Uniaxial tension loading device for brittle material
By designing a uniaxial tensile loading device for brittle materials, and using upper and lower tensile components and connecting bolts to uniformly transmit tensile force, the problem of uneven stress distribution on the specimen in the prior art is solved, realizing high-precision tensile testing and convenient specimen replacement.
Patent Information
- Application Number
- CN202423079109.7
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Utility models(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2024-12-13
- Publication Date
- 2025-11-21
- Estimated Expiration
- 2034-12-13
AI Technical Summary
In existing techniques for uniaxial tensile testing of brittle materials, only a portion of the indirect tensile specimen is subjected to tensile stress, resulting in significant deviations between experimental results and actual properties, and making specimen replacement inconvenient.
A uniaxial tensile loading device for brittle materials is designed. An upper tensile component and a lower tensile component are used to connect the upper and lower ends of the specimen, respectively. The tensile force is uniformly transferred to the specimen through connecting bolts and slots. The loading is carried out in a constant temperature chamber using the pull rod of a universal testing machine. The specimen is then fixed with epoxy resin to ensure uniform stress on the specimen.
It improves testing accuracy, reduces testing errors, has a simple structure, low cost, and is convenient for changing specimens. It is suitable for tensile loading of brittle materials in a constant temperature environment.
Smart Images
Figure CN223581561U_ABST
Abstract
Description
TECHNICAL FIELD
[0001] The utility model relates to brittle material tensile test technical field, specifically brittle material uniaxial tensile loading device. BACKGROUND
[0002] In order to obtain the crack resistance of brittle material, such as concrete and rock, it is necessary to carry out uniaxial tensile failure experiment. This experiment can not only establish the stress-strain relationship of asphalt mixture, but also obtain the fracture energy displacement curve of I-type cracking. The widely used universal material testing machine is mainly composed of a loading system, a strain and displacement measurement system and a control system.
[0003] In order to measure the mechanical properties of materials at a constant temperature, a constant temperature system is usually added to the above-mentioned system. The commonly used constant temperature system is a small constant temperature environment box independent of the universal material testing machine, and the upper and lower walls of the box are provided with round holes. The upper and lower loading heads of the universal material testing machine are connected with the upper and lower pull rods, and then the upper and lower pull rods are respectively inserted into the constant temperature box through the upper and lower round holes of the constant temperature box. After that, the specimen plate with the fixed specimen is connected with the specimen plate, so that the loading of the specimen in the constant temperature environment provided by the constant temperature box can be realized. In addition, the current research mostly uses indirect tensile experiment to approximate simulate uniaxial tensile experiment. However, because only part of the area of the indirect tensile specimen is subjected to tensile stress, the actual experimental results deviate greatly from the true properties. UTILITY MODEL CONTENT
[0004] The technical problem to be solved by the utility model is to provide a brittle material uniaxial tensile loading device in view of the above shortcomings.
[0005] To solve the above technical problems, the utility model adopts the following technical scheme:
[0006] A brittle material uniaxial tensile loading device, comprising an upper tensile assembly and a lower tensile assembly, the upper tensile assembly and the lower tensile assembly are used for connecting the upper end and the lower end of the specimen to be tested respectively and are symmetrically arranged above and below with respect to the specimen to be tested, and the two ends of the upper tensile assembly and the lower tensile assembly are used for penetrating through the constant temperature box and being hinged with the external universal testing machine; the upper tensile assembly and the lower tensile assembly are used for fixing the specimen to be tested inside the constant temperature box and conducting the tensile force to the specimen to be tested.
[0007] The upper stretching assembly and the lower stretching assembly each comprise a test piece plate, a loading plate, a clamping groove, connecting bolts, limiting nuts and a pull rod, the bottom of the test piece plate of the upper stretching assembly is provided with a clamping groove, the clamping groove is used for clamping the connecting end of the material to be stretched, a loading plate is arranged in parallel above the test piece plate, the test piece plate and the loading plate are fixedly connected through a plurality of uniformly distributed connecting bolts, two limiting nuts are arranged on each connecting bolt and located on the upper and lower sides of the test piece plate respectively, the limiting nuts are used for fixing the test piece plate, a hinged seat is arranged on the top of the loading plate, the hinged seat is hingedly connected with the pull rod, and the other end of the pull rod is fixedly connected with the connecting end of the external universal testing machine through the thermostat.
[0008] Further, the clamping groove is a C-shaped groove, and the inclination angle of the inclined surface of the clamping groove relative to the vertical plane is 45°.
[0009] Further, four threaded holes are arranged in an array on the loading plate, four positioning holes corresponding to the four threaded holes are arranged on the test piece plate, the number of the connecting bolts is four, and the connecting bolts are first threadedly connected with the threaded holes and then penetrate through the positioning holes.
[0010] Further, the connecting portion of the test piece to be tested and the clamping groove is coated with epoxy resin.
[0011] Further, a smooth bolt is arranged on the hinged seat, and the smooth bolt is the hinge shaft of the pull rod and the hinged seat.
[0012] Compared with the prior art, the above technical scheme has the following advantages:
[0013] The loading plate, the connecting bolts and the test piece plate are arranged, the pressure applied by the universal testing machine on the pull rod is uniformly transmitted to the test piece plate through the loading plate and the connecting bolts, the test piece plate uniformly transmits the pressure to the test piece to be tested through the clamping groove, the test piece to be tested is uniformly stressed, the test error is reduced, and the test accuracy is improved; the stretching loading operation of the material universal testing machine is utilized, two upper and lower pull rods penetrate through the upper and lower openings of the environmental temperature box, the test piece plate with the test piece to be tested fixed is connected with the loading plate, so that the stretching loading of the brittle material test piece in the environmental temperature box is realized, the whole device has good stability, simple structure, low cost and convenient test piece replacement; the variable cross-section test piece (the cross-section size of the clamping part is increased) is adopted, the characteristics that the compressive strength of the brittle material is higher than the tensile strength are utilized, the C-shaped clamping groove with an inclination angle of 45° is adopted, the pressure is combined into the tension along the central axis, the resin bonding is utilized, and the shear sliding is prevented; in actual testing, for a plurality of test pieces which are pre-bonded, the test piece replacement work can be completed by only replacing the test piece plate.
[0014] The utility model will be described in detail in combination with the drawings and embodiments. DRAWINGS
[0015] Figure 1 It is a three-dimensional structure schematic view of the utility model;
[0016] Figure 2 It is the front view of the upper stretching assembly;
[0017] Figure 3 It is a three-dimensional structure schematic view of the test piece plate;
[0018] Figure 4 It is a three-dimensional structure schematic view of the loading plate.
[0019] In the drawings, the components represented by each reference numeral are listed as follows:
[0020] 1, test piece plate; 2, loading plate; 3, clamping groove; 4, connecting bolt; 5, limiting nut; 6, pull rod; 7, hinged seat; 8, threaded hole; 9, positioning hole; 10, smooth bolt; 11, test piece. DETAILED DESCRIPTION
[0021] The principles and characteristics of the utility model are described below in combination with the drawings, and the examples are only used to explain the utility model and not to limit the scope of the utility model.
[0022] In the description of the utility model, it should be explained that the directions or position relations indicated by the terms "center", "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "inner", "outer", "clockwise", "counterclockwise" are based on the directions or position relations shown in the drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the utility model and simplifying the description, and are not intended to indicate or imply that the devices or elements must have a particular direction, be constructed and operated in a particular direction, and therefore cannot be understood as a limitation on the utility model.
[0023] As shown in Figures 1-4 A brittle material uniaxial tensile loading device, comprising an upper stretching assembly and a lower stretching assembly, the upper stretching assembly and the lower stretching assembly are used to connect the upper end and the lower end of the test piece 11 respectively and are arranged symmetrically up and down relative to the test piece 11, and the two ends of the upper stretching assembly and the lower stretching assembly are used to penetrate the thermostat and be hinged with the external universal testing machine; the upper stretching assembly and the lower stretching assembly are used to fix the test piece 11 inside the thermostat and conduct the tension to the test piece 11;
[0024] The upper and lower stretching assemblies each comprise a test piece plate 1, a loading plate 2, a clamping groove 3, a connecting bolt 4, a limiting nut 5 and a pull rod 6, the bottom of the test piece plate 1 of the upper stretching assembly is provided with the clamping groove 3, the clamping groove 3 is used for clamping the connecting end of the material to be stretched, the loading plate 2 is arranged in parallel above the test piece plate 1, the test piece plate 1 and the loading plate 2 are fixedly connected through a plurality of uniformly distributed connecting bolts 4, two limiting nuts 5 are arranged on each connecting bolt 4 and located on the upper and lower sides of the test piece plate 1 respectively, the limiting nuts 5 are used for fixing the test piece plate 1, the loading plate 2 is provided with a hinged seat 7 on the top, the pull rod 6 is hinged to the hinged seat 7, and the other end of the pull rod 6 is fixedly connected with the connecting end of the external universal testing machine through the thermostat.
[0025] As an implementation form, the clamping groove 3 is a C-shaped groove, and the inclination angle of the inclined surface of the clamping groove 3 with respect to the vertical plane is 45°.
[0026] As an implementation form, four threaded holes 8 are arranged in an array on the loading plate 2, four positioning holes 9 corresponding to the four threaded holes 8 are arranged on the test piece plate 1, the number of the connecting bolts 4 is four, and the connecting bolts 4 are first threadedly connected with the threaded holes 8 and then penetrate the positioning holes 9.
[0027] As an implementation form, the connecting part of the test piece 11 and the clamping groove 3 is coated with epoxy resin.
[0028] As an implementation form, a smooth bolt 10 is arranged on the hinged seat 7, and the smooth bolt 10 is the hinge shaft of the pull rod 6 and the hinged seat 7.
[0029] In the utility model, the two ends of the test piece 11 should be manufactured into a shape that matches the clamping groove 3, for example, a bone shape, and the test piece 11 is asphalt mixture.
[0030] The working procedure of the utility model is as follows: firstly, embed two ends of the to-be-tested piece 11 into the clamping grooves 3 of the two test piece plates 1 of the upper and lower stretching assemblies respectively, and stick and fix them at the connecting position by smearing epoxy resin, then connect the two pull rods 6 of the upper and lower stretching assemblies to the upper and lower connecting ends of the material universal testing machine respectively, and make their other ends respectively extend into the thermostat from the through holes of the upper and lower walls of the thermostat, then align the hinged seat 7 of the upper stretching assembly with the pull rod 6 and install the smooth bolt 10, make the pull rod 6 hinged with the loading plate 2, then screw the connecting bolts 4 into the threaded holes 8 respectively, now, set a limiting nut 5 on each bolt, then insert the positioning hole 9 on the test piece plate 1 on which the to-be-tested piece 11 has been stuck into the connecting bolt 4, and set a second limiting nut 5 on the connecting bolt 4, then tighten the two limiting nuts 5 on each connecting bolt 4 to fix the test piece plate 1, complete the installation of the upper stretching assembly, and install the lower stretching assembly according to the same procedure, then close the thermostat and perform the stretching test through the universal testing machine.
[0031] When the to-be-tested piece 11 needs to be replaced, the two test piece plates 1 are taken off and other test piece plates 1 on which the to-be-tested pieces 11 have been stuck are installed.
[0032] The above is the example of the best implementation mode of the utility model, wherein the parts not described in detail are the common knowledge of the ordinary skilled in the art. The protection scope of the utility model is subject to the content of the claims, and any equivalent transformation based on the technical inspiration of the utility model is also within the protection scope of the utility model.
Claims
1. A brittle material uniaxial tensile loading apparatus, characterized by, The upper and lower stretching assemblies are used for connecting the upper and lower ends of the test piece (11) respectively and are arranged symmetrically up and down relative to the test piece (11), and the two ends of the upper and lower stretching assemblies are used for penetrating through the thermostat and being hinged to the external universal testing machine; the upper and lower stretching assemblies are used for fixing the test piece (11) inside the thermostat and conducting the pulling force to the test piece (11); The upper and lower stretching assemblies each comprise a test piece plate (1), a loading plate (2), a clamping groove (3), a connecting bolt (4), a limiting nut (5) and a pull rod (6), the bottom of the test piece plate (1) of the upper stretching assembly is provided with the clamping groove (3) protruding, the clamping groove (3) is used for clamping the connecting end of the material to be stretched, the loading plate (2) is arranged in parallel above the test piece plate (1), the test piece plate (1) and the loading plate (2) are fixedly connected through a plurality of uniformly distributed connecting bolts (4), two limiting nuts (5) are arranged on each connecting bolt (4) and are located on the upper and lower sides of the test piece plate (1) respectively, the limiting nuts (5) are used for fixing the test piece plate (1), the loading plate (2) is provided with a hinge seat (7) on the top, the hinge seat (7) is hinged with the pull rod (6), and the other end of the pull rod (6) is fixedly connected with the connecting end of the external universal testing machine penetrating through the thermostat.
2. A brittle material uniaxial tensile loading device according to claim 1, wherein The clamping groove (3) is a C-shaped groove, and the inclination angle of the inclined surface of the clamping groove (3) relative to the vertical plane is 45°.
3. The brittle material uniaxial tensile loading apparatus of claim 1, wherein, Four threaded holes (8) are arranged in an array on the loading plate (2), four positioning holes (9) corresponding to the four threaded holes (8) are arranged on the test piece plate (1), the number of the connecting bolts (4) is four, and the connecting bolts (4) are first threadedly connected with the threaded holes (8) and then penetrate through the positioning holes (9).
4. The brittle material uniaxial tensile loading apparatus of claim 1, wherein, Epoxy resin is applied to the connection between the test piece (11) and the clamping groove (3).
5. The brittle material uniaxial tensile loading apparatus of claim 1, wherein, Smooth bolts (10) are arranged on the hinge seat (7), and the smooth bolts (10) are the hinge shafts of the pull rod (6) and the hinge seat (7).