Cutting insert
By designing the boss and chip breaker groove structure of the cutting insert and optimizing the geometry of the cutting edge, the problem of chip removal in ultra-precision machining is solved, and the high-efficiency chip handling capability of the cutting insert is achieved.
Patent Information
- Application Number
- CN202423169363.6
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Utility models(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2024-12-20
- Publication Date
- 2025-11-21
- Estimated Expiration
- 2034-12-20
AI Technical Summary
In ultra-precision machining, the chips are relatively thin, making it difficult for them to curl and be expelled, which affects the chip handling capability of the cutting tool.
A cutting insert is designed, including a boss, a cutting edge, and a chip breaker groove. The chip breaker groove consists of a rake face, a transition face, and a chip-stopping face. The chip-stopping face includes a convex curved surface and an inclined surface to ensure that chips can be smoothly discharged. The chip handling capability is improved by optimizing the geometry of the cutting edge.
It improves the chip handling capability of the cutting blade, ensuring that chips can be quickly curled and smoothly discharged, avoiding entanglement and improving processing efficiency.
Smart Images
Figure CN223572026U_ABST
Abstract
Description
TECHNICAL FIELD
[0001] The utility model relates to machining technical field, especially a kind of cutting blade. BACKGROUND
[0002] Superfinishing this precision machining method, can improve the surface quality of workpiece.In the processing, by cutting blade to the surface of workpiece micro-cutting.Superfinishing can effectively reduce the surface roughness of workpiece, also can correct the surface micro-geometric shape error.
[0003] In superfinishing, when cutting allowance is less than or equal to 0.1mm, due to the thickness of chip is thin, leading to chip not easy to curl and discharge, leading to the processing capacity of chip of cutting blade is lower, influence the normal use of cutting blade. UTILITY MODEL CONTENT
[0004] One purpose of the utility model is to provide a kind of its cutting blade, the cutting blade has higher chip processing capacity.
[0005] To solve the above technical problems, the utility model adopts the following technical scheme:
[0006] A kind of cutting blade, including upper surface, lower surface, side and the center hole in the center of the cutting blade, the side connects the upper surface with the lower surface, the upper surface and the side form edge line, the upper surface is equipped with boss, the cutting blade is also equipped with cutting part, the cutting part includes cutting edge and chip breaking groove, the cutting edge is located on the edge line, the cutting edge includes a fillet cutting edge and the side cutting edge located on the two sides of the fillet cutting edge, the chip breaking groove is formed between the cutting edge and the boss;
[0007] In the direction from the outside of the cutting part to the inside of the cutting part, the chip breaking groove is sequentially provided with rake face, transition surface and chip breaker, one end of the rake face is connected with the cutting edge, the other end is inclined downward, the chip breaker extends upward and is connected with the top surface of the boss, the chip breaker and the rake face are smoothly connected by the transition surface;Wherein, the chip breaker includes convex surface and inclined surface, the inclined surface is the side surface of the boss towards the side cutting edge, the convex surface is upward convex curved surface and is located in the direction of the fillet cutting edge towards the boss;
[0008] The cutting blade is provided with a first central axis that coincides with the axis of the central hole and a second central axis that intersects and is perpendicular to the first central axis. The second central axis passes through the center of the rounded cutting edge. A first reference plane that is perpendicular to the first central axis is provided on the upper surface, and a second reference plane that passes through the second central axis and is parallel to the first central axis is provided on the upper surface. The convex curved surface and the inclined surface of the boss are symmetrically distributed about the second reference plane. The intersection of the convex curved surface and the transition surface forms an intersecting curve. The projection of the intersecting curve on the first reference plane is a first arc curve. The intersection of the inclined surface and the convex curved surface forms an intersecting connecting line. The projection of the intersecting connecting line on the first reference plane is a first reference line. The point on the boss that intersects the second reference plane and is closest to the rounded cutting edge is a first reference point. The point on the first arc curve that intersects the second reference plane and is closest to the rounded cutting edge is a second reference point. The projection of the line connecting the first reference point and the second reference point on the first reference plane is a second reference line. The length of the first reference line is less than the length of the second reference line.
[0009] When viewed directly from the first reference plane, the side cutting edge is projected onto the first reference plane. The point of the first arc curve closest to the side cutting edge is the third reference point. In the direction from the second reference point to the third reference point, the distance between the first arc curve and the side cutting edge gradually decreases. In the direction from the third reference point to the first reference line, the distance between the first arc curve and the side cutting edge gradually increases.
[0010] In one embodiment, when the first reference plane is viewed directly, the side cutting edge is projected onto the first reference plane, and the line connecting the endpoint of the first reference line near the side cutting edge and the third reference point is the third reference line, and the angle between the third reference line and the side cutting edge is 1° to 5°.
[0011] In one embodiment, the ratio of the length of the second reference line to the length of the first reference line is 1.5 to 2.5.
[0012] In one embodiment, the convex surface has a straight cross-sectional shape along the first reference line in the direction perpendicular to the first reference plane, and the convex surface has a second arcuate curve in the direction along the second reference plane.
[0013] In one embodiment, the inclined surface and the convex surface transition smoothly at the first reference line.
[0014] In one embodiment, when the first reference surface is viewed, the cutting edge projects onto the first reference surface, a line connecting the second reference point and the outermost point of the round corner cutting edge is a fourth reference line, a straight line on the first arcuate curve which is parallel to the side cutting edge and tangent to the first arcuate curve is a fifth reference line, and a perpendicular line segment between the side cutting edge and the fifth reference line is a sixth reference line, and the length of the sixth reference line is less than the length of the fourth reference line.
[0015] In one embodiment, the ratio of the length of the fourth reference line to the length of the sixth reference line is 1.1-2.0.
[0016] In one embodiment, the length of the fourth reference line is 0.2-0.3 mm, and the length of the sixth reference line is 0.12-0.25 mm.
[0017] In one embodiment, the included angle between the first reference lines on both sides of the first arcuate curve is 150-180°.
[0018] In one embodiment, the included angle between the rake face and the first reference surface is constant.
[0019] From the above technical solution, the utility model has at least the following advantages and positive effects:
[0020] The length of the second reference line is greater than the length of the first reference line, and in the direction from the second reference point to the third reference point, the distance between the first arcuate curve and the side cutting edge gradually decreases, and in the direction from the third reference point to the first reference line, the distance between the first arcuate curve and the side cutting edge gradually increases. Therefore, the cutting insert can ensure that the convex curved surface is as close as possible to the round corner cutting edge so as to make the chip curl as soon as possible, and can also ensure that there is enough chip space between the convex curved surface and the side cutting edge, thereby ensuring that the chip breaking groove has good chip breaking effect and improving the chip handling capacity of the cutting insert. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS
[0021] Figure 1 is a perspective view of the cutting insert of the embodiment;
[0022] Figure 2 is a top view of the cutting insert shown in Figure 1
[0023] is a right view of the cutting insert shown in Figure 3 Figure 1 is a front view of the cutting insert shown in
[0024] Figure 4 Figure 1 is a front view of the cutting insert shown in
[0025] Figure 5 for Figure 1 A partial enlarged view of part B of the cutting blade shown;
[0026] Figure 6 for Figure 1 The cutting section shown is a cross-sectional view along the second reference plane;
[0027] Figure 7 for Figure 2 A partial enlarged view of part D of the cutting blade shown;
[0028] Figure 8 for Figure 7 The diagram shows a projection of the cutting part onto the first reference plane.
[0029] Figure 9 for Figure 7 The cutting portion shown is a cross-sectional view along the first reference line and perpendicular to the first reference plane;
[0030] Figure 10 for Figure 7 The cutting section shown is a cross-sectional view along the second reference plane.
[0031] The annotations in the attached figures are explained as follows:
[0032] 10. Cutting insert; 101. Center hole; 11. Upper surface; 111. Boss; 112. Top surface; 12. Lower surface; 13. Side surface; 14. Cutting section; 15. Cutting edge; 151. Rounded cutting edge; 152. Side cutting edge; 16. Chip breaker groove; 161. Rake face; 162. Transition surface; 163. Convex curved surface; 164. Bevel surface;
[0033] A1, First central axis; A2, Second central axis;
[0034] M1, the first datum plane; M2, the second datum plane;
[0035] L1, First Reference Line; L2, Second Reference Line; L3, Third Reference Line; L4, Fourth Reference Line; L5, Fifth Reference Line; L6, Sixth Reference Line;
[0036] S1, First reference point; S2, Second reference point; S3, Third reference point; S4, Endpoint; S5, Outermost point;
[0037] C1, the first arc curve; C2, the second arc curve. Detailed Implementation
[0038] The typical embodiments embodying the features and advantages of the present application will be described in detail in the following description. It should be understood that the present application can have various changes in different embodiments, none of which deviates from the scope of the present application, and the description and drawings in essence are used for illustration, not for limiting the present application.
[0039] In the description of the present application, it should be understood that the terms "center", "longitudinal", "transverse", "length", "width", "thickness", "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", "clockwise", "counterclockwise" and the like indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the present application and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the devices or elements referred to must have a particular orientation, be constructed and operated in a particular orientation, and therefore cannot be understood as limiting the present application. In addition, the terms "first", "second" are only for the purpose of description, and cannot be understood as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of the technical features indicated. Therefore, the features limited by "first", "second" can explicitly or implicitly include one or more of the features. In the description of the present application, the meaning of "multiple" is two or more, unless otherwise specifically limited.
[0040] The present application provides a cutting blade. The cutting blade is used for superfinishing, and the cutting depth range can reach 0.05mm-0.30mm.
[0041] Please refer to Figure 1 and Figure 2 A cutting blade 10 includes an upper surface 11, a lower surface 12, and a side surface 13. The side surface 13 connects the upper surface 11 and the lower surface 12, and the upper surface 11 intersects with the side surface 13 to form an edge line.
[0042] The cutting blade 10 can be made of superhard alloy, metal ceramic and the like. The cutting blade 10 is provided with a center hole 101 in the middle part, which is used for mounting and fixing with a tool or the like. The cutting blade 10 is further provided with a first center shaft A1, which coincides with the shaft of the center hole 101.
[0043] The upper surface 11 is provided with a boss 111. The boss 111 is upwardly protruding. The top surface 112 of the boss 111 is a plane.
[0044] Please refer to Figure 1 and Figure 5The cutting insert 10 also includes a cutting section 14. The cutting section 14 includes a cutting edge 15 and a chip breaker groove 16. The cutting edge 15 is located on the edge line. The cutting edge 15 includes a rounded cutting edge 151 and side cutting edges 152 located on both sides of the rounded cutting edge 151. The chip breaker groove 16 is formed between the cutting edge 15 and the boss 111. The height of the top surface 112 of the boss 111 is higher than the height of the cutting edge 15.
[0045] In the direction from the outside of the cutting section 14 to the inside of the cutting section 14, the chip breaker groove 16 is provided with a rake face 161, a transition surface 162, and a chip-stopping surface in sequence. One end of the rake face 161 is connected to the cutting edge, and the other end is inclined downward; the chip-stopping surface extends upward and connects to the top surface 112 of the boss 111. The chip-stopping surface and the rake face 161 are smoothly connected by the transition surface 162. The chip-stopping surface includes a convex curved surface 163 and an inclined surface 164. The inclined surface 164 is the side of the boss 111 facing the side cutting edge 152, and the convex curved surface 163 is an upwardly convex curved surface located in the direction of the boss 111 facing the rounded corner cutting edge 151.
[0046] Please see Figure 1 The cutting insert 10 is cubic in shape. Specifically, the upper surface 11 of the cutting insert 10 is rhomboid. A second central axis A2 is provided on the rhomboid cutting insert 10, passing through the center of the rounded cutting edge 151. The second central axis A2 intersects the first central axis A1 and is perpendicular to each other.
[0047] Please see Figure 2 , Figure 3 and Figure 4 A first reference plane M1 perpendicular to the first central axis A1 is provided on the upper surface 11. A second reference plane M2 passing through the second central axis A2 and parallel to the first central axis A1 is also provided on the upper surface 11, and the second reference plane M2 is perpendicular to the first reference plane M1.
[0048] Please see Figure 6 Specifically, in this embodiment, the included angle between the rake face 161 and the first reference surface M1 remains unchanged, which ensures that the chips can be stably discharged during machining by the cutting insert 10 and avoids chip entanglement. Specifically, the included angle α between the rake face 161 and the first reference surface M1 is 18°.
[0049] Please see Figure 7 and Figure 8The convex surface 163 and the inclined surface 164 of the boss 111 are symmetrically distributed about the second reference plane M2. The intersection of the convex surface 163 and the transition surface 162 forms an intersecting curve, the projection of which onto the first reference plane M1 forms a first arc curve C1. The intersection of the inclined surface 164 and the convex surface 163 forms an intersecting connecting line, the projection of which onto the first reference plane M1 is the first reference line L1. Specifically, in this embodiment, the inclined surface 164 and the convex surface 163 smoothly transition at the first reference line L1, ensuring that chips can be smoothly discharged from the first reference line L1.
[0050] The point on the boss 111 that intersects with the second reference plane M2 and is closest to the rounded cutting edge 151 is the first reference point S1. The point on the first arc curve C1 that intersects with the second reference plane M2 and is closest to the rounded cutting edge 151 is the second reference point S2. Please refer to [link / reference]. Figure 8 The projection of the line connecting the first reference point S1 and the second reference point S2 onto the first reference plane M1 is the second reference line L2, and the length of the first reference line L1 is less than the length of the second reference line L2.
[0051] Specifically, in this embodiment, the ratio of the length of the second reference line L2 to the length of the first reference line L1 is 1.5 to 2.5. While ensuring that the convex surface 163 is as close as possible to the rounded cutting edge 151, it can also prevent the convex surface 163 from being too narrow, so that the convex surface 163 and the side cutting edge 152 maintain a suitable distance, thereby achieving a better chip breaking effect.
[0052] Furthermore, the included angle b between the first reference lines L1 located on both sides of the first arc curve C1 ranges from 150° to 180°. This range of included angles ensures that the area where the convex surface 163 is located can cover the machining position required for ultra-precision machining, thus ensuring that the chip breaker groove 16 can perform a good chip breaking effect when the cutting insert 10 is machining workpieces with varying entry angles.
[0053] When viewed directly from the first reference plane M1, the side cutting edge 152 is projected onto the first reference plane M1, and the point on the first arc curve C1 closest to the side cutting edge 152 is the third reference point S3. In the direction from the second reference point S2 to the third reference point S3, the distance between the first arc curve C1 and the side cutting edge 152 gradually decreases; conversely, in the direction from the third reference point S3 to the first reference line L1, the distance between the first arc curve C1 and the side cutting edge 152 gradually increases.
[0054] During ultra-finishing, the cutting allowance of the cutting insert 10 is ≤0.1mm. The portion of the convex curved surface 163 facing the rounded cutting edge 151 is as close as possible to the rounded cutting edge 151, so that the chips can contact the convex curved surface 163 as quickly as possible and curl up. Furthermore, there is sufficient chip removal space between the convex curved surface 163 and the side cutting edge 152 to ensure good chip removal effect.
[0055] Specifically, in this embodiment, when viewed directly from the first reference plane M1, the side cutting edge 152 is projected onto the first reference plane M1. The line connecting the endpoint S4 of the first reference line L1 near the side cutting edge 152 and the third reference point S3 is the third reference line L3. The angle between the third reference line L3 and the side cutting edge 152 is 1° to 5°. This prevents the convex surface 163 from becoming excessively narrow, maintaining a suitable distance between the convex surface 163 and the side cutting edge 152, thereby ensuring a good chip-breaking effect.
[0056] Please see Figure 9 The convex surface 163 has a straight cross-sectional shape along the first reference line L1 in the direction perpendicular to the first reference plane M1. (See also...) Figure 10 The cross-sectional shape of the convex surface 163 along the direction of the second reference plane M2 is a second arc curve C2. The radius of curvature corresponding to the second arc curve C2 is 1.3 mm.
[0057] When viewed directly on the first reference plane M1, the cutting edge 15 is projected onto the first reference plane M1. The line connecting the second reference point S2 and the outermost point S5 of the rounded cutting edge 151 is the fourth reference line L4. The straight line on the first arc curve C1 that is parallel to the side cutting edge 152 and tangent to the first arc curve C1 is the fifth reference line L5. The perpendicular line segment between the side cutting edge 152 and the fifth reference line L5 is the sixth reference line L6, and the length of the sixth reference line L6 is less than the length of the fourth reference line L4.
[0058] Specifically, in this embodiment, the ratio of the length of the fourth reference line L4 to the length of the sixth reference line L6 is 1.1 to 2.0. During the machining process of the cutting insert 10, when the contact position between the cutting insert 10 and the workpiece extends from the rounded cutting edge 15 to the side cutting edge 152, the chip breaker groove 16 maintains a good chip-rolling effect, which to a certain extent suppresses the occurrence of chip entanglement.
[0059] Specifically, the length of the fourth reference line L4 is 0.2mm to 0.3mm, and the length of the sixth reference line L6 is 0.12mm to 0.25mm. This design ensures sufficient chip removal space between the portion of the convex surface 163 facing the rounded cutting edge 151 and the rounded cutting edge 151, while also being as close as possible to the rounded cutting edge 151. This allows the chips to first contact the rake face 161 during ultra-finishing with a cutting depth of 0.05mm to 0.30mm, and then gradually approach the convex surface 163. During this process, the chips deform and curl along the convex surface 163, thereby controlling the chip removal direction to a certain extent and allowing the chips to be smoothly discharged along the convex surface 163.
[0060] Although the present invention has been described with reference to several typical embodiments, it should be understood that the terminology used is descriptive and exemplary, and not restrictive. Since the present invention can be embodied in many forms without departing from the spirit or essence of the invention, it should be understood that the above embodiments are not limited to any of the foregoing details, but should be interpreted broadly within the spirit and scope defined by the appended claims. Therefore, all variations and modifications falling within the scope of the claims or their equivalents should be covered by the appended claims.
Claims
1. A cutting blade, characterized in that, The cutting insert includes an upper surface, a lower surface, a side surface, and a central hole located at the center of the cutting insert. The side surface connects the upper surface and the lower surface. The upper surface and the side surface intersect to form an edge. The upper surface is provided with a boss. The cutting insert is also provided with a cutting part. The cutting part includes a cutting edge and a chip breaker groove. The cutting edge is located on the edge. The cutting edge includes a rounded cutting edge and side cutting edges located on both sides of the rounded cutting edge. The chip breaker groove is formed between the cutting edge and the boss. In the direction from the outside of the cutting part to the inside of the cutting part, the chip breaker groove is provided with a rake face, a transition surface and a chip-blocking surface in sequence. One end of the rake face is connected to the cutting edge and the other end is inclined downward. The chip-blocking surface extends upward and connects to the top surface of the boss. The chip-blocking surface and the rake face are smoothly connected through the transition surface. The chip-blocking surface includes a convex curved surface and an inclined surface. The inclined surface is the side of the boss facing the side cutting edge. The convex curved surface is an upwardly convex curved surface located in the direction of the boss facing the rounded corner cutting edge. The cutting blade is provided with a first central axis that coincides with the axis of the central hole and a second central axis that intersects and is perpendicular to the first central axis. The second central axis passes through the center of the rounded cutting edge. A first reference plane that is perpendicular to the first central axis is provided on the upper surface, and a second reference plane that passes through the second central axis and is parallel to the first central axis is provided on the upper surface. The convex curved surface and the inclined surface of the boss are symmetrically distributed about the second reference plane. The intersection of the convex curved surface and the transition surface forms an intersecting curve. The projection of the intersecting curve on the first reference plane is a first arc curve. The intersection of the inclined surface and the convex curved surface forms an intersecting connecting line. The projection of the intersecting connecting line on the first reference plane is a first reference line. The point on the boss that intersects the second reference plane and is closest to the rounded cutting edge is a first reference point. The point on the first arc curve that intersects the second reference plane and is closest to the rounded cutting edge is a second reference point. The projection of the line connecting the first reference point and the second reference point on the first reference plane is a second reference line. The length of the first reference line is less than the length of the second reference line. When viewed directly from the first reference plane, the side cutting edge is projected onto the first reference plane. The point of the first arc curve closest to the side cutting edge is the third reference point. In the direction from the second reference point to the third reference point, the distance between the first arc curve and the side cutting edge gradually decreases. In the direction from the third reference point to the first reference line, the distance between the first arc curve and the side cutting edge gradually increases.
2. The cutting blade according to claim 1, characterized in that, When viewed directly from the first reference plane, the side cutting edge is projected onto the first reference plane. The line connecting the endpoint of the first reference line near the side cutting edge and the third reference point is the third reference line. The angle between the third reference line and the side cutting edge is 1° to 5°.
3. The cutting blade according to claim 1, characterized in that, The ratio of the length of the second reference line to the length of the first reference line is 1.5 to 2.
5.
4. The cutting blade according to claim 1, characterized in that, The convex surface has a straight cross-sectional shape along the first reference line in the direction perpendicular to the first reference plane, and the convex surface has a second arc-shaped cross-sectional shape along the direction of the second reference plane.
5. The cutting blade according to claim 1, characterized in that, The inclined surface and the convex surface transition smoothly at the first reference line.
6. The cutting blade according to claim 1, characterized in that, When viewed directly on the first reference plane, the cutting edge is projected onto the first reference plane. The line connecting the second reference point and the outermost point of the rounded cutting edge is the fourth reference line. The straight line on the first arc curve that is parallel to the side cutting edge and tangent to the first arc curve is the fifth reference line. The perpendicular line segment between the side cutting edge and the fifth reference line is the sixth reference line. The length of the sixth reference line is less than the length of the fourth reference line.
7. The cutting blade according to claim 6, characterized in that, The ratio of the length of the fourth reference line to the length of the sixth reference line is 1.1 to 2.
0.
8. The cutting blade according to claim 7, characterized in that, The length of the fourth reference line is 0.2mm to 0.3mm, and the length of the sixth reference line is 0.12mm to 0.25mm.
9. The cutting blade according to claim 1, characterized in that, The included angle between the first reference lines located on both sides of the first arc curve is 150° to 180°.
10. The cutting blade according to claim 1, characterized in that, The angle between the rake face and the first reference plane remains unchanged.