

[0010] Preferably, a plurality of residue guide plates are mounted at the tail of the main body frame, the residue guide plates are connected through a vibrating screen, a rubber baffle is arranged on the vibrating screen, and the rubber baffle is connected with the residue box baffle.

[0011] Preferably, the mounting connecting plate further comprises an upper guide plate and a lower guide plate, the cleaning wind in the lower air outlet is divided into a first air duct, a second air duct and a third air duct through the upper guide plate and the lower guide plate, the cleaning wind in the first air duct blows to the scale screen on the vibrating screen, the cleaning wind in the second air duct blows to the mesh screen on the vibrating screen, and the third air duct blows to above the grain tank bottom groove plate.

[0012] Preferably, the cleaning area comprises a grain area and a residue area, the grain tank baffle, the lower turbine shell and the grain tank bottom groove plate are screwed to form the grain area, and the grain tank baffle, the residue box baffle and the residue tank bottom groove plate are screwed to form the residue area.

[0013] Preferably, the grain tank baffle and the residue tank baffle are arranged obliquely to the rear.

[0014] Preferably, the height of the rearmost grain tank baffle is higher than that of the residue tank bottom groove plate, and a slope is formed between the grain tank baffle and the residue tank baffle.

[0015] In the second aspect, a combine harvester comprises a chopping device, and further comprises the detachable cleaning main body frame according to any one of the first aspect, and the residue guide plates send the separated mixed residues to the chopping device for crushing treatment.

[0016] Compared with the prior art, the utility model has the advantages of:

[0017] The cleaning frame designed in the utility model firstly installs turbine shells and a plurality of mounting connecting plates in the main body frame, realizes the structural optimization of the cleaning area, and improves the cleaning efficiency. The plurality of openings on the turbine shell can divide the cleaning wind into two paths, which can more effectively separate the grain and the mixed residues. The setting of the upper guide plate and the lower guide plate further refines the wind distribution, enhances the cleaning wind, and improves the cleaning effect.

[0018] Secondly, the seed box baffle is connected with the turbine shell, and the connection of the seed box bottom groove plate and the chaff box bottom groove plate forms a closed cleaning area, which helps to concentrate the processing of materials, reduces the scattering of materials, and improves the accuracy and efficiency of cleaning.

[0019] In addition, this design also has high flexibility and maintainability. Since the turbine shell and the installation connecting plate are fixedly connected with the main body frame, when the sheet metal part inside the cleaning frame is damaged, the damaged part can be individually disassembled and replaced, thereby reducing the maintenance cost and time. At the same time, the closed cleaning area design also reduces the loss of materials during the cleaning process, and improves the recovery rate of materials. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0020] Figure 1 is a structural schematic diagram of a detachable cleaning frame provided by the utility model;

[0021] Figure 2 is a structural schematic diagram of a turbine shell provided by the utility model;

[0022] Figure 3 is a structural schematic diagram of a lower air outlet guide structure provided by the utility model;

[0023] Figure 4 is a structural schematic diagram of a stirrer box provided by the utility model;

[0024] Figure 5 is a structural schematic diagram of a chaff guide plate provided by the utility model;

[0025] In the figure: 1, main body frame; 2, upper turbine shell; 3, lower turbine shell; 4, rear turbine shell; 5, rivet; 6, upper guide plate; 7, lower guide plate; 8, bolt; 9, seed box bottom groove plate; 10, seed box baffle; 11, chaff box bottom groove plate; 12, chaff box baffle; 13, rubber baffle; 14, chaff box guide plate; 24, upper air outlet; 34, lower air outlet; 234, welded lug plate; 341, first air duct; 342, first air duct; 343, first air duct. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0026] The utility model will be further described below in combination with the drawings. The following examples are only used to more clearly illustrate the technical scheme of the utility model, and cannot limit the protection scope of the utility model.

[0027] In the description of the utility model, it is necessary to understand that the orientation or positional relation indicated by the terms "center", "longitudinal", "transverse", "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer" and the like is the orientation or positional relation shown based on the drawings, and is only for the convenience of describing the utility model and simplifying the description, and therefore cannot be understood as indicating or implying that the devices or elements indicated must have a particular orientation, be constructed and operated in a particular orientation, and therefore cannot be understood as limiting the utility model. In addition, the terms "first", "second" and the like are only for the purpose of description, and cannot be understood as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of the technical features indicated. Therefore, the features limited by "first", "second" and the like can explicitly or implicitly include one or more features. In the description of the utility model, the meaning of "a plurality of" is two or more, unless otherwise specified.

[0028] In the description of the utility model, it should be explained that, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "mounting", "connection", "connection" should be understood in a broad sense, for example, it can be fixedly connected, or it can be detachably connected, or integrally connected; it can be mechanically connected, or it can be electrically connected; it can be directly connected, or it can be indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, or it can be connected inside two elements. For ordinary skilled in the art, the specific meaning of the above terms in the utility model can be understood through specific circumstances. Example 1

[0029] Referring to Figure 1 The utility model introduces a kind of detachable cleaning frame, to solve the problems of poor structural stability of cleaning frame, high maintenance cost, low cleaning efficiency and improper straw treatment in prior art.The cleaning frame includes a main frame 1, and turbine shell and multiple installation connecting plates are installed in the main frame 1, and turbine shell and multiple installation connecting plates are detachably fixedly connected with the main frame 1 by bolt 8 and rivet 5, in the embodiment, the turbine shell leaves two openings, and installation connecting plate includes grain tank baffle 10 and sundry tank baffle 12.The one end of grain tank baffle 10 is connected with lower turbine shell 3 in turbine shell by grain tank bottom groove plate 9, and the other end is connected with sundry tank baffle 12 by sundry tank bottom groove plate 11, and the cleaning area is defined by grain tank bottom groove plate 9, grain tank baffle 10, sundry tank bottom groove plate 11 and sundry tank baffle 12 with the main frame 1.

[0030] In summary, the cleaning frame allows for individual replacement of damaged components without dismantling the entire structure, significantly reducing maintenance time and costs. Additionally, the division of the cleaning area ensures efficient separation of grains and chaff, improving the accuracy and efficiency of the cleaning process. The fixing method of the turbine shell and the mounting connecting plate, as well as their connection with the main frame 1, are designed to enhance the structural stability of the entire cleaning frame, maintaining stability even under strong vibrations generated during the operation of the harvester, reducing the risk of cracking caused by welding. Example 2

[0031] Referring to Figure 2 , the turbine shell is composed of an upper turbine shell 2, a lower turbine shell 3, and a rear turbine shell 4. The joint surface between the upper turbine 2 and the lower turbine shell 3 is connected by rivets 5, and the joint surface between the upper turbine shell 2 and the rear turbine shell 4 is connected by rivets 5. This connection method reduces the wave deformation caused by welding, making the two sides fit more tightly, thereby reducing air volume loss and improving cleaning efficiency.

[0032] Each turbine shell is provided with multiple welded ear plates 234 on both sides. Each welded ear plate 234 fixes the three turbine shells on the main frame 1 through bolts 8 and rivets 5 to ensure the stability and durability of the main frame 1.

[0033] Further, the two openings left by the turbine shell divide the cleaning wind into two paths, one leading to the upper air outlet 23 and the other leading to the lower air outlet 34, thereby more effectively separating the grain and chaff mixture.

[0034] Referring to Figure 3 , the mounting connecting plate includes an upper guide plate 6, a lower guide plate 7, a kernel box baffle 10, and a chaff box baffle 12. The upper guide plate 6 and the lower guide plate 7 are fixed inside the main frame 1 through bolts 8 on both sides to support the structure of the entire cleaning frame and enhance the stability of the main frame 1. The upper guide plate 6 and the lower guide plate 7 on the mounting connecting plate further divide the wind from the lower air outlet 34 into three air ducts, namely the first air duct 341, the second air duct 342, and the third air duct 343.

[0035] Further, the first air duct 341 is responsible for blowing up the grain and chaff mixture, causing it to move upwards to the front of the fish scale screen of the vibrating screen, and then the grain and chaff mixture is screened behind the fish scale screen and falls onto the mesh screen; the second air duct 342 blows air from below the mesh screen to perform secondary screening on the mixture that has passed through the fish scale screen, to further separate the crop grain and chaff mixture; the third air duct 343 blows upwards above the kernel box bottom groove plate 9 to remove impurities above the kernel box bottom groove plate 9, ensuring that the collected kernels are more pure.

[0036] In this embodiment, the cleaning area is divided into grain area and waste area, the grain box baffle 10, the lower turbine shell 3 and the grain box bottom groove plate 9 constitute the grain area, and the grain box baffle 10, the waste box baffle 12 and the waste box bottom groove plate 11 constitute the waste area, which improves the efficiency and accuracy of cleaning.

[0037] Referring to Figure 4 , the grain box baffle 10 and the waste box baffle 12 are arranged obliquely to the rear, so that the material can flow automatically along the slope to the respective collection area. The height of the last grain box baffle 10 is higher than the waste box bottom groove plate 11, and a slope is formed between the grain box baffle 10 and the waste box baffle 12, which prevents the waste from entering the front grain box bottom groove when the feeding amount is large, and reduces the harvesting impurity rate.

[0038] Referring to Figure 5 , the tail of the main frame 1 is provided with a plurality of waste guide plates 14, and the plurality of waste guide plates 14 are connected through a vibrating screen. The vibrating screen is provided with a rubber baffle 13 for blocking the hollow part of the waste box baffle 12 and the waste guide plate 14. The rubber baffle 13 is connected with the waste box baffle 12, so as to help the separated waste mixture such as straw and rice husk to be sent to the chopping device along the angle of the guide plate, complete the crushing of the straw, improve the processing efficiency of the waste mixture, and reduce the environmental impact.

[0039] Overall, the design of the detachable cleaning frame not only improves the cleaning efficiency and reduces the maintenance cost, but also optimizes the distribution of cleaning wind and the automatic collection of materials, improves the working performance of the combine harvester and the environmental protection of material processing. In addition, the main frame 1 and the internal sheet metal part together form a rectangular structure, which helps to improve the load capacity of the cleaning frame. Embodiment 3

[0040] A combine harvester comprising a chopping device, further comprising the detachable cleaning frame of embodiment 1 and embodiment 2. After cleaning, the waste guide plate 14 sends the separated waste mixture into the chopping device for crushing treatment.

[0041] Work flow:

[0042] 1. The fan (not shown in the figure) installed inside the turbine shell provides cleaning wind;

[0043] 2. The upper air outlet of the turbine shell divides a cleaning wind into the upper surface of the vibrating screen, and coarsely blows the grain and waste mixture that needs to be cleaned;

[0044] 3. The cleaning wind from the lower air outlet of the turbine shell is divided into three concentrated cleaning winds by the upper guide plate and the lower guide plate, and is blown to different parts of the vibrating screen to coarsely blow the grain and waste mixture passing through the screen;

[0045] 4. Near the turbine shell place wind power, clean cleaning, vibration sieve screen down is grain, and collected to grain box bottom groove (under the turbine shell and the slope of the baffle of the residue box, facilitate the collection of grain bottom groove plate through the spiral stirring dragon to the granary);

[0046] 5. The second half of the screen is small, the mixed straw and rice husk in the grain is more, and the residue box is collected into the bottom groove plate; through the spiral to the upper side of the vibration sieve, secondary cleaning;

[0047] 6. The straw and rice husk of secondary cleaning fall into the residue guide plate which is set obliquely downward, and the part which exceeds the residue guide plate slides down and falls into the shredder for crushing.

[0048] The above is only the preferred embodiment of the present application, it should be pointed out that for ordinary skilled in the art, without departing from the technical principles of the present application, can make a number of improvements and deformation, these improvements and deformation should also be considered as the protection scope of the present application.

Claims

1. A detachable cleaning frame, characterized in that, The system includes a main frame (1), a turbine housing and multiple mounting connection plates installed within the main frame (1); the turbine housing has multiple openings, and the turbine housing and mounting connection plates are detachably fixed to the main frame (1). The turbine housing includes a lower turbine housing (3), and the mounting connection plates include a grain box baffle (10) and a waste box baffle (12). One end of the grain box baffle (10) is connected to the lower turbine housing (3) through a grain box bottom groove plate (9), and the other end of the grain box baffle (10) is connected to the waste box baffle (12) through a waste box bottom groove plate (11). The grain box bottom groove plate (9), the grain box baffle (10), the waste box bottom groove plate (11), the waste box baffle (12), and the main frame (1) together constitute a cleaning area.

2. The detachable cleaning frame according to claim 1, characterized in that, The turbine housing also includes an upper turbine housing (2) and a rear turbine housing (4). The upper turbine housing (2) and the lower turbine housing (3) are screwed together at their mating surfaces, and the upper turbine housing (2) and the rear turbine housing (4) are screwed together at their mating surfaces.

3. The detachable cleaning frame according to claim 2, characterized in that, Multiple welded lugs (234) are provided on both sides of the upper turbine housing (2), lower turbine housing (3) and rear turbine housing (4), and the upper turbine housing (2), lower turbine housing (3) and rear turbine housing (4) are fixed to the main frame (1) by the welded lugs (234).

4. The detachable cleaning frame according to claim 1, characterized in that, The opening in the turbine housing divides the cleaning air into two paths, one of which is guided to the upper outlet (23) and the other to the lower outlet (34), in order to separate the grain and impurity mixture.

5. The detachable cleaning frame according to claim 1, characterized in that, The tail of the main frame (1) is equipped with multiple waste guide plates (14), which are connected by a vibrating screen. The vibrating screen is provided with a rubber baffle (13), which is connected to the waste box baffle (12).

6. The detachable cleaning frame according to claim 4, characterized in that, The mounting connection plate also includes an upper guide plate (6) and a lower guide plate (7). The cleaning air in the lower air outlet (34) is divided into a first air duct (341), a second air duct (342) and a third air duct (343) by the upper guide plate (6) and the lower guide plate (7). The cleaning air in the first air duct (341) blows towards the fish scale screen on the vibrating screen, the cleaning air in the second air duct (342) blows towards the grid screen on the vibrating screen, and the third air duct (343) blows towards the top of the bottom trough plate (9) of the grain box.

7. The detachable cleaning frame according to claim 1, characterized in that, The cleaning area includes a grain area and a waste area. The grain box baffle (10), the lower turbine housing (3), and the grain box bottom groove plate (9) are screwed together to form the grain area. The grain box baffle (10), the waste box baffle (12), and the waste box bottom groove plate (11) are screwed together to form the waste area.

8. The detachable cleaning frame according to claim 7, characterized in that, The grain box baffle (10) and the waste box baffle (12) are set at an angle to the rear.

9. The detachable cleaning frame according to claim 8, characterized in that, The height of the rearmost part of the grain box baffle (10) is higher than that of the waste box bottom trough plate (11), and a slope is formed between the grain box baffle (10) and the waste box baffle (12).

10. A combine harvester, comprising a shredding device, characterized in that, It also includes the detachable cleaning frame as described in any one of claims 1-9, wherein the impurity guide plate (14) feeds the separated impurity mixture into the shredding device for crushing.

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