Tunnel integrating multiple functions of diversion, water delivery and emptying

Abstract

The utility model discloses a tunnel integrating multiple functions of diversion, water delivery and emptying, and relates to the technical field of water conservancy and hydropower engineering. The tunnel integrating the multiple functions of diversion, water delivery and emptying structurally comprises a diversion tunnel inlet lock chamber; a diversion tunnel body; a diversion tunnel plug; a water delivery and emptying tunnel water inlet tower; a water conveying and emptying tunnel body; a tunnel body is subjected to diversion, water delivery and emptying; an energy dissipation facility; provided is a riverbed bottom protection facility. The tunnel integrating the multiple functions of diversion, water delivery and emptying is scientific and reasonable in design, easy to construct, safe, reliable and high in utilization rate; during dam construction or in a diversion period, water from an upstream river channel is guided to a downstream river channel through the diversion tunnel, and a dry working face is provided for dam construction; when the reservoir or the hydropower station needs to store water after the diversion period is finished, the inlet lock chamber blocking gate at the front end of the diversion tunnel is closed, and the diversion tunnel plug is arranged at the rear end of the diversion tunnel to prevent reservoir water from leaking.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of water conservancy and hydropower engineering, and particularly relates to a tunnel with multiple functions of diversion, water delivery and emptying. BACKGROUND

[0002] In the prior art, diversion tunnels, water delivery tunnels and emptying tunnels need to be respectively constructed due to different elevations, different functions and different water delivery capacities, which not only has a long construction period, large construction interference, more land acquisition and high investment cost, but also has certain defects. SUMMARY

[0003] The present application relates to the technical field of water conservancy and hydropower engineering, and particularly relates to a tunnel with multiple functions of diversion, water delivery and emptying.

[0004] To achieve the above object, the present application provides the following technical scheme: a tunnel with multiple functions of diversion, water delivery and emptying, which comprises a diversion tunnel inlet chamber, a diversion tunnel body, a diversion tunnel plug, a water delivery and emptying tunnel water intake tower, a water delivery and emptying tunnel body, a diversion, water delivery and emptying tunnel body, energy dissipation facilities and riverbed bottom protection facilities.

[0005] The diversion tunnel and the water delivery and emptying tunnel are collected at the front end, and a tunnel body is used at the rear end, so that a tunnel with multiple functions of diversion, water delivery and emptying is formed.

[0006] Preferably, the diversion tunnel comprises a diversion tunnel inlet chamber, a diversion tunnel body and a diversion tunnel plug, which are sequentially connected; the diversion tunnel inlet chamber comprises a diversion tunnel inlet chamber structure and a diversion tunnel inlet chamber sealing gate.

[0007] Preferably, after the diversion period of the diversion tunnel ends, the diversion tunnel inlet chamber sealing gate is closed, and a diversion tunnel plug is arranged at the tail end of the diversion tunnel.

[0008] Preferably, the water delivery and emptying tunnel water intake tower comprises a water intake tower hoist room, a first layer water intake port, a second layer water intake port, a third layer water intake port, an inspection gate, an emptying tunnel, a working gate and a water intake independent switch; the water delivery and emptying tunnel water intake tower is provided with layered water intake devices and is divided into upper, middle and lower three layers, so that water with good quality can be taken, and the content of silt in the water intake facilities can be reduced.

[0009] Preferably, the diversion tunnel body and the water conveying and emptying tunnel body have the same diameter and are both in the shape of a city gate.

[0010] Preferably, the energy dissipation facility and the riverbed protection facility are connected in series.

[0011] Preferably, the energy dissipation facility is composed of a gradual change section, a stilling basin, a stilling block and a sea dike apron, the gradual change section is narrow at the beginning and wide at the end, can gradually reduce the flow velocity of the water in the tunnel and slow down the water flow, the stilling basin and the stilling block can reduce the potential energy of the water in the tunnel by 50% or more and prevent the water flow from scouring the downstream river channel, the sea dike apron is located at the end of the stilling block, can ensure the elimination of the remaining potential energy and protect the structure of the stilling basin from being scoured and hollowed out, thereby protecting the energy dissipation facility.

[0012] Preferably, the riverbed protection facility uses large stone riprap to protect the riverbed, can effectively increase the friction between the water flow and the riverbed, slow down the water flow and reduce the scouring of the riverbed by the water flow.

[0013] Compared with the prior art, the diversion tunnel with the functions of diversion, water conveying and emptying has the advantages that:

[0014] The diversion tunnel with the functions of diversion, water conveying and emptying has the advantages that:

[0015] ①During the construction of the dam or the diversion period, the diversion tunnel is used to guide the water in the upstream river channel to the downstream river channel, thereby providing a dry working surface for the construction of the dam;

[0016] ②When the reservoir or the hydropower station needs to store water after the diversion period, the intake gate chamber at the front end of the diversion tunnel is closed by closing the gate, and a diversion tunnel plug is arranged at the rear end of the diversion tunnel to prevent the leakage of reservoir water;

[0017] ③When the reservoir or the hydropower station needs to be repaired and maintained, the working gate of the water conveying and emptying tunnel intake tower is opened, the reservoir is emptied, and regular or irregular observation and maintenance are carried out;

[0018] ④If the working gate of the water conveying and emptying tunnel intake tower fails or is damaged, the maintenance gate in the intake tower can be closed to repair the working gate;

[0019] ⑤ When the population, land, arable land, and livestock of downstream villages and towns need water, a suitable water intake can be activated according to the water level in the reservoir. This not only meets the water intake needs at different water levels but also ensures that the water quality is good and reduces the sediment content in the water intake facilities. After passing through the intake tower, the water transmission pipeline is pre-buried under the bottom slab of the diversion, water transmission, and emptying tunnel. This avoids both diversion and interference with reservoir emptying and maintenance, achieving multiple benefits in one fell swoop. This improves the tunnel utilization efficiency, reduces land use, and saves investment. It has strong practicality, good economic benefits, and application prospects, and can provide a reference for similar projects. Attached Figure Description

[0020] The present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments:

[0021] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the planar layout of the present invention.

[0022] Figure 2 This is a schematic cross-sectional view of the inlet gate chamber of the diversion tunnel in this invention patent;

[0023] Figure 3 This is a schematic cross-sectional view of the water intake tower of the water conveyance and venting tunnel of this invention patent.

[0024] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the energy dissipation facility layout according to the present invention.

[0025] In the diagram: 1-Inlet gate chamber of the diversion tunnel; 2-Divination tunnel body; 3-Divination tunnel plug; 4-Intake tower of the water conveyance and emptying tunnel; 5-Water conveyance and emptying tunnel body; 6-Divination, water conveyance and emptying tunnel body; 7-Energy dissipation facilities; 8-Riverbed protection facilities; 1-1-Structure of the inlet gate chamber of the diversion tunnel; 1-2-Blocking gate of the inlet gate chamber of the diversion tunnel; 4-1-Gateway chamber of the intake tower; 4-2-First-level water intake; 4-3-Second-level water intake; 4-4-Third-level water intake; 4-5-Maintenance gate; 4-6-Employment vent; 4-7-Working gate; 4-8-Independent water intake switch; 7-1-Transition section; 7-2-Energy stilling basin; 7-3-Energy stilling sill; 7-4-Seawall protection. Detailed Implementation

[0026] This section will describe in detail specific embodiments of the present invention. Preferred embodiments of the present invention are shown in the accompanying drawings. The purpose of the drawings is to supplement the textual description with graphics, so that people can intuitively and vividly understand each technical feature and overall technical solution of the present invention, but they should not be construed as limiting the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0027] In the description of the present application, it should be understood that the orientation description, such as the orientation or positional relationship indicated by up, down, front, back, left, right, is based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings, and is only for the convenience of describing the present application and simplifying the description, and therefore cannot be understood as indicating or implying that the device or element indicated must have a particular orientation, be constructed and operated in a particular orientation, and therefore cannot be understood as limiting the present application.

[0028] In the description of the present application, greater than, less than, more than is understood as not including the number, above, below, within is understood as including the number. If the first, second is described, it is only for the purpose of distinguishing technical features, and cannot be understood as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of technical features indicated or the sequence of technical features indicated.

[0029] In the description of the present application, unless otherwise explicitly limited, the setting, installation, connection words should be broadly understood, and those skilled in the art can reasonably determine the specific meaning of the above words in the present application in combination with the specific content of the technical solution.

[0030] Embodiment one:

[0031] Please refer to Figure 1 The present application provides a technical solution: a tunnel with the functions of diversion, water delivery and emptying, comprising a diversion tunnel inlet chamber 1, a diversion tunnel body 2, a diversion tunnel plug 3, a water delivery and emptying tunnel water intake tower 4, a water delivery and emptying tunnel body 5, a diversion, water delivery and emptying tunnel body 6, an energy dissipation facility 7 and a riverbed bottom protection facility 8. The diversion tunnel inlet chamber 1 is a rectangular or square chamber body, the front end of the diversion tunnel inlet chamber 1 is connected with the diversion tunnel body 2, and the rear end is connected with the diversion tunnel plug 3. The diversion tunnel body 2 is installed in the diversion tunnel inlet chamber to control the inflow and outflow of water. The diversion tunnel plug 3 is a closed wall body located at the tail end of the diversion tunnel and connected with the diversion tunnel body 2. The water delivery and emptying tunnel water intake tower 4 is a columnar shape and has multiple water intake openings and a hoist chamber inside. The water delivery and emptying tunnel water intake tower 4 is connected with the water delivery and emptying tunnel body 5 and connected with the diversion, water delivery and emptying tunnel body 6. The water delivery and emptying tunnel body 5 is connected with the water intake tower 4 and the diversion, water delivery and emptying tunnel body 6. The diversion tunnel body 2 and the water delivery and emptying tunnel body 5 have the same diameter and are both in the shape of a city gate. The energy dissipation facility 7 is a structure that narrows and widens and is connected with the diversion, water delivery and emptying tunnel body 6. The riverbed bottom protection facility 8 is a large stone riprap bottom protection and connected with the energy dissipation facility 7 at the head and tail.

[0032] Please refer to Figure 2 and 3, the diversion tunnel inlet gate chamber 1 includes a diversion tunnel inlet gate chamber structure 1-1 and a diversion tunnel inlet gate chamber blocking gate 1-2, the diversion tunnel inlet gate chamber structure 1-1 includes support beams and guide plates inside and is connected to the overall structure of the gate chamber as a component of the diversion tunnel inlet gate chamber; the water intake tower 4 of the water conveying and emptying tunnel includes a water intake tower hoist chamber 4-1, a first layer water intake 4-2, a second layer water intake 4-3, and a third layer water intake 4-4, the water intake tower hoist chamber 4-1 is a rectangular or square chamber body with hoist devices inside connected to and controlling the opening and closing of the working gate 4-7, the first layer water intake 4-2, the second layer water intake 4-3, and the third layer water intake 4-4 are respectively located at the bottom, middle, and top of the water intake tower 4 of the water conveying and emptying tunnel.

[0033] Please refer to Figure 3 and 4 , the water intake tower 4 of the water conveying and emptying tunnel also includes a maintenance gate 4-5, an emptying tunnel 4-6, a working gate 4-7, and a water intake independent switch 4-8, the maintenance gate 4-5 is a rectangular or square gate connected to the water intake pipeline upstream, the emptying tunnel 4-6 is a circular or rectangular opening connected to the reservoir through the emptying pipeline at the bottom of the water intake tower, and the working gate 4-7 is directly connected to the water outlet of the water intake tower and controlled by the hoist chamber 4-1; the energy dissipation facility 7 includes a gradual change section 7-1, a stilling basin 7-2, a stilling block 7-3, and a sea flat apron 7-4, the gradual change section 7-1 is a structure that gradually widens and is connected to the diversion tunnel body 6 and the stilling basin 7-2, the stilling basin 7-2 is connected to the gradual change section 7-1, the stilling block 7-3 is a stepped structure connected to the stilling basin 7-2 and the sea flat apron 7-4, and the sea flat apron 7-4 is made of large stones and located at the end of the stilling block 7-3.

[0034] Example Two:

[0035] Please refer to Figures 1-4 The present application provides a technical solution: a tunnel with diversion, water conveying, and emptying functions, including the following steps:

[0036] Construction of the diversion tunnel:

[0037] A diversion tunnel inlet gate chamber 1 is constructed at the upstream position of the river, and its structure includes a diversion tunnel inlet gate chamber structure 1-1 and a diversion tunnel inlet gate chamber blocking gate 1-2. The gate chamber is used to control the flow of incoming water and ensure effective water flow guidance during construction.

[0038] The diversion tunnel body 2 and the diversion tunnel plug 3 are connected to form a complete diversion channel.

[0039] Construction of the water conveying and emptying tunnel:

[0040] The water delivery and emptying tunnel inlet tower 4 is arranged at the rear end of the diversion tunnel, comprising a water inlet tower hoist chamber 4-1, a first layer water intake 4-2, a second layer water intake 4-3, a third layer water intake 4-4, an inspection gate 4-5, an emptying tunnel 4-6, a working gate 4-7 and a water intake independent switch 4-8.

[0041] The water delivery and emptying tunnel body 5 is connected, ensuring effective water delivery and emptying functions.

[0042] The diversion, water delivery and emptying tunnel body construction:

[0043] In the design of the tunnel, the diversion, water delivery and emptying tunnel body 6 is arranged, which is connected with the diversion tunnel body 2 and the water delivery and emptying tunnel body 5, forming a comprehensive tunnel system, which can realize the functions of diversion, water delivery and emptying.

[0044] Energy dissipation facility construction:

[0045] The energy dissipation facility 7 is arranged at the end of the tunnel, which is composed of a gradual change section 7-1, a stilling basin 7-2, a stilling block 7-3 and a sea bank apron 7-4. The gradual change section is used to gradually reduce the water flow speed, and the stilling basin and the stilling block can reduce the water flow potential energy by more than 90%, preventing the scouring of the downstream river channel.

[0046] River bed protection facility:

[0047] The river bed protection facility 8 is used, which uses large stone riprap to protect the bottom, increases the friction between the water flow and the river bed, slows down the water flow speed, reduces the scouring, and ensures the stability of the river bed.

[0048] The above embodiments of the application are described in detail in combination with the drawings, but the application is not limited to the above embodiments, and various changes can be made within the knowledge range of ordinary skilled persons in the art without departing from the purpose of the application.

Claims

1. A tunnel that integrates multiple functions such as diversion, water conveyance, and venting, characterized in that: It includes the inlet gate chamber of the diversion tunnel (1), the tunnel body of the diversion tunnel (2), the plug of the diversion tunnel (3), the water intake tower of the water conveyance and emptying tunnel (4), the tunnel body of the water conveyance and emptying tunnel (5), the tunnel body of the diversion, water conveyance and emptying tunnel (6), energy dissipation facilities (7), and riverbed protection facilities (8). The inlet gate chamber (1) of the diversion tunnel is a rectangular or square chamber. The front end of the inlet gate chamber (1) is connected to the diversion tunnel body (2), and the rear end is connected to the diversion tunnel plug (3). The diversion tunnel body (2) is installed in the inlet gate chamber of the diversion tunnel to control the inflow and outflow of water. The diversion tunnel plug (3) is a closed wall and is located at the tail end of the diversion tunnel and connected to the diversion tunnel body (2); the water intake tower (4) of the water conveyance and venting tunnel is columnar and has multiple water intakes and a gate opening and closing machine room inside. The water intake tower (4) of the water conveyance and venting tunnel is connected to the water conveyance and venting tunnel body (5) and connected to the diversion and water conveyance and venting tunnel body (6); The water conveyance and venting tunnel body (5) connects to the water intake tower (4) and the diversion, water conveyance and venting tunnel body (6); the energy dissipation facility (7) is a structure that changes from narrow to wide and is connected to the diversion, water conveyance and venting tunnel body (6); the riverbed protection facility (8) is a large rock riprap protection and is connected end to end to the energy dissipation facility (7).

2. The tunnel that integrates multiple functions of diversion, water conveyance, and venting according to claim 1, characterized in that: The diversion tunnel inlet gate chamber (1) includes a diversion tunnel inlet gate chamber structure (1-1) and a diversion tunnel inlet gate chamber sealing gate (1-2). The diversion tunnel inlet gate chamber structure (1-1) includes a support beam and a diversion plate inside and is connected to the overall gate chamber structure as a component of the diversion tunnel inlet gate chamber.

3. A tunnel integrating multiple functions of diversion, water conveyance, and venting as described in claim 2, characterized in that: The water intake tower (4) of the water conveyance and venting tunnel includes an intake tower hoisting chamber (4-1), a first-level water intake (4-2), a second-level water intake (4-3), and a third-level water intake (4-4). The intake tower hoisting chamber (4-1) is a rectangular or square chamber with an opening and closing device connected to and controlling the opening and closing of the working gate (4-7). The first-level water intake (4-2), the second-level water intake (4-3), and the third-level water intake (4-4) are located at the bottom, middle, and top of the water intake tower (4) of the water conveyance and venting tunnel, respectively.

4. A tunnel integrating multiple functions of diversion, water conveyance, and venting as described in claim 3, characterized in that: The water intake tower (4) of the water conveyance and venting tunnel also includes a maintenance gate (4-5), a venting tunnel (4-6), a working gate (4-7), and an independent water intake switch (4-8). The maintenance gate (4-5) is a rectangular or square gate and is located at the upstream part of the water intake pipe and connected to the water intake pipe. The venting tunnel (4-6) has a circular or rectangular opening and is located at the bottom of the water intake tower and connected to the reservoir through a venting pipe. The working gate (4-7) is directly connected to the outlet of the water intake tower and is controlled by the hoisting machine room (4-1).

5. A tunnel integrating multiple functions of diversion, water conveyance, and venting as described in claim 4, characterized in that: The energy dissipation facility (7) includes a transition section (7-1), a stilling basin (7-2), a stilling sill (7-3), and a seawall (7-4). The transition section (7-1) is a structure that changes from narrow to wide and is connected to the tunnel body (6) for diversion, water conveyance, and venting, as well as the stilling basin (7-2). The stilling basin (7-2) is connected to the transition section (7-1). The stilling sill (7-3) is a stepped structure and connects the stilling basin (7-2) and the seawall (7-4). The seawall (7-4) is paved with large stones and is located at the end of the stilling sill (7-3).

6. A tunnel integrating multiple functions of diversion, water conveyance, and venting as described in claim 5, characterized in that: The diameter of the diversion tunnel (2) is the same as that of the water conveyance and venting tunnel (5), and both are gate-shaped structures.

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