Tractor

Abstract

The tractor is mainly composed of a power source, a chassis and an electric appliance, the power source adopts a storage battery, the chassis is composed of a chassis I and a chassis II, and the chassis I and the chassis II are connected through an arch frame. And a transmission part, a walking part, a steering part and a braking part which are arranged on the chassis I and the chassis II are correspondingly connected from the upper surface of the arch frame to form a power system, a walking system, a steering system and a braking system. The storage battery is adopted to provide driving electric energy, no toxic and harmful substances are discharged, and no pollution is caused to crops; the arch frame is adopted to cross crops, only the arch frame part is lifted, the walking stability is good, and overturning is not prone to occurring; the maximum height of the arch frame is larger than the maximum height in the whole growth process of the working crops, the arch frame avoids the crops and does not press down the crops during cross-row working, working is not limited by the heights of the crops, mechanical working can be conducted in the whole growth process of the crops, and agricultural mechanization is improved.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The utility model belongs to the technical field of self -propelled machinery, specifically a tractor. BACKGROUND

[0002] Self -propelled machinery has tractor, car, excavator etc., and the self -propelled machinery driven by machinery mainly comprises engine, chassis and electrical equipment three big parts.Engine generates the power of driving walking, and the chassis is the device of transmitting power of self -propelled machinery, and its function is to transmit the power of engine to driving wheel and working device to make tractor travel, and complete mobile operation or fixed action, and this function is realized through the mutual cooperation and coordination of transmission system, walking system, steering system, brake system and working device, and they also constitute the skeleton and body of tractor.Engine uses diesel as fuel, and diesel is easy to carbonize and form carbon smoke, that is, one kind of particulate matter PM, and in addition to the air in the combustion chamber under high temperature, it is easy to form nitrogen oxide NOx, and NOx is marked as toxic gas that can cause serious inflammation of respiratory tract in the report of world health organization;Engine uses gasoline as fuel, and gasoline combustion produces carbon monoxide, hydrocarbon, etc., and too much carbon monoxide in air can cause neurotoxicity phenomenon and carcinogenicity.With the high requirements of environmental protection and health, at present, there is self -propelled machinery driven by electricity, and the power of driving walking is provided by battery, and the power is converted into the power of driving walking, and the engine providing walking power and the battery providing electric energy are collectively referred to as power source in the specification, and the self -propelled machinery mainly comprises power source, chassis and electrical three big parts.

[0003] Figure 1 The present application provides a kind of automobile electric drive walking principle schematic diagram, and electric energy is provided by battery 101, is connected with circuit controller 103 by power line 102, and circuit controller 103 controls walking drive motor 105 rotation by branch line 104.

[0004] The existing automobile steering assist mainly has three ways: mechanical hydraulic power steering system, electronic hydraulic assist steering system, electric power steering system. Figure 2 As shown in the figure, in the electric power steering system, motor 203 controls gear 207 rotation through speed reducer 204 to drive rack 206 fixedly connected with steering tie rod 205 to move left and right to realize assist steering;In the hydraulic assist steering system, the hydraulic cylinder fixedly connected with steering tie rod 205 is extended and retracted to realize assist steering.The driving parts of assist steering system in this specification are collectively referred to as steering actuator, and the steering actuator in the electric power steering system is composed of motor 203, speed reducer 204, gear 207 and rack 206, and the steering actuator in the hydraulic assist steering system is hydraulic cylinder.

[0005] Figure 2 As a kind of power-assisted steering principle schematic diagram for existing car, after receiving the sensing signal of torque sensor 201, circuit controller 103 controls the rotation of motor 203 through actuator control line 208, motor 203 drives gear 207 to rotate through speed reducer 204, gear 207 drives rack 206 fixedly connected with steering tie rod 205 to move, and power-assisted steering is realized.

[0006] The brake of the wheel of the existing car is divided into drum brake or disc brake from form, and is divided into oil pressure or air pressure from power. Figure 3 As a kind of brake principle schematic diagram for the wheel of the existing car, oil pump 301 controls brake 303 through oil distribution pipe 302.

[0007] With the improvement of life quality, people have high requirements on the quality and quantity of crops, greenhouse planting has the characteristics of not being affected by seasons and regions, good quality of vegetables and high benefits, and greenhouse planting is increasingly popular, but greenhouse planting mechanized operation is less, the reasons are as follows: 1, the greenhouse is a limited space, the exhaust gas generated by the engine is not easy to discharge, and the exhaust gas will pollute the crops in the limited space; 2, the space of the greenhouse is limited, and the row spacing is small, if the existing tractor is used, only cross-row operation can be carried out, when the chassis of the tractor is lower than the height of the crops, cross-row operation cannot be carried out any more, otherwise the chassis will crush the crops, although the method of lengthening the supporting leg and raising the supporting seat can be used to raise the ground clearance of the chassis, but the higher the ground clearance of the chassis, the higher the center of gravity of the machine, and the more unstable the walking is, and the more prone to tractor overturning accidents, due to the above reasons, the mechanization of greenhouse crop planting operation is limited. In order to improve the mechanization of the whole process management of greenhouse crops, a tractor that is environmentally friendly, stable in walking and not limited by the height of crops is needed. Practical new type content

[0008] The purpose of the present utility model is to provide a tractor that is environmentally friendly, stable in walking and not limited by the height of crops, so as to improve the mechanization of the whole process management of crops.

[0009] The present utility model is realized in this way, mainly composed of a tractor consisting of power source, chassis and electrical appliances, as shown in the accompanying Figure 4 schematic diagram, the power source adopts battery 101, the chassis is composed of chassis I 401 and chassis II 402, arch door frame 403 connects the chassis I 401 and the chassis II 402, and the transmission components, walking components, steering components and braking components arranged on the chassis I 401 and the chassis II 402 are connected through the corresponding connection from the top of the arch door frame 403 to form power system, walking system, steering system and braking system.

[0010] The present utility model can be as follows: as Figure 12The arch frame 403 is composed of a door column 1201 and a door beam 1202, the door column 1201 is composed of a column insert 1206 and a column sleeve 1207, the column insert 1206 and the column sleeve 1207 are provided with through holes, the through holes are coaxially positioned by inserting a pin 1204 after the column insert 1206 and the column sleeve 1207 are relatively displaced, the height of the arch frame 403 is adjusted, and the door beam 1202 is composed of a beam insert 1203 and a beam sleeve 1205, the beam insert 1203 and the beam sleeve 1205 are provided with through holes, the through holes are coaxially positioned by inserting a pin 1204 after the beam insert 1203 and the beam sleeve 1205 are relatively displaced, the width of the arch frame 403 is adjusted, and the height and the width of the arch frame 403 can be adjusted to adapt to the operation of different crop heights and row spacings and facilitate walking.

[0011] The utility model can also be as follows: Figure 5 The steering wheel is independently provided with an electronic power-assisted steering execution member, and does not share a steering tie rod 205.

[0012] The utility model's power-assisted steering can also be as follows: Figure 6 The steering execution member is composed of a motor 203, a speed reduction mechanism 204, a gear II 603 and a gear I 601, the speed reduction mechanism 204 is connected with the gear I 601, and the gear II 603 is connected with a steering wheel component shaft 602.

[0013] The utility model's power-assisted steering can also be as follows: Figure 7 The steering execution member is composed of a motor 203, a speed reduction mechanism 204, a worm 702 and a worm wheel 701, the speed reduction mechanism 204 is connected with the worm 702, and the worm wheel 701 is connected with a steering wheel component shaft 602.

[0014] The utility model realizes the following effects: the driving electric energy is provided by a storage battery, no toxic and harmful substances are discharged, and crops are not polluted; the arch frame 403 crosses crops, only the arch frame 403 is lifted, the walking stability is good, and the utility model is not prone to overturning; the growth height of crops is predictable and relatively consistent, the maximum height of the arch frame 403 is determined according to the crops planted in the use place, the arch frame 403 is higher than the highest height of crops in the whole growth process, the arch frame 403 is kept higher than crops and does not crush crops when the arch frame 403 is kept away from crops during cross-row operation, the operation is not limited by the height of crops, the whole growth process of crops can be mechanized, and the mechanization of crop planting management is improved.

[0015] The following lists the examples of the parts or tools of the prior art configured by the utility model can be operated:

[0016] As Figure 10 The liquid tank and the liquid pump are fixed on the chassis II 402, the nozzle 1001 is fixed on the inner side of the arch frame 403, the liquid tank, the liquid pump and the nozzle 1001 are connected through pipelines, and the pesticide spraying or foliar fertilization is sucked from the liquid tank by the liquid pump and sprayed from the nozzle 1001, so that the pesticide spraying or foliar fertilization operation can be carried out on the crops.

[0017] As Figure 10 The power-driven cutter 1002 or picker is fixed on the inner side of the arch frame 403, and the leaves such as tea leaves or fruits such as peppers, tomatoes and eggplants can be picked and harvested, and the green pruning can also be used.

[0018] As Figure 11 The icon 1101 is a plow, which is fixed on the chassis or the arch frame 403 to loosen the soil, and can be used for cultivating the crops or harvesting the fruits such as potatoes, peanuts, sweet potatoes and taros.

[0019] As Figure 11 The icon 1101 is a circular cutter, which is fixed on the chassis or the arch frame 403 to cut and harvest crops such as sugarcane and corn.

[0020] As Figure 11 The icon 1101 is a sawtooth cutter, which is fixed on the chassis or the arch frame 403 to cut and harvest crops such as rice, wheat, soybeans and chives.

[0021] As Figure 11 The icon 1101 is a sawtooth cutter, which is fixed on the chassis or the arch frame 403 to cut and harvest crops such as rice, wheat, soybeans and chives.

[0022] The icon 1101 is a blade and a plow, the blade is arranged in front of the root of the crop, and the plow is arranged behind the fruit of the crop.

[0023] As Figure 11 The fruit separator 1103 is arranged behind the conveying belt 1102, the fruit separator 1103 mainly comprises a shell and a power-driven roller, an inlet and an outlet are arranged on the shell, and a brush roller is arranged on the roller.

[0024] As Figure 11The plough or blade 1101, the conveying belt 1102 and the fruit separator 1103 can be used as separate parts or as a whole part or a machine tool. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0025] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the existing automobile electric drive walking principle.

[0026] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the existing automobile power steering principle.

[0027] Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of the existing automobile wheel brake principle.

[0028] Figure 4 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the utility model.

[0029] Figure 5 It is a schematic diagram of the independent power steering of the utility model.

[0030] Figure 6 It is a schematic diagram of the composition of the steering execution part of the utility model.

[0031] Figure 7 It is a schematic diagram of the composition of the steering execution part of the utility model.

[0032] Figure 8 It is a schematic diagram of the electric drive walking principle of the utility model.

[0033] Figure 9 It is a schematic diagram of the wheel brake principle of the utility model.

[0034] Figure 10 It is a schematic diagram of the machine tool of the utility model with the added operation parts.

[0035] Figure 11 It is a schematic diagram of the machine tool of the utility model with the added operation parts.

[0036] Figure 12 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the arch gate of the utility model.

[0037] Explanation of reference numerals: 101 - battery, 102 - power line, 103 - circuit controller, 104 - branch line, 105 - drive motor, 201 - torque sensor, 202 - steering shaft, 203 - motor, 204 - speed reduction mechanism, 205 - tie rod, 206 - rack, 207 - gear, 208 - control line, 209 - steering wheel, 301 - brake pump, 302 - oil distribution pipe, 303 - brake, 401 - chassis I, 402 - chassis II, 403 - arch frame, 601 - gear I, 602 - steering wheel component shaft, 603 - gear II, 701 - worm gear, 702 - worm, 1001 - nozzle, 1002 - cutter, 1101 - plough or blade, 1102 - conveyor belt, 1103 - fruit separator, 1201 - door post, 1202 - door beam, 1203 - beam insert, 1204 - pin, 1205 - beam sleeve, 1206 - post insert, 1207 - post sleeve. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0038] The utility model is further described in detail below in combination with the drawings.

[0039] The tractor mainly consists of a power source, a chassis and electrical appliances, as shown in the drawings. Figure 4 The power source adopts a battery 101, the chassis consists of a chassis I 401 and a chassis II 402, an arch frame 403 connects the chassis I 401 and the chassis II 402, and the transmission components, the walking components, the steering components and the brake components arranged on the chassis I 401 and the chassis II 402 are connected to form a power system, a walking system, a steering system and a brake system.

[0040] In order to balance the gravity distribution of the chassis I 401 and the chassis II 402, the battery 101 is arranged on the chassis I 401, and a steering wheel 209 is arranged on the chassis II 402. Figure 8 As shown, the battery 101 is connected to a circuit controller 103 arranged on the chassis II 402 through a power line 102 passing above the arch frame 403, and the circuit controller 103 is connected to a walking wheel drive motor 105 arranged on the chassis I 401 through a branch line 104 passing above the arch frame 403.

[0041] Preferably, as shown, the height and width of the arch frame 403 can be adjusted. Figure 12

[0042] Preferably, as shown, the height and width of the arch frame 403 can be adjusted. Figure 5 ​The steering wheel adopts an independent power-assisted steering system, and does not share the steering tie rod 205. Steering components arranged on the chassis I 401 and the chassis II 402 are connected through the control line 208 passing above the arch frame 403.

[0043] Preferably, the chassis I 401 and the chassis II 402 are arranged on the same axle 406. Figure 6 The steering actuator is composed of the motor 403, the speed reduction mechanism 404, the gear II 603 and the gear I 601, the gear I 601 is fixedly connected with the steering wheel component shaft 602, and the speed reduction mechanism 404 is fixedly connected with the gear II 603.

[0044] Preferably, the chassis I 401 and the chassis II 402 are arranged on the same axle 406. Figure 9 The brake master pump 301 is arranged on the chassis II 402, and is connected with the wheel brake 303 on the chassis I 601 through the oil distribution pipe 302 passing above the arch frame 403.

[0045] The above description is only an embodiment of the utility model, and does not limit the patent range of the utility model. For example, the chassis I and the chassis II are arranged on the chassis I and the chassis II, which is only for example and is not limited. Any application of the existing and future new technology based on the technology, such as providing driving force by using hydrogen energy, adopting unmanned driving for steering, installing or configuring photoelectric pest control and weeding equipment, etc. is within the protection range of the patent.

Claims

1. A tractor mainly composed of a power source, a chassis, and electrical components, characterized in that: The power source is a battery (101). The chassis consists of chassis I (401) and chassis II (402). The arch frame (403) connects chassis I (401) and chassis II (402). The transmission components, walking components, steering components and braking components on chassis I (401) and chassis II (402) are connected from the arch frame (403) to form a power system, a walking system, a steering system and a braking system.

2. The tractor according to claim 1, characterized in that: The arch frame (403) consists of a doorpost (1201) and a door beam (1202). The doorpost (1201) consists of a door insert (1206) and a door sleeve (1207). The door insert (1206) and the door sleeve (1207) are provided with through holes. After the door insert (1206) and the door sleeve (1207) are relatively displaced and aligned coaxially, a pin (1204) is inserted to position them, thereby adjusting the height of the arch frame (403). Similarly, the door beam... (1202) consists of a beam insert (1203) and a beam sleeve (1205). The beam insert (1203) and the beam sleeve (1205) are provided with through holes. After the beam insert (1203) and the beam sleeve (1205) are relatively displaced and aligned coaxially, the through holes are positioned by inserting a pin (1204) to realize the width adjustment of the arch frame (403). The height and width of the arch frame (403) can be adjusted to adapt to different crop heights and row spacings and facilitate walking.

3. The tractor according to claim 1, characterized in that: The steering wheels use independent power steering actuators and do not share the steering tie rod (205).

4. The tractor according to claim 3, characterized in that: The steering actuator is composed of a motor (203), a reduction mechanism (204), gear II (603) and gear I (601). The reduction mechanism (204) is connected to gear I (601), and gear II (603) is connected to the steering wheel component shaft (602).

5. The tractor according to claim 3, characterized in that: The steering actuator consists of a motor (203), a reduction mechanism (204), a worm (702), and a worm wheel (701). The reduction mechanism (204) is connected to the worm (702), and the worm wheel (701) is connected to the steering wheel component shaft (602).

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